CN109227704A - A kind of ultrasonic wave added combined machining method of carbon fibre composite - Google Patents
A kind of ultrasonic wave added combined machining method of carbon fibre composite Download PDFInfo
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- CN109227704A CN109227704A CN201811166065.8A CN201811166065A CN109227704A CN 109227704 A CN109227704 A CN 109227704A CN 201811166065 A CN201811166065 A CN 201811166065A CN 109227704 A CN109227704 A CN 109227704A
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- Prior art keywords
- cutter
- ultrasonic
- ultrasonic wave
- carbon fibre
- wave added
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
- B26D7/00—Details of apparatus for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
- B26D7/08—Means for treating work or cutting member to facilitate cutting
- B26D7/086—Means for treating work or cutting member to facilitate cutting by vibrating, e.g. ultrasonically
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of ultrasonic wave added combined machining methods of carbon fibre composite, by installing cutter, ultrasonic-frequency power supply is installed, the step of carrying out ultrasonic-frequency power supply frequency sweep and machine cut carries out machining to carbon fibre material, suitable outstanding long value is set when installing cutter and controls the amplitude of cutter, suitable cutter is selected, the feed speed and revolving speed of the ultrasonic-frequency power supply for having negative-feedback regu- lation function and the suitable cutter of setting are selected.The ultrasonic wave added combined machining method of carbon fibre composite of the invention, can reduce nearly 30% cutting force, evade manufacturing deficiency, improve cutter life.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of machining, and in particular to a kind of ultrasonic wave added Compound Machining side of carbon fibre composite
Method.
Background technique
Carbon fiber is by organic fiber by a series of inorganic high property for being heat-treated the phosphorus content being transformed and being higher than 90%
Can fiber, be the reinforcing material of advanced composite materials, have that lightweight, high-strength, Gao Mo, resistant to chemical etching, thermal expansion coefficient is small etc.
Series of advantages.The frontiers of science and technology such as rocket, aerospace and aviation are widely applied to, it is fluffy with field of aerospace
The exhibition of breaking out, the continuous change of new technologies and materials, carbon fibre composite are more extensive in the application of aerospace field.
However, machining operations are more and more with the continuous expansion of carbon fibre composite dosage, processed as hardly possible
The carbon fibre composite of one of material easily causes tool wear since chip is fine powder in mechanical processing process
Aggravation, and due to the particularity of its material, easily there is phenomena such as layering, flange and running in the surface after processing.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a kind of ultrasonic wave added combined machining method of carbon fibre composite, it will
Tradition machinery cuts a kind of NEW TYPE OF COMPOSITE processing method formed in conjunction with ultrasonic vibration, and the ultrasonic vibration of the technique passes through customization
Knife handle realize, can effectively reduce cutting force, evade manufacturing deficiency, improve cutter life.
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is realized using following technical scheme:
A kind of ultrasonic wave added combined machining method of carbon fibre composite, which comprises the steps of:
(1) install cutter: by cutting tool be mounted on ultrasonic wave added processing knife handle on, cutter hang long range be 36.5mm~
38.5mm, the amplitude for controlling cutter is 0.01-0.1mm；
(2) ultrasonic-frequency power supply is installed: ultrasonic wave added processing knife handle being mounted on lathe, and connects ultrasonic-frequency power supply, it is described super
Acoustic-electric source has negative-feedback regu- lation function；
(3) ultrasonic-frequency power supply frequency sweep: then debugging ultrasonic-frequency power supply parameter opens ultrasonic-frequency power supply, ultrasonic-frequency power supply enters frequency sweep rank
Section, ultrasonic-frequency power supply inputs 220V, after the power current of 50Hz, passes through and exports 20~40KHz frequency after voltage regulating rectifier, high-frequency inversion
Electric current to ultrasonic transducer, ultrasonic transducer generates the mechanical oscillation of corresponding frequencies, and by amplitude transformer by mechanical oscillation
Amplitude amplification, mechanical oscillation pass through amplitude transformer again and are transferred to cutter and carbon fibre composite finished surface；
(4) machine cut: after ultrasonic wave added vibrates, cutter enters steady-working state, in the feed speed of cutter
For 300-400mm/min, when the revolving speed of cutter is 3000-5000r/min, machining is carried out；
The present invention cuts carbon fibre composite by being combined together tradition machinery cutting with ultrasonic vibration,
It is effective to reduce cutting force, improve cutter life.
