CN109229294B - Semi-submersible drilling platform lower box - Google Patents
Semi-submersible drilling platform lower box Download PDFInfo
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- CN109229294B CN109229294B CN201811359118.8A CN201811359118A CN109229294B CN 109229294 B CN109229294 B CN 109229294B CN 201811359118 A CN201811359118 A CN 201811359118A CN 109229294 B CN109229294 B CN 109229294B
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 241001417523 Plesiopidae Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000639 Spring steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008450 motivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
- B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
- B63B35/4413—Floating drilling platforms, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B17/00—Vessels parts, details, or accessories, not otherwise provided for
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B43/00—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for
- B63B43/02—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for reducing risk of capsizing or sinking
- B63B43/04—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for reducing risk of capsizing or sinking by improving stability
- B63B43/06—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for reducing risk of capsizing or sinking by improving stability using ballast tanks
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
- B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
- B63B2035/4433—Floating structures carrying electric power plants
- B63B2035/4466—Floating structures carrying electric power plants for converting water energy into electric energy, e.g. from tidal flows, waves or currents
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a lower box body of a semi-submersible drilling platform, which comprises the following basic structures: the main bin is provided with a closed cabin, and a horizontal guide hole is formed in the circumferential direction of the main bin; the flow resisting plates are distributed at given distances on the periphery of the main bin; the ejector rods are arranged on the same horizontal plane, each flow resisting plate is at least provided with two ejector rods, and the ejector rods are in liquid-tight fit with the guide holes to form a moving pair; a reset device for providing a force for the flow resisting plate in a direction away from the main bin; the crank slide block mechanism is positioned in the main bin, the ejector rod is a driving piece of the crank slide block mechanism, and the ejector rod has a definite working stroke; and a generator driven by the crank block mechanism. The lower box body of the semi-submersible drilling platform can effectively reduce the rolling and pitching of the semi-submersible drilling platform.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a lower box body of a semi-submersible drilling platform.
Background
Semi-submersible drilling platforms, also known as column-stabilized drilling platforms. Semi-submersible drilling platforms are a small water plane mobile drilling platform with most of the floating body below the water surface, and are evolved from bottoming drilling platforms. The semi-submersible drilling platform consists of a platform body, upright posts and a lower body or a buoyancy tank, wherein the buoyancy tank is also called a lower tank body or a caisson, and the semi-submersible drilling platform is also called a caisson type drilling platform as a whole.
The caisson type drilling platform is characterized in that a plurality of upright posts are arranged on the same circumference, the upright posts are used for supporting the drilling platform, and the lower ends of the upright posts are arranged on the caisson or the lower box body. The lower box body is round, rectangular or shoe-shaped, and the lower box body corresponds to the upright columns one by one, and generally has 3-5 lower box bodies. The stability of the semi-submersible is dependent on the weight of the lower tank, the heavier the lower tank, the smaller the amplitude of the roll and pitch of the semi-submersible.
The open sea hydrology, weather condition is comparatively complicated, and drilling platform normal operation needs an extremely stable operational environment, and deep sea operation is unsuitable anchoring location, can only adopt dynamic positioning system, so improve its stability on the basis of platform dynamic positioning system and is the heavy of scholars' research.
The sea wave has certain regularity, and the period is 0.5-25 seconds. The open sea lacks an anchor point, and it is not practical to establish a wave-proof facility, and even if the wave-proof facility exists, the wave-proof facility needs to be installed on a semi-submersible drilling platform, and the kinetic energy of sea waves finally acts on the drilling platform.
