CN109224498A - The martian atmosphere pressurization collection device and its method of comprehensive freezing and mechanical compression - Google Patents
The martian atmosphere pressurization collection device and its method of comprehensive freezing and mechanical compression Download PDFInfo
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- CN109224498A CN109224498A CN201811325252.6A CN201811325252A CN109224498A CN 109224498 A CN109224498 A CN 109224498A CN 201811325252 A CN201811325252 A CN 201811325252A CN 109224498 A CN109224498 A CN 109224498A
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- freezing chamber
- martian atmosphere
- carbon dioxide
- tracheae
- valve
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D7/00—Sublimation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D7/00—Sublimation
- B01D7/02—Crystallisation directly from the vapour phase
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- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention is the martian atmosphere pressurization collection device and its method of comprehensive freezing and mechanical compression.The device includes inlet filter (1), air compressor (2), intake valve (3), refrigeration machine (5), freezing chamber (6), blade heat exchanger (4), air outlet valve (7), exhaust valve (8), and each section is connected by tracheae.When into pool period, martian atmosphere is compressed via inlet filter (1) dust filtering by air compressor (2), then is that solid is placed in freezing chamber (6) by carbon freezing by refrigeration machine (5) cooling refrigeration.When into frost free period, with martian atmosphere temperature recovery, carbon dioxide solid distillation is gas, boosts to 0.1Mpa, carbon dioxide gas imput process system in freezing chamber (6).Power demand of the present invention is about 20W, solves the problems, such as that the existing collection technique cooling temperature difference is greatly and required high-power, the martian atmosphere that is more suitable collects task.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to martian atmosphere assembling spheres, are the martian atmosphere pressurization collections of a kind of comprehensive freezing and mechanical compression
Devices and methods therefor.
Background technique
Collection for martian atmosphere, domestic there has been no special technical solutions；External NASA then proposes to utilize X zeolite-
13 physical property absorption carbon dioxide, freezing martian atmosphere collects titanium dioxide tower dry ice, air compressor directly compresses three kinds
Method.
But three kinds of schemes all existing defects: adsorbing carbon dioxide required temperature using X zeolite -13 is 0 to 100 Celsius
Degree, and Mars environment temperature is -70 to -30 degrees Celsius, the temperature difference reaches 170 degrees Celsius, powerful temperature-adjusting device is needed,
It is not suitable as an individual atmosphere collection device；Freezing martian atmosphere collects carbon dioxide dry ice and needs to be cooled to Mars gas
- 123 degrees Celsius of the carbon dioxide de-sublimation temperature of pressure is collected work when Mars temperature is minimum, and most to reduce cooling
50 degrees Celsius of cooling is still needed to when few；Air compressor directly compresses, without separating carbon dioxide from martian atmosphere
Ability, be unfavorable for next carbon dioxide and prepare oxygen, methane task, and power demand reaches 240W, remote super 50W's
Power requirement.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is reduction cooling and reduces power, provides the martian atmosphere increasing of a kind of comprehensive freezing and mechanical compression
Collection device and its method are pressed, following technical scheme is provided:
Carbon dioxide is pressurized collection device in a kind of martian atmosphere, by inlet filter 1, air compressor 2, intake valve 3,
Refrigeration machine 5, freezing chamber 6, blade heat exchanger 4, air outlet valve 7, exhaust valve 8 and tracheae composition；
The inlet filter 1 connects the inlet port of air compressor 2, the gas outlet of air compressor 2 by tracheae
End connects the inlet port of intake valve 3 by tracheae, and the outlet port of intake valve 3 connects the air inlet of freezing chamber 6 by tracheae
It holds, blade heat exchanger 4 is equipped with inside the freezing chamber 6, and the freezing chamber 6 is connected by blade heat exchanger 4
The top of the freezing chamber 6 is arranged in refrigeration machine 5, the refrigeration machine 5；The outlet port of freezing chamber 6 connects outlet by tracheae
The outlet port of the inlet port of valve 7, air outlet valve 7 connects processing system, in the gas outlet for the connection freezing chamber 6 and goes out
Air valve 7 inlet port connection tracheae center position be equipped with vertical tracheae, and by vertical tracheae connect exhaust valve 8 into
Port end.
Preferably, the inlet filter 1 is latticed filtering yarn.
