CN109244638B - Antenna device and wearable equipment - Google Patents
Antenna device and wearable equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN109244638B CN109244638B CN201811120803.5A CN201811120803A CN109244638B CN 109244638 B CN109244638 B CN 109244638B CN 201811120803 A CN201811120803 A CN 201811120803A CN 109244638 B CN109244638 B CN 109244638B
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- metal layer
- antenna device
- wearable device
- excitation branch
- circuit board
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
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- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04R—RADIO-CONTROLLED TIME-PIECES
- G04R60/00—Constructional details
- G04R60/06—Antennas attached to or integrated in clock or watch bodies
- G04R60/10—Antennas attached to or integrated in clock or watch bodies inside cases
- G04R60/12—Antennas attached to or integrated in clock or watch bodies inside cases inside metal cases
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/44—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas using equipment having another main function to serve additionally as an antenna, e.g. means for giving an antenna an aesthetic aspect
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Support Of Aerials (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides an antenna device and a wearable equipment, includes: the first metal layer, the second metal layer and the feed excitation branch section; the first metal layer and the second metal layer are arranged in a laminated mode, and a first gap is formed between the first metal layer and the second metal layer; the first metal layer is in conductive connection with the second metal layer; the feed excitation branch node, the first metal layer and the second metal layer are provided with preset gaps and are insulated from the first metal layer and the second metal layer. By adopting the antenna device provided by the application, the radiation intensity of the radiator formed by the feed excitation branch of the first metal layer and the second metal layer in the direction which is generally vertical to the extension direction of the first metal layer and the second metal layer is originally smaller than the radiation intensity in other directions. When the antenna device is applied to wearable equipment and the first metal layer and the second metal layer are approximately parallel to the body surface of a user, the radiation energy of the antenna device to the body direction of the user is small, the loss of the body of the user to electromagnetic wave energy is avoided, and the utilization efficiency of electromagnetic radiation is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of electromagnetic radiation technology, and in particular to an antenna device; the application also relates to a wearable device adopting the antenna device.
Background
A communication module is installed in some wearable devices, so that the communication module is utilized to realize wireless transmission of information; for example, some smartwatches have a communications module installed therein for receiving and transmitting location information to communicate with a satellite positioning system to determine its location.
In practical applications, wearable devices such as smartwatches are worn in a manner that is directly attached to the human body. And because the human body is a good conductor, the electromagnetic wave absorption and loss effects are achieved. The existing antenna applied to wearable equipment is an antenna of equipment such as a smart phone, and the antenna has the characteristics of generally similar radiation in all directions; and because human body to the absorption characteristic of electromagnetic wave, can be to the lossy effect of electromagnetic wave energy when the user wears wearable equipment, reduce the performance of antenna.
Disclosure of Invention
The present application provides an antenna device and a wearable device using the same, so as to solve at least some of the technical problems mentioned in the background.
The application provides an antenna device, includes: the first metal layer, the second metal layer and the feed excitation branch section;
the first metal layer and the second metal layer are arranged in a laminated mode, and a first gap is formed between the first metal layer and the second metal layer; the first metal layer and the second metal layer are in conductive connection;
the feed excitation branch node, the first metal layer and the second metal layer are provided with preset gaps and are insulated from the first metal layer and the second metal layer.
Optionally, at least a partial region of the feeding excitation branch is located in the forward projection region of the first metal layer.
Optionally, the feed excitation branch node is located outside the orthographic projection area of the second metal layer.
Optionally, the second metal layer is a circuit board; the surface and/or the inside of the circuit board is provided with a conductive layer or a conductive circuit.
Optionally, the antenna device includes a support made of an insulating material;
the feed excitation branch node is fixed on the side of the circuit board through the bracket.
Optionally, a grounding spring pin is arranged between the first metal layer and the second metal layer;
the number of the grounding elastic feet is at least one.
Optionally, the thickness of the first gap is greater than or equal to 1.0 mm.
