CN109224806A - A kind of waste gas purification technique and purification system - Google Patents

A kind of waste gas purification technique and purification system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109224806A
CN109224806A CN201811287779.4A CN201811287779A CN109224806A CN 109224806 A CN109224806 A CN 109224806A CN 201811287779 A CN201811287779 A CN 201811287779A CN 109224806 A CN109224806 A CN 109224806A
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China
Prior art keywords
flue gas
gas
spray
flue
heat
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CN201811287779.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘国丰
陈海平
彭韬
邢斌杰
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Doumen Zhuhai Yong Sheng Environmental Protection Industrial Waste Recycling Comprehensive Treatment Co Ltd
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Doumen Zhuhai Yong Sheng Environmental Protection Industrial Waste Recycling Comprehensive Treatment Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201811287779.4A priority Critical patent/CN109224806A/en
Publication of CN109224806A publication Critical patent/CN109224806A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/75—Multi-step processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/02—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, having hollow filters made of flexible material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B01D53/06—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents, e.g. rotating beds
    • B01D53/10—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents, e.g. rotating beds with dispersed adsorbents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
    • B01D53/1456—Removing acid components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
    • B01D53/18—Absorbing units; Liquid distributors therefor
    • B01D53/185—Liquid distributors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/26—Drying gases or vapours
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/38—Removing components of undefined structure
    • B01D53/40—Acidic components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/77—Liquid phase processes
    • B01D53/78—Liquid phase processes with gas-liquid contact
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/81—Solid phase processes
    • B01D53/83—Solid phase processes with moving reactants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/003—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes for supplying chemicals to fumes, e.g. using injection devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
    • F23J15/025—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow using filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/08—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of heaters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/30—Alkali metal compounds
    • B01D2251/304—Alkali metal compounds of sodium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/40—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds
    • B01D2251/404—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds of calcium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/60—Inorganic bases or salts
    • B01D2251/604—Hydroxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2252/00—Absorbents, i.e. solvents and liquid materials for gas absorption
    • B01D2252/10—Inorganic absorbents
    • B01D2252/103—Water
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
    • B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
    • B01D2253/102—Carbon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/20—Halogens or halogen compounds
    • B01D2257/204—Inorganic halogen compounds
    • B01D2257/2045—Hydrochloric acid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/30—Sulfur compounds
    • B01D2257/302—Sulfur oxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/60—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
    • B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
    • B01D2258/0291—Flue gases from waste incineration plants
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/30—Technologies for a more efficient combustion or heat usage

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of waste gas purification technique and purification systems, including incinerator, sack cleaner, the high temperature section of flue gas heat-exchange unit, forecooler, scrubbing tower, the low-temperature zone of flue gas heat-exchange unit and the chimney being sequentially communicated by flue, powder jetting mechanism is additionally provided between incinerator and sack cleaner, the nozzle of powder jetting mechanism is set in pipeline, is disposed with packing layer, lye spray thrower, secondary lye spray thrower, water mist sprinkling device, demister inside scrubbing tower from the bottom up.The present invention is by successively carrying out spray calcium hydroxide and active carbon, filtering, cooling, spray lye, the secondary lye of spray, atomized water spray, demisting and heating to flue gas, the sour gas, dioxin and heavy metal of flue gas can be removed effectively, and it is easy to operate, discharge index is set to be significantly less than environmental protection standard level, flue gas heat-exchange unit is also used simultaneously, the waste heat of flue gas is efficiently utilized, heating efficiency is improved and significantly reduces the cost of exhaust-gas treatment.

Description

A kind of waste gas purification technique and purification system
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of waste gas treatment, especially a kind of waste gas purification technique and purification system.
Background technique
China's house refuse amount of having the characteristics that is big, complicated component, dirt, organic substance in rubbish storage hole vulnerable to To microorganism effect and putrid fermentation, generate the existing peculiar smell such as a certain amount of ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, organic amine, methane again it is harmful Gas.Under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, foul gas main component is respectively ammonia and H2S.When burning disposal, since China is raw Refuse thermal value living is lower, needs to add coal dust firing.In addition, due to house refuse complicated component, it will not during burning disposal Generate secondary pollution, especially dioxin, heavy metal etc. avoidablely, cause incineration flue gas can not qualified discharge, pollute environment, It is detrimental to health.
