CN109234662A - A kind of subsonic speed laser spraying technique suitable for rectangular light spot - Google Patents
A kind of subsonic speed laser spraying technique suitable for rectangular light spot Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109234662A CN109234662A CN201811427153.9A CN201811427153A CN109234662A CN 109234662 A CN109234662 A CN 109234662A CN 201811427153 A CN201811427153 A CN 201811427153A CN 109234662 A CN109234662 A CN 109234662A
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- laser
- light spot
- rectangular light
- powder
- spraying
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/123—Spraying molten metal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of subsonic speed laser spraying techniques suitable for rectangular light spot, and high speed, efficient, quality coating preparation can be realized under higher process velocity；According to the above technical scheme, during rectangular light spot laser spraying, powder particle can be heated before reaching matrix by laser to be melted and accelerates, and is struck and is irradiated with a laser micro- molten matrix surface formation coating；Therefore it can realize that spraying rate is very fast using the laser of (1~10kW) to match with spot size, spray the preparation of the coating of wider width, so that spraying rate and spray efficiency be greatly improved.Additionally due to the controllable precise of energy, can prepare the coating down to 10~300 micron thickness；And matrix dilution rate is extremely low (being lower than 1%), can farthest play the excellent properties of coating material itself.Since coating is relatively thin, the utilization rate of sprayed on material is higher, can save spraying expense；Since matrix heat input is smaller, stress and the deformation of matrix can be greatly lowered.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to laser gain material manufacture, laser melting coating and laser thermal jet technologies to apply field, in particular to a kind of to be applicable in
In the subsonic speed laser spraying technique of rectangular light spot.
Background technique
Currently, realizing the demands such as anti-corrosion, wear-resisting for workpiece in mechanical processing industry, need to carry out special place to workpiece
Reason, common processing mode are as follows:
1, technique for overlaying: utilizing electric arc or plasma arc, by melting one layer of anti-corrosion or wear-resisting material on the surface of the workpiece
To play the requirement of special applications, the outstanding feature of this coating are as follows: coating layer thickness is thicker, generally 2~3mm, and coating combines
Intensity is higher, is metallurgical bonding, but limits to are as follows: heat input is larger, the larger mechanicalness that will cause coating and workpiece of deflection
It can decline.
2, laser melting and coating technique: laser is utilized, on the surface of the workpiece the alloy coat of one layer of specific demand of cladding, this painting
The outstanding feature of layer are as follows: bond strength is higher, is metallurgical bonding, and heat input is smaller, and deformation is small, but prominent disadvantage are as follows: cladding
Speed is lower to be generally up to 600mm/min, and powder waste is larger, and cladding efficiency is lower, and surface smoothness is poor.
3, plasma spray technology: realize powder in the deposition of workpiece surface, this painting using electric arc, flame or plasma arc
Layer outstanding feature be cost is relatively low, coating layer thickness can control, but disadvantage are as follows: coating and and matrix between binding force be machine
Tool combines, and bond strength is lower.
4, laser thermal spraying: with the development of laser, having promoted the development of thermal spraying theory, be born laser thermal spraying this
One technology field, the outstanding feature of the technique are combined into metallurgical bonding between coating and matrix, and bond strength is higher, coating
Thickness can be with controllable precise, and heat input is smaller, and matrix deformation is smaller；There are the shortcomings that are as follows: compared with thermal spraying, process velocity compared with
Slowly.
Laser spraying equipment currently used in the market is that circular light spot cooperates corresponding powder-feeding nozzle to realize processing,
Due to being circular light spot, single track cladding narrower width will cause, the problem of processing efficiency is low.If hot spot is become rectangle
Then hot spot cooperates corresponding powder-feeding nozzle to be processed, compared with circular light spot (general diameter is less than 5mm), single track spray
It is wider to apply broadband, thus spray efficiency is higher.Laser rectangle sprays compared with laser rectangle cladding, and laser rectangle melting and coating technique is swept
It is relatively slow (generally below 300mm/min) to retouch speed, cladding efficiency is still lower, and laser rectangle spray process efficiency is common square
The bond strength of the 2 times or more of shape cladding, coating is higher, is similarly metallurgical bonding.
Industrial common laser type is optical fiber laser and two kinds of semiconductor laser, and optical fiber laser can lead to
The light spot shape that certain size specification is obtained using optical mirror slip, such as rectangle, rectangular or circular light spot are crossed, this eyeglass can
To convert flat-top distribution by Gaussian Profile for the Energy distribution of optical fiber laser；For semiconductor laser, Ke Yifen
For fiber coupling and directly two kinds of output, for direct output semiconductor laser, the interior lights of laser can be passed through
Structure is learned to realize the variation of different hot spots, laser facula can be rectangle or other shapes, and Energy distribution is uniform flat-top
Distribution；It is similar with optical fiber laser for the semiconductor laser of optical fiber transmission, light can be passed through in fiber-optic output
Learn the light spot shape that eyeglass obtains certain size specification.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is that providing a kind of subsonic speed rectangular light spot laser spraying work to solve the above-mentioned problems
Skill solves the problems, such as ordinary rectangular light spot laser cladding inefficiency.
