CN109245039B - Train, train power supply system and earth leakage protection device thereof - Google Patents
Train, train power supply system and earth leakage protection device thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109245039B CN109245039B CN201710558046.9A CN201710558046A CN109245039B CN 109245039 B CN109245039 B CN 109245039B CN 201710558046 A CN201710558046 A CN 201710558046A CN 109245039 B CN109245039 B CN 109245039B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/26—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents
- H02H3/32—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents involving comparison of the voltage or current values at corresponding points in different conductors of a single system, e.g. of currents in go and return conductors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
- H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
- H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
- H02J9/061—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems for DC powered loads
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- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Testing Of Short-Circuits, Discontinuities, Leakage, Or Incorrect Line Connections (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a train, a train power supply system and a leakage protection device thereof, wherein the power supply system comprises a power grid and a vehicle-mounted battery pack, the power grid and the vehicle-mounted battery pack are used for supplying power to the train, and the leakage protection device comprises: the first circuit breaker is connected with the positive pole of the power grid; the first positive contactor is connected with the first circuit breaker and the power receiving positive electrode of the train; the first negative contactor is connected with the negative electrode of the power grid and the electrified negative electrode of the train; the second positive contactor is connected with the positive electrode of the battery and the positive electrode of the train power receiving; the second negative contactor is connected with the negative electrode of the battery and the power receiving negative electrode of the train; including the first earth leakage protection subassembly of controller, the break-make of the steerable circuit breaker of controller and each contactor is in order to realize that the electric wire netting supplies power or on-vehicle group battery gives the train power supply, and when the electric wire netting supplied power for the train, the controller can judge whether the high-pressure positive pole of train takes place the electric leakage to steerable first circuit breaker disconnection is in order to realize earth leakage protection when taking place the electric leakage, from this, has promoted the security and the reliability of train operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of train power supply, in particular to a leakage protection device of a train power supply system, the train power supply system and a train.
Background
With the development of science and technology, the railway of China has crossed the era of high-speed passenger transportation, and the train provides great convenience for people to go out. At present, a train is mainly powered by a power grid and mainly adopts a direct current main power supply mode. Once a fault occurs at the train end when the power grid supplies power, such as a leakage fault, the power supply condition of the train is directly influenced, and the train can not run.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the art described above. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an earth leakage protection device for a train power supply system, which can supply power through a power grid or a vehicle-mounted battery pack, and can realize earth leakage protection in a power grid power supply mode and a battery power supply mode.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a train power supply system.
A third object of the invention is to propose a train.
In order to achieve the above object, a first embodiment of the present invention provides an earth leakage protection device for a train power supply system, where the train power supply system includes a power grid for supplying power to a train, and an on-board battery pack for supplying power to the train, and the earth leakage protection device includes: one end of the first circuit breaker is connected with a high-voltage positive pole of the power grid; one end of the first positive contactor is connected with the other end of the first circuit breaker, and the other end of the first positive contactor is connected to a power receiving positive end of the train; one end of the first negative contactor is connected with a high-voltage negative pole of the power grid, and the other end of the first negative contactor is connected to a power receiving negative pole end of the train; one end of the second positive contactor is connected with the positive electrode of the vehicle-mounted battery pack, and the other end of the second positive contactor is respectively connected with the other end of the first positive contactor and the power receiving positive end of the train; one end of the second negative contactor is connected with the negative electrode of the vehicle-mounted battery pack, and the other end of the second negative contactor is respectively connected with the other end of the first negative contactor and the power receiving negative end of the train; first earth leakage protection subassembly, first earth leakage protection subassembly include the controller, establish ties at the train automobile body with electric leakage detection resistance and backward diode between the high-pressure negative pole of electric wire netting, the controller is used for gathering and flows through electric leakage detection resistance's electric current or electric leakage detection resistance's both ends voltage, and according to flowing through electric leakage detection resistance's electric current or electric leakage detection resistance's both ends voltage judges whether the high-pressure positive pole of train takes place the electric leakage, wherein, works as the electric wire netting gives when the train supplies power, first circuit breaker first positive contactor with first negative pole contactor is all closed, second positive contactor with second negative pole contactor all breaks off, if the anodal electric leakage that takes place of high pressure of train, the controller then controls first circuit breaker breaks off.
According to the leakage protection device of the train power supply system, not only can the train be supplied with power through the power grid, but also the train can be supplied with power through the vehicle-mounted battery pack, and when the train is supplied with power through the power grid, if the high-voltage positive pole of the train is judged to have leakage according to the current flowing through the leakage detection resistor or the voltages at the two ends of the leakage detection resistor, the first circuit breaker is controlled to be disconnected through the controller, so that leakage protection of the train is realized, and therefore the safety and the reliability of train operation are improved.
