CN109248938A - A kind of of the same race or heterogeneous material metal composite pipe composite-making process - Google Patents
A kind of of the same race or heterogeneous material metal composite pipe composite-making process Download PDFInfo
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- CN109248938A CN109248938A CN201811259165.5A CN201811259165A CN109248938A CN 109248938 A CN109248938 A CN 109248938A CN 201811259165 A CN201811259165 A CN 201811259165A CN 109248938 A CN109248938 A CN 109248938A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
- B21C37/08—Making tubes with welded or soldered seams
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of composite-making process of the same race or heterogeneous material metal composite pipe, the following steps are included: mother tube is handled, two metal tubes of selection as needed, respectively outer tube and inner tube, outer tube and the caliber of inner tube match, keep gap between compound front tube small as far as possible, before compound superplasticity processing is carried out to outer tube and inner tube respectively, obtain superplastic institutional framework;Faying face prepares, and is mechanically or chemically handled the faying face of outer tube and inner tube;Outer tube and inner tube fitting;It welds compound, carries out that heating welding is compound, and heating temperature has one in superplastic lower temperature range execution according to the metal tube of two kinds of materials after inner and outer tubes fitting.Small diameter tube heavy wall same metal pipe or composite metal pipe can be produced, production equipment threshold requirement is reduced, does not need smelting-casting equipment, does not apply welding material welding compound, obtains the welding point of abundant metallurgical bonding, improve pipe way bond strength.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to steel plate processing technique fields, and in particular to a kind of of the same race or heterogeneous material metal composite pipe compound
Preparation process.
Background technique
When needing that performance meets different require inside and outside steel pipe, composite metal pipe is generally used, there are four types of manufacturing methods at present:
1, fusion casting prepares pipe in a kind of another subzero metal fever melt of the one side founding of metal pipe billet, then adds again
It is rolled into composite metal pipe, this complex method needs metallurgical smelting-casting equipment and rolling equipment;2, liquid-phase diffusion welding/soldering:
It wants compound pipe faying face to be pre-processed, adds soldering flux in the sub- gap of inner and outer pipes or inside the outside of pipe coats
One layer of brazing material fits closely two layers of pipe using processing measure, heats under atmosphere protection, and pipe way forms infiltration pricker
Jointing is welded, there is comparable bonding strength;But this addition connected due to needing soldering flux, the distribution of soldering flux is not
It is easy uniformly, and increases process complexity;3, mechanical composite algorithm: the inside and outside taken processing measure of pipe fits closely, still
Metallurgical bonding is not present in pipe way, needs to do extra process to joint for pipe when in use, guarantees the airtightness of joint;4, golden
Belonging to composite plate tubulation welding: using clad metal sheet tubulation, outer layer inner layer metal respectively welds layer, welding material is added,
Ectonexine metal tube is respectively necessary for bevel, and the processing of welding transition layer need to be done at double layer of metal interfaces transition, produces work
Skill is complicated, and efficiency is lower.There are also same metal pipes to be difficult to produce since specification is special using current rolling poling technique, such as
Small diameter tube thick-wall metal pipes.
Summary of the invention
To overcome the deficiency, the purpose of the present invention is to provide one kind not to need to smelt smelting-casting equipment, does not use interlayer
Soldering flux or liquid phase welding material, realize good metallurgical bonding, reduce the superplasticity weldering of the composite metal pipe of process complexity
Connect composite-making process.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of of the same race or heterogeneous material metal composite pipe
Composite-making process, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: mother tube is handled:
The caliber of two metal tubes of selection, respectively outer tube and inner tube as needed, outer tube and inner tube matches, and makes compound
Gap is small as far as possible between front tube, carries out superplasticity processing respectively to outer tube and inner tube before compound, obtains superplastic institutional framework, or
The outer tube and inner tube of person's purchase have superplastic institutional framework, and the pipe that deformation occurs is wanted to have super modeling after at least guaranteeing
Property institutional framework, and the metal tube surface of step 2 cleaning after, mating surface still have certain thickness metal have superplasticity
Institutional framework;
Wherein the material of the outer tube and inner tube is carbon steel, stainless steel, nickel-base alloy, copper, any two between titanium tube
Combination.