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a kind of technical solutions: a kind of subsonic speed suitable for rectangular light spot
Laser spraying technique, innovative point are: the laser spraying technique the following steps are included:
A, equipment selects: selecting suitable laser spraying equipment according to the shape of workpiece；
B, material selects: selecting the powder of suitable sprayed on material according to the technological requirements；
C, pre-process: the surface to be sprayed to substrate carries out roughing；
D, it examines: testing to the surface state after substrate roughing, entering next step after qualified；
E, it sprays: spray process is carried out to substrate surface after the assay was approved by laser spraying equipment；
F, it post-processes: fine grinding is carried out to the substrate surface after spraying.
Preferably, the powder in the step A is ferrous alloy, cobalt-base alloys and nickel-base alloy and metal-based compound
Powder.
Preferably, the powder is prepared using inert gas atomizer.
Preferably, the powder size section is 10~300 μm, sphericity >=60%.
Preferably, it is 1~10kW, laser that the parameter area of the laser spraying equipment in the step B, which is laser power,
It along the feed speed of revolving body axis direction is 0.2~10mm/s, laser energy that head scanning speed, which is 1~60m/min or laser head,
Amount 50%~90% is for melting powder, and for residue for melting substrate, positive out of focus, which can be used, also can be used negative defocus, processing
Spot size at face is that length direction is 3~50mm, and width direction is 1~20mm, distance of the feeding head apart from workpiece surface
For 6~50mm, mill diagram convergent point is 0.5~15mm apart from workpiece surface, and amyloid plaque is 2~50mm, width having a size of length direction
Direction is 1~20mm, and powder sending quantity is 10~1000g/min, and coating layer thickness is 10~3000 μm.
Preferably, the pretreatment in the step C is carried out slightly by lathe or the milling machine surface to be sprayed to substrate
Vehicle or rough milling.
Preferably, the inspection in the step D is to substrate roughing rear surface flatness, roughness and whether there is or not open
The inspection that mouth property defect carries out.
Preferably, the post-processing in the step F is to be refined by grinding machine to the substrate sprayed surface after spraying
Processing.
Preferably, the hot spot is rectangular or square hot spot, is directly exported by laser or carried out by laser head
It is exported after shaping；The feeding head is rectangle powder feeding nozzle.
Beneficial effects of the present invention: present invention novelty develops a kind of subsonic speed laser spray suitable for rectangular light spot
Technique is applied, which can realize high speed, efficient, quality coating preparation under higher process velocity；According to above-mentioned skill
Art scheme, during rectangular light spot laser spraying, powder particle can be hot-melted and add added by laser before reaching matrix
Speed forms coating to micro- molten matrix surface with higher speed impacts；It therefore can be using (1 to match with spot size
~10kW) laser realize with faster speed prepares coating, so that spray efficiency is greatly improved, additionally due to energy
Controllable precise, the coating down to 10~300 micron thickness can be prepared；And matrix dilution rate is extremely low (being lower than 1%), and it can
Farthest play the excellent properties of coating material itself；Since matrix heat input is smaller, answering for matrix can be greatly lowered
Power and deformation.
Detailed description of the invention
Detailed description will be given by the following detailed implementation and drawings by the present invention for ease of explanation,.
Fig. 1 is laser spraying powder and laser schematic diagram.
1- substrate；2- coating；3- laser；4- mill diagram；5- feeding head powder inlet.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, present embodiment uses following technical scheme: a kind of subsonic speed suitable for rectangular light spot is sharp
Light spraying process, the laser spraying technique the following steps are included:
A, equipment selects: selecting suitable laser spraying equipment according to the shape of workpiece；
B, material selects: selecting the powder of suitable sprayed on material according to the technological requirements；
C, pre-process: the surface to be sprayed to substrate carries out roughing；
D, it examines: testing to the surface state after substrate roughing, entering next step after qualified；
E, it sprays: spray process is carried out to substrate surface after the assay was approved by laser spraying equipment；
F, it post-processes: fine grinding is carried out to the substrate surface after spraying.
Wherein, the powder in the step A is ferrous alloy, cobalt-base alloys and nickel-base alloy and metal-based compound powder
End；The powder is prepared using inert gas atomizer；The powder size section is 10~300 μm, sphericity >=60%.
