CN109228303A - A method of 3D printing is carried out using multi-wavelength light - Google Patents

A method of 3D printing is carried out using multi-wavelength light Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109228303A
CN109228303A CN201811048985.XA CN201811048985A CN109228303A CN 109228303 A CN109228303 A CN 109228303A CN 201811048985 A CN201811048985 A CN 201811048985A CN 109228303 A CN109228303 A CN 109228303A
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China
Prior art keywords
printing
radiation
radiation source
wave length
carrying
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CN201811048985.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
姚志锋
李方
胡梦龙
其他发明人请求不公开姓名
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Beijing Qing Feng Era Technology Co Ltd
Ningbo Shi Sheng Science And Technology Co Ltd
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Beijing Qing Feng Era Technology Co Ltd
Ningbo Shi Sheng Science And Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201811048985.XA priority Critical patent/CN109228303A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/106Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/264Arrangements for irradiation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/30Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B29C64/386Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33YADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00Processes of additive manufacturing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33YADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33YADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y50/00Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of methods for carrying out 3D printing using multi-wavelength light, wherein use the mixing polymerizable liquid of Multicomponent for material, material receives in the solidification process after radiation, polymerization reaction occurs for the radiation that different components can absorb different wave length, curing molding, collectively constitute 3D printing part, since the radiation source range for providing polymerizing energy is wider, therefore the component of corresponding polymerizable liquid selectivity is wider, performance after material solidification is more diversified, and due to using multi radiation sources, the institute of each radiation source reduces for energy, it is low to the energy requirement of single source i.e. in 3D printing, so reducing the manufacturing cost of equipment, and improve the service life of single source.

Description

A method of 3D printing is carried out using multi-wavelength light
Technical field
It is three-dimensionally shaped field the present invention relates to technical field, in particular to it is a kind of to carry out 3D printing using multi-wavelength light Method.
Background technique
The technical principle of photocuring three-dimensional manufacture is first to be layered threedimensional model by a direction, to obtain every The profile information or image information of layer, then realize every layer of data information, by polymer monomer and pre-polymerization by light source Body forms photoinitiator (photosensitizer), after the irradiation of UV light, causes polymerization reaction, completes each layer of solidification, iteration, Eventually form a three-dimensional entity model.Since the with short production cycle of three-dimensional manufacture, production cost are low, and without considering product The size in market, that is, the threedimensional model for having different product can produce different products from consumptive material using same equipment, therefore Three-dimensional manufacture especially customized, the favor in high-endization market.
Since for light-sensitive material as raw material, the performance (being in a liquid state) in manufacturing process influences printing effect in 3D printing The performance of (being in solid-state) embodies the mechanical performance of product after fruit and photocuring, and light-sensitive material needs to mention by light radiation For energy needed for its polymerization, so the lighting effect of ray machine is also the key of photocuring 3D printing.In the prior art, photosensitive material The wavelength of light needed for material polymerization is related with its own material property and photoinitiator, and due to DLP ray machine wavelength on the market Limitation, the light that current light-sensitive material passes through single 380-410nm wavelength solidified, and ray machine single light source is for a long time Work, needs to export a large amount of energy, big to the loss of ray machine, a consumption as photocuring 3D printing equipment for ray machine Part increases printing cost.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of light using a variety of different wave lengths, while carrying out 3D and beating The method of print.
In order to solve the above technical problems, a kind of method for carrying out 3D printing using multi-wavelength light provided by the invention, including,
Step (a): carrier, the optical clear component and spoke with Stereolithography face for being used to support three-dimensional article are provided Source is penetrated, is three-dimensional article fabrication region between the carrier and the Stereolithography face, the 3D model of pre-print is sliced, By slice of data input radiation source;
Step (b): polymerizable liquid is filled into three-dimensional article fabrication region, the polymerizable liquid includes at least two groups Part, under the radiation of different wave length polymerization reaction occurs for each component respectively;
Step (c): the radiation source to three-dimensional article fabrication region carry out multi-wavelength radiation, the range of the radiation with cut Piece is identical, and under different wave length radiation effects polymerization reaction occurs for each component in the polymerizable liquid respectively, in carrier It is upper to form cured 3D printing middleware;
Step (d): the carrier drives cured 3D printing middleware far from Stereolithography face, makes 3D printing middleware Space with growth;
Step (e): repeating step (c) and step (d) constructs 3D printing middleware, is expected until 3D printing middleware meets 's.
