CN109221004A - The artificial incubation of iron foot fiber crops broiler chicken and breeding method under high altitude environment - Google Patents
The artificial incubation of iron foot fiber crops broiler chicken and breeding method under high altitude environment Download PDFInfo
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- CN109221004A CN109221004A CN201811264250.0A CN201811264250A CN109221004A CN 109221004 A CN109221004 A CN 109221004A CN 201811264250 A CN201811264250 A CN 201811264250A CN 109221004 A CN109221004 A CN 109221004A
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- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 142
- 210000001161 mammalian embryo Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000013020 embryo development Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000003958 fumigation Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims description 9
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 claims description 9
- 210000003278 egg shell Anatomy 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 244000144987 brood Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000001643 allantois Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019256 formaldehyde Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003760 hair shine Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000021267 infertility disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002685 pulmonary effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 claims 2
- 230000001112 coagulating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 109
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 210000002969 egg yolk Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000474 nursing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 206010002660 Anoxia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 241000976983 Anoxia Species 0.000 description 2
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000007953 anoxia Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000003746 feather Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000008775 paternal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 244000052769 pathogen Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000001717 pathogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000001850 reproductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001465251 Ephedra sinica Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000002193 Pain Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000144992 flock Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008774 maternal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036407 pain Effects 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009394 selective breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K41/00—Incubators for poultry
- A01K41/02—Heating arrangements
- A01K41/023—Devices for regulating temperature
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K41/00—Incubators for poultry
- A01K41/04—Controlling humidity in incubators
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K41/00—Incubators for poultry
- A01K41/06—Egg-turning appliances for incubators
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Housing For Livestock And Birds (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides the artificial incubation of iron foot fiber crops broiler chicken and breeding methods under a kind of high altitude environment, it is related to being specially adapted for the feed for nursing of animal and its production method technical field, by three following for solving the problems, such as: the oxygen content of high altitude localities air is low, with the raising of height above sea level, atmospheric density is lower, affects embryo egg to the utilization rate of oxygen；The transition of high altitude localities carbon dioxide is lost, and leads to not keep a metastable temperature, difference variation is larger, is also unfavorable for hatching of breeding eggs；Embryo egg water content reduces in the hatching process of high altitude localities, the nutriment being unfavorable in embryo's absorption yolk and albumen, influence embryonic development, realization is hatched in 2000 meters of height above sea level or so of area, enter to incubate emergence rate and keep 88% or more substantially, other similar companies' raising 4-5% or more than identical high altitude localities achieve preferable achievement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the feed for nursing for being specially adapted for animal and its production method technical fields, and in particular to a kind
Chicken complete period feed and its production technology.
Background technique
High aititude can produce a very large impact the hatching rate of poultry, especially chicken.It is raw at low altitude area or sea level
The hatching egg for producing and hatching, due to high oxygen content in air, utilization rate is high, in the case where management measure is proper, usual hatching rate
It is able to maintain 90% or more, as height above sea level increases, when reaching 1000 meters of height above sea level or so, the hatching rate of hatching egg is just had obviously
Reduction, in 2000 meters of height above sea level or so of area, compared to the area of sea level or 300 meters of height above sea level or so, under equal conditions,
The hatching rate of hatching egg reduces 10%-30%, main reason is that:
First, the oxygen content of high altitude localities air is low, and with the raising of height above sea level, atmospheric density is lower, affects embryo egg pair
The utilization rate of oxygen；
The second, the transition of high altitude localities carbon dioxide is lost, and leads to not keep a metastable temperature, difference variation
It is larger, also it is unfavorable for hatching of breeding eggs；
Embryo egg water content reduces in third, high altitude localities hatching process, the nutrition being unfavorable in embryo's absorption yolk and albumen
Substance influences embryonic development.
Want the hatching rate of raising high altitude localities hatching egg, it is unobvious only to solve Single-issue effect, it is necessary to comprehensive to solve
Each problem coordinates each influence factor.
