CN109238229B - Temperature compensation method for surface subsidence value based on hydrostatic level monitoring - Google Patents
Temperature compensation method for surface subsidence value based on hydrostatic level monitoring Download PDFInfo
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- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C5/00—Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels
- G01C5/04—Hydrostatic levelling, i.e. by flexibly interconnected liquid containers at separated points
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C25/00—Manufacturing, calibrating, cleaning, or repairing instruments or devices referred to in the other groups of this subclass
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of engineering monitoring, and particularly relates to a temperature compensation method for a surface subsidence value based on hydrostatic level monitoring. The method comprises the following steps: the first step is to determine the geological conditions. And secondly, determining a scheme for arranging a static level gauge on the surface subsidence measuring point. And thirdly, calculating the accumulated settlement value. The fourth step: and arranging a temperature sensor on each static level gauge, and monitoring the change of the ambient temperature along with time. The fifth step determines the delay time t. And sixthly, determining an error value of the temperature to the deformation of the earth surface. And the seventh step is to carry out temperature compensation on the sedimentation value. According to a third step, at txTime NiThe accumulated settlement value of the measuring point is subtracted by the error value to realize the N-pairiAnd carrying out temperature compensation on the accumulated settlement value of the measuring point. The invention can provide a temperature compensation method for the surface subsidence value based on the hydrostatic level monitoring, and the monitoring precision of the surface subsidence value based on the hydrostatic level monitoring is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of engineering monitoring, and particularly relates to a temperature compensation method for a surface subsidence value based on hydrostatic level monitoring.
Background
With the rapid development of scientific technology and the continuous acceleration of the modernization process of our country, various high-rise buildings, important buildings and structures in cities are increasing, and meanwhile, the harm of old goafs in the field of mineral engineering is deepened increasingly. Abnormal vertical displacement of a building or an old goaf is often a precursor of instability and accidents, and therefore vertical displacement monitoring is particularly important. At present, the main methods for measuring vertical displacement include a hydrostatic level, a theodolite, a range finder and the like. The general unit price of theodolite is higher, and is extremely easily influenced by the environment simultaneously, is unsuitable for extensive long-time monitoring, and the distancer needs artifical the measurement, can not realize incessant monitoring, compares traditional vertical displacement monitoring facilities, and the hydrostatic level has the unit price low, can lay on a large scale, has possessed a great deal of advantage of overcoming adverse circumstances simultaneously, by wide application in building trade and underground space engineering trade.
The static force leveling system is characterized in that a certain amount of liquid is filled into containers connected with a pipeline, the liquid in all the containers flows freely in the pipeline, the liquid surface in each container keeps the same height when the containers are balanced or at rest, a sensor is used for measuring the relative change of the liquid level in each measuring point container, and the relative settlement amount of each point relative to a base point is calculated.
The accuracy of hydrostatic level measurement systems can be affected by both external factors and instrumentation. The measurement error of the hydrostatic level monitoring system is mainly influenced by external influence factors such as temperature, air pressure and the like; the influence of the structure of the instrument, such as liquid volatilization, electronic component stability, equipment installation error and the like. The most important precision factors of the static level measuring system are temperature and delay effects, for example, the temperature rise of a certain point causes the volume of liquid to be increased and the liquid level to rise, but actually, the point does not generate sedimentation deformation, and if the liquid level height change is calculated, the conclusion that the point generates sedimentation can be obtained, and the method is obviously wrong; meanwhile, when the amount of liquid in the container is large, when the external temperature changes, the heat absorption or release process of the liquid needs to take a period of time, so that the liquid temperature and the external temperature are asynchronous. It is because of the existence of this delay effect that the temperature value monitored at a certain moment is not the true temperature value of the liquid, and further delay effect correction is needed to reduce this error. Therefore, a temperature compensation method for the earth surface settlement value based on the monitoring of the hydrostatic level is urgently needed, the precision of the monitoring of the hydrostatic level is improved, the safety of a monitored project is guaranteed, and the benefit of an enterprise is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the surface subsidence value monitored by the hydrostatic level is greatly influenced by temperature, and provides a temperature compensation method of the surface subsidence value monitored by the hydrostatic level so as to provide the accuracy of the surface subsidence value monitored by the hydrostatic level.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a temperature compensation method for a surface settlement value based on hydrostatic level monitoring comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: and determining the range of the shallow goaf and the engineering geological conditions of the overlying rock stratum by means of geophysical prospecting and drilling.