Compared with prior art, carrying out 3D printing using the above method has the advantages that: solidifying in polymerizable liquid Polymerization reaction occurs for Cheng Zhong, the radiation that different components can absorb different wave length, and curing molding collectively constitutes 3D printing part, by It is wider in the radiation source range for providing polymerizing energy, therefore wider, the material solidification of the component of corresponding polymerizable liquid selectivity Performance afterwards is more diversified, and due to using multi radiation sources, the institute of each radiation source reduces for energy, i.e., in 3D printing It is low to the energy requirement of single source, so reducing the manufacturing cost of equipment, and improve the service life of single source.
Further, there is between the radiation scope of different wave length overlapping in the step (c).
Further, the radiation scope of different wave length is all the same in the step (c).
Further, the radiation scope of different wave length does not overlap each other in the step (c).
Further, the radiation source is combined type radiation source.
Further, the combined type radiation source is the combination of multiple light sources, and multiple light sources are able to issue different waves Long light.
Further, the radiation is ultraviolet light, visible light or infrared ray laser.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of photocuring 3D printing equipment in use in the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a kind of process frame diagram for the method that 3D printing is carried out using multi-wavelength light of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of radiation source radiation scope on Stereolithography face in 1 use state of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of radiation source radiation scope on Stereolithography face in 2 use state of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of radiation source radiation scope on Stereolithography face in 3 use state of the embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein: 1, carrier;2, optical clear component;3, radiation source;4, polymerizable liquid;5,3D printing part;6 are light-cured into Type face;7, radiation scope.
Specific embodiment
Invention is described in more detail With reference to embodiment.
It is to be understood that when an element is mentioned on another element "upper", " being attached to " another element, " being connected to " On another element, with another element " in conjunction with ", " contact " another element etc. whens, can directly on another element, be attached to On another element, it is connected on another element, in conjunction with another element and/or contacts another element or cental element also may be present Part.On the contrary, when on an element referred " directly on another element ", " being attached directly to " another element, " being directly connected to To " on another element, with another element " binding directly " or " directly contacting " another element when, intermediary element is not present.Ability Field technique personnel will be further understood that a structure for mentioning arrangement " adjacent " with another component or component can have that be superimposed upon this adjacent Part on component or under the adjacent members.
Space correlation term, such as " lower section ", " being lower than ", " lower part ", " top ", " top " they can be to be easy to retouch herein It states and uses to describe the relationship of element as shown in the drawings or component and other one or more elements or component.It manages Solution, space correlation term is also intended in addition to the orientation described in attached drawing to be taken including device in use or running difference To.For example, if reversing the device in attached drawing, it will if being described as be in other elements or component " lower section " or the element of " following " Orientation is in other elements or component " top ".Therefore, exemplary term " lower section " may include above and below both orientations.Device Part can be orientated (be rotated by 90 ° or other orientations) in other ways and space correlation descriptor used herein is interpreted accordingly. Similarly, unless clearly otherwise dictating, term " upward ", " downward ", " vertical ", "horizontal" etc. are only used for explaining herein Explanation.
As shown in Figure 1, photocuring 3D printing equipment is mainly by being that carrier 1, optical clear component 2, radiation source 3 form, Wherein optical clear component 2 has Stereolithography face 6, is three-dimensional article fabrication region between carrier 1 and Stereolithography face 6, Polymerizable liquid 4 fills three-dimensional article fabrication region, and radiation source 3 provides radiation energy to three-dimensional fabrication region, receives radiation Polymerization reaction occurs for part polymerizable liquid 4, and cured 3D printing part 5, the carrier 1 are then formed on the surface of carrier 1 It is connected with mechanical actuation device, carrier 1 moves to the direction far from Stereolithography face 6 and drives 5 (polymerizable liquid of 3D printing part After 4 photocurings) make that there is new molding space between Stereolithography face 6 and 3D printing part 5, polymerizable liquid 4 flows back into Behind Stereolithography face 6, it is further continued for receiving radiation and is solidified, successively manufacture in this way, until 3D printing is completed.