In addition, the leakage protection device of the train power supply system according to the above embodiment of the present invention may further have the following additional technical features:
according to one embodiment of the invention, when the vehicle-mounted battery pack supplies power to the train, the first circuit breaker, the first positive contactor and the first negative contactor are all opened, the second positive contactor and the second negative contactor are all closed, and insulation is formed between a high-voltage positive pole of the train and the train body.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the first leakage protection component further comprises a ground switch connected between the high voltage negative terminal of the grid and the negative terminal of the backward diode.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the controller includes a current collecting terminal, a first control terminal, a second control terminal, a third control terminal, a fourth control terminal and a fifth control terminal, the current collecting terminal is respectively connected to the positive terminal of the backward diode and one terminal of the leakage detecting resistor, the other terminal of the leakage detecting resistor is connected to the train body, the first control terminal is connected to the control terminal of the first circuit breaker, the second control terminal is connected to the control terminal of the first positive contactor, the third control terminal is connected to the control terminal of the first negative contactor, the fourth control terminal is connected to the control terminal of the second positive contactor, the fifth control terminal is connected to the control terminal of the second negative contactor, the controller collects the current flowing through the leakage detecting resistor through the current collecting terminal, when the current flowing through the leakage detection resistor is larger than a preset current, the controller outputs a closing signal to control the first circuit breaker, the first positive contactor and the first negative contactor to be closed through the first control end to the third control end respectively, outputs an opening signal to control the second positive contactor and the second negative contactor to be opened through the fourth control end and the fifth control end respectively, and outputs an opening signal to control the first circuit breaker to be opened through the first control end when the high-voltage positive pole of the train is judged to be leaked; when the vehicle-mounted battery pack supplies power to the train, the controller outputs an opening signal to control the first circuit breaker, the first positive contactor and the first negative contactor to be opened through the first control end to the third control end respectively, and outputs a closing signal to control the second positive contactor and the second negative contactor to be closed through the fourth control end and the fifth control end respectively.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the controller includes a first voltage collecting terminal, a second voltage collecting terminal, a first control terminal, a second control terminal, a third control terminal, a fourth control terminal and a fifth control terminal, the first voltage collecting terminal is respectively connected to the positive terminal of the backward diode and one end of the leakage detecting resistor, the second voltage collecting terminal is respectively connected to the other end of the leakage detecting resistor and the train body, the first control terminal is connected to the control terminal of the first circuit breaker, the second control terminal is connected to the control terminal of the first positive contactor, the third control terminal is connected to the control terminal of the first negative contactor, the fourth control terminal is connected to the control terminal of the second positive contactor, the fifth control terminal is connected to the control terminal of the second negative contactor, and the controller collects the leakage detecting resistor through the first voltage collecting terminal and the second voltage collecting terminal When the power grid supplies power to the train, the controller outputs closing signals through the first control end to the third control end respectively to control the first circuit breaker, the first positive contactor and the first negative contactor to be closed, outputs opening signals through the fourth control end and the fifth control end respectively to control the second positive contactor and the second negative contactor to be opened, and outputs opening signals through the first control end to control the first circuit breaker to be opened when the high-voltage positive pole of the train is judged to generate electric leakage; when the vehicle-mounted battery pack supplies power to the train, the controller outputs an opening signal to control the first circuit breaker, the first positive contactor and the first negative contactor to be opened through the first control end to the third control end respectively, and outputs a closing signal to control the second positive contactor and the second negative contactor to be closed through the fourth control end and the fifth control end respectively.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the controller further includes a leakage signal output terminal, a first power terminal and a second power terminal, the first power terminal is connected to a positive pole of the low-voltage power supply of the train, the second power terminal is connected to a negative pole of the low-voltage power supply of the train, the controller is powered by the low-voltage power supply of the train, and when a leakage occurs in the high-voltage positive pole of the train, a leakage protection signal is output to the train through the leakage signal output terminal, so that the train performs a leakage protection action.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the earth leakage protection device further comprises: the insulation detection assembly is connected between the negative electrode of the vehicle-mounted battery pack and the train body, detects insulation impedance between the vehicle-mounted battery pack and the train body in a direct current injection mode and sends the insulation impedance to the controller, so that the controller can give an electric leakage alarm when the insulation impedance is lower than a preset value.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the insulation detection assembly comprises: one end of the first resistor is connected with the negative electrode of the vehicle-mounted battery pack; one end of the second resistor is connected with the train body; a first end of the first change-over switch is connected with the other end of the first resistor; a first end of the first bidirectional power supply is connected with a second end of the first change-over switch, a second end of the first bidirectional power supply is connected with a third end of the first change-over switch, and the third end and the fourth end of the first bidirectional power supply are connected and then connected to the other end of the second resistor; a first voltage detector for detecting a voltage of the first bidirectional power supply; a first current detector for detecting a forward current and a reverse current flowing through the second resistor; the first detection unit is connected with an insulation resistance signal end of the controller and used for calculating insulation impedance between the vehicle-mounted battery pack and the train body according to the voltage of the first bidirectional power supply, the forward current and the reverse current flowing through the second resistor and the resistance values of the first resistor and the second resistor and sending the insulation impedance to the insulation resistance signal end.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the first detection unit calculates the insulation resistance according to the following formula:
Rx＝2*U1/(L1+L2)-r1-r2
wherein Rx is the insulation resistance, U1 is the voltage of the first bi-directional power supply, L1 and L2 are the forward current and the reverse current flowing through the second resistor, respectively, and r1 and r2 are the resistances of the first resistor and the second resistor, respectively.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the insulation detection assembly comprises: one end of the third resistor is connected with the negative electrode of the vehicle-mounted battery pack; one end of the fourth resistor is connected with the train body; a first end of the second change-over switch is connected with the other end of the third resistor; a first end of the second bidirectional power supply is connected with a second end of the second selector switch, a second end of the second bidirectional power supply is connected with a third end of the second selector switch, and a third end of the second bidirectional power supply is connected with a fourth end and then connected to the other end of the second resistor; a second voltage detector for detecting a voltage of the second bidirectional power supply; a third voltage detector for detecting a forward voltage and a reverse voltage across the fourth resistor; and the second detection unit is connected with an insulation resistance signal end of the controller and used for calculating insulation impedance between the vehicle-mounted battery pack and the train body according to the voltage of the second bidirectional power supply, the forward voltage and the reverse voltage at two ends of the fourth resistor and the resistance values of the third resistor and the fourth resistor and sending the insulation impedance to the insulation resistance signal end.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the second detection unit calculates the insulation resistance according to the following formula:
Rx＝2*U2*R2/(U3+U4)-r3-r4
wherein Rx is the insulation resistance, U2 is the voltage of the second bidirectional power supply, U3 and U4 are the forward voltage and the reverse voltage across the fourth resistor, respectively, and r3 and r4 are the resistances of the third resistor and the fourth resistor, respectively.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the train power supply system further includes a DC-DC converter, a first end of the DC-DC converter is connected to the other end of the first positive contactor, a second end of the DC-DC converter is connected to the other end of the first negative contactor, a third end of the DC-DC converter is connected to the positive electrode of the on-board battery pack, and a fourth end of the DC-DC converter is connected to the negative electrode of the on-board battery pack, wherein when the power grid supplies power to the train, the power grid further charges the on-board battery pack through the DC-DC converter.