The second step is that: and determining a scheme for arranging the static level gauge at the surface subsidence measuring point according to the range of the shallow goaf and the engineering geological conditions of the overburden rock stratum. And selecting the static level gauge according to the monitoring precision and the monitoring range. And selecting the communicating liquid according to the temperature change range of the monitoring area all the year round, so as to prevent the communicating liquid from freezing in winter.
And a communicating pipeline is arranged between two adjacent static levels, one side of the first static level is connected with the liquid storage pipe, the other side of the first static level is connected with the adjacent static level, and the liquid storage pipe is communicated with the atmosphere to form a communicating vessel.
And pouring the communicating liquid into the liquid storage tank until the communicating liquid is full of all the communicating pipelines and the static level, and then sealing the tail end of the last static level.
And connecting adjacent static levels by adopting four-core cables, and connecting the static levels in series and then connecting the data acquisition terminals by the four-core cables. Two cores in the four-core cable are used for supplying power, and the other two cores are used for transmitting data collected by the hydrostatic level gauge to the data collection terminal.
The data acquisition terminal has two functions, namely firstly, transforming an external 220V power supply into a power supply voltage of the hydrostatic level; and secondly, transmitting the data information of the static level gauge to a cloud platform by using a 4G network for viewing and processing.
Furthermore, 12 static level gauges are arranged on a top plate of the goaf, the length of the monitored goaf range is 250-260 m, and the width of the monitored goaf range is 100-110 m.
The method selects an SD-226 type static level gauge, and the monitoring precision is 0.2 mm; a55% glycol aqueous solution with a freezing point of-45 ℃ is selected as the communication liquid.
The third step: after the arrangement of the hydrostatic levels is finished, the liquid level reading of each hydrostatic level for the first time is recorded as an initial value, the data acquisition terminal acquires data every T minutes, the instant settlement value is obtained by subtracting the liquid level reading acquired this time from the liquid level reading acquired the previous time, and the accumulated sum of the instant settlement values is the accumulated settlement value.
At T1At temperature, N1The point being the point of arrangement of the first hydrostatic level, as a reference point, N2To NiIs a measurement point, i 2, 3.
N1To NiThe pressures monitored by the hydrostatic level are respectively
Converting the pressure values into corresponding water surface elevations at 4 ℃, wherein the water surface elevations are initial readings of the measuring points monitored by the static level gauge and are respectively
In the initial state, NiMeasured point relative to N1Height of (2)
Temperature is from T1Temperature change to T2Temperature, N2To NiWhen the measuring points are settled, the reading of each measuring point monitored by the static level gauge is respectively
Due to N1The points are the arrangement points of the first hydrostatic level, and the measuring points are not settled. In this state, NiMeasured point relative to N1Height of (2)
NiThe value of the instant settlement occurring at the measuring point is
Temperature is from T2Temperature change to T3Temperature, N2To NiWhen the measuring points are settled again, the reading of each measuring point monitored by the static level gauge is respectively
In this state, NiMeasured point relative to N1Is low in
NiThe value of the instant settlement occurring at the measuring point is
Temperature is from T1Temperature change to T3Temperature, NiThe cumulative sedimentation value at the measuring point is
Where ρ is0The density at 4 ℃ of the communication liquid, rhoTiFor communicating liquid at TiThe density at the time of the temperature is,
is at TiThe height of the liquid level in the liquid storage tank relative to the jth hydraulic level gauge at the temperature.
The fourth step: selecting a temperature sensor, arranging the temperature sensor on each hydrostatic level, monitoring the change of the ambient temperature along with time, setting the sampling frequency of the temperature sensor to be collected once every T minutes, and uploading the monitored temperature data to a cloud platform by the temperature sensor for checking and processing.
Further, the invention adopts NTC type thermistor temperature sensor, arranges 12 temperature sensors on 12 static level gauges.