It can satisfy the carbon fiber composite that the application needs to process firstly, hanging long range both by setting cutter appropriate
The process requirements of material, but the intrinsic frequency that can satisfy cutter falls in achievable range.The outstanding long value range and list of the application
The outstanding long value range of purely mechanic processing is significantly different, and tradition machinery processes outstanding long value only for processing considerations, as long as being able to satisfy
Processing request does not specially require the outstanding length of cutter, but in ultrasonic wave added processing technology, the outstanding length of cutter is not
Together, the resonance frequency of cutter, that is, intrinsic frequency are more big changes, during vibrating transmitting, if excited frequency
(i.e. incoming frequency) differs larger with the intrinsic frequency for being excited object, then the transmission effect vibrated will be very poor, vibration
Energy can largely be changed into thermal energy, influence being normally carried out for ultrasonic wave added processing.For example, outstanding long value is too short, cutter will result in
Intrinsic frequency it is excessively high, it is difficult to input corresponding vibration frequency to cutter, so that the transmission effect of vibration be caused to be deteriorated, influence to surpass
Sound secondary process is normally carried out.If outstanding long value is too long or too short, will generate heat serious, it can not normal use.
Secondly, cutting force can be effectively reduced between 0.01mm-0.1mm in the amplitude controlling of cutter used herein.This
Application can carry out the amplitude controlling of cutter in the following way: it is tested using amplitude of the laser vibration measurer to cutter, when
Cutter is mounted on ultrasonic wave added knife handle according to certain outstanding long value, after installing, opens ultrasonic-frequency power supply, ultrasonic-frequency power supply passes through tune
Ultrasonic signal is exported after repoussage stream, high-frequency inversion and is transferred to ultrasonic transducer, and ultrasonic transducer generates the mechanical vibration of corresponding frequencies
It is dynamic, and amplified the amplitude of mechanical oscillation by amplitude transformer, mechanical oscillation pass through amplitude transformer again and are transferred to cutter, work as vibration cutting
After stabilization, laser vibration measurer emits beam of laser to cutter, cutter reflection laser to laser vibration measurer, according to the feelings of reflection laser
Condition, instrument can calculate the amplitude of cutter.When amplitude is not in control range, cutter can be adjusted by adjusting amplitude transformer
Amplitude.If amplitude is too small or excessive, ultrasonic wave added can not be worked normally.
Again, the ultrasonic-frequency power supply of the application installation has negative-feedback regu- lation function, is able to carry out real-time frequency-tracking, protects
The output frequency of card ultrasonic-frequency power supply is consistent with the resonance frequency of amplitude transformer always, is avoided due to temperature change or abrasion
Etc. amplitude transformer resonance frequency caused by reasons drift about, input the inconsistent influence energy transfer efficiency of frequency with ultrasonic-frequency power supply.Meanwhile
After replacing cutter, it is able to carry out automatic frequency sweep, adjusts power supply output frequency to suitable value, it is ensured that cutter can quickly enter
Steady-working state.
Finally, due to using ultrasonic wave added processing technology, therefore the cutting scheme of ultrasonic wave added processing technology is changed
Become, improves feed speed, processing efficiency can be improved, but since the process-cycle of carbon fibre composite is generally shorter, mention
Rise processing efficiency save absolute process time it is less, while feed speed it is too fast easily lead to layering, tearing the defects of, simultaneously also
The service life of cutter can be reduced.In addition, the revolving speed of cutter is higher, generate heat more serious, high temperature may result in carbon fibre composite
Resin aging, seriously affect the quality of carbon fibre composite, but the finish of cutting surface can be improved in high revolving speed.Cause
This, is come with traditional cutting parameter using ultrasonic wave added processing technology, cannot effectively play its characteristic, and the application is found out
With the preferable one group of parameter area of ultrasonic wave added cutting technology matching degree, i.e. the feed speed of cutter is 300-400mm/min,
When the revolving speed of cutter is 3000-5000r/min, under this cutting parameter range, under the premise of guaranteeing processing efficiency, the cutter longevity
Life obtains to be promoted significantly, and length of cut rises appreciably, and surface quality obtains apparent improvement.