Further, the invention provides a train power supply system, which comprises the leakage protection device of the train power supply system of the embodiment.
The train power supply system provided by the embodiment of the invention adopts the leakage protection device of the train power supply system, not only can supply power to a train through a power grid, but also can supply power to the train through the vehicle-mounted battery pack, and when the train is supplied with power through the power grid, if the high-voltage positive pole of the train is judged to have leakage according to the current flowing through the leakage detection resistor or the voltages at the two ends of the leakage detection resistor, the first circuit breaker is controlled to be disconnected through the controller, so that the leakage protection of the train is realized, and therefore, the safety and the reliability of the train operation are improved.
Furthermore, the invention provides a train, which comprises the leakage protection device of the train power supply system of the above embodiment.
According to the train provided by the embodiment of the invention, the electric leakage protection device of the train power supply system is adopted, not only can power be supplied through a power grid, but also power can be supplied through the vehicle-mounted battery pack, and when the power is supplied through the power grid, if the high-voltage positive pole of the train is judged to generate electric leakage according to the current flowing through the electric leakage detection resistor or the voltages at the two ends of the electric leakage detection resistor, the first circuit breaker is controlled to be disconnected through the controller, so that the electric leakage protection is realized, and therefore, the safety and the reliability of the.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an earth leakage protection device of a train power supply system according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an earth leakage protection device of a train power supply system according to another embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an earth leakage protection device of a train power supply system according to a first embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an earth leakage protection device of a train power supply system according to a second embodiment of the invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an earth leakage protection device of a train power supply system according to a third embodiment of the invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an earth leakage protection device of a train power supply system according to a specific example of the invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an earth leakage protection device of a train power supply system according to another specific example of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an earth leakage protection device of a train power supply system according to yet another embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 9 is a block diagram of a train power supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a block diagram of a train according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
The following describes a leakage protection device of a train power supply system, and a train according to an embodiment of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
In an embodiment of the invention, the train power supply system comprises a power grid 1 for supplying power to the train, which may be a straddle monorail train, an on-board battery pack 2 for supplying power to the train.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an earth leakage protection device of a train power supply system according to an embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 1, an earth leakage protection device 100 of a train power supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: the device comprises a first circuit breaker HSCB, a first positive contactor KM1, a first negative contactor KF1, a second positive contactor KM2, a second negative contactor KF2 and a first leakage protection assembly 10.
Therein, referring to fig. 1, one end of the first circuit breaker HSCB is connected to the high voltage positive pole a + of the grid 1. One end of the first positive contactor KM1 is connected to the other end of the first breaker HSCB, and the other end of the first positive contactor KM1 is connected to the positive power receiving terminal B + of the train. One end of the first negative contactor KF1 is connected to the high voltage negative a-of the grid 1, and the other end of the first negative contactor KM2 is connected to the powered negative B-of the train. One end of the second positive electrode contactor KM2 is connected with the positive electrode C + of the vehicle-mounted battery pack 2, and the other end of the second positive electrode contactor KM2 is connected with the other end of the first positive electrode contactor KM1 and the power receiving positive electrode terminal B + of the train respectively. One end of the second negative contactor KF2 is connected to the negative electrode C-of the on-vehicle battery pack 2, and the other end of the second negative contactor KF2 is connected to the other end of the first negative contactor KF1 and the power-receiving negative terminal B-of the train, respectively. The first leakage protection assembly 10 comprises a controller 11, a leakage detection resistor R and a backward diode D, wherein the leakage detection resistor R and the backward diode D are connected in series between the train body 3 and the high-voltage negative pole a-of the power grid 1, and the controller 11 is used for collecting current flowing through the leakage detection resistor R or voltage at two ends of the leakage detection resistor R and judging whether leakage occurs at the high-voltage positive pole of the train or not according to the current flowing through the leakage detection resistor R or the voltage at two ends of the leakage detection resistor R.