Iron foot fiber crops chicken belongs to meat figure poultry, and hen back plumage face mainly has Chinese ephedra, fiber crops palm fibre, the brown three kinds of colors of fiber crops, cock body
Matter is solid, and structure is well-balanced, and cultivation range is mainly distributed on the ground such as Sichuan, Chongqing, Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi, " new wide iron foot fiber crops chicken "
Breed system is cultivated by Foshan City Gaoming District Xin Guang Farming Ltd., which is Di's height introduced with Yunnan Province's kind chicken house
Chicken, the fast long iron foot fiber crops chicken of the civil breeding in Guangxi, the dwarf chicken voluntarily cultivated and the recessive White Rock introduced from Israel
Chicken is breeding material, is taken pains to foster with Quantitative Genetics principle by a large amount of cross experiment by close population family selective breeding
Fast elongated fiber crops plumage chicken breed system out.The breed system is three series mating, the first paternal iron foot fiber crops for the dwarf gene containing sex-kink
Chicken, lays particular emphasis on the breeding of reproductive performance, figure and plumage color, and maternal is Israel's recessiveness White Rock chicken, lay particular emphasis on the speed of growth and
The breeding of reproductive performance, terminal paternal line are fast long sections foot fiber crops chicken, lay particular emphasis on the breeding of the speed of growth, figure and plumage color.Parent
Have hatchable egg rate, fertility rate and hatchability high for breeder, saves 20% or more feed, increase the unit number of animals raised, reduce baby chick
The advantage of 25% or more cost.The commercial broiler flocks speed of growth is fast, feed conversion rate is high, uniformity is good, premunition is strong.Commercial generation
The all numb plumages of chick, green foot.The listing of 63 day age, 98% or more survival rate, cock average weight 2350g, the long 6.5 ~ 6.7cm of shin,
Feather bronzing, green foot；Hen average weight 1950g, the long average 5.9 ~ 6.3cm of shin, numb plumage, green foot, feed conversion rate 2.30:
1, feather is compact shinny, and chest leg flesh is flourishing, and appearance is in rectangle.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides the artificial incubation of iron foot fiber crops broiler chicken and breeding methods under a kind of high altitude environment, solve High aititude
Iron foot fiber crops broiler chicken hatching rate is low under environment and is difficult to the shortcomings that raising.
The present invention uses following technical scheme, the artificial incubation of iron foot fiber crops broiler chicken and cultivation side under a kind of high altitude environment
Method, which comprises the following steps:
One, hatching egg being selected and stores
After selecting hatching egg and being sent to hatching house, carry out selecting examination in time, put clear quantity, it is stringent by it is big head-up, it is small upside down,
Code is as follows in the technical standard on incubation plate, selecting hatching egg:
1. shape, eggshell color and thickness: it is required that concentric reducer is obvious, moderate length, excessive, too small or deformity egg is not chosen as planting
Egg, eggshell color are that brown, white shell egg, husky shell egg or soft-shelled egg and broken egg are not chosen as hatching egg.
2. surface cleanness: eggshell should be clean, cannot pollute excrement, feed and bloodstain.
It wants serious and conscientious when 3. selecting egg, handles with care, avoid damage to hatching egg and cause damages.
4. after hatching egg select, fumigation should be carried out immediately.
Two, the preparation before hatching
1. the inspection of hatch machine: hatch machine will check whether hatch machine work is normal before every a batch enters and incubates, including check
Epidemic disaster control system, egg-turning system, the revolving speed of big fan and direction etc.；After functional check, temperature is scheduled on 38 DEG C,
For humidity set to 60%, air door is opened to " 1 " shelves, it is allowed to heat up, it is 3-4 hour general in up to required temperature, observation control cabinet face
Whether the temperature and door table thermometer instruction degree on plate are consistent, if poor 0.2 degree or more should be corrected.
2. hatching egg preheats: by the egg vehicle for filling hatching egg be first placed in 23 DEG C or so indoor environment or hatch machine in carry out it is pre-
Heat opens hatching gate when preheating in hatch machine, and not be switched on heating；Winter will preheat 4 hours or so, and summer will preheat
2 hours or so；It is noted that ambient humidity, avoids condensate moisture in surrounding air from preventing in egg surface formation " perspiration " when preheating
Pathogen enters inside egg, if there is hatching egg " perspiration ", opens hatching gate, and be switched on and it is allowed to operate two hours or so, makes
Big fan by egg moisture dry up, then carry out disinfection or enter normal incubation program.
Three, into hatching state:
By test-run a machine normal operation, control is wet correct, can enter to incubate according to plan.
