CN109234728B - Molybdenum alloy surface laser cladding preparation MoSi2Method for coating - Google Patents

Molybdenum alloy surface laser cladding preparation MoSi2Method for coating Download PDF

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CN109234728B
CN109234728B CN201811212909.8A CN201811212909A CN109234728B CN 109234728 B CN109234728 B CN 109234728B CN 201811212909 A CN201811212909 A CN 201811212909A CN 109234728 B CN109234728 B CN 109234728B
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molybdenum alloy
coating
mosi
laser cladding
thin layer
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CN109234728A (en
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孙顺平
顾顺
胡益丰
王洪金
张扬
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Jiangsu University of Technology
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C24/00Coating starting from inorganic powder
    • C23C24/08Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
    • C23C24/10Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/06Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
    • C23C14/14Metallic material, boron or silicon
    • C23C14/16Metallic material, boron or silicon on metallic substrates or on substrates of boron or silicon
    • C23C14/165Metallic material, boron or silicon on metallic substrates or on substrates of boron or silicon by cathodic sputtering
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/22Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
    • C23C14/34Sputtering
    • C23C14/35Sputtering by application of a magnetic field, e.g. magnetron sputtering
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/04Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material
    • C23C28/042Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material including a refractory ceramic layer, e.g. refractory metal oxides, ZrO2, rare earth oxides

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  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of laser cladding of surfaces of refractory metals, and particularly relates to a method for preparing MoSi by laser cladding of a molybdenum alloy surface2A method of coating. Firstly sputtering a Si thin layer with the thickness of 20-30 mu m on the surface of the molybdenum alloy, then presetting silicide alloy powder, and combining the molybdenum alloy, the sputtered Si thin layer and the preset silicide alloy powder through laser scanning to obtain MoSi with excellent mechanical property and good combination with the molybdenum alloy2And (4) coating. The molybdenum alloy prepared by the invention has MoSi on the surface2The coating adopts a magnetron sputtering Si thin layer, and then a Mo-Si element transition layer can be formed by a laser cladding process, so that molybdenum alloy and MoSi can be improved2Bond strength between coatings. On the other hand, the silicide coating is prepared on the surface of the molybdenum alloy sputtered with the Si thin layer by adopting a laser cladding process, the coating is uniform and compact in structure and good in combination, and the service performance of the coating can be improved due to the effect of multi-element alloying.