Preferably, the cutter of the tool selection part blade type in the step 1.
Using above-mentioned preferred embodiment, due to the characteristic of carbon fibre composite, cutter will be selected suitable for lower turn
The blade type of speed, the general tool sharpening for selecting part blade type.The blade type of cutter is restricted to the revolving speed of cutter, and some blade type
Cutter, it is desirable that there is very high revolving speed, carbon fibre composite could be processed, and revolving speed is too high, influences ultrasonic wave added
The energy transmission of processing, excessively high revolving speed will lead to ultrasonic wave added processing failure.
Preferably, the tool selection fish scale blade type cutter in the step 1.
Using above-mentioned preferred embodiment, fish scale blade type cutter can preferably play the secondary process characteristic of ultrasonic vibration.
Preferably, the cutter that the tool selection in the step 1 enhances without taper.
Using above-mentioned preferred embodiment, since tool quality is excessive, power requirement is just high, while the amplitude generated is small, ultrasound
Secondary process effect is very low.Therefore the cutter enhanced without taper is selected.
Preferably, the cutter of the tool selection diamond coatings in the step 1.
Using above-mentioned preferred embodiment, using diamond coatings, cutter is more wear-resisting.
Preferably, the outstanding long value in the step 1 is 37.5mm.
Using above-mentioned preferred embodiment, when outstanding long value is 37.5mm, the intrinsic frequency of cutter and the vibration inputted to cutter
Frequency is consistent, so that the transmission effect of vibration is optimal, processing effect is best.
Preferably, the amplitude in the step 1 is 0.022mm.
It can be obtained when the amplitude of cutter is 0.022mm when processing carbon fibre composite using above-mentioned preferred embodiment
Preferably processing effect.
Preferably, mechanical oscillation direction described in the step 3 is the axial vibration perpendicular to finished surface.
Avoid ultrasonic vibration to machining using the axial vibration perpendicular to finished surface using above-mentioned preferred embodiment
Precision has an impact.
Preferably, the feed speed of cutter described in the step 4 is 300mm/mim, and the revolving speed of the cutter is
5000r/min。
It is 300mm/mim in the feed speed of cutter, the revolving speed of the cutter is 5000r/ using above-mentioned preferred embodiment
min.Tool in Milling length of the same race can promote the 12m processed to ultrasonic wave added by the 8m of conventional milling.
Detailed description of the invention
The cutting force meansurement figure of Fig. 1 conventional machining
The cutting force meansurement figure of Fig. 2 ultrasonic wave secondary process
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawing and specific implementation
The present invention is described in detail for example.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, not
For limiting the present invention.
Embodiment 1
(1) cutter is installed: fish scale blade type cutting tool being mounted on ultrasonic wave added processing knife handle, by fish scale blade type cutter
Long 36.5mm is hanged, the amplitude for controlling cutter is 0.01mm；
(2) ultrasonic-frequency power supply is installed: ultrasonic wave added processing knife handle being mounted on lathe, and connects ultrasonic-frequency power supply, it is described super
Acoustic-electric source has negative-feedback regu- lation function；
(3) ultrasonic-frequency power supply frequency sweep: then debugging ultrasonic-frequency power supply parameter opens ultrasonic-frequency power supply, ultrasonic-frequency power supply enters frequency sweep rank
Section, ultrasonic-frequency power supply inputs 220V, after the power current of 50Hz, passes through the electricity that 20KHz frequency is exported after voltage regulating rectifier, high-frequency inversion
It is flow to ultrasonic transducer, ultrasonic transducer generates the mechanical oscillation of corresponding frequencies, and passes through amplitude transformer for the amplitude of mechanical oscillation
Amplification, mechanical oscillation pass through amplitude transformer again and are transferred to fish scale blade type cutter and carbon fibre composite finished surface；
(4) machine cut: after ultrasonic wave added vibrates, in the feed speed 300mm/min of fish scale blade type cutter, fish scale
When blade type cutter revolving speed is 3000r/min, machining is carried out.