In one example of the present invention, when the power grid 1 supplies power to the train, the first circuit breaker HSCB, the first positive contactor KM1 and the first negative contactor KF1 are all closed, the second positive contactor KM2 and the second negative contactor KF2 are all opened, and if the high voltage positive pole of the train leaks electricity, the controller 10 controls the first circuit breaker HSCB to be opened.
Specifically, a high-voltage anode a + of the power grid 1 is insulated from the vehicle body, the backward diode D is turned on from the vehicle body 3 to a high-voltage cathode a-of the power grid 1, and is turned off from the high-voltage cathode a-of the power grid 1 to the vehicle body 3, and the controller 11 can supply power by a low-voltage power supply (not shown in the figure) on the train. When the power grid 1 supplies power to the train, the controller 11 controls the first circuit breaker HSCB, the first positive contactor KM1 and the first negative contactor KF1 to be closed, and controls the second positive contactor KM2 and the second negative contactor KF2 to be opened, if the high-voltage positive pole of the train is judged to have electric leakage according to the current flowing through the electric leakage detection resistor R or the voltage at the two ends of the electric leakage detection resistor R, the controller 10 controls the first circuit breaker HSCB to be opened. Therefore, the leakage protection of the train in the power grid power supply mode is realized.
In another example of the present invention, when the on-board battery pack 2 supplies power to the train, the first breaker HSCB, the first positive contactor KM1, and the first negative contactor KF1 are all open, the second positive contactor KM2, and the second negative contactor KF2 are all closed, and insulation is formed between the high-voltage positive pole of the train and the train body 3.
Specifically, when the on-board battery pack 2 supplies power to the train, the controller 11 controls the first breaker HSCB, the first positive contactor KM1 and the first negative contactor KF1 to be all open, and controls the second positive contactor KM2 and the second negative contactor KF2 to be all closed, so that insulation is formed between the high-voltage positive pole of the train and the train body 3, and thus, the power supply of the train through the on-board battery pack is realized.
It should be noted that a second circuit breaker may be connected between the positive electrode C + of the on-board battery pack 2 and the second positive electrode contactor KM2, and a second leakage protection assembly may be connected between the train body 3 and the negative electrode C-of the on-board battery pack 2. When the vehicle-mounted battery pack 2 supplies power to the train, if the second leakage protection component detects that the high-voltage positive pole of the train leaks electricity, a corresponding leakage signal is output. The controller 11 receives the leakage signal and controls the second circuit breaker to open. Therefore, the leakage protection of the train in the battery power supply mode is realized. The circuit structure of the second earth leakage protection component and the circuit structure of the first earth leakage protection component 10 may be the same, and the first earth leakage protection component 10 and the second earth leakage protection component may share the controller 11.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 2, the first earth leakage protection assembly 10 further comprises a ground switch QS connected between the high voltage negative pole a-of the power grid 1 and the negative terminal of the backward diode D. The grounding switch QS is a normally closed switch to avoid misoperation of the circuit breaker and/or the contactor.
In some examples of the present invention, referring to fig. 3, the controller 11 includes a current collecting terminal a, a first control terminal b1, a second control terminal b2, a third control terminal b3, a fourth control terminal b4 and a fifth control terminal b5, the current collecting terminal a is connected to the positive terminal of the backward diode D and one terminal of the leakage detecting resistor R, respectively, the other terminal of the leakage detecting resistor R is connected to the train body 3, the first control terminal b1 is connected to the control terminal c1 of the first circuit breaker HSCB, the second control terminal b2 is connected to the control terminal c2 of the first positive contactor KM1, the third control terminal b3 is connected to the control terminal c3 of the first negative contactor KF1, the fourth control terminal b4 is connected to the control terminal c4 of the second positive contactor KM2, the fifth control terminal b5 is connected to the control terminal 5 of the second negative contactor KF2, and the controller 11 passes through the current collecting terminal R of the leakage detecting resistor R, and when the current flowing through the leakage detection resistor R is larger than the preset current, the occurrence of leakage of the high-voltage positive pole of the train is judged.
When the power grid 1 supplies power to the train, the controller 11 outputs closing signals through the first control end b1 to the third control end b3 to control the first circuit breaker HSCB, the first positive contactor KM1 and the first negative contactor KF1 to be closed, outputs opening signals through the fourth control end b4 and the fifth control end b5 to control the second positive contactor KM2 and the second negative contactor KF2 to be opened, and outputs opening signals through the first control end b1 to control the first circuit breaker HSCB to be opened when it is judged that the high-voltage positive pole of the train has electric leakage; when the on-board battery pack 2 supplies power to the train, the controller 11 outputs an open signal through the first control terminal b1 to the third control terminal b3 to control the first circuit breaker HSCB, the first positive contactor KM1 and the first negative contactor KF1 to be all open, and outputs a close signal through the fourth control terminal b4 and the fifth control terminal b5 to control the second positive contactor KM2 and the second negative contactor KF2 to be all closed.