A wearable device is provided comprising a radio frequency transmission circuit and an antenna arrangement as described above;
the radio frequency transmitting circuit is directly and electrically connected with the feed excitation branch section;
the antenna arrangement is disposed at a first location in the wearable device; at the first position, the radiation intensity of the antenna device at the side, attached to the body of the user, of the wearable device is smaller than the radiation intensity at the side, where the wearable device is arranged, of the antenna device.
Optionally, the housing of the wearable device comprises a metal shell portion;
the first metal layer is the metal shell portion.
Optionally, the metal shell part is a rear shell of the wearable device;
the housing further includes an insulative housing portion directly connected to the rear housing.
By adopting the antenna device provided by the application, the radiation intensity of the radiator formed by the feed excitation branch of the first metal layer and the second metal layer in the direction which is generally vertical to the extension direction of the first metal layer and the second metal layer is originally smaller than the radiation intensity in other directions. When the antenna device is applied to wearable equipment, and the first metal layer and the second metal layer are approximately parallel to the body surface of a user, the radiation energy of the antenna device to the body direction of the user is small, the loss of the body of the user to electromagnetic wave energy is avoided, and the utilization efficiency of electromagnetic radiation is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a portion of a component of a wearable device provided in accordance with an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a side view of a portion of a component of a wearable device provided in accordance with an embodiment;
fig. 3 is an antenna pattern of an antenna device in a wearable device provided by an embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a resonant state of an antenna device in a wearable device according to an embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a graph of radiation efficiency of an antenna device in a wearable device provided by an embodiment;
wherein: 11-rear shell, 12-circuit board, 13-feed excitation branch, 14-first gap, 15-grounding spring pin and 16-antenna spring.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the relevant invention and not restrictive of the invention. It should be noted that, for convenience of description, only the portions related to the related invention are shown in the drawings.
The present invention provides an antenna device including a first metal layer, a second metal layer, and a feed excitation branch.
The first metal layer and the second metal layer are arranged in a laminated mode, and a first gap is formed between the first metal layer and the second metal layer; besides the gap, the first metal layer and the second metal layer are also in conductive connection.
The feeding excitation branch node and the first metal layer and the second metal layer are provided with preset gaps, and the feeding excitation branch node and the first metal layer and the second metal layer are arranged in an insulated mode.
In the specific embodiment of the application, the feed excitation branch section is used for being in conductive connection with the radio frequency device. Under the condition that the radio frequency device sends a radio frequency signal to the feed excitation branch node, the first metal layer and the second metal layer form a radiator to convert the radio frequency signal into electromagnetic wave radiation to the environment.
The radiator formed by the three parts has less radiation energy in the direction which is generally vertical to the first metal layer and the second metal layer, and has larger radiation energy in the direction which is generally parallel to the first metal layer and the second metal layer. When the antenna device is applied to wearable equipment, and the first metal layer and the second metal layer are approximately parallel to the body surface of a user, the radiation energy of the antenna device to the body direction of the user is small, the loss of the body of the user to electromagnetic wave energy is avoided, and the utilization efficiency of electromagnetic radiation is improved.
In the following, a specific structure of the antenna device is described, and other possible variations of the antenna device are discussed on the basis of a specific antenna device.
Fig. 1 is a front view of a part of a component in a wearable device provided in an embodiment, and fig. 2 is a side view of the part of the component in the wearable device provided in the embodiment. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the wearable device provided by the embodiment of the present application includes a housing, a circuit board 12, and a feeding excitation branch 13.
Wherein the housing comprises a rear shell 11 made of a metal material and other housing parts made of an insulating material. The aforementioned rear shell 11 may be in direct contact with the body surface of the user after the user wears the wearable device. The circuit board 12 and the feed excitation branch 13 are mounted in an internal cavity formed by the housing.