Step 2: faying face prepares
The faying face of outer tube and inner tube is mechanically or chemically handled, after processing, must not there is moisture, greasy dirt, impurity, rust
Erosion leaks out metallic luster, keeps surface cleaning that must not aoxidize;
Specifically, the mechanical treatment is using nickel-base alloy and carbon steel polishing or fine sandpaper polishing, with carbon tetrachloride or
Acetone cleaning.
Specifically, the chemical treatment is formed using 0Cr18Ni9Ti acid washing liquid for stainless steel: 15mlHCL, 5mlHNO3,
15mlH2SO4,65ml H2O, can be pickling 30-60 seconds.
Step 3: outer tube and inner tube fitting
Make the knot of inner and outer tubes to be composite using the processing method of bulging, expansion inner tube aperture, or diminution outer tube aperture
Conjunction face fits closely;
Step 4: welding is compound
Inner and outer tubes fitting after carry out heating welding it is compound, heating temperature has super modeling according to the metal tube of two kinds of materials
Property lower temperature range in one execution, keep the temperature 10-40 minutes after being heated to superplasticity section space aim temperature.
Specifically, in said inner tube or outer tube, have in the faying face for the metal tube to carry out larger deformation less than 0.5mm
Thick superplastic fine grain structure structure, after removing surface, the faying face of the metal tube has superplastic fine grain
Grain institutional framework thickness is not less than 0.3mm.
Specifically, the length of said inner tube is greater than the length of outer tube.
Specifically, in the step 1, the superplasticity processing method of metal tube is circulating quenching method or the super modeling of processing phase transformation
Property.
Specifically, in the step 3, the gap of welded closure both ends pipe ways before being bonded, when welded closure gap, all
It to carry out in a vacuum, if, the purpose is to weld preheating or reduce machining deformation power, deformation adds using what is heated before being bonded
Hot temperature must not the upper limit in superplastic temperature section that has of the tubing more than expected that generate larger deformation.
Specifically, in the step 4, if the multiple tube composite slab end that the outer tube and inner tube are formed is unclosed,
Heating will be under vacuum environment.
Specifically, in the step 4, if the multiple tube combined termination point that the outer tube and inner tube are formed is closed, according to
Material requirement, such as nickel-base alloy, stainless steel need in a vacuum, and the material of carbon steel, high-carbon steel sample can not add in a vacuum
Heat, wall thickness are greater than the outer tube and inner tube of 4mm, especially 10mm or more, and wall pipe can also be improved temperature to two kinds of metal composite pipe
Lower recrystallization temperature heating, soaking time are appropriately extended in material.About exist between obtaining humidity province height such as the superplasticity of carbon steel
700-800 DEG C, heating time is assigned to 40 minutes 15.
Transformation superplasticity temperature range are as follows: high-temperature nickel-base alloy: 1040~1130 DEG C;Austenitic stainless steel and two-phase stainless
Steel 1050-1350 DEG C of solution treatment of 2205 organizational requirements, cold rolling denaturation 80%, 10 μm of room temperature texture's crystallite dimension or less;Deformation
Temperature is generally at 960-1020 DEG C;At 650-800 DEG C, optimum temperature about exists the superplastic temperature of high-carbon steel and straight carbon steel such as 20 steel
720-750 or so.
Specifically, in the step 4, in heating welding process, outer placement mold is managed in or beyond inner tube, for protecting
Hold the shape of multiple tube.
The invention has the following advantages: the present invention is compound using of the same race or heterogeneous material metal tube, can produce
Small diameter tube heavy wall same metal pipe or composite metal pipe;Or when producing heterogeneous material multiple tube, reduce production equipment
Threshold requirement, does not need smelting-casting equipment, does not apply welding material welding compound, obtains the welding point of abundant metallurgical bonding, mention
High pipe way bond strength, improves pipe composite quality, simplifies production technology, reduce the subsequent finishing work of pipe
Amount;Due to realizing the uniform metallurgical bonding of homogeneity or heterogeneous metal pipe under lower welding temperature, tubular shape is kept
Preferably, welding surface is well combined, and does not need bevelling, does not fuse into additional welding material, therefore mixed without apparent ingredient
Close the performances atenuator region such as area or heat affected area.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to
This.
