CN109224654A - System for cleaning fume - Google Patents
System for cleaning fume Download PDFInfo
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- CN109224654A CN109224654A CN201811303957.8A CN201811303957A CN109224654A CN 109224654 A CN109224654 A CN 109224654A CN 201811303957 A CN201811303957 A CN 201811303957A CN 109224654 A CN109224654 A CN 109224654A
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- China
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- array
- flue gas
- dust
- component
- gas
- Prior art date
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- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001870 ammonium persulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940043237 diethanolamine Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- CRVGTESFCCXCTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(C)CCO CRVGTESFCCXCTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- UKLNMMHNWFDKNT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium chlorite Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]Cl=O UKLNMMHNWFDKNT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960002218 sodium chlorite Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000004262 dental pulp cavity Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- -1 carbide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003889 chemical engineering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 description 2
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PQUCIEFHOVEZAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diammonium sulfite Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S([O-])=O PQUCIEFHOVEZAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000790917 Dioxys <bee> Species 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011021 bench scale process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012717 electrostatic precipitator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012716 precipitator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010125 resin casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/54—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using ultra-fine filter sheets or diaphragms
- B01D46/543—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using ultra-fine filter sheets or diaphragms using membranes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/66—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter
- B01D46/70—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter by acting counter-currently on the filtering surface, e.g. by flushing on the non-cake side of the filter
- B01D46/71—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter by acting counter-currently on the filtering surface, e.g. by flushing on the non-cake side of the filter with pressurised gas, e.g. pulsed air
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/007—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by irradiation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/60—Simultaneously removing sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/62—Carbon oxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/64—Heavy metals or compounds thereof, e.g. mercury
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/77—Liquid phase processes
- B01D53/78—Liquid phase processes with gas-liquid contact
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/50—Carbon oxides
- B01D2257/504—Carbon dioxide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/60—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
- B01D2257/602—Mercury or mercury compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
- B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
- B01D2259/80—Employing electric, magnetic, electromagnetic or wave energy, or particle radiation
- B01D2259/804—UV light
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Abstract
System for cleaning fume, the dust-filtering array made of heat exchanger, hollow-fibre membrane and its component, scrubbing tower, low-altitude discharged mouth form；Its technical process is: being adjusted flue-gas temperature to 40--80 DEG C with heat exchanger, later, the dust catching in flue gas is filtered with the filter array that hollow-fibre membrane and its component form, its concentration is reduced under 1---30ug/m3, later, the flue gas after dedirt is sent into scrubbing tower absorption processing again, especially with ultraviolet light+oxidant+hollow-fibre membrane aeration method, it aoxidizes, wash in stuffing washing tower, it removes, the gaseous substance in recovered flue gas, is discharged into atmospheric environment through low latitude exhaust port.The present invention can by flue gas dust pollution object and gas pollutant processing to better than ATMOSPHERICAL BACKGROUND environment level, be particularly conducive to energy-saving, the emission reduction of the industries such as power generation, smelting, sintering, coking, internal combustion engine, cement, garbage disposal.
Description
Fields
The present invention relates to a kind of system for cleaning fume.
Background technique
The flue gas refers to be contained caused by the reaction such as internal combustion engine and external-combustion engine, boiler combustion, smelting, sintering, burning
Dust, sulfide, carbide, carbon dioxide, heavy metal and other compositions mixed gas.
Burning and to smelt be the current most extensive mode for obtaining power and resource and processing polluter, as power generation, coking,
Metal smelt, cement manufacture, internal combustion engine, waste incineration etc., but the generation of combustion reaction process cannot largely be collected in time
It with the emission utilized, constitutes to environment detrimental effect, is also referred to as " polluting ", and pollute and arrived serious destruction
Ball ecological environment threatens the degree of human survival.This has been undisputable fact, is discussed without excessive.Problem is with assorted
The technical solution of sample realizes ideal effective purification and resource utilization to flue gas.
The ingredient of flue gas mainly has particulate matter and gas two major classes.