By above-mentioned photocuring 3D printing equipment be used for it is of the present invention using multi-wavelength light carry out 3D printing, using stream Journey is divided into three categories, including printing prepares, print procedure and printing post-processing, specific steps flow chart can refer to Fig. 2, wraps It includes:
Printing prepares
Step 101, first by the 3D model import slices software of pre-print, and by slice of data input radiation source, specifically The mode of slice can be the high slice of same layer, i.e. every layer of the print time is identical, is also possible to the structure according to 3D model Feature carries out change layer height slice, i.e., every layer of print time is different, and the high slicing mode of same layer is suitable for structure more rule 3D model, the high slicing mode of change layer are suitable for the 3D model of irregular structure, and radiation source therein issues radiation scope 7 every time It is corresponding with the pattern that every layer is sliced, it can specifically be realized by DLP technology or transparent LED display, i.e. radiation source For ray machine, which has DLP chip, and DLP chip has imported slice of data, and light can be with regard to number of slices after passing through the DLP chip According to pattern project or radiation source 3 and optical clear component 2 between transparent LED display, LED display are set It has imported slice of data and has shown the negative needle drawing case (showing the blank parts in slice pattern) of slice of data, radiated If source 3 is ray machine, the illumination of ray machine crosses partial obscuration by the way that LED display is laggard, can project slice pattern, In in order to meet the light that radiation source 3 can radiate a variety of different wave lengths, radiation source 3 is the combination of multiple light sources, each light source point The light of different wave length can not be issued, specific radiation is that can be ultraviolet light, visible light or infrared ray laser, preferably Ultraviolet light.
Step 102, polymerizable liquid 4 is configured, then fills polymerizable liquid 4 to consolidation zone, wherein polymerizable liquid Include multiple components in body 4, includes monomer and/or prepolymer and different photoinitiators in each component, different light draws Hair agent enables to monomer and/or prepolymer that polymerization reaction respectively occurs after the radiation energy for receiving different wave length;
Print procedure
Step 103, radiation source 3 provides radiation energy, each radiation scope 7 and every layer of slice map to three-dimensional fabrication region Case is corresponding, and polymerization reaction is occurred by the polymerizable liquid 4 that radiates, and is formed on the surface of carrier 1 certain thickness solid The 3D printing part 5 of change, then carrier 1 drives 3D printing part 5 far from Stereolithography face 6, and 3D printing part 5 is made to have new growth Space, wherein the thickness for the 3D printing part 5 that the radiation of constant range is formed every time is related with radiated time, when the time of radiation Between it is longer, i.e., cured 3D printing part 5 is thicker;
Step 104, step 103 is repeated, so that the successively solidification accumulation molding of polymerizable liquid 4,3D printing part 5 meet expection Printing can be completed in printing;
Printing post-processing
Step 105, the 3D printing part 5 of completion is post-processed, general post-processing includes the next steps: (1) cleaned The defective material on 5 surface of 3D printing part, (2) remove the additional structure being used to support in print procedure on 3D printing part 5, and (3) carry out The rear curing process of heating, supplement radiation, (4) further polish to the surface of 3D printing part 5.
In above-mentioned photocuring 3D printing step, the polymerizable liquid 4 of multiple components is configured in step 102, wherein each The photoinitiator for including in component is to realize that different components receive the principal element that polymerization reaction occurs after different wave length radiates, example Such as common UV photoinitiator: 2,4,6, effective absorption peak of-trimethylbenzoy-dipheny phosphorous oxide (TPO) is 350-400nm absorbs cause 420nm or so always;The absorption wave of 2- hydroxy-methyl phenyl-propane -1- ketone (photoinitiator -1173) A length of 244nm, 278nm, 322nm;The absorbing wavelength of photoinitiator -4265 is 239nm, 275nm, 379nm;2,4,6- trimethyl The absorbing wavelength of benzoylphenyl phosphinic acid ethyl ester (photoinitiator-TPO-L) is 273nm, 370nm;Isopropyl thioxanthone (2, The mixing of 4 isomeries;Photoinitiator -1105) absorbing wavelength be 258nm, 382nm, the photoinitiator for visible light is since it makes With condition and keep condition harsher, so the photoinitiator for visible light designed on the market is less, it is actually double 2,6- bis- fluoro- 3- pyrroles's phenyl titanocenes, benzil ketals substance, thia mattress letones may be implemented, but general Aided initiating is added, enough can buy UV-LED visible light photo initiators JDADE 276 (by Qingdao Jie get Jia new material on the market Science and Technology Ltd.'s sale) maximum absorbable wavelength is 430nm and bis- [2,6- bis- fluoro- 3- (1H- pyrrole radicals -1) phenyl] The absorbing wavelength of titanium cyclopentadienyl (visible light photo initiators 784) is 400-480nm (being sold by Changshu Heng Rong commerce and trade Co., Ltd), therefore this What radiation source described in invention issued can be the different wave lengths such as ultraviolet light, visible light or infrared ray laser as polymerizable What the energy transmission that polymerization reaction occurs for different component in liquid 4 can be achieved on.