A kind of collection method of comprehensive freezing and the martian atmosphere pressurization collection device of mechanical compression, includes the following steps:
Step 1: when the temperature sensor on detector measures Mars environment temperature lower than -50 to -70 degrees Celsius, into
Enter freeze cycle, intake valve 3 and exhaust valve 8 are opened, and air outlet valve 7 is closed, air compressor 2, blade heat exchanger 4 and refrigeration
Machine 5 is started to work, and martian atmosphere is entered by inlet filter 1, filters the sandy environment in martian atmosphere；
Step 2: the filtered martian atmosphere passes through the inlet port of the connection air compressor 2 of inlet filter 1
Tracheae enters air compressor 2, and air compressor 2 compresses filtered martian atmosphere；
Step 3: the compressed martian atmosphere enters open intake valve by the outlet port of air compressor 2
3, enter freezing chamber 6 by the tracheae that intake valve 3 and freezing chamber 6 connect；
Step 4: the refrigeration machine 5 carries out cooling to the carbon dioxide in compressed martian atmosphere and condenses to vane type
Exchanger 4 is collected into freezing chamber 6 after carbon dioxide is solidified as solid, the carbon dioxide and rare gas Ar that are not collected,
N2It is discharged by open exhaust valve 8；
Step 5: after collecting certain mass drikold in freezing chamber 6, into thawing cycle, intake valve 3, row
Air valve 8 is closed and air outlet valve 7 is opened, and air compressor 2 and refrigeration machine 5 stop working；
Step 6: as Mars environment temperature is replied, temperature is warming up to -100 degrees Celsius in freezing chamber 6, consolidates in freezing chamber 6
Body carbon dioxide sublimes are atmospheric carbon dioxide, until air outlet valve 7 is opened after being pressurized to 0.1Mpa in freezing chamber 6, and the two of high pressure
Carbon oxide gas is by the connection tracheae of the gas outlet of freezing chamber 6 and the inlet port of air outlet valve 7 at via 7 entrance of air outlet valve
Reason system.
Preferably, it is Celsius to be cooled to -100 to -80 to the carbon dioxide in martian atmosphere for refrigeration machine 5 described in step 4
Degree.
Preferably, power needed for the air compressor 2 is 10-14W, and power needed for refrigeration machine 5 is 5W.
The invention has the following advantages:
For the prior art cooling problem that the temperature difference is big and power consumption is big, the required carbon dioxide of the present invention condenses temperature
Degree is -100 to -80 degrees Celsius, and in the identical situation of refrigeration machine power, environment temperature needed for present invention refrigeration is collected is colder than individually
It is about 20 degrees Celsius high to freeze collection, Mars environment temperature needed for the present invention is 20 to 40 degrees Celsius higher than individually freezing, and reduces to fire
The requirement of star environment.Lower temperature meanwhile under identical environment temperature, needed for comprehensive collection scheme also to arrive than individually freezing few 20
40 degrees Celsius, reduce the power demand of refrigeration machine.The drikold quality of collection determines by demand carbon dioxide pressure,
The carbon dioxide pressure needed is higher, and it is more to collect quality.The present invention is allocated optimization to refrigeration machine 5 and air compressor 2,
It is further reduced the power demand of the present apparatus, the present invention also has the ability of carbon dioxide separation.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the martian atmosphere pressurization collection device structure chart of comprehensive freezing and mechanical compression.
Fig. 2 is the solid-liquid phase diagram of carbon dioxide.
In figure: 1- inlet filter, 2- air compressor, 3- intake valve, 4- blade heat exchanger, 5- refrigeration machine, 6-
Freezing chamber, 7- air outlet valve, 8- exhaust valve.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, describe the invention in detail.
Specific embodiment one:
According to Fig. 1, the present invention provides the martian atmosphere pressurization collection device of a kind of comprehensive freezing and mechanical compression, by
Inlet filter 1, air compressor 2, intake valve 3, refrigeration machine 5, freezing chamber 6, blade heat exchanger 4, air outlet valve 7, exhaust
Valve 8 and tracheae composition.
The inlet filter 1 connects the inlet port of air compressor 2, the gas outlet of air compressor 2 by tracheae
End connects the inlet port of intake valve 3 by tracheae, and the outlet port of intake valve 3 connects the air inlet of freezing chamber 6 by tracheae
It holds, blade heat exchanger 4 is equipped with inside the freezing chamber 6, and the freezing chamber 6 is connected by blade heat exchanger 4
The top of the freezing chamber 6 is arranged in refrigeration machine 5, the refrigeration machine 5；The outlet port of freezing chamber 6 connects outlet by tracheae
The outlet port of the inlet port of valve 7, air outlet valve 7 connects processing system, in the gas outlet for the connection freezing chamber 6 and goes out
Air valve 7 inlet port connection tracheae center position be equipped with vertical tracheae, and by vertical tracheae connect exhaust valve 8 into
Port end.Inlet filter 1 is latticed filtering yarn, and it is a kind of vane type metal that blade heat exchanger 4, which is passive device,
Piece.