Handle dust particles method, it is most common be fiber bag precipitator, electrostatic precipitator, wet dedusting with
And the combination of these methods.Although have passed through effort in more than 100 years, the effect of processing rests on the water of 8---30mg/m3 always
On flat, i.e., this index is very difficult and undesirable.Such as pollutant as lead, this index cannot especially make us full
Meaning.There are many method for handling the vapor phase contaminants such as sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, mercury, and the mode of mainstream is with high temperature, catalysis at present
Agent+ammonium hydroxide (SNCR, SCR) denitration and with lime water spray desulfurization, the attainable discharge index of institute is 50---200mg/m3,
Best index report, claims and can achieve 5---20mg/m3, although this is difficult to realize, still one cannot make us full
The data of meaning.Importantly, nearly all power plant, smeltery, cement plant, internal combustion engine, external-combustion engine ... are to carbon dioxide-base
This is trapped without source.
Ideal index is that the various gas discharge standards in flue gas are reduced to 2mg/m3；Dust emission standard control
System is in 10ug/m3 or less；The byproduct that flue gas generates will be handled, the chemical fertilizer such as ammonium sulfate and ammonium nitrate are become by gypsum, realized
High value resource reclaim；Trap carbon dioxide most in flue gas.In order to realize this dream, people have paid unremitting
Effort, but it is far away apart from ideal target.
Inventors believe why extremely difficult fume treatment is, crucial technological difficulties are: Practical Project occasion row
The flue gas put all is the mixture of high concentrate dust and gas.
It is the technology relative maturity of the pure mixed gas of recovery, reliable, cheap from the point of view of chemical engineering technology, it is preceding
Mentioning is that these gases cannot contain a large amount of dust, and otherwise dust can be deposited on the surface of mass transfer exchange media, seriously affect liquid gas
The efficiency of reaction, exchange, or even pipeline can be blocked, make gas-liquid exchange, absorption process that can not continue to carry out, dust is to interfere gas
An important factor for processing.Conversely speaking, once realizing efficiently separating for dust and gas, the processing of pure gas will become very simple
It is single, reliable and cheap.It means that if the dust concentration in flue gas first can be reduced to microgram/cubic meter hereinafter, if
It can be with mature, reliable technique easily effectively by ingredients such as nitrogen oxides, sulphur contained in gas, carbon dioxide, mercury
It categorizedly decomposes, recycle.
In order to further increase the efficiency and level that dust is handled in flue gas, present inventor has performed long-term, deep to grind
Study carefully and effort, researched and developed successfully air cleaning special hollow fibre film and for purified treatment membrane module dusty, such as
(201810655024.9).Experiment shows can be by high concentrate dust contained in flue gas processing to 1-10ug/m3 hereinafter, than existing
There is the efficiency of dedusting technology to improve 1000----10000 times or more, under conditions of not increasing windage, can make power plant pot
For the smoke filtration containing high concentrate dust that fire grate goes out to the level of clean gas, this is just using mature, traditional chemical process skill
Art further decomposes subsequent dedirt gas, recycles, handles and creates condition, also therefore to form a kind of completely new gas cleaning
Processing system scheme provides experiment basis and feasibility.
There are many kinds of the processing techniques of the vapor phase contaminants of existing maturation, and what is drawn attention recently is ultraviolet light+oxidant
Handle the research and bench-scale testing of flue gas, the scheme proposed such as (201610239826.2) patent application of Liu Yangxian.But
The premise for being these schemes is that dust content in flue gas must be sufficiently low, and otherwise dust will be deposited on light source, be place
Reason process cannot continue.
Summary of the invention
The progress obtained based on the above issues with the present inventor, the present invention propose a completely new system for cleaning fume
Scheme and its technical process, it is characterised in that: the dust-filtering array made of heat exchanger, hollow-fibre membrane and its component,
Scrubbing tower, low latitude tail gas air outlet composition；Its technical process is: the flue-gas temperature for being sent upstream combustion link with heat exchanger
It reduces；It adjusts to 40--80 DEG C；Later, the filter array formed with hollow-fibre membrane and its component is by the dust catching in flue gas
Filtering, its concentration is reduced under 1---30ug/m3；And then the flue gas after dedirt is sent into scrubbing tower absorption processing, it uses
The cleaning solution of scrubbing tower removes, the gaseous substance in recovered flue gas；Later, tail gas is discharged into big compression ring through low latitude tail gas air outlet
Border.