The invention has the motivation to convert part of sea wave kinetic energy into electric energy, thereby reducing the impact of surge on the semi-submersible drilling platform. With respect to devices that generate electricity from wave energy, typically, chinese patent documents CN108005840a or CN108691724A, for example, use a buoyancy tank to push the rack and pinion mechanism to move. The buoyancy of wave crest and wave trough change is mainly utilized to push the buoyancy tank, and the semi-submersible drilling platform is the most difficult to solve and heave, and the influence on the rolling and pitching of the semi-submersible drilling platform is very limited. Regarding the rack and pinion mechanism, it is difficult not only to lubricate but also to preserve when exposed to sea waves in use. The gear rack mechanism can convert linear motion into rotation, but the change of wave peaks and troughs is a reciprocating change, the current output stability of a motor driven by a gear is poor, the current direction is changed, and the motor is difficult to rectify and use.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a semi-submersible lower box body of a semi-submersible drilling platform, which can effectively reduce rolling and pitching of the semi-submersible drilling platform.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a lower case of a semi-submersible drilling platform, the basic structure of which includes:
The main bin is provided with a closed cabin, and a horizontal guide hole is formed in the circumferential direction of the main bin;
the flow resisting plates are distributed at given distances on the periphery of the main bin;
The ejector rods are arranged on the same horizontal plane, each flow resisting plate is at least provided with two ejector rods, and the ejector rods are in liquid-tight fit with the guide holes to form a moving pair;
a reset device for providing a force for the flow resisting plate in a direction away from the main bin;
The crank slide block mechanism is positioned in the main bin, the ejector rod is a driving piece of the crank slide block mechanism, and the ejector rod has a definite working stroke; and
And the generator is driven by the crank block mechanism.
The semi-submersible drilling platform lower box body is characterized in that the ejector rod is provided with an upper row and a lower row in the vertical direction.
Optionally, the reset device is a reset spring sleeved on the ejector rod, one end of the reset spring is propped against the outer surface of the main bin, and the other end of the reset spring is propped against the inner side surface of the flow resisting plate.
Optionally, a positioning groove for positioning the end part of the return spring is formed at the position propped by the return spring.
Optionally, the main compartment has, in a top view:
A main body having a rectangular structure in a plan view and having a pair of short sides and a pair of long sides;
ends, which are half round heads with the short sides as diameters, and form ends at two ends of the main body in the long side direction;
correspondingly, the number of the flow-resisting plates is four, one pair is an arc flow-resisting plate, and the other pair is a direct flow-resisting plate;
wherein, the arc flow-resisting plate is arranged at the end side, and the direct flow-resisting plate is arranged at the long side.
Optionally, a sealed bin is provided for each slider-crank mechanism within the main bin.
Optionally, a crank of the crank slider mechanism is provided with a pair of bearings, and two ends of the crank are respectively connected with a generator;
The connecting rods of the crank slide block mechanism are provided with a pair, and the two connecting rods are respectively arranged at two sides of the ejector rod and are connected with the ejector rod.
Optionally, the ejector rod is connected with the connecting rod through a ox horn shaft.
Optionally, an auxiliary bin is arranged on the lower side of the main bin, and the geometrical structure of the auxiliary bin is similar to and larger than that of the main bin in a overlook state;
the secondary bin is concentric with the primary bin.
Optionally, the secondary bin edge forms an inside dead point of the working stroke of the flow-resisting plate.
According to the lower box body of the semi-submersible drilling platform, the flow resisting plates are distributed on the periphery of the main bin, so that the transverse and longitudinal impacts of sea waves are directly resisted, part of sea wave energy is converted into kinetic energy of the flow resisting plates, the flow resisting plates push the ejector rods, the ejector rods form a driving piece of the crank-slider mechanism, and the crank-slider mechanism drives the generator to convert the kinetic energy into electric energy. According to the embodiment of the invention, part of sea wave energy can be converted into electric energy, so that the influence on the rolling and pitching of the semi-submersible drilling platform is reduced, and electric energy can be generated for equipment on the semi-submersible drilling platform. The crank block mechanism has a definite working stroke, and the invention does not deliberately seek to convert more wave energy, so that the working stroke of the ejector rod can be completed completely, thereby ensuring that the crank block mechanism rotates in the same direction and ensuring the certainty of the current direction.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a top-down structure of a lower box of a semi-submersible drilling rig according to an embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a schematic front view of a lower casing of a semi-submersible drilling platform according to an embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a power generation system in an embodiment.
In the figure: 1. the hydraulic engine comprises a stroke space, an interference clearance, a push rod, a power generation bin, a direct-current plate, a return spring, a main bin, a secondary bin, an arc-current plate, a generator, a ox horn shaft, a crankshaft, a connecting rod and a bearing seat.
