CN109238304B - Ultrahigh-speed line frequency variation testing device for space camera - Google Patents

Ultrahigh-speed line frequency variation testing device for space camera Download PDF

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CN109238304B
CN109238304B CN201810994551.2A CN201810994551A CN109238304B CN 109238304 B CN109238304 B CN 109238304B CN 201810994551 A CN201810994551 A CN 201810994551A CN 109238304 B CN109238304 B CN 109238304B
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space camera
rotary table
line frequency
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storage computer
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CN109238304A (en
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王旻
杨秀彬
徐伟
王绍举
范国伟
常琳
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Changchun Institute of Optics Fine Mechanics and Physics of CAS
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    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01CMEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C25/00Manufacturing, calibrating, cleaning, or repairing instruments or devices referred to in the other groups of this subclass
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01CMEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C11/00Photogrammetry or videogrammetry, e.g. stereogrammetry; Photographic surveying
    • G01C11/02Picture taking arrangements specially adapted for photogrammetry or photographic surveying, e.g. controlling overlapping of pictures

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Abstract

The invention relates to an ultrahigh-speed variable line frequency testing device for a space camera, which belongs to the technical field of photoelectric imaging and comprises a platform, a data converter, a control and storage computer, a flexible annular LED target, a high-precision single-shaft turntable, an encoder and a turntable controller, wherein the space camera is fixed on the platform, and the target surface of the space camera is vertical to the horizontal plane; the control and storage computer is connected with the space camera through a data converter, the control and storage computer is also respectively connected with the flexible annular LED target, the encoder and the rotary table controller, and the rotary table controller is connected with the high-precision single-shaft rotary table; the flexible annular LED target is fixed on the high-precision single-shaft rotary table, and the encoder is arranged in the high-precision single-shaft rotary table. The ultrahigh-speed line frequency variation testing device of the space camera is simple in structure, the testing method is simple and feasible, and the ultrahigh-speed real-time line frequency variation performance of the space camera can be effectively tested on the ground, so that the imaging capability of the space camera can be effectively tested.