Embodiment 2
(1) cutter is installed: will be mounted on ultrasonic wave added processing knife handle without the cutting tool that taper enhances, it will be without cone
The cutter of degree enhancing hangs long 38.5mm, and the amplitude for controlling cutter is 0.1mm；
(2) ultrasonic-frequency power supply is installed: ultrasonic wave added processing knife handle being mounted on lathe, and connects ultrasonic-frequency power supply, it is described super
Acoustic-electric source has negative-feedback regu- lation function；
(3) ultrasonic-frequency power supply frequency sweep: then debugging ultrasonic-frequency power supply parameter opens ultrasonic-frequency power supply, ultrasonic-frequency power supply enters frequency sweep rank
Section, ultrasonic-frequency power supply inputs 220V, after the power current of 50Hz, passes through the electricity that 40KHz frequency is exported after voltage regulating rectifier, high-frequency inversion
It is flow to ultrasonic transducer, ultrasonic transducer generates the mechanical oscillation of corresponding frequencies, and passes through amplitude transformer for the amplitude of mechanical oscillation
Amplification, mechanical oscillation pass through amplitude transformer again and are transferred to cutter and carbon fibre composite finished surface；
(4) machine cut: after ultrasonic wave added vibrates, in the feed speed 400mm/ of the cutter enhanced without taper
Min carries out machining when the cutter revolving speed without taper enhancing is 5000r/min.
Embodiment 3
(1) cutter is installed: by the Cutting tool installation manner of diamond coatings on ultrasonic wave added processing knife handle, by diamond coatings
Cutter hangs long 37.5mm, and the amplitude for controlling cutter is 0.022mm；
(2) ultrasonic-frequency power supply is installed: ultrasonic wave added processing knife handle being mounted on lathe, and connects ultrasonic-frequency power supply, it is described super
Acoustic-electric source has the function of have negative-feedback regu- lation；
(3) ultrasonic-frequency power supply frequency sweep: then debugging ultrasonic-frequency power supply parameter opens ultrasonic-frequency power supply, ultrasonic-frequency power supply enters frequency sweep rank
Section, ultrasonic-frequency power supply inputs 220V, after the power current of 50Hz, passes through the electricity that 20KHz frequency is exported after voltage regulating rectifier, high-frequency inversion
It is flow to ultrasonic transducer, ultrasonic transducer generates the mechanical oscillation of corresponding frequencies, and passes through amplitude transformer for the amplitude of mechanical oscillation
Amplification, mechanical oscillation pass through amplitude transformer again and are transferred to cutter and carbon fibre composite finished surface；
(4) machine cut: after ultrasonic wave added vibrates, in the tool feeding speed 300mm/min of diamond coatings, gold
When the cutter revolving speed of hard rock coating is 5000r/min, machining is carried out.
Two, the test and analysis of cutting force controlled level
1. the test of cutting force
1.1 test equipments: Kistler dynamometer
1.2 test experiments: firstly, after Kistler dynamometer is connect with computer, test software, debugging are opened；Secondly,
Carbon fibre composite part is placed on the workbench of Kistler dynamometer；Again, conventional machining and ultrasound is respectively adopted
Wave secondary process cuts carbon fibre composite part；Finally, passing through the sensor on Kistler dynamometer workbench
The force data of acquisition be transferred to Kistler dynamometer be transformed into electric signal be transferred in computer it is matched with Kistler dynamometer
The data that software measures sensor are handled, and obtain the test chart of cutting force.