In order to which using the heat in the debirs such as house refuse or industrial refuse, incineration of waste field has a series of crowds Well known tupe such as uses pyrolytic, gasification.In general, the heat utilization of waste is mainly burning dress always It sets, is especially realized in the incinerator equipped with incinerator.Treat the exhaust gas generated in this kind of incinerator, the prior art In to be equipped with the exhaust air treatment plants such as dedusting and desulfurization mostly to be dusted and desulfurization, but dedusting and desulfurization in the prior art It is inefficient, while the cost for carrying out purification exhaust gas is also high.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, it the present invention provides a kind of waste gas purification technique and purification system, can be improved The efficiency of dedusting and the desulfurization of exhaust gas, while the cost of waste gas purification can be effectively reduced.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of waste gas purification technique, comprising the following steps:
S1, the flue gas discharged to incinerator spray slaked lime powder and active powdered carbon simultaneously, can be with cigarette using slaked lime powder Sour gas in gas is reacted, and acid gas in flue gas is made to be down to 60%-70%, using in active powdered carbon absorption flue gas Dust makes dioxin and heavy metal in flue gas be down to 50%-60%；
S2, filtering spray shone the flue gas of slaked lime powder and active powdered carbon, and remaining calcium hydroxide and active powdered carbon can be attached Filter cake is formed on the filter bag of sack cleaner, is reacted, is made again using remaining calcium hydroxide and the sour gas in flue gas Acid gas in flue gas is down to 50%-60%, adsorbs the dust in flue gas again using remaining active powdered carbon and filter bag, makes cigarette Dioxin and heavy metal in gas are down to 5%-10%；
S3, filtered flue gas cool down, and the temperature of flue gas is made to be down to 70 DEG C -80 DEG C from 170 DEG C -180 DEG C；
S4, lye, secondary lye and water mist are successively sprayed to the flue gas after cooling, and demisting is carried out to flue gas, utilize Lye and secondary lye are sufficiently reacted with acid gas in flue gas transmission, so that acid gas in flue gas is down to 0.1-1%, are utilized Water mist removes the salting liquid carried secretly in flue gas, using the drop in demister pattern removal flue gas and make dioxin in flue gas and Heavy metal is down to 0.1%-1%, and by spray, flue-gas temperature can be down to 65 DEG C -75 DEG C from 70 DEG C -80 DEG C；
S5, it heats up to purified flue gas, reduces purified flue gas moisture, make purified flue-gas temperature from 65 DEG C -75 DEG C are warming up to 125 DEG C -138 DEG C；
S6, it will heat up and purified flue gas emission.
Further, make in the flue gas and step S3 of purification in the step S5 temperature-rise period by using flue gas heat-exchange unit Flue gas exchange heat.
Further, the secondary lye in step S4 is extracted from the bottom end of scrubbing tower.
A kind of waste gas cleaning system, including the incinerator, sack cleaner, flue gas heat exchange being sequentially communicated by flue High temperature section, forecooler, scrubbing tower, the low-temperature zone of flue gas heat-exchange unit and the chimney of device；
Powder jetting is additionally provided on the flue that the smoke outlet of the incinerator is connected with the entrance of sack cleaner The nozzle of mechanism, the powder jetting mechanism is set in flue, for spraying the powder for shining active carbon and calcium hydroxide to flue gas End；
The high temperature section entrance of the flue gas heat-exchange unit is connected with the outlet of sack cleaner, the high temperature of the flue gas heat-exchange unit Section outlet is connected with the entrance of forecooler, and the low-temperature zone entrance of the flue gas heat-exchange unit is connected with the outlet of scrubbing tower, the cigarette The low-temperature zone outlet of gas heat exchanger is connected with the entrance of chimney；
The forecooler includes inner barrel and outer barrel, and the entrance of the inner cylinder is connected with the outlet of flue gas heat-exchange unit high temperature section, The outlet of the inner cylinder is connected with the entrance of scrubbing tower, and multiple coolings to inner tank theca spray water mist are provided in the outer cylinder Spray gun；
Packing layer, lye spray thrower, secondary lye spray thrower, water mist are disposed with inside the scrubbing tower from the bottom up Spray thrower, demister, the gas inlet of the scrubbing tower are set to below packing layer, and the exhanst gas outlet of the scrubbing tower is set to Above demister.