Therefore, when the power is supplied to the train through the power grid, whether the electric leakage occurs to the high-voltage positive pole of the train is judged according to the current flowing through the electric leakage detection resistor R, and the first circuit breaker is controlled to be disconnected when the electric leakage occurs to the high-voltage positive pole of the train, so that the electric leakage protection of the train is realized. Meanwhile, when the power grid can not supply power to the train, the train can be supplied with power through the vehicle-mounted battery pack, and therefore the safety and reliability of train operation are improved.
In another embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 4, the controller 11 includes a first voltage collecting terminal m1, a second voltage collecting terminal m2, a first control terminal n1, a second control terminal n2, a third control terminal n3, a fourth control terminal n4 and a fifth control terminal n5, the first voltage collecting terminal m1 is respectively connected to the positive terminal of the backward diode D and one terminal of the leakage detection resistor R, the second voltage collecting terminal m2 is respectively connected to the other terminal of the leakage detection resistor R and the train body 3, the first control terminal n1 is connected to the control terminal c1 of the first circuit breaker HSCB, the second control terminal n2 is connected to the control terminal c2 of the first positive contactor KM1, the third control terminal n3 is connected to the control terminal c3 of the first negative contactor KF1, the fourth control terminal n4 is connected to the control terminal c 53 of the second positive contactor 82km 56, the fifth control terminal n5 is connected to the control terminal c 8626 of the second leakage detection terminal 2, and the second leakage detection terminal n 8658 is connected to the second leakage detection terminal 1R 867 And the voltage at the two ends of the leakage detection resistor R is greater than the preset voltage, and the occurrence of leakage of the high-voltage positive pole of the train is judged.
When the power grid 1 supplies power to the train, the controller 11 outputs closing signals through a first control end n1 to a third control end n3 respectively to control the first circuit breaker HSCB, the first positive contactor KM1 and the first negative contactor KF1 to be closed, outputs opening signals through a fourth control end n4 and a fifth control end n5 respectively to control the second positive contactor KM2 and the second negative contactor KF2 to be opened, and outputs opening signals through the first control end n1 to control the first circuit breaker HSCB to be opened when it is judged that the high-voltage positive pole of the train has electric leakage; when the on-board battery pack 2 supplies power to the train, the controller 11 outputs an open signal through the first control terminal n1 to the third control terminal n3 to control the first circuit breaker HSCB, the first positive contactor KM1 and the first negative contactor KF1 to be all open, and outputs a close signal through the fourth control terminal n4 and the fifth control terminal n5 to control the second positive contactor KM2 and the second negative contactor KF2 to be all closed.
Therefore, when the power is supplied to the train through the power grid, whether the high-voltage positive pole of the train leaks electricity or not is judged according to the voltages at the two ends of the electric leakage detection resistor R, and the first circuit breaker is controlled to be disconnected when the high-voltage positive pole of the train leaks electricity, so that the electric leakage protection of the train is realized. Meanwhile, when the power grid can not supply power to the train, the train can be supplied with power through the vehicle-mounted battery pack, and therefore the safety and reliability of train operation are improved.
In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, the controller 11 further includes a leakage signal output terminal D, a first power terminal e1 and a second power terminal e2, the first power terminal e1 is connected to the positive pole D + of the low-voltage power source of the train, the second power terminal e2 is connected to the negative pole D-of the low-voltage power source of the train, the controller 11 is powered by the low-voltage power source of the train, and when the high-voltage positive pole of the train leaks electricity, a leakage protection signal is output to the train through the leakage signal output terminal, so that the train performs a leakage protection action.
Further, as shown in fig. 5, the earth leakage protection device 100 may further include an insulation detection assembly 20. The insulation detection assembly 20 is connected between the cathode C-of the vehicle-mounted battery pack 2 and the train body 3, the insulation detection assembly 20 detects the insulation impedance between the vehicle-mounted battery pack 2 and the train body 3 in a direct current injection mode, and sends the insulation impedance to the controller 11, so that the controller 11 can give an electric leakage alarm when the insulation impedance is lower than a preset value.
In some examples of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6, the insulation detecting assembly 20 includes a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a first switch S1, a first bi-directional power source V1, a first voltage detector 21, a first current detector 22, and a first detecting unit 23.
Wherein, referring to fig. 6, one end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the negative electrode C-of the on-vehicle battery pack 2; one end of the second resistor R2 is connected with the train body 3; a first terminal of the first switch S1 is connected to the other terminal of the first resistor R1; a first end of a first bidirectional power supply V1 is connected with a second end of the first switch S1, a second end of the first bidirectional power supply V1 is connected with a third end of the first switch S1, and a third end of the first bidirectional power supply V1 is connected with a fourth end and then connected with the other end of the second resistor R2; the first voltage detector 21 is configured to detect a voltage of the first bidirectional power supply V1; the first current detector 22 is configured to detect a forward current and a reverse current flowing through the second resistor R2; the first detecting unit 23 is connected to the insulation resistance signal terminal g of the controller 11, and the first detecting unit 23 is configured to calculate an insulation resistance between the on-vehicle battery pack 2 and the train body 3 based on the voltage of the first bidirectional power source V1, the forward current and the reverse current flowing through the second resistor R2, and the resistance values of the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2, and transmit the insulation resistance to the insulation resistance signal terminal g.