Description

Molybdenum alloy surface laser cladding preparation MoSi2Method for coating
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser cladding of surfaces of refractory metals, in particular to a method for preparing MoSi by laser cladding of a molybdenum alloy surface2A method of coating.
Background
The molybdenum-based alloy has the advantages of high melting point, small thermal expansion coefficient, high strength, high elastic modulus, good electric and thermal conductivity, strong corrosion resistance and good high-temperature mechanical property, and has wide application in the fields of military industry, aerospace technology and energy equipment. However, the molybdenum-based alloy has poor high-temperature oxidation resistance, which affects the long-term effective use under high-temperature conditions.
The current method for improving the high-temperature oxidation performance of the molybdenum alloy is to add a molybdenum silicide coating. MoSi2Is a typical high-temperature alloy thermal barrier coating material, has excellent high-temperature oxidation resistance, and can form compact amorphous SiO when oxidized at high temperature2Protecting the internal metal from oxidation.
However, MoSi2The coating has high brittleness, and stress and cracks are easy to occur in use. Due to the molybdenum alloy and the MoSi2The thermal expansion coefficients of the coating are different, so that the binding force of the coating is not strong, and the coating is usually peeled off in engineering use. Thus, molybdenum alloys and MoSi are improved2The bonding between the coatings is of very important practical significance.
Disclosure of Invention
For improving the prior art molybdenum alloy MoSi2Defects of the coating in the aspects of production process, product performance and the like, and reinforced molybdenum alloy and MoSi2Interfacial bonding between coatings, the invention between molybdenum alloys and MoSi2Sputtering a Si element thin layer between the coatings, and dissolving the Si element thin layer in the molybdenum alloy and the MoSi through a subsequent laser scanning process2The interface between the coatings can effectively improve the molybdenum alloy and the MoSi2The binding force of the coating, thereby reducing the shedding phenomenon of the molybdenum silicide coating.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is that MoSi on the surface of a molybdenum alloy2The preparation method of the coating specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) polishing the surface of the molybdenum alloy sheet, cleaning and drying;
(2) sputtering a Si thin layer on the molybdenum alloy sheet obtained in the step (1) through magnetron sputtering;
(3) ball milling silicon-containing alloy powder;
(4) presetting the silicon-containing alloy powder obtained in the step (3) on the molybdenum alloy sputtered with the Si thin layer obtained in the step (2);
(5) laser scanning is carried out on the molybdenum alloy of the preset alloy powder obtained in the step (4) by adopting a laser to prepare MoSi on the surface2And (4) coating.
Preferably, the silicon-containing alloy powder in the step (3) comprises, by mass, 50-60% of Mo, 3.5-7.5% of Nb, 3.0-6.0% of W, 2.5-4.5% of Cr, 2.0-3.5% of Ti, 2.0-5.5% of Al, and the balance of Si.
Preferably, the Mo, the Nb, the W, the Cr, the Ti, the Al and the Si are all added in the form of alloy powder, the purity of each element powder is more than 99.5 percent, and the particle diameter is less than 4.5 mu m.
Preferably, in the magnetron sputtering in the step (2), high-purity argon is used as a sputtering gas, the flow rate of the argon is 25 to 35sccm, and the pressure of the argon sputtering is 0.15 to 0.35 Pa.
Preferably, the thickness of the Si thin layer in the step (2) is 20-30 μm.
Preferably, the ball milling time in the step (3) is 18-24 h, and the ball milling rotation speed is 300-450 r/min.
Preferably, in the step (4), the presetting is to adhere silicon-containing alloy powder to the surface of the molybdenum alloy sputtered with the Si thin layer by adopting alcohol or acetone, the thickness of the preset silicon-containing alloy powder is 0.5-1.0 mm, and the preset silicon-containing alloy powder is placed in a heating furnace at 140-160 ℃ and dried for 30-40 min.
Preferably, in the step (5), the lapping rate of the laser scanning is 40-60%, the laser power is 2.0-2.4 kW, and the scanning speed is 4-8 mm/s.
Has the advantages that:
(1) the invention sputters the Si thin layer on the molybdenum alloy substrate by the magnetron sputtering method, can effectively control the thickness of the Si thin layer, is beneficial to improving the high-temperature oxidation resistance of the coating and reducing the molybdenum alloy and MoSi2And cracks in the middle.
(2) The preparation of silicide multi-element alloy coating on Si thin layer by laser cladding process can improve MoSi2The service performance of the coating is improved, and the molybdenum alloy and MoSi are improved2The bonding strength between the coatings is improved, so that the sputtering of the Si thin layer is to prepare MoSi on the surface of the molybdenum alloy2A very suitable process for coating.
(3) The multi-element addition of the alloy elements in the invention can be carried out on MoSi2The coating has alloying effect on improving MoSi2The mechanical property of the coating has obvious effect, and the coating can be reducedStress concentration and cracking tendency during use and can improve MoSi of the coating2Oxidation resistance of the coating.
Preparing a Si element thin layer on the molybdenum alloy, and forming a Mo-Si element transition layer by a subsequent laser cladding process. The basic physical properties of the transition layer are between those of molybdenum alloy and MoSi2Thus, the molybdenum alloy and MoSi can be coordinated2Can improve the difference of the thermal expansion coefficients of the molybdenum alloy and the MoSi2Bond strength between coatings. However, the thickness of Si element is not preferably too large, and it is only required to be 20-30 μm, because when the thickness of Si element is larger, more Mo will appear in the transition layer5Si3And the high-temperature oxidation resistance of the coating is reduced, the linear expansion coefficient of the coating has obvious directionality, and microcracks are easy to appear between the coating and the molybdenum alloy matrix. Therefore, in the patent, a magnetron sputtering method is adopted to sputter a Si element thin layer with the thickness of 20-30 μm on the molybdenum alloy.