Four, the management during hatching
1. the hatching grasp of temperature:
The actual temperature of hatch machine increases and decreases difference with actual field temperature average value and determines: when actual field temperature is less than 20 DEG C, from incubating
Change the 1st day to the 18th day, the temperature of hatch machine is gradually down to 37.4 DEG C from 38.1 DEG C, by the entire incubation period according to 1~2 day, 3
It is divided into five each stages within~6 days, 7~12 days, 13~15 days, 16~18 days, the temperature in each stage is constant, first three rank
The temperature difference of section adjacent phases is 0.1 DEG C, and the 3rd stage to the 4th stage temperature difference is 0.3 DEG C, and the temperature difference in the 4th stage to the 5th stage is
0.2℃；
When actual field temperature is 20 DEG C~27 DEG C, from hatching the 1st day to the 18th day, the temperature of hatch machine was gradually down to from 38.0 DEG C
37.3 DEG C, the entire incubation period is divided into five each ranks according to 1~2 day, 3~6 days, 7~12 days, 13~15 days, 16~18 days
Section, the temperature in each stage be it is constant, the temperature difference of preceding three phases adjacent phases is 0.1 DEG C, the 3rd stage to the 4th stage temperature
Difference is 0.8 DEG C, and the temperature difference in the 4th stage to the 5th stage is 0.3 DEG C；
When actual field temperature is greater than 27 DEG C, from hatching the 1st day to the 18th day, the temperature of hatch machine was gradually down to 37.3 from 37.9 DEG C
DEG C, the entire incubation period is divided into five each stages according to 1~2 day, 3~6 days, 7~12 days, 13~15 days, 16~18 days, each
The temperature in stage be it is constant, the temperature difference of preceding three phases adjacent phases is 0.1 DEG C, and the 3rd stage to the 4th stage temperature difference is 0.2
DEG C, the temperature difference in the 4th stage to the 5th stage is 0.2 DEG C；
The temperature of hatching phase is controlled at 36.8~37.2 DEG C.
2. hatching the grasp of humidity: error must not exceed 10% to humidity within the allowable range, according to indoor humidity to incubating
The humidity of change machine adjusts accordingly:
When humidity is greater than 80% indoors, from hatching the 1st day to the 18th day, it is divided into according to 1~6 day, 6~12 days, 112~18 days
Three each stages, the temperature in each stage are constant, first stage 60%, second stage 57%, phase III 60%；
The humidity of brood time is 60~62%；
When humidity is 70% -80% indoors, from hatching the 1st day to the 18th day, according to 1~6 day, 6~12 days, 112~18 days
It is divided into three each stages, the temperature in each stage is constant, the first stage 63%, second stage 58%, and the phase III is
63%；The humidity of brood time is 63%；
When humidity is less than 70% indoors, from hatching the 1st day to the 18th day, it is divided into according to 1~6 day, 6~12 days, 112~18 days
Three each stages, the temperature in each stage are constant, first stage 65%, second stage 60%, phase III 65%；
The humidity of brood time is 66%.
3. the grasp of ventilation quantity:
A, when room temperature is lower than 18 DEG C, after incubating a full embryo age, ventilation quantity 200m3/h；
B, when room temperature is higher than 18 DEG C, constant temperature rear venting amount is 200m3/h；
C, it is 600m3/h that six embryo ages, which expired rear venting amount,；Ten embryo ages and hatching rear venting amount are 1000m3/h；
4. the grasp of egg-turning:
In addition to according to egg or rule, during incubation, it is primary to enter the every 2 hours egg-turnings of incubation, stops egg-turning when hatching for 17 embryo age；
5. according to egg:
A, according to the egg time: being carried out according to the egg time the 7th day after entering to incubate, be to remove blood egg and infertile egg according to egg purpose；
B, tune disk when according to egg is shunt: the position of incubator tray and egg vehicle in hatch machine can be exchanged one using the chance according to egg
Under, heated uniformity is further increased with benefit, baby chick is made to go out more to concentrate neatly；
Specific steps are as follows: incubator tray position is exchanged using diagonal line on an egg vehicle, i.e. the egg that shines of front upper place is put into the back lower place, after
Lower section is put into front upper place, and two egg vehicles of corresponding position respectively swap round after according to egg；
C, egg is shone in selective examination daily, checks embryonic development: in hatching whole process should every night every case take out and shine 4~6 pieces
Egg is seen whether embryonic development is normal, is compareed with embryonic development figure, so that it is determined that later applies whether temperature will be adjusted；Development
Can slightly 0.1~0.2 DEG C of degree of cooling when too fast, it holds time 1 day to 2 days, when hypoevolutism can be improved 0.1~0.2 DEG C of temperature, dimension
It holds the time 1 day to 2 days, embryonic development is made to be in normal condition；
6. rule
A, the time of rule: hatching was that chicken embryo is breathed the period for switching to pulmonary respiration by allantois by the 18th day, was the third of chicken development
A peak mortality phase, at this moment egg be not vibrated；The hatching vehicle in hatch machine to be in a horizontal position at the 17th day,
Stop egg-turning, after incubating at 18 days completely, into 19 days hatching day rules.