Further, the scrubbing tower is internally located at the cleaning spray being additionally provided with below demister for cleaning demister Device, the cleaning spray device are connected by the first delivery pump and pipeline with water tank or water supply pipe.
Further, the bottom of the scrubbing tower is additionally provided with waste liquid row's mouth, waste liquid row's mouth by the second delivery pump and Pipeline is connected with the entrance of waste liquid tank.
Further, the lye spray thrower is connected by third delivery pump and pipeline with the outlet of alkali liquid tank, described secondary Lye spray thrower is connected by the 4th delivery pump and pipeline with the bottom of scrubbing tower.
Further, plate-type heat-exchange is additionally provided on the pipeline connected between the 4th delivery pump and secondary lye spray thrower The chilled water circuit of device, the plate heat exchanger is connected by pipeline with cooling tower.
Further, the water mist sprinkling device is connected by the 5th delivery pump and pipeline with water tank or water supply pipe, institute Cooling spray gun is stated to be connected by the 6th delivery pump and pipeline with water tank or water supply pipe.
Further, the nozzle of the powder jetting mechanism is separately connected the first material for storing active powdered carbon by injector Second feed bin of storehouse and slaked lime powder.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: by successively carrying out spray calcium hydroxide and active carbon, filtering, cooling, spray alkali to flue gas Liquid, the secondary lye of spray, atomized water spray, demisting and heating, can remove effectively the sour gas, dioxin and a huge sum of money of flue gas Belong to, and easy to operate, so that discharge index is significantly less than environmental protection standard level, while also using flue gas heat-exchange unit, effectively The waste heat of flue gas is utilized, improve heating efficiency and significantly reduces the cost of exhaust-gas treatment.
Detailed description of the invention
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow diagram of preferred embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of preferred embodiment of the invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, below with reference to embodiment and attached drawing The technical effect of design of the invention, specific structure and generation is clearly and completely described, to be completely understood by the present invention Purpose, feature and effect.Obviously, described embodiment is a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than is all implemented Example, those skilled in the art's other embodiments obtained without creative efforts, belongs to the present invention The range of protection.
Referring to Fig.1, a kind of flow diagram of waste gas purification technique, comprising the following steps:
S1, the flue gas discharged to incinerator 1 spray slaked lime powder and active powdered carbon simultaneously, can be with cigarette using slaked lime powder Sour gas in gas is reacted, and acid gas in flue gas is made to be down to 60%-70%, using in active powdered carbon absorption flue gas Dust makes dioxin and heavy metal in flue gas be down to 50%-60%；
S2, filtering spray shone the flue gas of slaked lime powder and active powdered carbon, and remaining calcium hydroxide and active powdered carbon can be attached Filter cake is formed on the filter bag of sack cleaner 2, is reacted, is made again using remaining calcium hydroxide and the sour gas in flue gas Acid gas in flue gas is down to 50%-60%, adsorbs the dust in flue gas again using remaining active powdered carbon and filter bag, makes cigarette Dioxin and heavy metal in gas are down to 5%-10%；
S3, filtered flue gas cool down, and the temperature of flue gas is made to be down to 70 DEG C -80 DEG C from 170 DEG C -180 DEG C；
S4, lye, secondary lye and water mist are successively sprayed to the flue gas after cooling, and demisting is carried out to flue gas, utilize Lye and secondary lye are sufficiently reacted with acid gas in flue gas transmission, so that acid gas in flue gas is down to 0.1-1%, are utilized Water mist removes the salting liquid carried secretly in flue gas, using the drop in demister pattern removal flue gas and make dioxin in flue gas and Heavy metal is down to 0.1%-1%, and by spray, flue-gas temperature can be down to 65 DEG C -75 DEG C from 70 DEG C -80 DEG C；
S5, it heats up to purified flue gas, reduces purified flue gas moisture, make purified flue-gas temperature from 65 DEG C -75 DEG C are warming up to 125 DEG C -138 DEG C；
S6, it will heat up and purified flue gas emission.