Detailed Description
In the structure shown in fig. 1, the geometry of the main compartment 7 and the auxiliary compartment 8 is a so-called waist-shaped structure, i.e. a combination of the geometry of one rectangular portion and two semicircular portions, in a top view.
It will be appreciated that in the art, the main vessel 7 is of conventional construction and without the auxiliary vessel 8, for example, the main vessel 7 is typically empty and may be filled with seawater to lower the centre of gravity and improve the stability of the semi-submersible rig.
In addition, some devices are installed in the main bin 7, and in the whole, a plurality of sub bins are arranged in the main bin 7, and part of sub bins are used for filling or discharging seawater so as to adjust the height of the semi-submersible drilling platform.
It is understood that the space enclosed by the bin wall is internal and the bin is external, and the bin is provided with a certain internal and external on the basis.
In addition, in azimuth, the main cabin 7 is generally under water or partially under water, and also has a definite up-down structure.
The basic structure of the lower box body of the semi-submersible drilling platform shown in fig. 1 comprises a main bin 7 and a plurality of flow resisting plates arranged on the periphery of the main bin 7, wherein two arc flow resisting plates 9 and a direct flow resisting plate 5 are shown in the figure. In addition, the flow resisting plate is arranged on the outer side of the bin wall of the main bin 7 through the ejector rod 3, the ejector rod 3 provides guiding and transmission, wherein the bin wall of the main bin 7 is provided with a guide hole, and the guide hole is in the horizontal direction. The ejector rod 3 and the guide hole are matched to form a moving pair, and the ejector rod 3 and the guide hole are matched in a liquid-tight mode.
The liquid seal fit is not absolutely tight, and includes a main chamber 7, and a drainage system is provided to maintain balance of water in the main chamber 7, and the liquid seal fit does not affect the generator 10.
As for the main compartment 7, it is known from the foregoing that it constitutes a relatively closed compartment, and is identical to the conventional lower case, and may be provided with the same structure and compartment form as the conventional lower case. The main bin 7 is provided with horizontal guide holes in the circumferential direction.
In fig. 1, two types of flow-stopping plates are distributed on the periphery of the main bin 7, and a given distance is provided between the two types of flow-stopping plates and the main bin 7, namely a travel space 1 shown in fig. 1, for determining the working travel of the flow-stopping plates.
It will be appreciated that the working stroke of the flow-stopping plate is identical to the working stroke of the slider-crank mechanism slider, and may be constrained by the mechanical properties of the slider-crank mechanism, and may be defined by statically determinate components, such as baffles welded to the main compartment 7, in order to reduce the impact on the mechanical nodes.
The baffle is mainly used for limiting the inner dead point of the flow-resisting plate, and for the outer dead point, a collar can be arranged on the ejector rod 3, and it is understood that the collar is positioned at the inner end side of the guide hole.
For the ejector rods 3, at least two ejector rods 3 are adapted to each flow-resisting plate on the same horizontal plane, and the fact that the ocean current has time-varying properties although the certainty of the ocean current direction is relatively high, the impact force of the ocean current on the flow-resisting plate is mostly not in the axial direction of the ejector rods 3, so that the ejector rods 3 are influenced by harmful component force, namely component force perpendicular to the axial direction of the ejector rods 3, the component force not only influences the smoothness of the ejector rods 3, but also causes the ejector rods 3 to fail too quickly.
The two or more ejector rods 3 are beneficial to improving the smoothness of the movement of the ejector rods 3, and greatly improving the service life of the structure of matching the ejector rods 3 with guide holes.
The sea wave belongs to periodic waves, so that a resetting device is provided, the resetting device provides a force for the flow resisting plate to be far away from the direction of the main bin 7, namely, when the wave peak comes, the ejector rod 3 is driven in, and when the wave valley comes, the ejector rod 3 is reset under the action of the resetting device.
As regards the slider-crank mechanism, it has a defined working stroke as previously described, and based on common knowledge in the mechanical field, the slider-crank mechanism can convert a reciprocating motion into a continuous rotation. Typically, an internal combustion engine converts reciprocating motion of a piston (i.e., a slide) into continuous rotation of a crankshaft in the same direction.