And it is free radical polymerizable material or epoxy group that monomer in polymerizable liquid 4 and/or prepolymer, which can be, Polymerizable material, specifically, the functional group of free radical polymerizable material includes methacrylate, alpha-olefin, N- vinyl, third Acrylamide, Methacrylamide, phenylethylene, epoxides, mercaptan, 1,3- diene, vinyl halide, acrylonitrile, ethylene Base ester, maleimide, vinyl ethers or the derivative of above-mentioned one or more functional groups;The official of epoxy group polymerizable material It can roll into a ball including oxirane ring, propylene oxide ring, 7-oxa-bicyclo[4.1.0 base or the derivative of above-mentioned one or more functional groups, it is right In the type and proportion of the type and specific proportion and photoinitiator of monomer and/or prepolymer, present embodiment not It is limited.
In 4 solidification process of polymerizable liquid, polymerization reaction occurs for the radiation that different components can absorb different wave length, Gu Chemical conversion type collectively constitutes 3D printing part, since the radiation source range for providing polymerizing energy is wider, therefore corresponding polymerizable liquid Component selectivity it is wider, the performance after material solidification is more diversified, and due to use multi radiation sources, each radiation source Institute reduces for energy, i.e., low to the energy requirement of single source in 3D printing, so the manufacturing cost of equipment is reduced, and Improve the service life of single source.
Embodiment 1
Multi-wavelength 3D printing is carried out according to above-mentioned step using photocuring 3D printing equipment, wherein radiation source 3 is ray machine, The light source of ray machine includes light bulb one and light bulb two, and light bulb one provides the illumination that wavelength is 200-300nm, and light bulb two provides wavelength and is The illumination of 350-450nm;Polymerizable liquid 4 includes the component of two mixing, is able in 200-300nm, 350-450nm wave Long light irradiation is lower to carry out polymerizing curable.
It is not overlapped mutually in the light projection for the different wave length that ray machine issues during 3D printing to Stereolithography face 6, The sending light of light bulb one is projected as projection one, and the sending light of light bulb two is projected as projection two, as shown in figure 3, Stereolithography face 6 Upper to project the radiation scope 7 for having radiation source, wherein projection one and projection two be not be overlapped, i.e., two components of polymerizable liquid 4 divide It is not formed by curing independent structural body, the material composition between structural body does not mix, and such multi-wavelength 3D printing mode is applicable in In support section and pre-print structural body (actual demand part) are formed with different materials respectively the case where, due to support section with The material property of pre-print structural body is different, removes the operation of support section in post-processing convenient for 3D printing part 5.
Embodiment 2
Multi-wavelength 3D printing is carried out according to above-mentioned step using photocuring 3D printing equipment, wherein radiation source 3 is ray machine, The light source of ray machine includes light bulb one and light bulb two, and light bulb one provides the illumination that wavelength is 200-300nm, and light bulb two provides wavelength and is The illumination of 350-450nm;Polymerizable liquid 4 includes the component of two mixing, is able in 200-300nm, 350-450nm wave Long light irradiation is lower to carry out polymerizing curable.