Further, the dust-filtering array made of hollow-fibre membrane and its component, used in film wire mould
Material material is made；Or it is made of ceramic material；Or it is made of metal material；The film wire made of plastic material, section
Diameter is that Φ 3 --- 30 mm of Φ, the length is 500---2000mm；Component film wire boundling as described in 20-200 root and
At；The film wire total surface area of its single branch component of the component and the ratio of the flue gas flow passed through are the m of 1 m2/30-100
³；Film wire in the component, film wire air outlet face high-pressure jet pipe port have high-voltage pulse air interval to be blown into, will
High pressure draught is blown into inside film wire, generates pressure, the dust accumulation for accumulating in film wire outer surface is blown off；With 100---30000 branch institute
It states component and forms the dust-filtering array.
Further, the dust-filtering array made of hollow-fibre membrane and its component, which is characterized in that in described
The plastic material of film used by empty fiber membrane or ceramic material or metal material are made；Wherein, described to be made of plastic material
Hollow-fibre membrane, diameter of section be Φ 3 --- 30 mm of Φ, the length is 500---2000mm, the component is by 20-
200 film wire boundlings form；The film wire total surface area and the ratio of the flue gas flow passed through of its single branch component of the component
Value is the m3 of 1 m2/30-100；The film wire in the component, film wire air outlet face high-pressure jet pipe port, has
High-voltage pulse air interval is blown into, and high pressure draught is blown into inside film wire, pressure is generated, will accumulate in the dust accumulation of film wire outer surface
It blows off；The component, which is propped up, with 10---30000 forms the dust-filtering array.
Further, the dust-filtering array made of hollow-fibre membrane and its component, it is characterised in that: in described
Film wire used by empty fiber membrane is made of polytetrafluoroethylplastic plastic material.
Further, the scrubbing tower is packed tower.
Further, the diameter of the packed tower is 0.5-25m, and quantity is 1-50, each packed tower series connection or simultaneously
Connection connection, each packed tower is interior to use similar and different cleaning solution, each packed tower single-stage or multistage operating sequence, each packed tower point
Not using or be used in combination the cleaning solution of heterogeneity and property.
Further, it is a liquid cabinet below the packed tower, aeration array is housed in liquid cabinet；The aeration array
A kind of scheme is using polytetrafluoroethylhollow hollow fiber membrane as the aeration end for being aerated array；The top of the packed tower is equipped with one
Serial spray head；There are a quartz burner array, the ultraviolet alignment of first layer of the quartz burner array below the spray head
Manage horizontally arranged, there are the distance with 10----100mm between every root canal, next stratose pipe is horizontal, is spaced apart, direction with
Upper layer tubulation has the angle of one 10-90 degree, or arranged in parallel with upper layer tubulation, and be staggered a 10---- in horizontal direction
The distance of 100mm is in lower layer's fluorescent tube in the neutral gear of upper layer fluorescent tube；There are the distance of 10----100mm, tubulation between every layer of fluorescent tube
The number of plies be 3---50 layers；It is a packing layer below the array of the quartz burner composition, packing layer is normal using spray column
Advise filler；The job order of the packed tower is: the dust-filtering array made of the hollow-fibre membrane and its component is sent
Dedirt gas, by aeration array spray, be sufficiently mixed with the absorbing liquid in liquid cabinet, and react；The gas of spilling exists
It is moved upwards under fan action along described filler layer, quartz burner array, spray head, tail gas direction of air outlet；Quilt in liquid cabinet
Absorbing liquid after aeration is promoted to packed tower top by liquid pump, sprays from spray head, along spray head, quartz burner array, filler
Layer moves downward, and returns to liquid cabinet；Cleaning solution passage in transit quartz burner array, table of the liquid directly through quartz burner
Face generates photodestruciton by ultraviolet light direct irradiation, generates a large amount of free radicals, and the flue gas close contact of free radical and rising occurs
Reaction, cleaning solution continue traveling downwardly, and flow into packing layer, come into full contact with, react with the flue gas of rising, returned in liquid cabinet later.