Spray calcium hydroxide and active carbon, filtering, cooling, spray alkali, the secondary alkali of spray, spraying, demisting and heating are carried out to flue gas Process, the sour gas, dioxin and heavy metal of flue gas can be removed effectively, can be well below the requirement of effluent standard.
Preferably, make in the flue gas and step S3 of purification in the step S5 temperature-rise period by using flue gas heat-exchange unit 3 Flue gas exchange heat.
Preferably, the secondary lye in step S4 is extracted from the bottom end of scrubbing tower 5, and the utilization rate of lye can be improved.
Referring to Fig. 2, for a kind of preferably embodiment, a kind of waste gas cleaning system, including successively connected by flue Logical incinerator 1, sack cleaner 2, the high temperature section of flue gas heat-exchange unit 3, forecooler 4, scrubbing tower 5, flue gas heat-exchange unit 3 low temperature Section and chimney 6；
Powder spray is additionally provided on the flue that the smoke outlet of the incinerator 1 is connected with the entrance of sack cleaner 2 Mechanism 7 is penetrated, the nozzle of the powder jetting mechanism 7 is set in flue, shines active carbon and calcium hydroxide for spraying to flue gas Powder；
The high temperature section entrance of the flue gas heat-exchange unit 3 is connected with the outlet of sack cleaner 2, the flue gas heat-exchange unit 3 High temperature section outlet is connected with the entrance of forecooler 4, and the low-temperature zone entrance of the flue gas heat-exchange unit 3 is connected with the outlet of scrubbing tower 5, The low-temperature zone outlet of the flue gas heat-exchange unit 3 is connected with the entrance of chimney 6；
The forecooler 4 includes inner barrel and outer barrel, the entrance and the outlet phase of 3 high temperature section of flue gas heat-exchange unit of the inner cylinder Even, the outlet of the inner cylinder is connected with the entrance of scrubbing tower 5, is provided in the outer cylinder multiple to inner tank theca spray water mist Cool down spray gun；
Packing layer 51, lye spray thrower 52, secondary lye spray thrower are disposed with inside the scrubbing tower 5 from the bottom up 53, water mist sprinkling device 54, demister 55, the gas inlet of the scrubbing tower 5 are set to 51 lower section of packing layer, the scrubbing tower 5 Exhanst gas outlet be set to the top of demister 55.