Wherein, it is 1~10kW, laser head that the parameter area of laser spraying equipment described in the step B, which is laser power,
It along the feed speed of revolving body axis direction is 0.2~10mm/s, laser energy that scanning speed, which is 1~60m/min or laser head,
50%~90% for melting powder, and residue can be used positive out of focus also and negative defocus, machined surface can be used for melting substrate
The spot size at place is that length direction is 3~50mm, and width direction is 1~20mm, and distance of the feeding head apart from workpiece surface is 6
~50mm, mill diagram convergent point are 0.5~15mm apart from workpiece surface, and amyloid plaque is 2~50mm, width direction having a size of length direction
For 1~20mm, powder sending quantity is 10~1000g/min, and coating layer thickness is 10~3000 μm.
Wherein, the pretreatment in the step C be carried out by lathe or the milling machine surface to be sprayed to substrate it is rough turn or
Rough milling.
Wherein, the inspection in the step D is to substrate roughing rear surface flatness, roughness and whether there is or not Kekelé structure counts
The inspection that defect carries out.
Wherein, the post-processing in the step F is to carry out fine grinding to the substrate sprayed surface after spraying by grinding machine.
Wherein, the hot spot is rectangular or square hot spot, is directly exported by laser or carries out shaping by laser head
After export；The feeding head is rectangle powder feeding nozzle.
Use state of the invention are as follows:
When manufacturing car clutch sheet by this technique, basic material Q235, powder 316L；
Equipment: 4kW semiconductor optical fibre coupled laser, optical fiber core diameter are 600 μm；6 axis robot processing systems；Rectangular light
Spot laser head (output facula is having a size of 10 × 2mm), powder-feeding nozzle (amyloid plaque is having a size of 10 × 2mm), powder feeder.
Process flow:
1, clutch disc is mounted on and carries out rough milling processing on milling machine；
2, supplied materials nondestructive testing is carried out to the clutch disc after rough milling, sees that whether there is or not Kekelé structure count defects on surface；
3, it will be mounted in 6 axis robot processing systems by the clutch disc of Incoming Quality Control, use the Asia of rectangular light spot
Velocity of sound laser spraying technique carries out spray process to workpiece；Laser power is 4kW, scanning speed 1500mm/min, powder sending quantity
For 33g/min；
4, fine grinding is carried out to the workpiece sprayed.
The coating layer thickness of final workpiece surface is 200 μm, and single track width is 10mm, matrix dilution rate < 2%, coating hardness
For 45HRC.
A kind of rotating shaft, basic material 27SiMn, powder Fe55 are manufactured by this technique；
Equipment: 4kW semiconductor optical fibre coupled laser, optical fiber core diameter are 600 μm；Revolution spraying lathe；Rectangular light spot swashs
Bare headed (output facula is having a size of 10 × 2mm), powder-feeding nozzle (amyloid plaque is having a size of 10 × 2mm), powder feeder.
Process flow:
1, rotating shaft is mounted on lathe and carries out rough turn processing；
2, supplied materials nondestructive testing is carried out to the rotating shaft after rough turn, sees that whether there is or not Kekelé structure count defects on surface；
3, laser spraying will be mounted on by the rotating shaft of Incoming Quality Control to turn round on lathe, use the subsonic speed of rectangular light spot
Laser spraying technique carries out spray process to workpiece；Laser power is 4kW, scanning speed 1700mm/min, and powder sending quantity is
38g/min；
4, fine grinding is carried out to the workpiece sprayed.
The coating layer thickness of final workpiece surface is 250 μm, and single track width is 10mm, matrix dilution rate < 2%, coating hardness
For 55.5HRC.
In the description of invention, it is to be understood that term " coaxial ", " bottom ", " one end ", " top ", " middle part ",
The orientation or positional relationship of the instructions such as " other end ", "upper", " side ", " top ", "inner", " front ", " center ", " both ends " is
It is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, is merely for convenience of description invention and simplifies description, rather than indication or suggestion
Signified device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore should not be understood as to hair
Bright limitation.
In invention unless specifically defined or limited otherwise, term " installation ", " setting ", " connection ", " fixation ", " rotation
Connect " etc. terms shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, or integral；It can be
Mechanical connection, is also possible to be electrically connected；It can be directly connected, two can also be can be indirectly connected through an intermediary
The interaction relationship of connection or two elements inside element, unless otherwise restricted clearly, for the common skill of this field
For art personnel, concrete meaning of the above-mentioned term in invention can be understood as the case may be.
The advantages of basic principles and main features and invention of invention have been shown and described above, the technical staff of the industry
It should be appreciated that invention is not restricted to the described embodiments, the above embodiments and description only describe the originals of invention
Reason, under the premise of not departing from spirit and range, invention be will also have various changes and improvements, these changes and improvements are all fallen
Enter within the scope of claimed invention, invents claimed range and be defined by the appending claims and its equivalent thereof.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of subsonic speed laser spraying technique suitable for rectangular light spot, it is characterised in that: the laser spraying process flow
The following steps are included:
A, equipment selects: selecting suitable laser spraying equipment according to the shape of workpiece；
B, material selects: selecting the powder of suitable sprayed on material according to the technological requirements；
C, pre-process: the surface to be sprayed to substrate carries out roughing；
D, it examines: testing to the surface state after substrate roughing, entering next step after qualified；
E, it sprays: spray process is carried out to substrate surface after the assay was approved by laser spraying equipment；
F, it post-processes: fine grinding is carried out to the substrate surface after spraying.