By restricting the working stroke of the flow-stopping plate, the crankshaft 12 of the slider-crank mechanism is provided with a definite continuous rotation, and the crankshaft 12 serves as an output member to drive the generator 10 to generate electricity.
Correspondingly, the crank slide block mechanism is positioned in the main bin 7, and the ejector rod 3 is a driving part of the crank slide block mechanism, namely a slide block part is formed or the slide block parts are connected into a whole.
The flow-resisting plate has a certain height, and the pressure intensity of the surge is different in all parts in the vertical direction, therefore, as can be seen from fig. 2, the ejector rod 3 has an upper row and a lower row in the vertical direction, so that the smoothness of the movement of the ejector rod 3 is ensured, and the whole structure is more reliable.
With respect to the resetting device, preferably, the resetting device forms a resetting spring 6 which is arranged on the ejector rod 3 as shown in fig. 1-3, and the spring has a simple structure, relatively stable stiffness coefficient and easy calculation.
The spring is mostly made of spring steel, and is more corrosion-resistant than ordinary steel, but the return spring 6 is exposed to seawater and is easily corroded.
Further, the surface of the return spring 6 should be coated with a corrosion-resistant coating, which may be formed based on a spray process, or may be formed by electroplating, such as a zinc plating.
Accordingly, one end of the return spring 6 is supported on the outer surface of the main chamber 7, and the other end is supported on the inner side surface of the flow resisting plate, and it is understood that the return spring 6 is a compression spring.
The compression spring can be a cylindrical spring or a conical spring, and if the conical spring is adopted, the large end of the conical spring is positioned on the side of the main bin 7.
The compression spring is easy to be unstable, the ejector rod 3 can play the role of a spring guide post, but the diameter is not too large, so that the role of the spring guide post is relatively weak, further, a positioning groove for positioning the end part of the return spring 6 is formed in the position, which is propped against the return spring 6, on the flow propping plate and the main bin 7, the end part of the return spring 6 is embedded into the positioning groove, the instability is not easy to generate, and the smoothness of the operation of the ejector rod 3 can be ensured.
In the structure shown in fig. 1, the main compartment 7 is integrally formed in a waist-shaped structure in a plan view, which can be understood as a main body having a rectangular structure and one semicircular end of each of both ends of the main body.
The main body is of a cuboid structure as a whole, is of a rectangular structure in a top view, and is provided with a pair of short sides and a pair of long sides, wherein the short sides and the long sides are the opposite concepts, and the length of the long sides is larger than that of the short sides in the technical field of lower boxes.
The end is of a semi-cylindrical structure as a whole, i.e. semi-circular in plan view, and the diameter of the end is the short side.
Accordingly, as described above, there are four flow-blocking plates, one pair is an arc flow-blocking plate 9, and the other pair is a direct flow-blocking plate 5, wherein the arc flow-blocking plate 9 is disposed on the tip side and the direct flow-blocking plate 6 is disposed on the long side.
The number of the flow-resisting plates is relatively small, the total area of the pressure-bearing surface is relatively large, in addition, more ejector rods 3, such as the arc flow-resisting plates 9, are more easily distributed for one flow-resisting plate, and six ejector rods 3 are distributed in the figure, so that the stability is relatively good.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, the outer periphery of the main chamber 7 is shielded by the flow-blocking plate except for the interference clearance 2.
Further, a sealed cabin is provided in the main cabin 7 for each crank block mechanism, which constitutes an independent instrument cabin, and correspondingly, the generator 10 is also positioned in the sealed cabin.
In the structure shown in fig. 3, the crank of the crank slider mechanism, namely the crankshaft 12 shown in fig. 3, is provided with a pair of bearings, the bearings are arranged on the bearing seat 14 shown in the figure, and two ends of the crank are respectively connected with a generator 12, so that the stress balance is good.
Further, in order to improve the balance of stress, the connecting rods 13 of the slider-crank mechanism are provided with a pair, and the two connecting rods 13 are separated on two sides of the ejector rod and are connected with the ejector rod.