Working principle:
A) seperated injection equipment is set on the flue between 1 discharge outlet of incinerator and sack cleaner 2, to Flue gas in flue sprays slaked lime powder and active powdered carbon simultaneously, can be with the sour gas in flue gas using slaked lime powder It is reacted, acid gas in flue gas is made to be down to 60%-70%, using the dust in active powdered carbon absorption flue gas, made in flue gas Dioxin and heavy metal be down to 50%-60%；
B) heavy metal, the active carbon of flue dust, calcium hydroxide and product, condensation in the removing flue gas of sack cleaner 2 are utilized Powder, remaining calcium hydroxide and active powdered carbon in flue gas can be attached on the filter bag of the sack cleaner 2 and form filter cake, remain Remaining calcium hydroxide can react again with the sour gas in flue gas, and acid gas in flue gas is made to be down to 50%-60%, in flue gas Sour gas mainly ask HCl and SO2The key reaction occurred at this time are as follows:
Ca(OH)2+SO2→CaSO3+H2O, 2HCL+Ca (OH)2→CaCl2+2H2O；
It adsorbs the dust in flue gas again using active powdered carbon and filter bag, is down to dioxin and heavy metal in flue gas 5%-10%；
C) cooled down using the high temperature section of flue gas heat-exchange unit 3 and forecooler 4 to filtered flue gas, flue gas passes through flue gas The high temperature section heat release of heat exchanger 3, can make flue-gas temperature be down to 105 DEG C -115 DEG C from 170 DEG C -180 DEG C；Forecooler 4 utilizes water mist Heat absorption makes flue-gas temperature be down to 70 DEG C -80 DEG C from 105 DEG C -115 DEG C；When the high temperature section first passage high temperature cigarette of flue gas heat-exchange unit 3 When gas, since the low-temperature zone for not having purified flue gas to enter flue gas heat-exchange unit 3 is absorbed heat, need to reduce cooling spray in advance at this time The water mist temperature of rifle spray makes former flue gas be down to 70 DEG C -80 from 170 DEG C -180 DEG C after entrance forecooler 4 to 10 DEG C -15 DEG C DEG C, when there is the flue gas of purification to enter flue gas heat-exchange unit 3, then make the water mist of cooling spray gun spray room temperature；
D) flue gas after cooling is sent into scrubbing tower 5, flue gas is up flowed from 5 bottom of scrubbing tower, and is washed to passing through The flue gas of packing layer 51 in tower 5 sprays lye, and wherein lye is the NAOH solution that mass fraction is 25%-30%, using filling out The bed of material 51, can be improved the reaction effect of the sour gas and lye in flue gas, the sour gas in flue gas mainly ask HCl and SO2The key reaction occurred at this time are as follows:
2NaOH+SO2→Na2SO3+H2O, HCL+NaOH → NaCl+H2O；
Then successively it can pass through washing to carrying out secondary lye and water mist, last flue gas by the flue gas after packing layer 51 The demister 55 at 5 top of tower, is contacted again using secondary lye and the acid gas in flue gas of tower bottom, can make full use of secondary alkali The alkali not reacted in liquid absorbs sour gas again, and the utilization rate of lye can be improved, and is down to acid gas in flue gas 0.1-1% can remove the salting liquid carried secretly in flue gas to the flue gas spray water mist after neutralization, can remove cigarette using demister 55 Drop in gas simultaneously makes dioxin and heavy metal in flue gas be down to 0.1%-1%, while spraying by liquid, flue-gas temperature 65 DEG C -75 DEG C can be down to from 70 DEG C -80 DEG C；
E) purified flue gas is sent into the low-temperature zone of flue gas heat-exchange unit 3, absorbs the heat of the temperature of former flue gas and mentioned Itself high temperature, can reduce purified flue gas moisture, purified flue-gas temperature be warming up to from 65 DEG C -75 DEG C 125 DEG C - 138 DEG C, the waste heat of flue gas can be made full use of, the work that can not only reduce forecooler 4 meets, while can avoid reheating generation Heat consumption；
F) after will heat up and purified flue gas send to chimney 6 and is discharged.
Preferably, in order to monitor enter scrubbing tower 5 in flue-gas temperature whether be down to 70 DEG C -80 DEG C, forecooler 4 with wash It washs and is additionally provided with temperature sensor 58 in the flue between tower 5, for flue-gas temperature situation after detection cooling.
Preferably, being internally located at below demister 55 for the scrubbing tower 5 is additionally provided with for cleaning the clear of demister 55 Clean spray thrower 56, the cleaning spray device 56 are connected by the first delivery pump 11 and pipeline with water tank 8 or water supply pipe, After long-time service, dust and salt can be adhered on demister 55, by can remove on demister 55 to 55 shower water of demister The impurity such as dust and salt, and the tower bottom of scrubbing tower 5 is flowed to, the demisting efficiency of demister 55 can be improved.
Preferably, the bottom of the scrubbing tower 5 is additionally provided with waste liquid row's mouth, and the waste liquid row mouth passes through the second delivery pump 12 And pipeline is connected with the entrance of waste liquid tank 9, the waste liquid that pH value can be reached to 7-8 discharges, while for effectively monitoring tower The bottom of the pH value of bottom solution, the scrubbing tower 5 is additionally provided with pH value sensor 57.