It partly overlaps in the light projection for the different wave length that ray machine issues during 3D printing to Stereolithography face 6, lamp One sending light of bubble is projected as projection one, and the sending light of light bulb two is projected as projection two, as shown in figure 4, on Stereolithography face 6 Projection has the radiation scope 7 of radiation source, wherein projection one partly overlaps with projection two, i.e., partly overlaps in projection one and projection two In the range of polymerizable liquid 4 two component homopolymerizations solidification, i.e., the cured layer of the part is made of two kinds of materials, due to material The characteristic of material after two kinds of materials are mixing cured, are capable of the local mechanical performance of more 3D printing part 5, meet more 3D printings The molding demand of product.
Embodiment 3
Multi-wavelength 3D printing is carried out according to above-mentioned step using photocuring 3D printing equipment, wherein radiation source 3 is ray machine, The light source of ray machine includes light bulb one and light bulb two, and light bulb one provides the illumination that wavelength is 200-300nm, and light bulb two provides wavelength and is The illumination of 350-450nm;Polymerizable liquid 4 includes the component of two mixing, is able in 200-300nm, 350-450nm wave Long light irradiation is lower to carry out polymerizing curable.
Completely overlapped, lamp in the light projection for the different wave length that ray machine issues during 3D printing to Stereolithography face 6 One sending light of bubble is projected as projection one, and the sending light of light bulb two is projected as projection two, as shown in figure 5, on Stereolithography face 6 Projection has the radiation scope 7 of radiation source, wherein projection one and projection two are completely overlapped, i.e., 3D printing part is made of two kinds of materials, Due to the characteristic of material, after two kinds of materials are mixing cured, it are capable of the mechanical performance of more 3D printing part 5, meet more 3D and beat The molding demand of product is printed, and ray machine is made of two light bulbs, the institute of each light bulb reduces for energy, i.e., right in 3D printing The energy requirement of single source is low, so reducing the manufacturing cost of equipment, and improves the service life of single source.
The above is only preferably feasible implementation example of the invention, cannot therefore be limiting the scope of the invention, The change of the wavelength and photoinitiator of light used is provided especially for the number of the single source of light source group, light source, It is considered as technical solution documented by the present invention, it is for those skilled in the art, all with skill of the invention Art scheme and technical concept make other it is various it is corresponding change all should belong to the claims in the present invention protection scope it It is interior.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of method for carrying out 3D printing using multi-wavelength light characterized by comprising
(a) carrier, the optical clear component and radiation source with Stereolithography face for being used to support three-dimensional article are provided, it is described It is three-dimensional article fabrication region between carrier and the Stereolithography face, the 3D model of pre-print is sliced, by number of slices According to input radiation source;
(b) polymerizable liquid is filled into three-dimensional article fabrication region, the polymerizable liquid includes at least two components, each component Polymerization reaction occurs under the radiation of different wave length respectively;
(c) radiation source carries out the radiation of multi-wavelength to three-dimensional article fabrication region, and the range of the radiation is identical as slice, institute It states each component in polymerizable liquid and polymerization reaction occurs under different wave length radiation effects respectively, form solidification on carrier 3D printing middleware;
(d) carrier drives cured 3D printing middleware far from Stereolithography face, and 3D printing middleware is made to have growth Space;
(e) it repeats step (c) and step (d) constructs 3D printing middleware, until expected from 3D printing middleware satisfaction.
2. a kind of method for carrying out 3D printing using multi-wavelength light according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step (c) there is between the radiation scope of different wave length overlapping in.
3. a kind of method for carrying out 3D printing using multi-wavelength light according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the step (c) radiation scope of different wave length is all the same in.
4. a kind of method for carrying out 3D printing using multi-wavelength light according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step (c) radiation scope of different wave length does not overlap each other in.
5. a kind of method for carrying out 3D printing using multi-wavelength light according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the radiation Source is combined type radiation source.
6. a kind of method for carrying out 3D printing using multi-wavelength light according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the combination Formula radiation source is the combination of multiple light sources, and multiple light sources are able to issue the light of different wave length.
7. a kind of method for carrying out 3D printing using multi-wavelength light according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the radiation It is ultraviolet light, visible light or infrared ray laser.
CN201811048985.XA 2018-09-10 2018-09-10 A method of 3D printing is carried out using multi-wavelength light Pending CN109228303A (en)

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