In the embodiment provided by the present application, the rear case 11 is multiplexed as a first metal layer of the antenna device, the circuit board 12 is multiplexed as a second metal layer of the antenna device, and the two layers are stacked to form the first gap 14 therebetween. A bracket is provided on the circuit board 12, and the power feeding excitation branch 13 is fixed to the bracket to form a predetermined gap between the rear case 11 and the circuit board 12.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the bracket is disposed beside the circuit board 12, so that the feeding excitation branch 13 is also disposed beside the circuit board 12 (i.e., the feeding excitation branch 13 is disposed outside the orthographic projection range of the circuit board 12). In addition, a substantial part of the antenna excitation branch is disposed within the forward projection area of the rear case 11 (that is, if the feeding excitation branch 13 is moved in a direction perpendicular to the rear case 11, the feeding excitation branch 13 may contact the rear case 11).
In addition, in the present embodiment, the rear case 11 and the circuit board 12 are supported by a grounding spring 15, and the grounding spring 15 electrically connects the rear case 11 and the circuit board 12.
In an embodiment, the antenna device applied to the wearable device is mainly used for communicating with a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) and determining geographic location information of the wearable device, and therefore an operating frequency band of the antenna device is set according to the operating frequency band of the GNSS.
Fig. 3 is an antenna pattern of an antenna device in a wearable device provided by an embodiment; after applying a radio frequency signal to the feed excitation branch 13 in the antenna device, the antenna device forms an antenna pattern as shown in fig. 3. In this embodiment, the far field radiation shape cross section formed by the antenna device in free space is substantially gourd-shaped (and the two gourd dimensions of the arc-shaped structure do not differ much), and the far field radiation intensity of the antenna device is much smaller relative to the other directions at the rear shell 11 side and the front side of the wearable device.
I.e. at least in the direction of fitting against the body of the user, the intensity of the electromagnetic radiation generated by the antenna device is relatively small, reflecting that the radiation energy of the antenna device in this direction is small. In the case of a smaller amount of radiated energy, the proportion of the radiated energy absorbed by the body of the user is smaller, so that the energy loss of the antenna device is correspondingly reduced.
In the foregoing embodiment, the circuit board 12 of the wearable device is multiplexed as a metal layer in the antenna apparatus. The circuit board 12 is mostly a printed circuit board 12, and a large number of printed circuits are printed on the surface or inside of the circuit board 12; the size and distance between the printed circuits are much smaller than the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave in microwave communication, so the circuit board 12 can be directly regarded as the second metal layer.
That is, the present embodiment expands the meaning of the second metal layer, and the circuit board 12 may also be considered as the second metal layer. Of course, in other embodiments, a dedicated metal layer may be provided as the aforementioned second metal layer, instead of multiplexing the circuit board 12 of the wearable device.
As mentioned above, in the present embodiment, the back shell 11 of the wearable device is multiplexed into the first metal layer. In other embodiments, in the case that the rear housing 11 is made of a non-metal material, a metal sheet layer may be specially disposed in the wearable device as the first metal layer. For example, in some embodiments, a specialized metal sheet may be provided as the first metal layer inside the wearable device; in other embodiments, in the case that the rear case 11 is a non-metal material, a metal coating layer may be coated on the rear case 11 as the first metal layer. Of course, the aforementioned first metal layer is not limited to being the metal back shell 11 of the wearable device; as shown in fig. 3, with a metal front shell, the metal front shell of the wearable device can also be multiplexed to the aforementioned first metal layer.
As mentioned earlier, in the wearable device described in the present application, the feed excitation stub 13 is provided within the forward projection area of the housing and alongside the circuit board 12. In other embodiments, the feeding excitation branch 13 may be disposed between the housing and the circuit board 12, or the feeding excitation branch 13 may be disposed outside the orthographic projection area of the first metal layer; when the feed excitation branch 13 is disposed at other positions as described in this paragraph, the antenna pattern of the entire antenna device may be changed correspondingly, but may still generally assume the shape as shown in fig. 3.
With continued reference to fig. 2, in the wearable device provided by the present application, a plurality of grounding spring pins 15 are disposed between the rear shell 11 and the circuit board 12. The grounding spring leg 15 may serve to support the rear case 11 and the circuit board 12, ensure the stability of the distance between the rear case 11 and the circuit board 12, and adjust the resonant frequency of the antenna, in addition to electrically connecting the rear case 11 and the circuit board 12.