Specifically, the first detection unit 23 may calculate the insulation resistance according to the following formula (1):
Rx＝2*U1/(L1+L2)-r1-r2 (1)
wherein Rx is an insulation resistance, U1 is a voltage of the first bidirectional power source V1, L1 and L2 are respectively a forward current and a reverse current flowing through the second resistor R2, and R1 and R2 are respectively resistance values of the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2.
Further, the controller 11 may perform an electric leakage alarm when the insulation resistance between the on-vehicle battery pack 2 and the train body 3 is lower than a preset value. For example, a buzzer may be provided in the earth leakage protection device, and the controller 11 may alarm the earth leakage by controlling the buzzer to emit a beep sound.
In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 7, the insulation detecting assembly 20 includes: a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a second switch S2, a second bidirectional power supply V2, a second voltage detector 24, a third voltage detector 25, and a second detection unit 26.
One end of the third resistor R3 is connected with the negative pole C-of the vehicle-mounted battery pack 2; one end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected with the train body 3; a first end of the second switch S2 is connected to the other end of the third resistor R3; a first end of a second bidirectional power supply V2 is connected with a second end of the second switch S2, a second end of the second bidirectional power supply V2 is connected with a third end of the second switch S2, and a third end and a fourth end of the second bidirectional power supply V2 are connected with each other and then connected with the other end of the second resistor R2; the second voltage detector 24 is used for detecting the voltage of the second bidirectional power supply V2; the third voltage detector 25 is configured to detect a forward voltage and a reverse voltage across the fourth resistor R4; the second detecting unit 26 is connected to the insulation resistance signal terminal g of the controller 11, and the second detecting unit 26 is configured to calculate the insulation resistance between the on-vehicle battery pack 2 and the train body 3 based on the voltage of the second bidirectional power source V2, the forward voltage and the reverse voltage across the fourth resistor R4, and the resistance values of the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4, and transmit the insulation resistance to the insulation resistance signal terminal g.
Specifically, the second detection unit 26 may calculate the insulation resistance according to the following formula (2):
Rx＝2*U2*R2/(U3+U4)-r3-r4 (2)
wherein Rx is an insulation resistance, U2 is a voltage of the second bidirectional power supply V2, U3 and U4 are forward voltage and reverse voltage at two ends of the fourth resistor R4, respectively, and R3 and R4 are resistance values of the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4, respectively.
Further, when the insulation resistance between the on-vehicle battery pack 2 and the train body 3 is lower than a predetermined value, the controller 11 may control the buzzer to generate a beep sound to alarm for electrical leakage.
In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 8, the train power supply system 1000 further includes a DC-DC converter 4, a first end of the DC-DC converter 4 is connected to the other end of the first positive contactor KM1, a second end of the DC-DC converter 4 is connected to the other end of the first negative contactor KF1, a third end of the DC-DC converter 4 is connected to the positive electrode C + of the on-board battery pack 2, and a fourth end of the DC-DC converter 4 is connected to the negative electrode C-of the on-board battery pack 2, wherein the first end and the second end of the DC-DC converter 4 are input ends, the third end and the fourth end are output ends, the input ends and the output ends are isolated from each other, and when the power grid 1 supplies power to the train, the grid 1 further charges the on-board battery pack 2 through the DC-.
It should be noted that the structure of the earth leakage protection device of the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to fig. 1-8, for example, when the controller 11 adopts the structure shown in fig. 6, the insulation detection assembly 30 can also adopt the structure shown in fig. 7; similarly, when the controller 11 adopts the structure shown in fig. 7, the insulation detecting unit 30 may also adopt the structure shown in fig. 6, and so on.
In summary, according to the leakage protection device of the train power supply system in the embodiment of the invention, not only can the train be supplied with power through the power grid, but also the train can be supplied with power through the vehicle-mounted battery pack, and when the train is supplied with power through the power grid, if the high-voltage positive pole of the train is judged to have leakage according to the current flowing through the leakage detection resistor or the voltages at the two ends of the leakage detection resistor, the first circuit breaker is controlled to be disconnected through the controller, so that the leakage protection of the train is realized, and therefore, the safety and the reliability of the train operation are improved.
Fig. 9 is a block diagram of a train power supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 9, the train power supply system includes the earth leakage protection device 100 of the train power supply system of the above embodiment.
By adopting the electric leakage protection device, the train can be supplied with power through the power grid, the train can also be supplied with power through the vehicle-mounted battery pack, and when the train is supplied with power through the power grid, if the high-voltage positive pole of the train is judged to have electric leakage according to the current flowing through the electric leakage detection resistor or the voltages at the two ends of the electric leakage detection resistor, the first circuit breaker is controlled to be disconnected through the controller, so that the electric leakage protection of the train is realized, and therefore, the safety and the reliability of the train operation are improved.
Fig. 10 is a block diagram of a train according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 10, the train 2000 includes the earth leakage protection device 100 of the train power supply system according to the above embodiment.