Embodiment 1
A kind of of the same race or heterogeneous material metal composite pipe composite-making process, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: mother tube processing prepares
Selecting 304 stainless steel metal pipes is outer tube, and specification is outer diameter 20mm, wall thickness 2mm, length 6000mm, choosing
It is inner tube with Q235B metal tube, specification is outer diameter 14mm, wall thickness 2mm, length 6020mm;
Step 2: faying face prepares
Pickling is carried out to 304 stainless steel metal pipe surfaces, neutralization, air-dries processing, removes removing oxide layer;To Q235B metal tube
Surface treatment grinding is carried out, exposes metallic luster, is cleaned with acetone, must not there is moisture, greasy dirt, impurity, corrosion, keeps surface clear
It is clean to aoxidize;
Step 3: outer tube and inner tube fitting
By inner tube, outer tube fitting, inner tube is made to be slightly longer than outer tube, the reaming of one end elder generation makes inner tube be bonded outer tube, the solid point end
It must not slide, not heat, be fitted closely using the faying face that mechanical cold expanding shape method expands inner tube aperture multiple tube, then true
Aerial welding two-port, gap between sealed tube, welding procedure is to select ψ 3.2mm A002 welding rod, welding current 90- in vacuum
100A, weldingvoltage 100-20V, speed of welding 9-11cm/min.
Step 4: welding is compound
After inner and outer tubes fitting, in vacuum heating indoor, it is quickly heated to the superplasticity section 720- of Q235B
740 DEG C, 30 minutes are kept the temperature, after the completion of heat preservation, heat up 1120 DEG C of solution treatment 1 hour, multiple after the completion of stainless steel composite pipe welding
Closing pipe size is about outer diameter 20mm, wall thickness 3.7mm.
Step 5: carrying out finishing cutting head, surface polishing after completing welding, restore stainless steel gloss, length 5990mm.
It detects composite surface shear strength and is not less than 245MPa, bond strength is higher;After intercepting one section of compound pipe at one end
After doing nozzle flattening test, faying face does not have crackle appearance, shows that faying face is well combined.
Embodiment 2
A kind of of the same race or heterogeneous material metal composite pipe composite-making process, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: mother tube processing prepares
Selection N06600 nickel-base alloy metal tube is inner tube, and specification is outer diameter 100mm, wall thickness 5mm, and length is
9040mm;Selection 20# metal tube is outer tube, and specification is diameter outer diameter 115mm, wall thickness 5mm, length 9000mm;
Step 2: faying face prepares
Lye cleaning processing is carried out to nickel-base alloy pipe surface, removing oxide layer is removed, cleans out dirt with stainless steel brush;It is right
20# metal tube carries out pickling, neutralization, pure water rinsing, N2 drying, is all exposed metallic luster;Greasy dirt, face to be combined are cleaned with acetone
Must not there are moisture, greasy dirt, impurity, corrosion, keep surface cleaning that must not aoxidize;
Step 3: outer tube and inner tube fitting
By inner tube, outer tube fitting, inner tube is made to be slightly longer than outer tube, the reaming of one end elder generation makes inner tube be bonded outer tube, the solid point end
It must not slide, not heat, closely be pasted using the faying face that mechanical cold expanding shape method expands inner tube aperture multiple tube in a vacuum chamber
It closes, then welds gap between two-port sealed tube;(Nickel-based Alloy Welding guaranteeing through welding and under the premise of fuse good, in work
Small weld heat input, short electric arc, the operating method swung less are used in skill parameter area as far as possible;Temperature is answered small in multilayer layer
In 100 DEG C, welding bead will be staggered as far as possible, and slag is cleaned out between welding bead and eliminates surface defect.Selection of electrodes ψ 3mm EniCrFe-
1,200-250 DEG C, welding current 80-110A, voltage 18-22V of drying before welding, weldering speed 4-9cm/min, heat input 6-16KJ/cm)
Step 4: welding is compound
After inner and outer tubes fitting, heats, be rapidly heated to N06600 nickel-base alloy superplasticity section in a vacuum chamber
1040~1080 DEG C, the welding of completion in 30-40 minutes is kept the temperature in this temperature range, compound pipe size is about outer diameter 115mm, wall thickness
9.7mm。
Step 5: carrying out inner surface cleaning after completing welding, restore nickel-base alloy metallic luster, length after finishing
8980mm。
It detects composite surface shear strength and is not less than 355MPa, bond strength is higher.After intercepting one section of compound pipe at one end
After doing nozzle flattening test, faying face does not have crackle appearance, shows that faying face is well combined.