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a resonant state of an antenna device in a wearable device according to an embodiment; as shown in fig. 4, in the wearable device described above, by appropriately setting the sizes of the rear case 11, the circuit board 12, and the feed excitation branch 13, and by appropriately setting the number of the ground spring pins 15, the resonance characteristic of the antenna device substantially coincides with the resonance characteristic in free space when the wearable device is worn.
As shown in fig. 2, in the foregoing embodiment, the number of the ground spring pins 15 connecting the rear case 11 and the circuit board 12 is plural; in other embodiments, the number of the grounding spring pins 15 connecting the rear case 11 and the circuit board 12 may be only one.
As already mentioned above, a first gap 14 is provided between the rear housing 11 and the circuit board 12, and this first gap 14 has the following effect: so that the back cover 11 and the circuit board 12 are formed as two relatively independent parts so that both can form a specific radiation characteristic. In practical implementation, in order to avoid parasitic capacitance caused by too close distance between the rear housing 11 and the circuit board 12, the thickness of the first gap 14 should be as large as possible, and in practical application, the thickness of the first gap 14 may be above 1.0 mm.
In addition to providing the antenna device, embodiments of the present application also provide a wearable device using the antenna device. The wearable device comprises a radio frequency transmission circuit and an antenna arrangement as described above.
The radio frequency transmitting circuit is electrically connected with a feed point excitation branch section in the antenna device; the radio frequency signal generated by the radio frequency transmitting circuit can be radiated into the environment through the antenna device; and, the antenna device is provided at a location of the wearable device; in the first position, the radiation intensity of the antenna device, which is applied to the body side of the user, is less than the radiation intensity of the antenna device, which is applied to the peripheral side of the wearable device.
As shown in fig. 2, in some embodiments, the aforementioned first and second metal layers may be parallel to a surface of the wearable device that directly conforms to the user's body; it should be noted that the first metal layer and the second metal layer mentioned herein are parallel to the wearable device and directly fit to the body of the user, and specifically, the first metal layer and the second metal layer have a smaller angle with the surface of the wearable device that fits to the body of the user, so that the area with larger radiation intensity of the antenna device is not directed toward the body of the user.
As mentioned above, the housing of the wearable device may include a metal shell, and the first metal layer is a metal shell; furthermore, in order to make the wearable device more beautiful, the metal shell may be a rear shell 11 of the wearable device, and correspondingly, the housing is an insulating shell directly connected to the rear shell 11.
As previously mentioned, in some embodiments, the circuit board 12 of the wearable device may be multiplexed into the aforementioned second metal layer.
In a specific application, the foregoing rf transmitting circuit may be disposed on the circuit board 12, and carried by the circuit board 12. In a specific implementation, the circuit board 12 may further include an antenna spring 16 for connecting the rf transmitting circuit and the ground circuit on the circuit board 12 to the feeding excitation branch 13. In practical applications, the antenna spring 16 may be used to adjust the impedance characteristic of the whole antenna device, so that the impedance characteristic of the antenna device is the same as the impedance characteristic of the rf transmitting circuit, and the antenna device is in the maximum output efficiency state. Fig. 5 is an antenna efficiency graph provided by the embodiment, and as shown in fig. 5, after the impedance characteristic of the antenna device is adjusted, the radiation efficiency of the antenna device in the wearable device provided by the embodiment is not much different between the free space and the wearing state.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the application and is illustrative of the principles of the technology employed. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the scope of the invention herein disclosed is not limited to the particular combination of features described above, but also encompasses other arrangements formed by any combination of the above features or their equivalents without departing from the spirit of the invention. For example, the above features may be interchanged with other features disclosed in this application, but not limited to those having similar functions.