Description

Ultrahigh-speed line frequency variation testing device for space camera
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of photoelectric imaging, in particular to an ultrahigh-speed variable line frequency testing device for a space camera.
Background
The sweep imaging mode of the space TDI CCD camera is a dynamic imaging mode for imaging synchronously with the satellite attitude maneuver, as shown in fig. 1, wherein (a) is a sweep schematic diagram in the roll direction of the camera, and (b) is a sweep schematic diagram in the pitch direction, which can meet the current requirement of increasing the observation range to the ground, but the line frequency of the camera and the resolution of the image change in real time with the change of the orbit height and the sweep angle, for a high-resolution TDI camera, the image moving speed must be matched with the charge line transfer speed of the CCD camera, otherwise, the modulation transfer function of the imaging will be reduced, and the image becomes blurred. The research of the space optical remote sensing technology is a high-risk, high-investment, highly complex and high-precision system engineering, and in order to ensure the imaging performance of the space optical satellite, comprehensive and deep reliable theoretical research and physical simulation experiments must be carried out on the ground to demonstrate and verify the correctness of the key technology and the theoretical research result. The space camera has real-time changes of motion speed and imaging distance in the swinging imaging process, so that the sampling frequency of the space camera needs to be adjusted in real time, and at present, a ground testing device aiming at ultrahigh-speed real-time line frequency change performance of the space camera in the swinging imaging process does not exist in the related field, so that the imaging capability of the space camera cannot be effectively tested on the ground.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the related technical bottleneck, the invention is necessary to solve the problem that the ultrahigh-speed real-time line frequency change of a space camera in the sweep imaging process cannot be effectively tested on the ground.
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a space camera ultrahigh-speed variable line frequency testing device comprises a platform, a data converter, a control and storage computer, a flexible annular LED target, a high-precision single-shaft rotary table, an encoder and a rotary table controller;
the space camera is fixed on the platform, and the target surface of the space camera is vertical to the horizontal plane;
the control and storage computer is connected with the space camera through the data converter, the control and storage computer is also respectively connected with the flexible annular LED target, the encoder and the rotary table controller, and the rotary table controller is connected with the high-precision single-shaft rotary table;
the flexible annular LED target is fixed on the high-precision single-shaft rotary table, and the encoder is arranged in the high-precision single-shaft rotary table;
the control and storage computer controls the flexible annular LED target to display a target image and sends control information corresponding to a preset angular velocity curve to the rotary table controller, and the rotary table controller controls the high-precision single-shaft rotary table to rotate according to the preset angular velocity curve; the control and storage computer receives the turntable angle information sent by the encoder in real time, calculates the line frequency control information of the space camera according to the turntable angle information, and sends the line frequency control information to the space camera in real time through the data converter; and the space camera changes the shooting line frequency in real time according to the line frequency control information and images the flexible annular LED target rotating according to the preset angular velocity curve in real time, an image obtained after imaging is sent to the control and storage computer through the data converter, and the control and storage computer stores the image.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention comprehensively considers the imaging capability of a camera and the control capability of the satellite attitude, and designs a high-resolution space camera ultrahigh-speed variable line frequency testing device based on a flexible annular LED target according to the real state of in-orbit imaging. In the testing device, a rotary table controller controls a high-precision single-shaft rotary table to rotate according to a preset angular velocity curve, an encoder sends rotary table angle information to a control and storage computer in real time, the control and storage computer calculates the shooting line frequency of a space camera according to real-time object distance and speed, the shooting line frequency is sent to the space camera through a data converter, meanwhile, the control and storage computer records images shot by the space camera in real time, and the frequency conversion and high-frequency imaging capacity of the space camera can be verified by comparing the stored images with actual rotating speed and images. The testing device provided by the invention has a simple structure, and the testing method is simple and easy to implement, and can effectively test the ultrahigh-speed real-time change line frequency performance of the space camera on the ground, so that the imaging capability of the space camera is effectively tested.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a space TDI CCD camera sweeping imaging;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the ultrahigh-speed line frequency variation testing device of the space camera according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the operation of the ultra-high speed line frequency variation testing device of the space camera according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a flexible annular LED target.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a space camera ultrahigh-speed line frequency changing testing device based on a flexible annular LED target, which is used for adjusting the sampling frequency of a space camera in real time due to the real-time change of the motion speed and the imaging distance of the space camera in the swinging imaging process. The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.
The invention discloses an ultrahigh-speed variable line frequency testing device of a space camera, which comprises a platform 1, a data converter 2, a control and storage computer 3, a flexible annular LED target 4, a high-precision single-shaft rotary table 5, an encoder and a rotary table controller 6, as shown in figure 1.
Specifically, the space camera 7 is fixed on the platform 1, and the target surface of the space camera 7 is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, as shown in fig. 1, and the direction of the target surface of the space camera is perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The space camera 7 in the invention can be a high-frame-frequency linear array TDI CCD camera which is provided with a million-level pixel optical lens.
The control and storage computer 3 is connected with the space camera 7 through the data converter 2, the control and storage computer 3 is also respectively connected with the flexible annular LED target 4, the encoder and the rotary table controller 6, and the rotary table controller 6 is connected with the high-precision single-shaft rotary table 5.
Flexible annular LED target 4 is fixed on high accuracy unipolar revolving stage 5, and the encoder setting is in high accuracy unipolar revolving stage 5.
The control and storage computer 3 controls the flexible annular LED target 4 to display a target image, control information corresponding to a preset angular velocity curve is sent to the rotary table controller 6, and the rotary table controller 6 controls the high-precision single-shaft rotary table 5 to rotate according to the preset angular velocity curve; the control and storage computer 3 receives the turntable angle information sent by the encoder in real time, calculates the line frequency control information of the space camera 7 according to the turntable angle information, and sends the line frequency control information to the space camera 7 through the data converter 2 in real time; the space camera 7 changes shooting line frequency in real time according to the line frequency control information and images the flexible annular LED target 4 rotating according to a preset angular velocity curve in real time, an image obtained after imaging is sent to the control and storage computer 3 through the data converter 2, and the control and storage computer 3 stores the image.