Further, the ingredient of the cleaning solution and property are: water, ammonium hydroxide, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, sulfurous acid, sodium bicarbonate,
Sodium chlorite, sodium hypochlorite, sodium sulfite, sodium sulphate, ammonium sulfite, diethanol amine, methyl diethanolamine or these liquid
Mixing liquid.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing 1 is the overall structure diagram of an example of a system for cleaning fume of the present invention.Figure
In 101 be heat exchanger；102 be dust-filtering array made of hollow-fibre membrane and its component；103 packed towers；104 be liquid
Cabinet；105 be aeration array；106 be that rich solution collects enrichment facility；107 be new liquid allotment supplementary device；108 low latitude tail gas outlet air
Mouthful；109 quartz burner arrays；110 packing layers；111 spray heads.
Attached drawing 2 is the schematic diagram of an example of a hollow-fibre membrane and its component of the present invention.In figure, 201
It is high-pressure air pipe；202 be component shell；203 be big card；204 hollow-fibre membrane film wires；205 be high-pressure jet pipe port；206
It is film wire air outlet；207 upper face plates；208 lower face plates；209 manifold ports.
Specific embodiment
Provided system for cleaning fume basic structure according to the present invention, may be implemented as a variety of specific classes
Type is one of them below.
System for cleaning fume according to the present invention, its main feature is that first will with the mode of hollow-fibre membrane ultra filtration
The thorough filtering of dust in flue gas, is less than the degree of the clean gas of 1-30ug/m3, is washed again with traditional, mature later
Tower technology is washed, by the gas removal in dedirt flue gas, is less than the degree of 2mg/m3, later by tail gas low-altitude discharged.Therefore,
Just abandon original traditional SCR(290 DEG C 980 DEG C of -- 430 DEG C) or SNCR(800 DEG C ---) the temperature condition that uses of technique.
In order to be adjusted to the high-temperature flue gas come out from burning link to be suitble to gas cleaning processing system according to the present invention
The working range of system should be arranged preposition heat exchanger 101, for reducing and adjusting flue-gas temperature, while recycle thermal energy.Heat is handed over
Parallel operation is mature technology, can use various types of heat exchangers, no longer be described in detail.
Using the dedicated polytetrafluoroethylhollow hollow fiber membrane of air cleaning made of polytetrafluoroethylene material in this example,
And membrane module is made with this hollow-fibre membrane.This material is suitable for work in 150-200 degrees Celsius of high temperature section,
So, it is not necessary that it has to reduce flue-gas temperature, preposition cooling device can actually be not added.Needing most reduces temperature
It is subsequent absorbing liquid, excessively high temperature will cause gasification and boiling, generate excessively high pressure, at this moment should avoid.
As the example of more time property, the flue-gas temperature sent from heat exchanger has had descended to 40---80 DEG C, is suitble to
It works in the hollow-fibre membrane made of various plastics.
The support construction of membrane module in this example is made of upper face plate 207, lower face plate 208, component shell 202；Lower face plate
A series of film wire air outlets 206 are housed, the other end of each film wire air outlet 206 connects a film wire 204 on 208；
A series of high-pressure jet pipe ports 205 are housed, each high-pressure jet pipe port 205 face, one film wire goes out on upper face plate 207
Gas port 206；The side of component shell 202 is provided with several manifold ports 209；The top of component shell 202 is equipped with high-pressure air pipe 201.?
Membrane module can be formed using the fixed film wire of epoxy resin casting method.Membrane module is mounted on " big card ", since big card is
Term in now widely used dust settling pocket technique, colleague is known, and this will not be detailed here.
When work, flue gas is sucked hollow-fibre membrane by the negative pressure that blower 103 generates, the micro porous filtration dust on film wire surface,
Dedirt gas reaches manifold port 209 by numerous film wire air outlets 206, with other membrane module manifold ports 209 in array
Air-flow leave dust-filtering array together.