Embodiment 3
A kind of of the same race or heterogeneous material metal composite pipe composite-making process, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: mother tube processing prepares
Selecting 2205 two-way stainless steel tubes is inner tube, and specification is outer diameter 55mm, wall thickness 2.5mm, length 8540mm;
Selection uses Q345B metal tube for outer tube, and specification is diameter outer diameter 62mm, wall thickness 2.5mm, length 8500mm;
Step 2: faying face prepares
Pickling processes are carried out to 2205 stainless steel pipe surfaces, removing oxide layer is removed, cleans out dirt with stainless steel brush;It is right
Q345B metal tube carries out pickling, neutralization, pure water rinsing, N2 drying, is all exposed metallic luster;Greasy dirt is cleaned with acetone, it is to be combined
Face must not have moisture, greasy dirt, impurity, corrosion, keep surface cleaning that must not aoxidize;
Step 3: outer tube and inner tube fitting
By inner tube, outer tube fitting, inner tube is made to be slightly longer than outer tube, the reaming of one end elder generation makes inner tube be bonded outer tube, the solid point end
It must not slide, not heat, the opposed double halfpipe molds of the outer fixed placement of outer tube are adopted with fixing outer tube outer diameter in vacuum chamber
It is fitted closely with the faying face that Mechanical Method expands inner tube aperture multiple tube, then welds gap between two-port sealed tube;(welding rod
2205 are selected to use ψ 3.2mmTS-2209 welding rod, welding current 70-100A, voltage 21-26V, weldering speed 7-10cm/min)
Step 4: welding is compound
After inner and outer tubes fitting, in vacuum heating indoor, heating rate is not more than 100 DEG C per hour, until 2205 is stainless
950-980 DEG C of steel pipe superplasticity section heat preservation completion in 30-40 minutes welding is compound, quickly air-cooled to pipe after welding;Multiple tube
Size is about outer diameter 62mm, wall thickness 4.9mm.
Step 5: carrying out inner surface cleaning after completing welding, restore stainless steel inner tube metallic luster, length after finishing
8480mm。
It detects composite surface shear strength and is not less than 360MPa, bond strength is higher.Nozzle is done after one section of compound pipe of interception
After flattening test, faying face does not have crackle appearance, shows that faying face is well combined.
Embodiment 4
A kind of of the same race or heterogeneous material metal composite pipe composite-making process, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: mother tube processing prepares
Selecting Q235B pipe is inner tube, and specification is outer diameter 15mm, wall thickness 2.5mm, length 6000mm;It selects and uses
Q235B metal tube is outer tube, and specification is diameter outer diameter 8mm, wall thickness 1.5mm, length 6050mm;
Step 2: faying face prepares
Pickling, neutralization, pure water rinsing, N2 drying processing are carried out to Q235B carbon steel surface, remove removing oxide layer, it is clear with iron brush
Clean dirt is managed, cleans greasy dirt with acetone, face to be combined must not have moisture, greasy dirt, impurity, corrosion, expose metallic luster, keep
Surface cleaning must not aoxidize;
Step 3: outer tube and inner tube fitting
By inner tube, outer tube fitting, inner tube is made to be slightly longer than outer tube, the reaming of one end elder generation makes inner tube be bonded outer tube, and solid point one end is not
It must slide, not heat, the opposed double halfpipe molds of the outer fixed placement of outer tube are expanded with fixing outer tube outer diameter using Mechanical Method
The faying face for filling inner tube aperture multiple tube fits closely.