Specific embodiment two:
According to Fig.2, abscissa is carbon dioxide temperature, ordinate is Carbon dioxide air pressure, in different temperatures, air pressure
The solid-liquid gaseity of carbon dioxide is as shown in Figure 2.Intermediate node is that the line of triangle is A line, is B positioned at A line lower left
Line is C line positioned at A line upper right side.For when the temperature of carbon dioxide, air pressure are located at below B line and C line, carbon dioxide is
Gas；When the temperature of carbon dioxide, air pressure are located between A line and B line, carbon dioxide is solid；When the temperature of carbon dioxide
When degree, air pressure are located between B line and C line, carbon dioxide is liquid.
Under the conditions of Mars, carbon dioxide is gas, by way of the frozen cooling again that pressurizes, carbon dioxide is made to become solid
Body is stored in a sealing container, then stops cooling down, and so that carbon dioxide is become gas again again by environment heating, to obtain high pressure
Carbon dioxide gas.
Based on the above principles, the present invention proposes that a kind of comprehensive freeze is pressurized collection device with the martian atmosphere of mechanical compression
Collection method includes the following steps:
Step 1: when the temperature sensor on detector measures Mars environment temperature lower than -50 to -70 degrees Celsius, into
Enter freeze cycle, intake valve 3 and exhaust valve 8 are opened, and air outlet valve 7 is closed, air compressor 2, blade heat exchanger 4 and refrigeration
Machine 5 is started to work, and martian atmosphere is entered by inlet filter 1, filters the sandy environment in martian atmosphere；
Step 2；Filtered martian atmosphere connects the tracheae of the inlet port of air compressor 2 by inlet filter 1
Into air compressor 2, air compressor 2 compresses filtered martian atmosphere；
Step 3: compressed martian atmosphere enters open intake valve 3 by the outlet port of air compressor 2, warp
It crosses the tracheae that intake valve 3 and freezing chamber 6 connect and enters freezing chamber 6.
Step 4: refrigeration machine 5 carries out cooling to the carbon dioxide in compressed martian atmosphere and condenses to vane type exchange
Device 4 is collected into freezing chamber 6 after carbon dioxide is solidified as solid, the carbon dioxide and rare gas Ar, N not being collected2It is logical
Open exhaust valve 8 is crossed to be discharged.
Step 5: after collecting certain mass drikold in freezing chamber 6, into thawing cycle, intake valve 3, row
Air valve 8 is closed and air outlet valve 7 is opened, and air compressor 2 and refrigeration machine 5 stop working.The drikold quality of collection by
Demand carbon dioxide pressure determines that the carbon dioxide pressure needed is higher, and collection quality is more, can theoretically collect down always
It goes.
Step 6: as Mars environment temperature is replied, temperature is warming up to -100 degrees Celsius in freezing chamber 6, consolidates in freezing chamber 6
Body carbon dioxide sublimes are atmospheric carbon dioxide, until air outlet valve 7 is opened after being pressurized to 0.1Mpa in freezing chamber 6, and the two of high pressure
Carbon oxide gas is by the connection tracheae of the gas outlet of freezing chamber 6 and the inlet port of air outlet valve 7 at via 7 entrance of air outlet valve
Reason system.It according to the purposes of subsequent high-pressure carbon dioxide, is determined by processing system, can generally be pressurized to 0.1Mpa, that is,
100 times of pressurization.
It is collected relative to individual freezing, carbon dioxide adiabatic condensation temperature needed for comprehensive collection device is taken the photograph for -100 to -80
Family name's degree, in the identical situation of refrigeration machine power, environment temperature needed for refrigeration is collected is about 20 degrees Celsius higher than individually, i.e., needed for collection
Mars environment temperature is 20 to 40 degrees Celsius higher than individually freezing, and reduces the requirement to Mars environment.Meanwhile in identical environment temperature
Lower temperature under degree, needed for comprehensive collection scheme also than individually freezing few 20 to 40 degrees Celsius, the power for reducing refrigeration machine needs
It asks.
Relative to individual mechanical collection, same pressure atmosphere is collected, independent mechanical compression needs 240W, and uses synthesis
Collection device, it is only necessary to about 20W, wherein 10 to 14W are used for air compressor 2,5W is used for refrigeration machine 5, meanwhile, air is compressed
The optimization of machine and refrigeration machine power distribution can be further reduced the power demand of comprehensive collection scheme.Moreover, comprehensive collection side
There are also the abilities for separating carbon dioxide for case.