High-pressure air pipe 201 is connect with a pulse switch, and timing issues high voltage pulse air-flow, is distributed in component shell every
High pressure draught is blown into each by one high-pressure jet pipe port 205 by each corresponding film wire air outlet 206
Inside root film wire, pressure is generated, the dust accumulation for accumulating in film wire outer surface is blown off, film wire is made to restore its initial resistance.
Filtering flue gas by hollow-fibre membrane film wire, dust concentration, which has had descended to, is less than 1-10ug/m
3, have become quite pure gas.
Next, be by 80 DEG C of temperature or less and be stripped of most dust flue gas be sent into scrubbing tower 104.Scrubbing tower
104 be traditional packed tower, and according to different flue gas sulfur contents, the size and scale of scrubbing tower 104 are had nothing in common with each other, and is answered
It is between 1---25 meters with diameter.
Why past, stuffing washing tower cannot be directly used to the fume treatment of high pollution industry, and basic reason is cigarette
Dust in gas will have a direct impact on the operating condition that packed tower is especially the scrubbing tower of intensive filler, for example, if in the flue gas of upstream
Dust concentration is only 50g/m3 dust, per hour the air-flow of 300,000 m3, will generate the dust of tons of per hour, if mistake
Filtering efficiency is 90%, and the dust into scrubbing tower also has 135kg/h, and daily 3 tons, this is unacceptable for scrubbing tower.Only
Having reduces 1000--10000 times or more this data using hollow-fibre membrane hyperfiltration technique, enters the dust of scrubbing tower daily
Lower than 0.3---3kg, cleaning solution just has the ability to accommodate or takes away these dust, could ensure the normal operation of scrubbing tower.
Since the scrubbing tower of packing type is mature chemical engineering facility and technique, technical detail is without being described in detail.
It is this using a kind of new packed tower as an example in smoke processing system according to the present invention
In packed tower other than traditional filler, increases ultraviolet lamp tube matrix and hollow-fibre membrane is aerated the two links.It is described
It is a liquid cabinet below packed tower, aeration array is housed, a kind of scheme of aeration head is in liquid cabinet: using in polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)
Aeration end of the empty fiber membrane as aeration array；Many experiments show to use polytetrafluoroethylhollow hollow fiber membrane can as aeration end
Solarization air cap is reduced to micron level, realize bubble-free aeration, gas and liquid can achieve it is sufficient mix, in conjunction with surface
The increase of product geometric progression, or even will appear emulsification.In this way, the flue gas containing various composition is directly contacted with absorbing liquid, Ke Yijia
It is acute it is desirable that reaction.
The absorbing liquid by aeration is drawn into pump the top of packed tower, is sprayed from spray head 111, directly spray in ultraviolet lamp
On pipe array 109, the fluorescent tube of ultraviolet lamp tube array 109 is layered cross arrangement, and absorbing liquid is flowed through from the gap between fluorescent tube, real
It is all to be close to tube wall to flow downward on border, the intensity of ultraviolet light is utilized to greatest extent.Absorbing liquid is all strong oxidizer, strong purple
It can be cleaved under outside line effect, generate a large amount of free radicals, carried much by aeration process in the cleaning solution for being due to this
Flue gas, meanwhile, the flue gas overflowed in liquid cabinet 104 ascension under fan action reaches herein, reacts herein with free radical generation.
Cleaning solution after ultraviolet lamp tube array 109 has contained a large amount of free radicals, continues traveling downwardly into packing layer
110, packing layer 110 is made of the common filler of such as Pall ring, Raschig ring etc, it is therefore an objective to contact area is further increased, it is real
Now sufficiently reaction.
Later, cleaning solution returns to liquid cabinet.The flue gas be fully absorbed, reacted becomes the harmless tail of desulfurization denitration demercuration
Gas is discharged from tail gas air outlet 108.100% sulfur dioxide, 99% nitrogen oxides, 99% mercuration close in the gas being discharged
Object is all intercepted to be absorbed.