The laser cladding technology has the characteristics of small dilution, compact structure, good combination of the coating and the matrix and the like, so that the laser cladding technology is adopted to prepare MoSi on the molybdenum alloy of the sputtering Si element layer2The coating can improve the performances of wear resistance, corrosion resistance, heat resistance, oxidation resistance and the like of the surface of the molybdenum alloy. Preparation of MoSi by laser cladding2When the coating is coated, further alloying elements are required to be added for multi-element alloying so as to improve the service performance of the coating. Al and Cr element to MoSi2The oxidation resistance of the coating is beneficial, the high-temperature performance of the coating can be improved by Nb and W elements, and the MoSi can be improved by Cr and Ti elements2Room temperature mechanical properties, Al and Nb elements can also improve MoSi2The toughness of (3). Multiple addition of alloying elements can be added to MoSi2The coating has alloying effect on improving MoSi2The mechanical property of the coating has obvious effect, the stress concentration and cracking tendency of the coating in the using process can be reduced, and the MoSi of the coating can be improved2Oxidation resistance of the coating.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the MoSi on the surface of the molybdenum alloy prepared in example 1 of the present invention2Metallographic structure of the coating cross section.
Detailed Description
Comparative example 1
Firstly, the surface of the molybdenum alloy is polished, and ultrasonic cleaning and drying are carried out by alcohol. The alloy powder which comprises Mo 60%, Nb 3.5%, W3.0%, Cr 2.5%, Ti 2.0%, Al 2.0% and the balance of Si in percentage by mass is ball-milled for 18h at the rotating speed of 300 r/min. Then adhering the alloy powder on the surface of the molybdenum alloy by adopting acetone, presetting the thickness of the alloy powder to be 0.5mm, then placing the molybdenum alloy powder in a heating furnace at 140 ℃ and drying for 30 min. Laser scanning is carried out on the molybdenum alloy by adopting a laser, the lapping rate of the laser scanning is 40%, the laser power is 2.0kW, the scanning speed is 8mm/s, and the MoSi on the surface is prepared2And (4) coating. The bonding strength of the substrate and the coating is detected to be 7.4 MPa.
Example 1
Firstly, the surface of the molybdenum alloy is polished, ultrasonic cleaning is carried out by alcohol, drying is carried out, and then a thin Si layer with the thickness of 25 mu m is sputtered on the molybdenum alloy through magnetron sputtering, high-purity argon is used as sputtering gas, the flow of the argon is 25sccm, and the sputtering pressure of the argon is 0.25 Pa. The alloy powder which comprises 60 mass percent of Mo, 3.5 mass percent of Nb, 3.0 mass percent of W, 2.5 mass percent of Cr, 2.0 mass percent of Ti, 2.0 mass percent of Al and the balance of Si is ball-milled for a long time, wherein the ball-milling time is 18h, and the rotating speed is 300 r/min. Then, the alloy powder is adhered to the surface of the molybdenum alloy sputtered with the Si thin layer by acetone, the thickness of the preset alloy powder is 0.5mm, and then the alloy powder is placed in a heating furnace at the temperature of 140 ℃ and dried for 30 min. Laser scanning is carried out on the molybdenum alloy sputtered with the Si thin layer by adopting a laser, the lapping rate of the laser scanning is 40 percent, the laser power is 2.0kW, the scanning speed is 8mm/s, and the MoSi on the surface is prepared2And (4) coating. The bonding strength of the substrate and the coating is 9.3MPa through detection, and compared with the comparative example 1, the bonding strength of the substrate and the coating is obviously improved under the same laser process parameters. FIG. 1 shows the MoSi on the surface of the molybdenum alloy prepared by the invention2The metallographic structure of the cross section of the coating can be seen from the figure, and the MoSi prepared by laser cladding can be seen2The coating has uniform and compact structure and good combination with the molybdenum alloy.
Example 2
Firstly, the molybdenum alloy is subjected to surface treatmentSurface polishing, ultrasonic cleaning with alcohol, baking, and then sputtering a thin layer of Si with a thickness of 20 μm on the molybdenum alloy by magnetron sputtering, using high-purity argon as a sputtering gas, the flow of argon was 25sccm, and the argon sputtering pressure was 0.25 Pa. The alloy powder which comprises 55 mass percent of Mo, 5.5 mass percent of Nb, 4.5 mass percent of W, 3.5 mass percent of Cr, 2.5 mass percent of Ti, 3.0 mass percent of Al and the balance of Si is ball-milled for a long time, the ball-milling time is 21h, and the rotating speed is 350 r/min. Then, adhering the alloy powder to the surface of the molybdenum alloy sputtered with the Si thin layer by using acetone, presetting the thickness of the alloy powder to be 0.8mm, then placing the alloy powder in a heating furnace at 150 ℃, and drying for 30 min. Laser scanning is carried out on the molybdenum alloy sputtered with the Si thin layer by adopting a laser, the lapping rate of the laser scanning is 40 percent, the laser power is 2.2kW, the scanning speed is 6mm/s, and the MoSi on the surface is prepared2And (4) coating. The bonding strength of the substrate and the coating is detected to be 9.1 MPa.
Example 3
Firstly, the surface of the molybdenum alloy is polished, ultrasonic cleaning is carried out by alcohol, drying is carried out, and then a thin Si layer with the thickness of 30 mu m is sputtered on the molybdenum alloy through magnetron sputtering, high-purity argon is used as sputtering gas, the flow of the argon is 25sccm, and the sputtering pressure of the argon is 0.25 Pa. The alloy powder which comprises 50% of Mo, 7.5% of Nb, 6.0% of W, 4.5% of Cr, 3.5% of Ti, 5.5% of Al and the balance of Si in percentage by mass is ball-milled for a long time, the ball-milling time is 24 hours, and the rotating speed is 400 r/min. Then, adhering the alloy powder to the surface of the molybdenum alloy sputtered with the Si thin layer by using acetone, presetting the thickness of the alloy powder to be 1.0mm, then placing the alloy powder in a heating furnace at 160 ℃, and drying for 40 min. Laser scanning is carried out on the molybdenum alloy sputtered with the Si thin layer by adopting a laser, the lapping rate of the laser scanning is 40 percent, the laser power is 2.4kW, the scanning speed is 8mm/s, and the MoSi on the surface is prepared2And (4) coating. The bonding strength of the substrate and the coating is detected to be 9.6 MPa.