B, the method for rule: rule exactly proceeds to egg on chick box from incubation plate, holds incubation plate, to chick box
Bottom contacted with egg after, buttress chick box and lightly turn, fall into egg in chick box, incubation plate is further taken out, after adjustment
All hatching eggs are made to be in laid-flat status；
7. the management of hatching phase:
A, the temperature, humidity and damper positions of young-generating machine:
Temperature in young-generating machine is set as 36.8~37.2 DEG C, and humidity is 60~63%RH；
Air door: can be divulged information when rigid rule with small air door, ventilation quantity 200m3/h；Etc. after temperature to set temperature, using big air door
Ventilation, ventilation quantity 1000m3/h；
Since Yunnan is located in high altitude anoxia, hatchery must install changes in temperature central air-conditioning, and hatching the Room and the hatching Room will strictly close, and protect
It is constant at 24-26 DEG C to hold positive pressure 3-6 pa, temperature in the Room.
Hatch early period, i.e. the temperature of 1~6 age in days has to reach setting value, allows higher 0.05~0.1 DEG C；In hatching
Phase, the i.e. temperature of 7~13 ages in days are steady；Hatch the later period, i.e. 14~18 ages in days will prevent overtemperature.
The push-in of egg vehicle must be carried out in horizontal position when pulling out.
Fumigation operation avoids after hatching starts during 24 hours~96 hours and chick is pecking during hatching
It is carried out in section during shell process is practised singing.
It is described select hatching egg before washed one's hands with detergent, hatching egg disinfection carries out fumigation disinfection with methanal plus potassium permanganate fumigating, kind
Egg collect after be allowed for access after twenty minutes through fumigation egg library storage or hatch machine hatched, hatching egg should collect after two hours
Interior carry out fumigation.
Hatch machine carries out cleaning and sterilizing after use, after hatching egg rule, cleans bottom dirt immediately, is then wiped with detergent
It wipes, is rinsed inside machine with water pipe, clean humidification sink, impeller；Temperature and humidity probe is wrapped with plastic cloth rinsing money, with
Exempt from water to be splashed into probe, egg vehicle, incubator tray are rinsed well in washroom, then is pushed into hatch machine, opens hatching electromechanical source, air door
Big shelves are reached, are allowed in machine after moisture evaporation is dry, then with 1000 milliliters of formalin, 1000 milliliters of water, 500 grams of potassium permanganate smoke
Disinfection 30 minutes is steamed, after outside medicine mist discharge machine, shutdown is stand-by.
Young-generating machine carries out cleaning and sterilizing after use, and chick box is first drenched immersion after hatching, is then rushed with giant
Completely, young-generating machine is wiped with detergent, is rinsed inside machine with water pipe and humidification water wheel is taken off, and is rinsed well, is carried out later
Sunshine, with 1000 milliliters of formalin, 1000 milliliters of water, medicine mist is discharged in 500 grams of potassium permanganate, is shut down spare.
Beneficial effects of the present invention
It is operated in strict accordance with technique of the present invention, is hatched in 2000 meters of height above sea level or so of area, enter to incubate emergence rate
Basic to keep 88% or more, other similar companies' raising 4-5% or more than identical high altitude localities achieve preferable achievement.
Hatch index contrast table
| Index | It is operated according to the method for the present invention | Other similar companies | Comparing result |
| Enter to incubate emergence rate | 88.29% | 83.4% | 4.89% |
| Enter to incubate embryo rate living | 93.92 | 87% | 6.92% |
| Enter incubation and is good for seedling hatching rate | 88.04% | 82.71 | 5.33% |
Specific embodiment
It is operated according to our company's actual production process, 2000 meters or so of company's location height above sea level, according to conventional incubation
Method, hatching rate indices are lower, and after the method for the invention, indices are obviously improved.