Realize that liquid gas exchanges using cleaning solution, especially with the Strong oxdiative of hydrogen peroxide, sodium hypochlorite, ammonium persulfate etc
Agent+ultraviolet light can convert recyclable substance for substance reaction specific in gas, absorption, this is mature, reliable
Technology is no longer described in detail.Cleaning solution of the present invention, property and ingredient have water, ammonium hydroxide, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, sulfurous acid, carbonic acid
Hydrogen sodium, sodium chlorite, ammonium persulfate, sodium hypochlorite, sodium sulfite, sodium sulphate, diethanol amine, methyl diethanolamine, also also
A greater variety of cleaning solutions are available.
The scrubbing tower of existing classics, the especially suitable mature and reliable of padding washing tower technology, can usually reach 99%
Above removal efficiency, the flue gas after handling by scrubbing tower become pure gas, can be set with direct emission, original tradition
In meter for high altitude discharge chimney and all to lose meaning to the heating link of high altitude discharge, can directly pass through low latitude
Discharge outlet 105 is discharged into atmospheric environment.
Novelty of the invention is that: the dust-filtering array made of heat exchanger, hollow-fibre membrane and its component is washed
Wash tower, low-altitude discharged mouth composition system for cleaning fume, be different from it is all once had, existing gas cleaning processing scheme.
Compared with (201610239826.2) of such as Liu Yangxian, the present invention has two o'clock outstanding advantage: 1, the hollow fibre proposed
Tieing up film aeration has novelty and advance, and be practically used for spray is the emulsion of flue gas and oxidant, gas-liquid contact
Possibility is maximum.2, the radiation intensity and distance of ultraviolet light square are inversely proportional, that is to say, that only on lamp tube wall, purple
Outside line is only strongest, and spray liquid directly adheres to, flows through ultraviolet lamp tube outer wall, and the flue gas of rising carries out directly on tube outer wall
Reaction, the utilization rate highest of ultraviolet light.
Practicability of the invention is: 1, can by flue gas dust pollution object and gas pollutant processing to better than big
The level of gas background environment；It 2, can be with the resource object in almost all recovered flue gas；3, the dioxy in flue gas can directly be trapped
Change carbon；3, entire treatment process carries out at low temperature, eliminates as to heating link needed for high altitude discharge, so that system is whole
The thermal efficiency greatly increase, saved mass energy.4, technology maturation, practicability, reliability and success rate are very high.
Advance of the invention and have the beneficial effect that there will be the dust emission in flue gas to reduce 1000-10000 times,
Index is increased to 1---30ug/m3 by 30-200mg/m3 at one stroke；By the finger of nitrogen oxides, dioxide emissions in flue gas
It indicates 50-200mg/m3 and is increased to 2mg/m3 at one stroke, carbon dioxide is increased to 90% trapping by letting alone completely, and original height is dirty
Dye discharge is changed into pure discharge, while saving heat energy, has recycled resource.Therefore, gas cleaning processing provided by the present invention
System is the important technology progress cleaned in combustion field, and the very big burning for improving or eradicating coal, oil, gas, rubbish is generated
Pollution problem opens up more long-range space for the utilization of the existing energy, is particularly conducive to power generation, smelting, sintering, coking, internal combustion
Energy-saving, the emission reduction of the industries such as machine, cement, garbage disposal are conducive to the source trapping of carbon dioxide, are conducive to various energy resources
The especially utilization and exploitation of coal resources, these all have strategic meaning.
Claims (7)
1. system for cleaning fume, it is characterized in that: the dust-filtering battle array made of heat exchanger, hollow-fibre membrane and its component
Column, scrubbing tower, low latitude tail gas air outlet composition；Its technical process is: the flue gas for being sent upstream combustion link with heat exchanger
Temperature reduces；It adjusts to 40--80 DEG C；Later, the filter array formed with hollow-fibre membrane and its component is by the dust in flue gas
Filtering is intercepted, its concentration is reduced under 1---30ug/m3；And then the flue gas after dedirt is sent at scrubbing tower absorption
Reason is removed, the gaseous substance in recovered flue gas with the cleaning solution of scrubbing tower；Later, tail gas is discharged into through low latitude tail gas air outlet
Atmospheric environment.