Claims (7)

1. Molybdenum alloy surface laser cladding preparation MoSi2A method of coating, comprising the steps of:
(1) polishing the surface of the molybdenum alloy plate, cleaning and drying;
(2) sputtering a Si thin layer on the molybdenum alloy plate obtained in the step (1) through magnetron sputtering;
(3) ball milling silicon-containing alloy powder;
(4) presetting the silicon-containing alloy powder obtained in the step (3) on the molybdenum alloy sputtered with the Si thin layer obtained in the step (2);
(5) laser scanning is carried out on the molybdenum alloy of the preset alloy powder obtained in the step (4) by adopting a laser to prepare MoSi on the surface2Coating;
the thickness of the Si thin layer in the step (2) is 20-30 mu m.
2. The molybdenum alloy surface laser cladding MoSi preparation method according to claim 12The coating method is characterized in that the silicon-containing alloy powder in the step (3) comprises, by mass, 50-60% of Mo, 3.5-7.5% of Nb, 3.0-6.0% of W, 2.5-4.5% of Cr, 2.0-3.5% of Ti, 2.0-5.5% of Al, and the balance of Si.
3. The molybdenum alloy surface laser cladding MoSi preparation method according to claim 22The coating method is characterized in that Mo, Nb, W, Cr, Ti, Al and Si are all added in the form of alloy powder, the purity of each element powder is more than 99.5%, and the particle diameter is less than 4.5 μm.
4. The molybdenum alloy surface laser cladding MoSi preparation method according to claim 12The coating method is characterized in that in the magnetron sputtering in the step (2), high-purity argon is used as a sputtering gas, the flow of the argon is 25-35 sccm, and the argon sputtering pressure is 0.15-0.35 Pa.
5. The molybdenum alloy surface laser cladding MoSi preparation method according to claim 12The coating method is characterized in that the ball milling time in the step (3) is 18-24 hours, and the ball milling rotating speed is 300-450 r/min.
6. The molybdenum alloy surface laser cladding of claim 1Preparation of MoSi2The coating method is characterized in that in the step (4), the presetting is to adhere silicon-containing alloy powder to the surface of the molybdenum alloy sputtered with the Si thin layer by adopting alcohol or acetone, the thickness of the preset silicon-containing alloy powder is 0.5-1.0 mm, the preset silicon-containing alloy powder is placed in a heating furnace at the temperature of 140-160 ℃, and the drying is carried out for 30-40 min.
7. The molybdenum alloy surface laser cladding MoSi preparation method according to claim 12The coating method is characterized in that in the step (5), the lapping rate of laser scanning is 40-60%, the laser power is 2.0-2.4 kW, and the scanning speed is 4-8 mm/s.
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CN112760636B (en) * 2020-12-23 2022-08-02 长安大学 Method for in-situ synthesis of molybdenum-silicon-boron alloy coating by laser cladding
CN112919475A (en) * 2021-03-10 2021-06-08 南京理工大学 Method for synthesizing molybdenum disilicide powder
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