The control and storage computer 3 controls the electrification and display of the flexible annular LED target 4, the rotary table controller 6 controls the rotation direction and speed of the high-precision single-shaft rotary table 5, the encoder sends the rotary table angle information of the high-precision single-shaft rotary table 5 to the control and storage computer 3 in real time, the control and storage computer 3 calculates the photographing line frequency of the space camera 7 according to the known object distance and the real-time rotary table angle information of the encoder, the frequency of the space camera 7 is controlled in real time through the data converter 2, the line transfer speed of the space camera is matched with the image transfer speed, images photographed by the space camera 7 are stored in real time by the control and storage computer 3, the space camera is simulated to image in the motion, and the capability of adjusting the frequency of the camera in real time is verified.
The operation of the testing device of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 3.
S1 the control and storage computer 3 controls the flexible annular LED target 4 to display the target image, which is made by the control and storage computer 3 and displayed by controlling the flexible annular LED target 4 through the net port.
As a specific embodiment, the flexible annular LED target 4 comprises a hollow cylinder with a flange plate and a flexible LED display screen covered on the outer surface of the hollow cylinder, wherein the flange plate is fixedly connected with a high-precision single-shaft turntable 5. As shown in fig. 4, the flexible LED display screen is fixed on the outer surface of the hollow cylinder, the height of the hollow cylinder is 0.8m, the diameter of the hollow cylinder is 0.7m, the bottom surface of the hollow cylinder is connected with a flange plate with a width of 5cm and a through hole, and the flange plate can be fixed with the high-precision single-axis turntable 5 through bolts and the through hole. And a control and storage computer 3 is used for making a target image, controlling the flexible annular LED target 4 through a network port to display the target image and controlling the target image to be powered on or powered off. Assuming that the pixel size of the space camera 7 is 7 μm and the optical lens focal length of the space camera is 4mm, according to the object distance correspondence between the camera optical system and the flexible annular LED target 4, if the object distance is 2.28m, the pixel size of the flexible annular LED target 4 corresponding to one pixel of the space camera 7 is 4mm, as shown in fig. 4.
S2 controls the storage computer 3 to transmit control information corresponding to the preset angular velocity profile to the turntable controller. The preset angular velocity curve refers to a curve of the angular velocity of the high-precision single-axis turntable 5 changing along with time, the preset angular velocity curve can be determined by the control and storage computer 3 according to the height of the satellite orbit and the sweeping speed of the satellite, and the control and storage computer 3 sends control information corresponding to the preset angular velocity curve to the turntable controller 6 through a serial port.
The S3 turntable controller 6 drives the high-precision single-axis turntable 5 to rotate according to a preset angular velocity curve. The turntable controller 6 can drive the high-precision single-shaft turntable 5 to rotate according to a preset angular velocity curve according to the instruction of the control and storage computer 3, the high-precision single-shaft turntable 5 can rotate continuously, can rotate at a constant speed or can rotate at variable speeds, the rotating angular velocity range of the high-precision single-shaft turntable 5 is 5 degrees/s-500 degrees/s, and the rotating angular velocity precision is less than or equal to 0.001 degrees.
The S4 encoder sends the turntable angle information to the control and storage computer 3. The encoder sets up in high accuracy unipolar revolving stage 5, and at high accuracy unipolar revolving stage 5's rotatory in-process, the revolving stage angle information of high accuracy unipolar revolving stage 5 is gathered in real time to the encoder.
The S5 encoder outputs the turntable angle information of the high-precision single-axis turntable 5 to the control and storage computer 3, for example, the encoder is connected to the control and storage computer 3 through an RS422 interface, and outputs the turntable angle information of the high-precision single-axis turntable 5 to the control and storage computer 3 through an RS422 interface at a frequency of 100 Hz.
S6 control and storage computer 3 receives the angle information of the rotary table sent by the encoder, converts the angle information into speed information through calculation, calculates the line frequency control information of the space camera 7, transmits the line frequency control information to the data converter 2 through the network, and simultaneously can send control instructions to the space camera 7 and set camera parameters. The relative movement speed of the flexible annular LED target 4 and the space camera 7 is V ═ 2 × ω × R, where: omega is the angular velocity of the high-speed rotation of the high-precision single-axis turntable 5, R is the radius of the flexible annular LED target 4, and the line frequency derivation calculation formula of the space camera needs to be controlled is as follows:
the imaging speed of the target on the image surface of the space camera is as follows:
Figure GDA0002438301610000051
then: the imaging time of the target on the image surface of the space camera is as follows:
Figure GDA0002438301610000052
since the line frequency of the space camera is F-1/t, it can be deduced
Figure GDA0002438301610000053
Where V ═ 2 × ω × R is the relative movement speed of the flexible annular LED target 4 and the space camera 7, f is the focal length of the lens of the space camera 7, L is the object distance between the space camera 7 and the flexible annular LED target 4, and a is the pixel size of the space camera 7.
S7 the data converter 2 transmits the line frequency control information transmitted from the control and storage computer 3 to the space camera 7. The data converter 2 converts the line frequency control information sent by the control and storage computer 3 into a camera link signal and sends the camera link signal to the space camera 7, and the space camera 7 changes the shooting line frequency in real time according to the line frequency control information.
S8 the space camera 7 images the flexible annular LED target 4 rotating according to a preset angular velocity curve. The space camera 7 adopts a high frame frequency linear array camera, and the pixel size is 7 Mum multiplied by 7 Mum; the optical lens of the space camera 7 can adopt a megapixel-level 4mm prime lens.
S9 the space camera 7 images the flexible annular LED target 4 rotating according to the preset angular velocity curve to obtain an image of the flexible annular LED target 4, and sends the image of the flexible annular LED target 4 to the data converter 2. After the space camera 7 obtains the image of the flexible annular LED target 4 through shooting, the image is sent to the data converter 2 through a camera link interface in real time.
The data converter 2 of S10 converts the image of the flexible annular LED target 4 obtained by the space camera 7 into a network signal and sends the network signal to the control and storage computer 3, and the control and storage computer 3 stores the image or can be used as an image display terminal to display the image.
After a period of imaging, the test apparatus stops operating. And opening and checking the images stored in the control and storage computer 3, and checking whether the images of the flexible annular LED target 4 shot along with different speeds of the high-precision single-axis turntable 5 are clear or not to verify the effectiveness of the ultrahigh-speed line frequency variation of the space camera. After the completion of one test, if the control and storage computer 3 does not change the preset angular velocity profile, the test apparatus performs steps S3 to S10 at the next test; if the control and storage computer needs to reset the preset angular velocity profile, the test apparatus performs steps S2 to S10.
The invention comprehensively considers the imaging capability of a camera and the control capability of the satellite attitude, and designs a high-resolution space camera ultrahigh-speed variable line frequency testing device based on a flexible annular LED target according to the real state of in-orbit imaging. In the testing device, a rotary table controller controls a high-precision single-shaft rotary table to rotate according to a preset angular velocity curve, an encoder sends rotary table angle information to a control and storage computer in real time, the control and storage computer calculates the shooting line frequency of a space camera according to real-time object distance and speed, the shooting line frequency is sent to the space camera through a data converter, meanwhile, the control and storage computer records images shot by the space camera in real time, and the frequency conversion and high-frequency imaging capacity of the space camera can be verified by comparing the stored images with actual rotating speed and images. The testing device provided by the invention has a simple structure, and the testing method is simple and easy to implement, and can effectively test the ultrahigh-speed real-time change line frequency performance of the space camera on the ground, so that the imaging capability of the space camera is effectively tested.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims (7)