Described above is only the preferred reality of the martian atmosphere pressurization collection device of comprehensive freezing and mechanical compression and its method
Mode is applied, the protection scope of the martian atmosphere pressurization collection device and its method of comprehensive freezing and mechanical compression is not limited merely to
Above-described embodiment, all technical solutions belonged under thinking all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.It should be pointed out that being led for this technology
For the technical staff in domain, several improvements and changes without departing from the principles of the present invention, such modifications and variations are also answered
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. it is a kind of it is comprehensive freezing and mechanical compression martian atmosphere be pressurized collection device, it is characterized in that: by inlet filter (1),
Air compressor (2), intake valve (3), refrigeration machine (5), freezing chamber (6), blade heat exchanger (4), air outlet valve (7), exhaust
Valve (8) and tracheae composition；
Inlet port of the inlet filter (1) by tracheae connection air compressor (2), the outlet of air compressor (2)
Mouth end connects the inlet port of intake valve (3) by tracheae, and the outlet port of intake valve (3) passes through tracheae and connects freezing chamber (6)
Inlet port, be equipped with blade heat exchanger (4) inside the freezing chamber (6), and the freezing chamber (6) passes through vane type
Heat exchanger (4) connects refrigeration machine (5), top of refrigeration machine (5) setting in the freezing chamber (6)；Freezing chamber (6) goes out
Port end connects the inlet port of air outlet valve (7) by tracheae, and the outlet port of air outlet valve (7) connects processing system, is being used for
The tracheae center position that the gas outlet of connection freezing chamber (6) is connected with the inlet port of air outlet valve (7) is equipped with vertical gas
Pipe, and pass through the inlet port of vertical tracheae connection exhaust valve (8).
2. the martian atmosphere of a kind of comprehensive freezing according to claim 1 and mechanical compression is pressurized collection device, feature
Be: the inlet filter (1) is latticed filtering yarn.
3. a kind of collection method of the martian atmosphere pressurization collection device of comprehensive freezing as described in claim 1 and mechanical compression,
It is characterized in that: including the following steps:
Step 1: when the temperature sensor on detector measures Mars environment temperature lower than -50 to -70 degrees Celsius, entrance is cold
Freeze the period, intake valve (3) and exhaust valve (8) are opened, and air outlet valve (7) is closed, air compressor (2), blade heat exchanger (4)
It starts to work with refrigeration machine (5), martian atmosphere is entered by inlet filter (1), filters the sandy environment in martian atmosphere；
Step 2: the filtered martian atmosphere passes through the inlet port of inlet filter (1) connection air compressor (2)
Tracheae enters air compressor (2), and air compressor (2) compresses filtered martian atmosphere；
Step 3: the compressed martian atmosphere enters open intake valve by the outlet port of air compressor (2)
(3), enter freezing chamber (6) by the tracheae that intake valve (3) and freezing chamber (6) connect；
Step 4: the refrigeration machine (5) carries out cooling to the carbon dioxide in compressed martian atmosphere and condenses to vane type friendship
Parallel operation (4) is collected into freezing chamber (6), the carbon dioxide and rare gas not being collected after carbon dioxide is solidified as solid
Ar、N2It is discharged by open exhaust valve (8)；
Step 5: after collecting certain mass drikold in freezing chamber (6), into thawing cycle, intake valve (3), row
Air valve (8) is closed and air outlet valve (7) are opened, and air compressor (2) and refrigeration machine (5) stop working；
Step 6: as Mars environment temperature is replied, freezing chamber (6) interior temperature is warming up to -100 degrees Celsius, consolidates in freezing chamber (6)
Body carbon dioxide sublimes are atmospheric carbon dioxide, until air outlet valve (7) is opened, high pressure after being pressurized to 0.1Mpa in freezing chamber (6)
Carbon dioxide gas by the connection tracheae of the gas outlet of freezing chamber (6) and the inlet port of air outlet valve (7) via outlet
Valve (7) enters processing system.
4. collection method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: refrigeration machine described in step 4 (5) is in martian atmosphere
Carbon dioxide is cooled to -100 to -80 degrees Celsius.
5. collection method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: power needed for the air compressor (2) is 10-14W, system
Power needed for cold (5) is 5W.
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| CN201811325252.6A CN109224498A (en) | 2018-11-08 | 2018-11-08 | The martian atmosphere pressurization collection device and its method of comprehensive freezing and mechanical compression |
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| CN201811325252.6A CN109224498A (en) | 2018-11-08 | 2018-11-08 | The martian atmosphere pressurization collection device and its method of comprehensive freezing and mechanical compression |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115382240A (en) * | 2022-08-25 | 2022-11-25 | 北京航天试验技术研究所 | Mars atmosphere carbon dioxide capture system adopting freezing method and method thereof |
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