The train provided by the embodiment of the invention can be supplied with power through a power grid and also can be supplied with power through the vehicle-mounted battery pack by adopting the leakage protection device, and when the power is supplied through the power grid, if the leakage of the high-voltage anode of the train is judged according to the current flowing through the leakage detection resistor or the voltages at the two ends of the leakage detection resistor, the controller controls the first circuit breaker to be disconnected so as to realize the leakage protection of the train, so that the safety and the reliability of the operation of the train are improved.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting of the invention.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (14)
1. The utility model provides a train power supply system's earth leakage protection device, its characterized in that, train power supply system includes the electric wire netting that is used for supplying power for the train, is used for the on-vehicle group battery of supplying power for the train, earth leakage protection device includes:
one end of the first circuit breaker is connected with a high-voltage positive pole of the power grid;
one end of the first positive contactor is connected with the other end of the first circuit breaker, and the other end of the first positive contactor is connected to a power receiving positive end of the train;
one end of the first negative contactor is connected with a high-voltage negative pole of the power grid, and the other end of the first negative contactor is connected to a power receiving negative pole end of the train;
one end of the second positive contactor is connected with the positive electrode of the vehicle-mounted battery pack, and the other end of the second positive contactor is respectively connected with the other end of the first positive contactor and the power receiving positive end of the train;
one end of the second negative contactor is connected with the negative electrode of the vehicle-mounted battery pack, and the other end of the second negative contactor is respectively connected with the other end of the first negative contactor and the power receiving negative end of the train;
the first leakage protection component comprises a controller, a leakage detection resistor and a backward diode, wherein the leakage detection resistor and the backward diode are connected between a train body and a high-voltage negative electrode of the power grid in series, the controller is used for collecting current flowing through the leakage detection resistor or voltage at two ends of the leakage detection resistor and judging whether leakage occurs at a high-voltage positive electrode of the train or not according to the current flowing through the leakage detection resistor or the voltage at two ends of the leakage detection resistor, wherein,
when the electric wire netting gives during the train power supply, first circuit breaker first positive contactor with first negative pole contactor is all closed, second positive contactor with second negative pole contactor is all disconnected, if the anodal electric leakage that takes place of high pressure of train, the controller then controls first circuit breaker disconnection.
2. An earth leakage protection device of a train power supply system according to claim 1, wherein when the on-board battery pack supplies power to the train, the first circuit breaker, the first positive contactor and the first negative contactor are all open, the second positive contactor and the second negative contactor are all closed, and insulation is formed between a high-voltage positive pole of the train and the train body.
3. A leakage protection device for a train power supply system according to claim 1, wherein the first leakage protection assembly further comprises a grounding switch connected between a high voltage negative terminal of the power grid and a negative terminal of the backward diode.
4. The earth leakage protection device of a train power supply system according to claim 2, wherein the controller includes a current collection terminal, a first control terminal, a second control terminal, a third control terminal, a fourth control terminal and a fifth control terminal, the current collection terminal is connected to the positive terminal of the backward diode and one terminal of the earth leakage detection resistor, respectively, the other terminal of the earth leakage detection resistor is connected to the train body, the first control terminal is connected to the control terminal of the first circuit breaker, the second control terminal is connected to the control terminal of the first positive contactor, the third control terminal is connected to the control terminal of the first negative contactor, the fourth control terminal is connected to the control terminal of the second positive contactor, the fifth control terminal is connected to the control terminal of the second negative contactor, the controller collects the current flowing through the earth leakage detection resistor through the current collection terminal, and judging that the high-voltage positive pole of the train leaks electricity when the current flowing through the electric leakage detection resistor is larger than the preset current, wherein,
when the power grid supplies power to the train, the controller outputs closing signals through the first control end to the third control end respectively to control the first circuit breaker, the first positive contactor and the first negative contactor to be closed, outputs opening signals through the fourth control end and the fifth control end respectively to control the second positive contactor and the second negative contactor to be opened, and outputs opening signals through the first control end to control the first circuit breaker to be opened when the high-voltage positive pole of the train is judged to have electric leakage;
when the vehicle-mounted battery pack supplies power to the train, the controller outputs an opening signal to control the first circuit breaker, the first positive contactor and the first negative contactor to be opened through the first control end to the third control end respectively, and outputs a closing signal to control the second positive contactor and the second negative contactor to be closed through the fourth control end and the fifth control end respectively.
5. The earth leakage protection device of a train power supply system according to claim 2, wherein the controller comprises a first voltage collecting terminal, a second voltage collecting terminal, a first control terminal, a second control terminal, a third control terminal, a fourth control terminal and a fifth control terminal, the first voltage collecting terminal is connected to the positive terminal of the backward diode and one terminal of the leakage detecting resistor, the second voltage collecting terminal is connected to the other terminal of the leakage detecting resistor and the train body, the first control terminal is connected to the control terminal of the first circuit breaker, the second control terminal is connected to the control terminal of the first positive contactor, the third control terminal is connected to the control terminal of the first negative contactor, the fourth control terminal is connected to the control terminal of the second positive contactor, and the fifth control terminal is connected to the control terminal of the second negative contactor, the controller collects the voltages at the two ends of the leakage detection resistor through the first voltage collection end and the second voltage collection end, and judges that the high-voltage anode of the train leaks electricity when the voltage at the two ends of the leakage detection resistor is greater than a preset voltage, wherein,
when the power grid supplies power to the train, the controller outputs closing signals through the first control end to the third control end respectively to control the first circuit breaker, the first positive contactor and the first negative contactor to be closed, outputs opening signals through the fourth control end and the fifth control end respectively to control the second positive contactor and the second negative contactor to be opened, and outputs opening signals through the first control end to control the first circuit breaker to be opened when the high-voltage positive pole of the train is judged to have electric leakage;
when the vehicle-mounted battery pack supplies power to the train, the controller outputs an opening signal to control the first circuit breaker, the first positive contactor and the first negative contactor to be opened through the first control end to the third control end respectively, and outputs a closing signal to control the second positive contactor and the second negative contactor to be closed through the fourth control end and the fifth control end respectively.