Claims (8)
1. An antenna device, comprising: the first metal layer, the second metal layer and the feed excitation branch section;
the first metal layer and the second metal layer are arranged in a laminated mode, and a first gap is formed between the first metal layer and the second metal layer; the first metal layer is in conductive connection with the second metal layer;
the feed excitation branch node, the first metal layer and the second metal layer are provided with preset gaps and are insulated from the first metal layer and the second metal layer;
the feed excitation branch node is electrically connected with the radio frequency circuit, and the feed excitation branch node is used for forming a radiator with the first metal layer and the second metal layer under the condition that the radio frequency circuit sends a radio frequency signal to the feed excitation branch node, and converting the radio frequency signal into electromagnetic wave radiation to the environment;
the second metal layer is a circuit board; a conductive layer or a conductive circuit is arranged on the surface and/or inside the circuit board;
the antenna device also comprises a bracket made of insulating materials;
the feed excitation branch node is fixed on the side of the circuit board through the bracket.
2. The antenna device of claim 1, wherein:
the feed excitation branch node is at least partially positioned in the forward projection area of the first metal layer.
3. The antenna device of claim 1, wherein:
the feed excitation branch node is positioned outside the orthographic projection area of the second metal layer.
4. The antenna device of claim 1, wherein:
a grounding spring pin is arranged between the first metal layer and the second metal layer;
the number of the grounding elastic feet is at least one.
5. The antenna device of claim 1, wherein:
the thickness of the first gap is greater than or equal to 1.0 mm.
6. A wearable device, characterized by comprising a radio frequency transmission circuit and an antenna arrangement according to any of claims 1-4;
the antenna arrangement is disposed at a first location in the wearable device; at the first position, the radiation intensity of the antenna device at the side, attached to the body of the user, of the wearable device is smaller than the radiation intensity at the peripheral side of the wearable device;
the radio frequency transmitting circuit is arranged on the circuit board, and the circuit board is provided with an antenna elastic sheet for connecting the radio frequency transmitting circuit and a grounding circuit on the circuit board with the feed excitation branch section.
7. The wearable device of claim 6, wherein:
the housing of the wearable device comprises a metal shell part;
the first metal layer is the metal shell portion.
8. The wearable device of claim 7, wherein:
the metal shell part is a rear shell of the wearable device;
the housing further includes an insulative housing portion directly connected to the rear housing.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811120803.5A CN109244638B (en) | 2018-09-26 | 2018-09-26 | Antenna device and wearable equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811120803.5A CN109244638B (en) | 2018-09-26 | 2018-09-26 | Antenna device and wearable equipment |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109244638A CN109244638A (en) | 2019-01-18 |
| CN109244638B true CN109244638B (en) | 2021-06-04 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201811120803.5A Active CN109244638B (en) | 2018-09-26 | 2018-09-26 | Antenna device and wearable equipment |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2022000378A1 (en) * | 2020-07-01 | 2022-01-06 | 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 | Radar apparatus and mobile device |
| CN113764862B (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2024-03-01 | 北京有竹居网络技术有限公司 | Antenna and wearable device |
| CN117175204A (en) * | 2022-05-27 | 2023-12-05 | 荣耀终端有限公司 | Terminal antenna and wearable equipment |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6597320B2 (en) * | 2000-09-11 | 2003-07-22 | Nippon Soken, Inc. | Antenna for portable radio communication device and method of transmitting radio signal |
| CN107425292A (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2017-12-01 | 瑞声科技(新加坡)有限公司 | antenna and wearable device |
| CN206834328U (en) * | 2017-05-04 | 2018-01-02 | 歌尔科技有限公司 | Antenna module and Intelligent worn device for metal shell |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI616025B (en) * | 2016-06-16 | 2018-02-21 | 和碩聯合科技股份有限公司 | Wearable electronic device |
| CN106200371B (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2019-12-13 | 北京奇虎科技有限公司 | Intelligent watch |
| CN108288752A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-07-17 | 瑞声精密制造科技(常州)有限公司 | The antenna system and intelligent wearable device of intelligent wearable device |
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2018
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6597320B2 (en) * | 2000-09-11 | 2003-07-22 | Nippon Soken, Inc. | Antenna for portable radio communication device and method of transmitting radio signal |
| CN206834328U (en) * | 2017-05-04 | 2018-01-02 | 歌尔科技有限公司 | Antenna module and Intelligent worn device for metal shell |
| CN107425292A (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2017-12-01 | 瑞声科技(新加坡)有限公司 | antenna and wearable device |
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