The fifth step: the delay time t is determined. Due to the transmission process of the hydraulic pressure, the effect of temperature on the value of surface settlement based on hydrostatic level monitoring has a delayed effect.
And (4) according to the temperature data monitored by the temperature sensor, listing a change curve of the temperature along with the time by taking the monitoring time interval T as a unit. Selection of NiAnd (4) measuring points, wherein the change curve of the accumulated sedimentation value with time and the change curve of the temperature with time in one day are listed. And searching a sedimentation peak value in a curve of the accumulated sedimentation value along with the change of time in one day, and determining the time corresponding to the sedimentation peak value. And searching a temperature peak value in a change curve of the temperature along with the time in one day, and determining the time corresponding to the temperature peak value. The absolute value of the difference between the time corresponding to the settlement peak value and the time corresponding to the temperature peak value is NiMeasure the point delay time t.
And a sixth step: and determining an error value of the temperature to the surface deformation according to the influence rule of the temperature to the density of the communicating liquid and the reading of the sensor in the initial state.
Temperature is from T1Temperature change to T3At temperature, NiThe cumulative sedimentation values occurring at the measurement points are:
let T1Temperature change to T3At temperature, no settlement of the surface occurred, i.e.:
at this time, NiThe accumulated settlement value generated at the measuring point is the temperature from T1Temperature change to T3The error caused by temperature is as follows:
wherein,
in the initial state, N1Relative to NiThe height of the measured point.
Error value
The temperature is represented as positive to cause the cumulative settling value of the measured point to fluctuate downwards, and the error is represented as negative to indicate the temperature to cause the cumulative settling value of the measured point to fluctuate upwards.
The seventh step: and carrying out temperature compensation on the settlement value.
Setting the temperature at initial state as T1With T1The temperature is a reference temperature. At (t)xThe temperature at time T) is Tx，NiThe error value of the measuring point caused by the temperature is
Wherein, txIn order to be at any time instant,
is at TxThe height of the liquid level in the liquid storage tank relative to the ith hydraulic level gauge at the temperature.
According to a third step, at txTime NiMeasuring the cumulative sedimentation value, subtracting the cumulative sedimentation value
Namely realize to NiAnd carrying out temperature compensation on the accumulated settlement value of the measuring point.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention can provide a temperature compensation method for the surface subsidence value based on the hydrostatic level monitoring, and the monitoring precision of the surface subsidence value based on the hydrostatic level monitoring is greatly improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a surface subsidence monitoring system temperature change state based on a hydrostatic level.
FIG. 2 is a graph comparing the trend of the surface sedimentation value with time and the trend of the temperature with time.
Fig. 3 shows the average sedimentation data and temperature data of the measuring points per day along with the change trend of the date.
Fig. 4 is a method of temperature compensation of surface subsidence values based on hydrostatic level monitoring.
Fig. 5 is a diagram of measuring point arrangement of a surface subsidence monitoring system based on a hydrostatic level gauge.
FIG. 6 is a plot of density of 55% ethylene glycol in water as a function of temperature.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is clearly and completely described below by combining the implementation case.
The invention discloses a temperature compensation method for a ground surface settlement value based on monitoring of a hydrostatic level gauge, which is completely described by a ground surface settlement monitoring implementation case of a certain open-pit iron mine goaf, and comprises the following specific steps:
the first step is as follows: the method comprises the steps of detecting a shallow goaf of a certain open-air iron ore by using a CMS three-dimensional laser scanner, determining the position range and the approximate form of the shallow goaf, performing drilling camera shooting detection on a top plate of the goaf by using a BHCTV type drilling imager according to the position range of the shallow goaf, and determining the engineering geological condition of an overlying rock stratum of the shallow goaf.