Step 4: welding is compound
After inner and outer tubes fitting, the superplasticity section 720-750 of Q235B carbon steel pipe is heated in vacuum drying oven
DEG C, 30-40 minutes are kept the temperature in this temperature range, completes welding, size is about outer diameter 15mm, wall thickness 3.6mm after carbon pipe is compound.
Step 5: completing to carry out finishing scale, size 5970mm after welding is compound;
It detects composite surface shear strength and is not less than 260MPa, bond strength is higher.After intercepting one section of compound pipe at one end
After doing nozzle flattening test, faying face does not have crackle appearance, shows that faying face is well combined.
Embodiment 5
A kind of of the same race or heterogeneous material metal composite pipe composite-making process, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: mother tube processing prepares
Selecting Q345B pipe is inner tube, and specification is outer diameter 25mm, wall thickness 3mm, length 7000mm;It selects and uses
Q345B metal tube is outer tube, and specification is diameter outer diameter 16mm, wall thickness 3mm, length 7050mm;
Step 2: faying face prepares
Pickling, neutralization, pure water rinsing, N2 drying processing are carried out to Q345B carbon steel surface, remove removing oxide layer, it is clear with iron brush
Clean dirt is managed, cleans greasy dirt with acetone, face to be combined must not have moisture, greasy dirt, impurity, corrosion, expose metallic luster, keep
Surface cleaning must not aoxidize;
Step 3: outer tube and inner tube fitting
By inner tube, outer tube fitting, inner tube is made to be slightly longer than outer tube, the reaming of one end elder generation makes inner tube be bonded outer tube, and solid point one end is not
It must slide, not heat, the opposed double halfpipe molds of the outer fixed placement of outer tube are expanded with fixing outer tube outer diameter using Mechanical Method
The faying face for filling inner tube aperture multiple tube fits closely.
Step 4: welding is compound
After inner and outer tubes fitting, heats in air, is warming up to 720-750 DEG C of the superplasticity section of Q345B carbon steel pipe,
30-40 minutes are kept the temperature in this temperature range, completes welding, size is about outer diameter 25mm, wall thickness 5.3mm after carbon pipe is compound.
Step 5: completing to carry out finishing scale, size 6965mm after welding is compound;
It detects composite surface shear strength and is not less than 375MPa, bond strength is higher.After intercepting one section of compound pipe at one end
After doing nozzle flattening test, faying face does not have crackle appearance, shows that faying face is well combined.
The present invention is not limited to the embodiment, anyone should learn that the structure made under the inspiration of the present invention becomes
Change, the technical schemes that are same or similar to the present invention are fallen within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Technology not described in detail in the present invention, shape, construction portion are well-known technique.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of composite-making process of the same race or heterogeneous material metal composite pipe, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
Step 1: mother tube is handled:
The caliber of two metal tubes of selection, respectively outer tube and inner tube as needed, outer tube and inner tube matches, and makes compound front tube
Between gap it is small as far as possible, it is compound before superplasticity processing is carried out respectively to outer tube and inner tube, obtain superplastic institutional framework, at least want
Want the pipe that deformation occurs that there is superplasticity institutional framework after guaranteeing, and after the cleaning of the metal tube surface of step 2, in conjunction with
Surface still has certain thickness metal to have superplastic institutional framework;
Step 2: faying face prepares
The faying face of outer tube and inner tube is mechanically or chemically handled, after processing, must not there is moisture, greasy dirt, impurity, corrosion,
Metallic luster is leaked out, keeps surface cleaning that must not aoxidize;
Step 3: outer tube and inner tube fitting
Make the faying face of inner and outer tubes to be composite using the processing method of bulging, expansion inner tube aperture, or diminution outer tube aperture
It fits closely;
Step 4: welding is compound
Inner and outer tubes fitting after carry out heating welding it is compound, heating temperature has superplastic according to the metal tube of two kinds of materials
An execution in lower temperature range, keeps the temperature 10-40 minutes after being heated to superplasticity section space aim temperature.