2. a kind of subsonic speed laser spraying technique suitable for rectangular light spot according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
Stating powder described in step A is ferrous alloy, cobalt-base alloys and nickel-base alloy and metal-based compound powder.
3. a kind of subsonic speed laser spraying technique suitable for rectangular light spot according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: institute
Powder is stated to be prepared using inert gas atomizer.
4. a kind of subsonic speed laser spraying technique suitable for rectangular light spot according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: institute
Stating powder size section is 10~300 μm, sphericity >=60%.
5. a kind of subsonic speed laser spraying technique suitable for rectangular light spot according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
It is 1~10kW that the parameter area for stating the laser spraying equipment in step B, which is laser power, and laser head scanning speed is 1~60m/
Min or laser head are 0.2~10mm/s along the feed speed of revolving body axis direction, and laser energy 50%~90% is for melting
Change powder, for residue for melting substrate, positive out of focus, which can be used, also can be used negative defocus, and the spot size at machined surface is length
Degree direction is 3~50mm, and width direction is 1~20mm, and distance of the feeding head apart from workpiece surface is 6~50mm, mill diagram convergence
Point is 0.5~15mm apart from workpiece surface, and amyloid plaque is 2~50mm having a size of length direction, and width direction is 1~20mm, powder feeding
Amount is 10~1000g/min, and coating layer thickness is 10~3000 μm.
6. a kind of subsonic speed laser spraying technique suitable for rectangular light spot according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
Stating the pretreatment in step C is to carry out rough turn or rough milling by lathe or the milling machine surface to be sprayed to substrate.
7. a kind of subsonic speed laser spraying technique suitable for rectangular light spot according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
State the inspection in step D be to substrate roughing rear surface flatness, roughness and whether there is or not Kekelé structure count defect carry out inspection.
8. a kind of subsonic speed laser spraying technique suitable for rectangular light spot according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
Stating the post-processing in step F is to carry out fine grinding to the substrate sprayed surface after spraying by grinding machine.
9. a kind of subsonic speed laser spraying technique suitable for rectangular light spot according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: institute
Stating hot spot is rectangular or square hot spot, is directly exported by laser or is exported after carrying out shaping by laser head；The powder feeding
Head is rectangle powder feeding nozzle.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811427153.9A CN109234662A (en) | 2018-11-27 | 2018-11-27 | A kind of subsonic speed laser spraying technique suitable for rectangular light spot |
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| CN201811427153.9A CN109234662A (en) | 2018-11-27 | 2018-11-27 | A kind of subsonic speed laser spraying technique suitable for rectangular light spot |
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Family
ID=65073656
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| CN201811427153.9A Pending CN109234662A (en) | 2018-11-27 | 2018-11-27 | A kind of subsonic speed laser spraying technique suitable for rectangular light spot |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109797359A (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2019-05-24 | 李晓君 | A kind of supersonic speed rectangular light spot center powder-feeding laser spraying process |
| CN111455378A (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2020-07-28 | 亚琛联合科技（天津）有限公司 | High-efficiency rectangular light spot laser cladding method |
| CN113210844A (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2021-08-06 | 浙江工业大学 | Process method for enhancing sealing performance of welded shell of lithium ion battery based on supersonic laser deposition technology |
| CN115478272A (en) * | 2022-09-01 | 2022-12-16 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Laser cladding method, laser cladding device, electronic device, and medium |
| CN115572968A (en) * | 2022-09-15 | 2023-01-06 | 浙江工业大学 | Method for depositing semi-solid coating based on high-speed particle/high-energy laser synchronous coupling |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109797359A (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2019-05-24 | 李晓君 | A kind of supersonic speed rectangular light spot center powder-feeding laser spraying process |
| CN111455378A (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2020-07-28 | 亚琛联合科技（天津）有限公司 | High-efficiency rectangular light spot laser cladding method |
| CN113210844A (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2021-08-06 | 浙江工业大学 | Process method for enhancing sealing performance of welded shell of lithium ion battery based on supersonic laser deposition technology |
| CN115478272A (en) * | 2022-09-01 | 2022-12-16 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Laser cladding method, laser cladding device, electronic device, and medium |
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| CN115572968A (en) * | 2022-09-15 | 2023-01-06 | 浙江工业大学 | Method for depositing semi-solid coating based on high-speed particle/high-energy laser synchronous coupling |
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