The artificial incubation of iron foot fiber crops broiler chicken and breeding method under high altitude environment, comprising the following steps:
One, hatching egg being selected and stores
After selecting hatching egg and being sent to hatching house, carry out selecting examination in time, put clear quantity, it is stringent by it is big head-up, it is small upside down,
Code is as follows in the technical standard on incubation plate, selecting hatching egg:
1. shape, eggshell color and thickness: it is required that concentric reducer is obvious, moderate length, excessive, too small or deformity egg is not chosen as planting
Egg, eggshell color are that brown, white shell egg, husky shell egg or soft-shelled egg and broken egg are not chosen as hatching egg.
2. surface cleanness: eggshell should be clean, cannot pollute excrement, feed and bloodstain.
It wants serious and conscientious when 3. selecting egg, handles with care, avoid damage to hatching egg and cause damages.
4. after hatching egg select, fumigation should be carried out immediately.
Two, the preparation before hatching
1. the inspection of hatch machine: hatch machine will check whether hatch machine work is normal before every a batch enters and incubates, including check
Epidemic disaster control system, egg-turning system, the revolving speed of big fan and direction etc.；After functional check, temperature is scheduled on 38 DEG C,
For humidity set to 60%, air door is opened to " 1 " shelves, it is allowed to heat up, it is 3-4 hour general in up to required temperature, observation control cabinet face
Whether the temperature and door table thermometer instruction degree on plate are consistent, if poor 0.2 degree or more should be corrected.
2. hatching egg preheats: by the egg vehicle for filling hatching egg be first placed in 23 DEG C or so indoor environment or hatch machine in carry out it is pre-
Heat opens hatching gate when preheating in hatch machine, and not be switched on heating；Winter will preheat 4 hours or so, and summer will preheat
2 hours or so；It is noted that ambient humidity, avoids condensate moisture in surrounding air from preventing in egg surface formation " perspiration " when preheating
Pathogen enters inside egg, if there is hatching egg " perspiration ", opens hatching gate, and be switched on and it is allowed to operate two hours or so, makes
Big fan by egg moisture dry up, then carry out disinfection or enter normal incubation program.
Three, into hatching state:
By test-run a machine normal operation, control is wet correct, can enter to incubate according to plan.
Four, the management during hatching
1. the hatching grasp of temperature:
The actual temperature of hatch machine increases (subtracting) difference with actual field temperature average value to determine, applying warm scheme substantially see the table below:
Illustrate: a, above-mentioned temperature are the thermometer temperature in hatch machine, and the temperature digital display on control cabinet will adjust consistent with its.
B, it is listed apply warm scheme be basic scheme can be adjusted according to different seasons because of the variation of environmental condition,
Adjustment principle is to guarantee that the hatching peak period time of hatching meets the law of development of chicken embryo, applies Wen Fang to find out the best of hatching
Case.
2. hatching the grasp of humidity: error must not exceed 10% to humidity within the allowable range, hatch machine substantially with wet
Scheme following table:
Illustrate: humidity is relative humidity in table.
3. the grasp of ventilation quantity:
A, when room temperature is lower than 18 DEG C, after incubating a full embryo age, ventilation quantity 200m3/h；
B, when room temperature is higher than 18 DEG C, constant temperature rear venting amount is 200m3/h；
C, it is 600m3/h that six embryo ages, which expired rear venting amount,；Ten embryo ages and hatching rear venting amount are 1000m3/h；
4. the grasp of egg-turning:
In addition to according to egg or rule, during incubation, it is primary to enter the every 2 hours egg-turnings of incubation, stops egg-turning when hatching for 17 embryo age；
5. according to egg:
A, according to the egg time: being carried out according to the egg time the 7th day after entering to incubate, be to remove blood egg and infertile egg according to egg purpose；
B, tune disk when according to egg is shunt: the position of incubator tray and egg vehicle in hatch machine can be exchanged one using the chance according to egg
Under, heated uniformity is further increased with benefit, baby chick is made to go out more to concentrate neatly；
Specific steps are as follows: incubator tray position is exchanged using diagonal line on an egg vehicle, i.e. the egg that shines of front upper place is put into the back lower place, after
Lower section is put into front upper place, and two egg vehicles of corresponding position respectively swap round after according to egg；
C, egg is shone in selective examination daily, checks embryonic development: in hatching whole process should every night every case take out and shine 4~6 pieces
Egg is seen whether embryonic development is normal, is compareed with embryonic development figure, so that it is determined that later applies whether temperature will be adjusted；Development
Can slightly 0.1~0.2 DEG C of degree of cooling when too fast, it holds time 1 day to 2 days, when hypoevolutism can be improved 0.1~0.2 DEG C of temperature, dimension
It holds the time 1 day to 2 days, embryonic development is made to be in normal condition；
6. rule
A, the time of rule: hatching was that chicken embryo is breathed the period for switching to pulmonary respiration by allantois by the 18th day, was the third of chicken development
A peak mortality phase, at this moment egg be not vibrated；The hatching vehicle in hatch machine to be in a horizontal position at the 17th day,
Stop egg-turning, after incubating at 18 days completely, into 19 days hatching day rules.