The second step is that: and determining that 12 static level gauges are arranged on the top plate of the gob (see figure 5) according to the range of the shallow gob obtained by detection and the engineering geological conditions of the overburden rock stratum. The length of the range of the monitored goaf is about 250m, the width is about 100m, the required monitoring precision is 0.2mm, and the SD-226 hydrostatic level is selected according to the requirements. The goaf is located in northeast alpine regions, the lowest temperature in winter can reach-30 ℃, so 55% glycol water solution with the freezing point of-45 ℃ is selected as communication liquid to prevent freezing in winter, communication pipelines are arranged between two adjacent hydrostatic levels, one side of the first hydrostatic level is connected with a liquid storage pipe, and the other side of the first hydrostatic level is connected with the adjacent hydrostatic level, wherein the liquid storage pipe is the same as the atmosphere, and a communicating vessel is formed. And pouring the communication liquid into the liquid storage tank until the communication liquid is full of all the communication pipelines and the hydrostatic level, and then sealing the tail end of the last hydrostatic level. Adopt two adjacent hydrostatic levels of four-core cable junction, two cores are used for the power supply, and two cores are used for transmitting the data that hydrostatic level gathered in addition, connect the hydrostatic level in series the back through cable junction to data acquisition terminal, set up hydrostatic level collection frequency and gather once for every five minutes. The data acquisition terminal has two functions, namely firstly, transforming an external 220V power supply to a proper voltage to supply power to the static level gauge; and secondly, transmitting the static level gauge to a cloud platform through a 4G network for viewing and processing.
The third step: after the arrangement of the hydrostatic levels is finished, the liquid level reading of each hydrostatic level for the first time is recorded as an initial value, the data acquisition terminal acquires data every five minutes, the liquid level reading of the previous time is subtracted from the liquid level reading of the current time to obtain an instant settlement value, and the instant settlement value is accumulated and summed to obtain an accumulated settlement value.
The fourth step: according to the field requirement, an NTC type thermistor temperature sensor is selected, 12 temperature sensors are arranged at 12 static level gauges, the change of the ambient temperature along with time is monitored, the sampling frequency of the temperature sensors is also adjusted to be acquired every five minutes, and the monitored temperature data is uploaded to a cloud platform through a temperature monitoring system for checking and processing.
The fifth step: and (3) according to a curve (figure 6) of the density of the 55% glycol aqueous solution along with the temperature change, solving the density change amount of the 55% glycol aqueous solution every day, the initial state datum point and the reading of each measuring point, and performing temperature compensation on the settlement value monitored based on the hydrostatic level by using a temperature compensation formula.
Claims (5)
1. A temperature compensation method for a surface settlement value based on hydrostatic level monitoring is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the first step is as follows: determining the range of a shallow goaf and the engineering geological conditions of an overlying rock stratum by geophysical prospecting and drilling means;
the second step is that: determining a scheme for arranging a static level gauge at a ground surface settlement measuring point according to the range of the shallow goaf and the engineering geological conditions of the overlying rock stratum; selecting a static level gauge according to the monitoring precision and the monitoring range; according to the temperature change range of the monitoring area all the year round, the communicating liquid is selected to prevent the communicating liquid from freezing in winter;
arranging communicating pipelines at two adjacent hydrostatic levels, wherein one side of the first hydrostatic level is connected with the liquid storage pipe, and the other side of the first hydrostatic level is connected with the adjacent hydrostatic level, and the liquid storage pipe is communicated with the atmosphere to form a communicating vessel;
pouring a communicating liquid into the liquid storage tank until the communicating liquid is full of all the communicating pipelines and the static level, and then sealing the tail end of the last static level;
connecting adjacent static levels by adopting a four-core cable, connecting the static levels in series and then connecting a data acquisition terminal by the four-core cable; two cores in the four-core cable are used for supplying power, and the other two cores are used for transmitting data acquired by the hydrostatic level to the data acquisition terminal;
the third step: after the arrangement of the hydrostatic levels is finished, recording the liquid level reading of each hydrostatic level for the first time as an initial value, acquiring data every T minutes by a data acquisition terminal, subtracting the liquid level reading acquired this time from the liquid level reading of the previous time to obtain an instant settlement value, and performing cumulative summation on the instant settlement value to obtain a cumulative settlement value;
at T1At temperature, N1The point being the point of arrangement of the first hydrostatic level, as a reference point, N2To NiIs a measurement point, i 2, 3.., j.;