Further, the ejector rod 3 is connected with the connecting rod 13 through the ox horn shaft 11, and the rigidity is relatively strong.
The ox horn shaft 11 is a shaft bent at both ends of a straight shaft, and has relatively high rigidity.
Further, a secondary bin 8 is provided on the underside of the main bin 7, the secondary bin 8 being geometrically similar to the main bin 7 in a top view and larger than the main bin 7. When in use, the main bin 7 is mainly used as an equipment bin, and the auxiliary bin 8 is mainly used as a water injection bin, so that the overall stability is improved.
In some embodiments, the main compartment 7 has a plurality of sub-compartments, a portion of which serves as a water injection compartment and a portion of which serves as an equipment compartment.
The geometric similarity is common knowledge in architecture and is not described in detail herein. In this condition, the secondary compartment 8 is concentric with the primary compartment 7, forming the structure shown in fig. 1 and 2.
Further, the edges of the secondary bin 8 form the inner dead point of the working stroke of the flow-resisting plate.
Claims (8)
1. A semi-submersible lower box, comprising:
The main bin is provided with a closed cabin, and a horizontal guide hole is formed in the circumferential direction of the main bin;
the flow resisting plates are distributed at given distances on the periphery of the main bin;
The ejector rods are arranged on the same horizontal plane, each flow resisting plate is at least provided with two ejector rods, and the ejector rods are in liquid-tight fit with the guide holes to form a moving pair;
a reset device for providing a force for the flow resisting plate in a direction away from the main bin;
The crank slide block mechanism is positioned in the main bin, the ejector rod is a driving piece of the crank slide block mechanism, and the ejector rod has a definite working stroke; and
A generator driven by the crank block mechanism;
The ejector rod is provided with an upper row and a lower row in the vertical direction;
the main bin has in a top view:
A main body having a rectangular structure in a plan view and having a pair of short sides and a pair of long sides;
ends, which are half round heads with the short sides as diameters, and form ends at two ends of the main body in the long side direction;
correspondingly, the number of the flow-resisting plates is four, one pair is an arc flow-resisting plate, and the other pair is a direct flow-resisting plate;
wherein, the arc flow-resisting plate is arranged at the end side, and the direct flow-resisting plate is arranged at the long side.
2. The lower box of the semi-submersible drilling platform according to claim 1, wherein the reset device is a reset spring sleeved on the ejector rod, one end of the reset spring is propped against the outer surface of the main bin, and the other end of the reset spring is propped against the inner side surface of the flow-resisting plate.
3. The lower box of the semi-submersible drilling platform as recited in claim 2 wherein a location for the return spring to bear against is provided with a detent for locating the end of the return spring.
4. The lower box of the semi-submersible drilling platform as recited in claim 1 wherein a seal compartment is provided for each slider-crank mechanism within the main compartment.
5. The lower box of the semi-submersible drilling platform as recited in claim 4 wherein the crank of the crank block mechanism is provided with a pair of bearings, and both ends of the crank are each connected with a generator;
The connecting rods of the crank slide block mechanism are provided with a pair, and the two connecting rods are respectively arranged at two sides of the ejector rod and are connected with the ejector rod.
6. The lower box of the semi-submersible drilling platform as recited in claim 5 wherein the ram is connected to the link by a bullhorn shaft.
7. The lower box of the semi-submersible drilling platform as recited in claim 1 wherein a secondary bin is provided on the underside of the primary bin, the secondary bin being similar in geometry to and larger than the primary bin in plan view;
the secondary bin is concentric with the primary bin.
8. The lower box of the semi-submersible drilling platform as recited in claim 7 wherein the edges of the secondary bins form inside dead points of the travel of the flow plates.
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CN107795432A (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2018-03-13 | 大连理工大学 | Based on the vertical level two of single pile platform to wave-energy power generation structure |
CN207328776U (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2018-05-08 | 韩文级 | Steamer changes swingboat person and saves oneself and typhoon power generator windward |
CN207349014U (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2018-05-11 | 韩猛 | A kind of novel liquefied natural gas receiving station power generation with sea water system |
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CN209096964U (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-07-12 | 济南大学 | Semisubmersible drilling platform lower box |
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