Preferably, in order to efficiently accomplish the work for remove to flue gas sour gas, the lye spray thrower 52 passes through Third delivery pump 13 and pipeline are connected with the outlet of alkali liquid tank 10, the secondary lye spray thrower 53 by the 4th delivery pump 14 and Pipeline is connected with the bottom of scrubbing tower 5.
Preferably, it is additionally provided on the pipeline connected between the 4th delivery pump 14 and secondary lye spray thrower 53 board-like The chilled water circuit of heat exchanger 1011, the plate heat exchanger 1011 is connected by pipeline with cooling tower 101, and plate heat exchanger is utilized 1011, it can cool down to the lye after reacting, while being circulated to improve cooling water, the pipe in the chilled water circuit Road is additionally provided with the 7th delivery pump 17.
Preferably, the water mist sprinkling device 54 passes through the 5th delivery pump 15 and pipeline and water tank 8 or water supply pipe phase Even, the cooling spray gun is connected by the 6th delivery pump 16 and pipeline with water tank 8 or water supply pipe.
Preferably, the nozzle of the powder jetting mechanism 7 is separately connected the of the active powdered carbon of storage by injector 71 Second feed bin 73 of one feed bin 72 and slaked lime powder.
Preferably, the outer cylinder bottom end of the forecooler 4 is provided with drainage hole, and drainage hole passes through pipeline and the 8th delivery pump 18 It is connected with recycling can 102, the liquid formed after vapor can cool down recycles, and can re-utilize.
Preferably, in order to which purified flue gas can be discharged effectively, the low-temperature zone of the flue gas heat-exchange unit 3 and chimney 6 it Between be additionally provided with air-introduced machine 103 on the flue that connects, can effectively draw the discharge of flue gas toward chimney 6 using air-introduced machine 103 Mouth discharge.
The above, only better embodiment of the invention, but the present invention is not limited to above-described embodiments, as long as The technical effect of the present invention is achieved by any identical or similar means for it, all should belong to protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of waste gas purification technique, which comprises the following steps:
S1, the flue gas discharged to incinerator (1) spray slaked lime powder and active powdered carbon simultaneously, can be with flue gas using slaked lime powder In sour gas reacted, so that acid gas in flue gas is down to 60%-70%, utilize active powdered carbon absorption flue gas in powder Dirt makes dioxin and heavy metal in flue gas be down to 50%-60%；
S2, filtering spray shone the flue gas of slaked lime powder and active powdered carbon, and remaining calcium hydroxide and active powdered carbon can be attached to bag Filter cake is formed on the filter bag of formula deduster (2), is reacted again using remaining calcium hydroxide and the sour gas in flue gas, makes cigarette Sour gas is down to 50%-60% in gas, adsorbs the dust in flue gas again using remaining active powdered carbon and filter bag, makes flue gas In dioxin and heavy metal be down to 5%-10%；
S3, filtered flue gas cool down, and the temperature of flue gas is made to be down to 70 DEG C -80 DEG C from 170 DEG C -180 DEG C；
S4, lye, secondary lye and water mist are successively sprayed to the flue gas after cooling, and demisting is carried out to flue gas, utilize lye And secondary lye is sufficiently reacted with acid gas in flue gas transmission, so that acid gas in flue gas is down to 0.1-1%, is utilized water mist The salting liquid carried secretly in flue gas is removed, remove the drop in flue gas using demister pattern and makes the dioxin and a huge sum of money in flue gas Category is down to 0.1%-1%, and by spray, flue-gas temperature can be down to 65 DEG C -75 DEG C from 70 DEG C -80 DEG C；
S5, heat up to purified flue gas, reduce purified flue gas moisture, make purified flue-gas temperature from 65 DEG C- 75 DEG C are warming up to 125 DEG C -138 DEG C；
S6, it will heat up and purified flue gas emission.