B, the method for rule: rule exactly proceeds to egg on chick box from incubation plate, holds incubation plate, to chick box
Bottom contacted with egg after, buttress chick box and lightly turn, fall into egg in chick box, incubation plate is further taken out, after adjustment
All hatching eggs are made to be in laid-flat status；
7. the management of hatching phase:
A, the temperature, humidity and damper positions of young-generating machine:
Temperature in young-generating machine is set as 36.8~37.2 DEG C, and humidity is 60~63%RH；
Air door: can be divulged information when rigid rule with small air door, ventilation quantity 200m3/h；Etc. after temperature to set temperature, using big air door
Ventilation, ventilation quantity 1000m3/h.
Points for attention:
1, since Yunnan is located in high altitude anoxia, hatching the Room and the hatching Room will strictly be closed, and keep positive pressure 3-6 pa in the Room, and temperature is permanent
It is scheduled on 24-26 DEG C.
2, hatch early period, i.e. the temperature of 1~6 age in days has to reach setting value, allows higher 0.05~0.1 DEG C；Hatching
Mid-term, the i.e. temperature of 7~13 ages in days are steady；Hatch the later period, i.e. 14~18 ages in days will prevent overtemperature.
3, it must be carried out in horizontal position when the push-in of egg vehicle, pull-out.
4, fumigation operation avoids after hatching starts during 24 hours~96 hours and chick is being during hatching
Peck and is carried out in section during shell process is practised singing.
5, it is described select hatching egg before washed one's hands with detergent, hatching egg disinfection carries out fumigation disinfection with methanal plus potassium permanganate fumigating,
Hatching egg is allowed for access the storage of egg library after twenty minutes through fumigation after collecting or hatch machine is hatched, and hatching egg is two small after should collecting
When interior carry out fumigation.
6, hatch machine carries out cleaning and sterilizing after use, after hatching egg rule, cleans bottom dirt immediately, then uses detergent
Wiping is rinsed inside machine with water pipe, cleans humidification sink, impeller；Temperature and humidity probe is wrapped with plastic cloth rinsing money,
In order to avoid water is splashed into probe, egg vehicle, incubator tray are rinsed well, then is pushed into hatch machine in washroom, opens hatching electromechanical source, wind
Door reaches big shelves, allows in machine after moisture evaporation is dry, then with 1000 milliliters of formalin, 1000 milliliters of water, 500 grams of potassium permanganate,
Fumigation sterilizes 30 minutes, and after outside medicine mist discharge machine, shutdown is stand-by.
7, young-generating machine carries out cleaning and sterilizing after use, and chick box is first drenched immersion after hatching, then uses giant
Rinse, young-generating machine is wiped with detergent, is rinsed inside machine with water pipe and humidification water wheel taken off, rinse well, it is laggard
Row sunshine, with 1000 milliliters of formalin, 1000 milliliters of water, medicine mist is discharged in 500 grams of potassium permanganate, is shut down spare.