2. result and analysis
The test chart of cutting force as shown in Fig.1 and Fig.2, due to tool path pattern of the invention be Y-direction straight-line feed, cutting force
Constituting is mainly the axial force F z of the grey parts and radial force Fy of black portions, it can be seen that conventional machining from Fig. 1, Fig. 2
It is little in the axial force F z variation of grey parts with ultrasonic wave secondary process, and change in the radial force Fy of black portions brighter
It is aobvious, as shown in Figure 1, the radial force Fy peak fractions of the black portions of conventional machining can achieve 1500N or more, and in Fig. 2, surpass
The peak fractions of the radial force Fy of the black portions of sound wave secondary process are to have only within 1000N in the direction Y- in the direction Y+
Sub-fraction has reached 1000N or more, 1500N or less.Therefore, use is significantly less than using the cutting force of ultrasonic wave secondary process
The cutting force of conventional machining, the present invention use the cutting force decrease of ultrasonic wave added processing nearly 30%.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, it is noted that all
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc. within the spirit and principles in the present invention should be included in guarantor of the invention
Within the scope of shield.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of ultrasonic wave added combined machining method of carbon fibre composite, which comprises the steps of:
(1) install cutter: by cutting tool be mounted on ultrasonic wave added processing knife handle on, cutter hang long range be 36.5mm~
38.5mm, the amplitude for controlling cutter is 0.01-0.1mm；
(2) ultrasonic-frequency power supply is installed: ultrasonic wave added processing knife handle being mounted on lathe, and connects ultrasonic-frequency power supply, the ultrasonic electric
Source has negative-feedback regu- lation function；
(3) ultrasonic-frequency power supply frequency sweep: then debugging ultrasonic-frequency power supply parameter opens ultrasonic-frequency power supply, ultrasonic-frequency power supply enters the frequency sweep stage, surpasses
After the power current of sound power input 220V, 50Hz, by the electricity for exporting 20~40KHz frequency after voltage regulating rectifier, high-frequency inversion
It is flow to ultrasonic transducer, ultrasonic transducer generates the mechanical oscillation of corresponding frequencies, and passes through amplitude transformer for the amplitude of mechanical oscillation
Amplification, mechanical oscillation pass through amplitude transformer again and are transferred to cutter and carbon fibre composite finished surface；
(4) machine cut: being 300-400mm/min, the revolving speed of cutter in the feed speed of cutter after ultrasonic wave added vibrates
When for 3000-5000r/min, machining is carried out.
2. a kind of ultrasonic wave added combined machining method of carbon fibre composite according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The cutter of tool selection part blade type in the step 1.
3. a kind of ultrasonic wave added combined machining method of carbon fibre composite according to claim 2, which is characterized in that
The tool selection fish scale blade type cutter in the step 1.
4. a kind of ultrasonic wave added combined machining method of carbon fibre composite according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The cutter that the tool selection in the step 1 enhances without taper.
5. a kind of ultrasonic wave added combined machining method of carbon fibre composite according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The cutter of the tool selection diamond coatings in the step 1.
6. a kind of ultrasonic wave added combined machining method of carbon fibre composite according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The outstanding long value in the step 1 is 37.5mm.
7. a kind of ultrasonic wave added combined machining method of carbon fibre composite according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The amplitude in the step 1 is 0.022mm.
8. a kind of ultrasonic wave added combined machining method of carbon fibre composite according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
Mechanical oscillation direction described in the step 3 is the axial vibration perpendicular to finished surface.
9. a kind of ultrasonic wave added combined machining method of carbon fibre composite according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The feed speed of cutter is 300mm/mim in the step 4, and the revolving speed of the cutter is 5000r/min.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111151773A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-05-15 | 上海航天控制技术研究所 | Ultrasonic auxiliary cutting force control method |
| CN111408772A (en) * | 2020-03-16 | 2020-07-14 | 北京航空航天大学 | Processing method of carbon fiber reinforced magnesium-based composite material |
| CN113910360A (en) * | 2021-11-04 | 2022-01-11 | 盐城工学院 | Fiber reinforced composite material hole machining method |
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| WO2018085936A1 (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2018-05-17 | Polyvalor, Limited Partnership | Piezoelectric composite, ink and ink cartridge for 3d printing, bifunctional material comprising the piezoelectric composite, manufacture and uses thereof |
| CN108080240A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-05-29 | 唐德祥 | A kind of rotary ultrasonic auxiliary machining device |
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| CN104647147A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2015-05-27 | 大连康赛谱科技发展有限公司 | Carbon fiber composite rotary ultrasonic milling and grinding device and method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111151773A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-05-15 | 上海航天控制技术研究所 | Ultrasonic auxiliary cutting force control method |
| CN111151773B (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2021-05-28 | 上海航天控制技术研究所 | Ultrasonic auxiliary cutting force control method |
| CN111408772A (en) * | 2020-03-16 | 2020-07-14 | 北京航空航天大学 | Processing method of carbon fiber reinforced magnesium-based composite material |
| CN111408772B (en) * | 2020-03-16 | 2022-01-07 | 北京航空航天大学 | Processing method of carbon fiber reinforced magnesium-based composite material |
| CN113910360A (en) * | 2021-11-04 | 2022-01-11 | 盐城工学院 | Fiber reinforced composite material hole machining method |
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Application publication date: 20190118 |