6. A leakage protection device for a train power supply system according to claim 4 or 5, wherein said controller further comprises a leakage signal output terminal, a first power terminal and a second power terminal, said first power terminal is connected to a positive pole of a train low-voltage power supply, said second power terminal is connected to a negative pole of the train low-voltage power supply, said controller is powered by the train low-voltage power supply, and outputs a leakage protection signal to the train through said leakage signal output terminal when leakage occurs in a positive high-voltage pole of said train, so as to make said train perform a leakage protection action.
7. A leakage protection device for a train power supply system according to claim 6, further comprising:
the insulation detection assembly is connected between the negative electrode of the vehicle-mounted battery pack and the train body, detects insulation impedance between the vehicle-mounted battery pack and the train body in a direct current injection mode and sends the insulation impedance to the controller, so that the controller can give an electric leakage alarm when the insulation impedance is lower than a preset value.
8. A leakage protection device for a train power supply system according to claim 7, wherein the insulation detection unit comprises:
one end of the first resistor is connected with the negative electrode of the vehicle-mounted battery pack;
one end of the second resistor is connected with the train body;
a first end of the first change-over switch is connected with the other end of the first resistor;
a first end of the first bidirectional power supply is connected with a second end of the first change-over switch, a second end of the first bidirectional power supply is connected with a third end of the first change-over switch, and the third end and the fourth end of the first bidirectional power supply are connected and then connected to the other end of the second resistor;
a first voltage detector for detecting a voltage of the first bidirectional power supply;
a first current detector for detecting a forward current and a reverse current flowing through the second resistor;
the first detection unit is connected with an insulation resistance signal end of the controller and used for calculating insulation impedance between the vehicle-mounted battery pack and the train body according to the voltage of the first bidirectional power supply, the forward current and the reverse current flowing through the second resistor and the resistance values of the first resistor and the second resistor and sending the insulation impedance to the insulation resistance signal end.
9. A leakage protection device for a train power supply system according to claim 8, wherein the first detecting unit calculates the insulation resistance according to the following formula:
Rx＝2*U1/(L1+L2)-r1-r2
wherein Rx is the insulation resistance, U1 is the voltage of the first bi-directional power supply, L1 and L2 are the forward current and the reverse current flowing through the second resistor, respectively, and r1 and r2 are the resistances of the first resistor and the second resistor, respectively.
10. A leakage protection device for a train power supply system according to claim 7, wherein the insulation detection unit comprises:
one end of the third resistor is connected with the negative electrode of the vehicle-mounted battery pack;
one end of the fourth resistor is connected with the train body;
a first end of the second change-over switch is connected with the other end of the third resistor;
a first end of the second bidirectional power supply is connected with a second end of the second selector switch, a second end of the second bidirectional power supply is connected with a third end of the second selector switch, and a third end of the second bidirectional power supply is connected with a fourth end and then connected to the other end of the fourth resistor;
a second voltage detector for detecting a voltage of the second bidirectional power supply;
a third voltage detector for detecting a forward voltage and a reverse voltage across the fourth resistor;
and the second detection unit is connected with an insulation resistance signal end of the controller and used for calculating insulation impedance between the vehicle-mounted battery pack and the train body according to the voltage of the second bidirectional power supply, the forward voltage and the reverse voltage at two ends of the fourth resistor and the resistance values of the third resistor and the fourth resistor and sending the insulation impedance to the insulation resistance signal end.
11. A leakage protection device for a train power supply system according to claim 10, wherein the second detection unit calculates the insulation resistance according to the following formula:
Rx＝2*U2*r4/(U3+U4)-r3-r4
wherein Rx is the insulation resistance, U2 is the voltage of the second bidirectional power supply, U3 and U4 are the forward voltage and the reverse voltage across the fourth resistor, respectively, and r3 and r4 are the resistances of the third resistor and the fourth resistor, respectively.
12. The earth leakage protection device of a train power supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the train power supply system is characterized by further comprising a DC-DC converter, wherein the first end of the DC-DC converter is connected with the other end of the first positive contactor, the second end of the DC-DC converter is connected with the other end of the first negative contactor, the third end of the DC-DC converter is connected with the anode of the vehicle-mounted battery pack, the fourth end of the DC-DC converter is connected with the cathode of the vehicle-mounted battery pack, wherein the first terminal and the second terminal of the DC-DC converter are input terminals, the third terminal and the fourth terminal are output terminals, the input terminals and the output terminals are isolated from each other, when the power grid supplies power to the train, the power grid also charges the on-board battery pack through the DC-DC converter.
13. A train power supply system characterized by comprising the earth leakage protection device of the train power supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 12.
14. A train comprising a residual current device of a train power supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 12.
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| CN113625021B (en) * | 2020-05-06 | 2022-10-18 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Protection device, method and equipment for electric leakage detection resistor |
| CN112904165B (en) * | 2021-01-20 | 2022-10-28 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | Train insulation detection system and direct current power supply train |
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