2. waste gas purification technique according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the step S5 temperature-rise period by using Flue gas heat-exchange unit (3) makes the flue gas of purification exchange heat with the flue gas in step S3.
3. waste gas purification technique according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: secondary lye in the step S4 is from washing It extracts the bottom end of tower (5).
4. a kind of waste gas cleaning system, it is characterised in that: incinerator (1), pocket type including being sequentially communicated by flue remove Dirt device (2), the high temperature section of flue gas heat-exchange unit (3), the low-temperature zone and cigarette of forecooler (4), scrubbing tower (5), flue gas heat-exchange unit (3) Chimney (6)；
Powder spray is additionally provided on the flue that the smoke outlet of the incinerator (1) is connected with the entrance of sack cleaner (2) It penetrates mechanism (7), the nozzle of the powder jetting mechanism (7) is set in flue, for spraying solarization active carbon to flue gas and disappearing The powder of lime；
The high temperature section entrance of the flue gas heat-exchange unit (3) is connected with the outlet of sack cleaner (2), the flue gas heat-exchange unit (3) High temperature section outlet be connected with the entrance of forecooler (4), the outlet of the low-temperature zone entrance and scrubbing tower of the flue gas heat-exchange unit (3) It is connected, the low-temperature zone outlet of the flue gas heat-exchange unit (3) is connected with the entrance of chimney (6)；
The forecooler (4) includes inner barrel and outer barrel, the entrance and the outlet phase of flue gas heat-exchange unit (3) high temperature section of the inner cylinder Even, the outlet of the inner cylinder is connected with the entrance of scrubbing tower, is provided in the outer cylinder multiple to inner tank theca spray water mist Cool down spray gun；
Packing layer (51), lye spray thrower (52), secondary lye spray are disposed with inside the scrubbing tower (5) from the bottom up Device (53), water mist sprinkling device (54), demister (55), the gas inlet of the scrubbing tower (5) are set to below packing layer (51), The exhanst gas outlet of the scrubbing tower (5) is set to above demister (55).
5. waste gas cleaning system according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the scrubbing tower (5) is internally located at demisting It is additionally provided with the cleaning spray device (56) for cleaning demister (55) below device (55), the cleaning spray device (56) passes through the One delivery pump (11) and pipeline are connected with water tank (8) or water supply pipe.
6. waste gas cleaning system according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the bottom of the scrubbing tower (5) is additionally provided with Waste liquid arranges mouth, and waste liquid row's mouth is connected by the second delivery pump (12) and pipeline with the entrance of waste liquid tank (9).
7. waste gas cleaning system according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the lye spray thrower (52) is defeated by third Pump (13) and pipeline and the outlet of alkali liquid tank (10) is sent to be connected, the secondary lye spray thrower (53) passes through the 4th delivery pump (14) And pipeline is connected with the bottom of scrubbing tower (5).
8. waste gas cleaning system according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: the 4th delivery pump (14) and secondary lye It is additionally provided on the pipeline connected between spray thrower (53) plate heat exchanger (1011), the cold water of the plate heat exchanger (1011) Circuit is connected by pipeline with cooling tower (101).
9. waste gas cleaning system according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the water mist sprinkling device (54) is defeated by the 5th Pump (15) and pipeline is sent to be connected with water tank (8) or water supply pipe, the cooling spray gun passes through the 6th delivery pump (16) and pipe Road is connected with water tank (8) or water supply pipe.
10. waste gas cleaning system according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the nozzle of the powder jetting mechanism (7) is logical Overspray device (71) is separately connected the second feed bin (73) of the first feed bin (72) and slaked lime powder of storing active powdered carbon.
CN201811287779.4A 2018-10-31 2018-10-31 A kind of waste gas purification technique and purification system Pending CN109224806A (en)

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CN110354655A (en) * 2019-05-09 2019-10-22 山东明晟化工工程有限公司 A kind of flue gas desulfurization takes off white treatment process
CN110449017A (en) * 2019-08-13 2019-11-15 上海电力大学 A kind of lye injection promotes the device of WESP removing arsenic selenium lead heavy metal
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