1. The ultrahigh-speed variable line frequency testing device for the space camera is characterized by comprising a platform (1), a data converter (2), a control and storage computer (3), a flexible annular LED target (4), a high-precision single-shaft rotary table (5), an encoder and a rotary table controller (6);
the space camera (7) is fixed on the platform (1), and the target surface of the space camera (7) is vertical to the horizontal plane;
the control and storage computer (3) is connected with the space camera (7) through the data converter (2), the control and storage computer (3) is also respectively connected with the flexible annular LED target (4), the encoder and the rotary table controller (6), and the rotary table controller (6) is connected with the high-precision single-axis rotary table (5);
the flexible annular LED target (4) is fixed on the high-precision single-shaft rotary table (5), and the encoder is arranged in the high-precision single-shaft rotary table (5);
the control and storage computer (3) controls the flexible annular LED target (4) to display a target image, control information corresponding to a preset angular velocity curve is sent to the rotary table controller (6), and the rotary table controller (6) controls the high-precision single-axis rotary table (5) to rotate according to the preset angular velocity curve; the control and storage computer (3) receives the turntable angle information sent by the encoder in real time, calculates the line frequency control information of the space camera (7) according to the turntable angle information, and sends the line frequency control information to the space camera (7) in real time through the data converter (2); the space camera (7) changes shooting line frequency in real time according to the line frequency control information and images the flexible annular LED target (4) rotating according to the preset angular speed curve in real time, an image obtained after imaging is sent to the control and storage computer (3) through the data converter (2), and the control and storage computer (3) stores the image.
2. The ultra-high speed line frequency testing device of the space camera according to claim 1,
the preset angular velocity curve is determined by the control and storage computer (3) according to the satellite orbit height and the sweeping speed of the satellite.
3. The ultra-high speed line frequency testing device of the space camera according to claim 1 or 2,
the flexible annular LED target (4) comprises a hollow cylinder with a flange plate and a flexible LED display screen covered on the outer surface of the hollow cylinder, and the flange plate is fixedly connected with the high-precision single-shaft rotary table (5).
4. The ultra-high speed line frequency testing device for the space camera according to claim 3, wherein the height of the hollow cylinder is 0.8m, and the diameter of the hollow cylinder is 0.7 m.
5. The ultra-high speed line frequency testing device of the space camera according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the rotation angular velocity range of the high-precision single-axis turntable (5) is 5 °/s to 500 °/s, and the rotation angular velocity precision is less than or equal to 0.001 °.
6. The ultra-high speed line frequency testing device for the space camera as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the encoder is connected with the control and storage computer (3) through an RS422 interface.
7. The ultra-high speed line frequency testing device of the space camera as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the space camera (7) is a line TDI CCD camera.
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