N1to NiThe pressures monitored by the hydrostatic level are respectively
Converting the pressure values into corresponding water surface elevations at 4 ℃, wherein the water surface elevations are initial readings of the measuring points monitored by the static level gauge and are respectivelyIs composed of
In the initial state, NiMeasured point relative to N1Height of (2)
Temperature is from T1Temperature change to T2Temperature, N2To NiWhen the measuring points are settled, the reading of each measuring point monitored by the static level gauge is respectively
Due to N1The points are the arrangement points of the first static level gauge, and the measuring points are not settled; in this state, NiMeasured point relative to N1Height of (2)
NiThe value of the instant settlement occurring at the measuring point is
Temperature is from T2Temperature change to T3Temperature, N2To NiWhen the measuring points are settled again, the reading of each measuring point monitored by the static level gauge is respectively
In this state, NiMeasured point relative to N1Is low in
NiThe value of the instant settlement occurring at the measuring point is
Temperature is from T1Temperature change to T3Temperature, NiPoint generationHas a cumulative sedimentation value of
Where ρ is0The density at 4 ℃ of the communication liquid, rhoTiFor communicating liquid at TiThe density at the time of the temperature is,
is at TxThe height of the liquid level in the liquid storage tank relative to the ith hydraulic level gauge at the temperature;
the fourth step: selecting a temperature sensor, arranging the temperature sensor on each static level gauge, monitoring the change of the ambient temperature along with time, setting the sampling frequency of the temperature sensor to be collected once every T minutes, and uploading the monitored temperature data to a cloud platform by the temperature sensor for checking and processing;
the fifth step: determining a delay time t;
according to temperature data monitored by a temperature sensor, a monitoring time interval T is taken as a unit, and a change curve of temperature along with time is listed; selection of NiMeasuring points, wherein a change curve of an accumulated sedimentation value along with time and a change curve of temperature along with time in one day are listed; searching a sedimentation peak value in a curve of the accumulated sedimentation value along with the change of time in one day, and determining the time corresponding to the sedimentation peak value; searching a temperature peak value in a change curve of temperature along with time in one day, and determining the time corresponding to the temperature peak value; the absolute value of the difference between the time corresponding to the settlement peak value and the time corresponding to the temperature peak value is NiMeasuring point delay time t;
and a sixth step: determining an error value of the temperature to the surface deformation according to the influence rule of the temperature to the density of the communicating liquid and the reading of the sensor in the initial state;
temperature is from T1Temperature change to T3At temperature, NiThe cumulative sedimentation values occurring at the measurement points are:
let T1Temperature change to T3At temperature, no settlement of the surface occurred, i.e.:
at this time, NiThe accumulated settlement value generated at the measuring point is the temperature from T1Temperature change to T3The error caused by temperature is as follows:
wherein,
in the initial state, N1Relative to NiThe height of the measuring point;
error value
The accumulated settlement value of the measuring point fluctuates downwards due to positive representation of temperature, and the accumulated settlement value of the measuring point fluctuates upwards due to negative representation of temperature;
the seventh step: carrying out temperature compensation on the sedimentation value;
setting the temperature at initial state as T1With T1The temperature is a reference temperature; at (t)xThe temperature at time T) is Tx，NiThe error value of the measuring point caused by the temperature is
Wherein, txIn order to be at any time instant,
is at TxThe height of the liquid level in the liquid storage tank relative to the ith hydraulic level gauge at the temperature;
according to a third step, at txTime NiCumulative sedimentation value of the measurement point, cumulative sedimentation value minus
Namely realize to NiAnd carrying out temperature compensation on the accumulated settlement value of the measuring point.
2. The method for compensating the temperature of the value of surface sedimentation according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, 12 hydrostatic levels are arranged on the top plate of the gob, the range of the monitored gob has the length of 250-260 m and the width of 100-110 m, the hydrostatic level adopts an SD-226 hydrostatic level, and the monitoring precision is 0.2 mm.
3. A method of temperature compensation of a value of surface sedimentation according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the fourth step the temperature sensor is an NTC type thermistor temperature sensor, the temperature sensor being arranged on the hydrostatic level.
4. A method for temperature compensation of the value of surface sedimentation according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the second step, a 55% glycol aqueous solution with a freezing point of-45 ℃ is selected as the communication liquid.
5. A method for temperature compensation of the value of surface sedimentation according to claim 3, wherein in the second step, a 55% glycol aqueous solution having a freezing point of-45 ℃ is selected as the communication liquid.
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