2. system for cleaning fume according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described to use hollow-fibre membrane and its component
Manufactured dust-filtering array, used in film wire be made of plastic material；Or it is made of ceramic material；Or with metal material system
At；The film wire made of plastic material, diameter of section are that Φ 3 --- 30 mm of Φ, the length is 500---2000mm；
Component film wire boundling as described in 20-200 root forms；The film wire total surface area of its single branch component of the component with passed through
The ratio of flue gas flow is the m3 of 1 m2/30-100；Film wire in the component, film wire air outlet face high-pressure jet
Pipe port has high-voltage pulse air interval to be blown into, high pressure draught is blown into inside film wire, pressure is generated, will accumulate in outside film wire
The dust accumulation on surface is blown off；The component, which is propped up, with 100---30000 forms the dust-filtering array.
3. according to claim 1, system for cleaning fume described in 2,3, described made of hollow-fibre membrane and its component
Dust-filtering array, it is characterised in that: used film wire is made of polytetrafluoroethylplastic plastic material.
4. system for cleaning fume according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the scrubbing tower is packed tower.
5. according to claim 1, system for cleaning fume described in 4, it is characterised in that: the diameter of the packed tower is 1-
25m, quantity are 1-50, and each packed tower is connected in series or in parallel, and similar and different cleaning solution is used in each packed tower,
Each packed tower single-stage or multistage operating sequence, each packed tower respectively using or be used in combination the cleaning solution of heterogeneity and property.
6. according to claim 1, system for cleaning fume described in 4,5,6, it is characterised in that: be below the packed tower
One liquid cabinet, equipped with aeration array in liquid cabinet；A kind of scheme of the aeration array is using polytetrafluoroethylhollow hollow fiber membrane
Aeration end as aeration array；The top of the packed tower is equipped with a series of spray heads；There is a ultraviolet light below the spray head
The first layer ultraviolet light tubulation of lamp tube array, the quartz burner array is horizontally arranged, between every root canal there are and 10----
The distance of 100mm, next stratose pipe is horizontal, is spaced apart, and direction and upper layer tubulation have an angle of one 10-90 degree, or with
Upper layer tubulation is arranged in parallel, and the distance for the 10----100mm that is staggered in horizontal direction makes lower layer's fluorescent tube be in upper layer fluorescent tube
In neutral gear；There is the distance of 10----100mm between every layer of fluorescent tube, the number of plies of tubulation is 3---50 layers；The quartz burner composition
Array below be a packing layer, packing layer uses spray column conventional fillers；The job order of the packed tower is: from described
The dedirt gas that dust-filtering array made of hollow-fibre membrane and its component is sent is sprayed by aeration array, in liquid cabinet
Absorbing liquid be sufficiently mixed, and react；The gas of spilling is under fan action along described filler layer, quartz burner battle array
Column, spray head, tail gas direction of air outlet move upwards；Absorbing liquid after being aerated in liquid cabinet is promoted to filler tower top by liquid pump
End sprays from spray head, moves downward along spray head, quartz burner array, packing layer, return to liquid cabinet；Cleaning solution passage in transit is purple
Outside line lamp tube array, liquid generate photodestruciton by ultraviolet light direct irradiation directly through the surface of quartz burner, generate big
Free radical is measured, the flue gas close contact of free radical and rising reacts, and cleaning solution continues traveling downwardly, and packing layer is flowed into, with rising
Flue gas come into full contact with, react, returned in liquid cabinet later.
7. according to claim 1, system for cleaning fume described in 4,5, it is characterised in that: the ingredient and property of the cleaning solution
Matter is: water, ammonium hydroxide, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, sulfurous acid, sodium bicarbonate, sodium chlorite, ammonium persulfate, sodium hypochlorite, sodium sulfite, sulphur
The mixing liquid of sour sodium, diethanol amine, methyl diethanolamine or these liquid.
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