2. one kind according to claim 1 is of the same race or the composite-making process of heterogeneous material metal composite pipe, feature exist
In: the material of the outer tube and inner tube is carbon steel, any two between stainless steel, nickel-base alloy, copper, titanium tube combine.
3. one kind according to claim 1 is of the same race or the composite-making process of heterogeneous material metal composite pipe, feature exist
In: mechanical treatment described in step 2 is using nickel-base alloy and carbon steel polishing or fine sandpaper polishing, with carbon tetrachloride or acetone
Cleaning, chemical treatment described in step 2 are formed using 0Cr18Ni9Ti acid washing liquid for stainless steel: 15mlHCL, 5mlHNO3,
15mlH2SO4,65ml H2O, can be pickling 30-60 seconds.
4. one kind according to claim 1 is of the same race or the composite-making process of heterogeneous material metal composite pipe, feature exist
In: in said inner tube or outer tube, have in the faying face for the metal tube to carry out larger deformation superplastic less than 0.5mm thickness
Fine grain structure structure, after removing surface, it is thick that the faying face of the metal tube has superplastic fine grain structure structure
Degree is not less than 0.3mm.
5. one kind according to claim 1 is of the same race or the composite-making process of heterogeneous material metal composite pipe, feature exist
In: the length of said inner tube is greater than the length of outer tube.
6. one kind according to claim 1 is of the same race or the composite-making process of heterogeneous material metal composite pipe, feature exist
In: in the step 1, the superplasticity processing method of metal tube is circulating quenching method or processing transformation superplasticity.
7. one kind according to claim 1 is of the same race or the composite-making process of heterogeneous material metal composite pipe, feature exist
In: in the step 3, the gap of welded closure both ends pipe ways before being bonded, when welded closure gap, will in a vacuum into
Row, if, the purpose is to weld preheating or reduce machining deformation power, deformation heating temperature must not surpass using what is heated before fitting
It is expected to generate the upper limit in the superplastic temperature section that the tubing of larger deformation has out.
8. one kind according to claim 1 is of the same race or the composite-making process of heterogeneous material metal composite pipe, feature exist
In: in the step 4, if the multiple tube composite slab end that the outer tube and inner tube are formed is unclosed, heating will be in true
Under Altitude.
9. one kind according to claim 1 is of the same race or the composite-making process of heterogeneous material metal composite pipe, feature exist
In: in the step 4, if the multiple tube combined termination point that the outer tube and inner tube are formed is closed, is required, selected according to material
It selects and whether heats, material is nickel-base alloy, stainless steel needs in a vacuum, and material is that carbon steel, high-carbon steel sample do not add in a vacuum
The wall thickness of heat, outer tube and inner tube is greater than 4mm, especially 10mm or more, and temperature is improved when heating to two kinds of materials of metal composite pipe
In the heating of lower recrystallization temperature.
10. one kind according to claim 1 is of the same race or the composite-making process of heterogeneous material metal composite pipe, feature exist
In: in the step 4, in heating welding process, outer placement mold is managed in or beyond inner tube, for keeping the shape of multiple tube
Shape.
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CN112250283A (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2021-01-22 | 上海菲利华石创科技有限公司 | Machining lathe and machining method for synthesizing ultra-long thick-wall quartz tube in vacuum |
CN113198869A (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2021-08-03 | 山东胜利长龙管道科技有限公司 | High-temperature pressure fusion manufacturing method of composite pipe internally coated with stainless steel |
CN113560818A (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2021-10-29 | 上海天阳钢管有限公司 | Method for manufacturing metallurgical composite pipe |
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CN112250283B (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2021-06-22 | 上海菲利华石创科技有限公司 | Machining lathe and machining method for synthesizing ultra-long thick-wall quartz tube in vacuum |
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