Claims (8)
1. the artificial incubation of iron foot fiber crops broiler chicken and breeding method under high altitude environment, which comprises the following steps:
One, hatching egg being selected and stores
After selecting hatching egg and being sent to hatching house, carry out selecting examination in time, put clear quantity, it is stringent by it is big head-up, it is small upside down,
Code is as follows in the technical standard on incubation plate, selecting hatching egg:
1. shape, eggshell color and thickness: it is required that concentric reducer is obvious, moderate length, excessive, too small or deformity egg is not chosen as planting
Egg, eggshell color are that brown, white shell egg, husky shell egg or soft-shelled egg and broken egg are not chosen as hatching egg；
2. surface cleanness: eggshell should be clean, cannot pollute excrement, feed and bloodstain；
It wants serious and conscientious when 3. selecting egg, handles with care, avoid damage to hatching egg and cause damages；
4. after hatching egg select, fumigation should be carried out immediately；
Two, the preparation before hatching
1. the inspection of hatch machine: hatch machine will check whether hatch machine work is normal before every a batch enters and incubates, including check
Epidemic disaster control system, egg-turning system, the revolving speed of big fan and direction etc.；After functional check, temperature is scheduled on 38 DEG C,
For humidity set to 60%, air door is opened to " 1 " shelves, it is allowed to heat up, it is 3-4 hour general in up to required temperature, observation control cabinet face
Whether the temperature and door table thermometer instruction degree on plate are consistent, if poor 0.2 degree or more should be corrected；
2. hatching egg preheat: by the egg vehicle for filling hatching egg be first placed in 23 DEG C or so indoor environment or hatch machine in preheat,
Hatching gate is opened when being preheated in hatch machine, not be switched on heating；Winter will preheat 4 hours or so, and summer will preheat 2 hours
Left and right；It is noted that ambient humidity, avoids condensate moisture in surrounding air from coagulating on egg surface if there is hatching egg surface moisture when preheating
Knot then opens hatching gate, and is switched on and it is allowed to operate two hours or so, dries up big fan by the moisture on egg, then disappear
Poison enters normal incubation program；
Three, into hatching state
By test-run a machine normal operation, control is wet correct, can enter to incubate according to plan；
Four, the management during hatching
1. the hatching grasp of temperature:
The actual temperature of hatch machine increases and decreases difference with actual field temperature average value and determines: when actual field temperature is less than 20 DEG C, from incubating
Change the 1st day to the 18th day, the temperature of hatch machine is gradually down to 37.4 DEG C from 38.1 DEG C, by the entire incubation period according to 1~2 day, 3
It is divided into five each stages within~6 days, 7~12 days, 13~15 days, 16~18 days, the temperature in each stage is constant, first three rank
The temperature difference of section adjacent phases is 0.1 DEG C, and the 3rd stage to the 4th stage temperature difference is 0.3 DEG C, and the temperature difference in the 4th stage to the 5th stage is
0.2℃；
When actual field temperature is 20 DEG C~27 DEG C, from hatching the 1st day to the 18th day, the temperature of hatch machine was gradually down to from 38.0 DEG C
37.3 DEG C, the entire incubation period is divided into five each ranks according to 1~2 day, 3~6 days, 7~12 days, 13~15 days, 16~18 days
Section, the temperature in each stage be it is constant, the temperature difference of preceding three phases adjacent phases is 0.1 DEG C, the 3rd stage to the 4th stage temperature
Difference is 0.8 DEG C, and the temperature difference in the 4th stage to the 5th stage is 0.3 DEG C；
When actual field temperature is greater than 27 DEG C, from hatching the 1st day to the 18th day, the temperature of hatch machine was gradually down to 37.3 from 37.9 DEG C
DEG C, the entire incubation period is divided into five each stages according to 1~2 day, 3~6 days, 7~12 days, 13~15 days, 16~18 days, each
The temperature in stage be it is constant, the temperature difference of preceding three phases adjacent phases is 0.1 DEG C, and the 3rd stage to the 4th stage temperature difference is 0.2
DEG C, the temperature difference in the 4th stage to the 5th stage is 0.2 DEG C；
The temperature of hatching phase is controlled at 36.8~37.2 DEG C；
2. hatching the grasp of humidity: error must not exceed 10% to humidity within the allowable range, according to indoor humidity to hatch machine
Humidity adjust accordingly:
When humidity is greater than 80% indoors, from hatching the 1st day to the 18th day, it is divided into according to 1~6 day, 6~12 days, 112~18 days
Three each stages, the temperature in each stage are constant, first stage 60%, second stage 57%, phase III 60%；
The humidity of brood time is 60~62%；
When humidity is 70% -80% indoors, from hatching the 1st day to the 18th day, according to 1~6 day, 6~12 days, 112~18 days
It is divided into three each stages, the temperature in each stage is constant, the first stage 63%, second stage 58%, and the phase III is
63%；The humidity of brood time is 63%；
When humidity is less than 70% indoors, from hatching the 1st day to the 18th day, it is divided into according to 1~6 day, 6~12 days, 112~18 days
Three each stages, the temperature in each stage are constant, first stage 65%, second stage 60%, phase III 65%；
The humidity of brood time is 66%；
3. the grasp of ventilation quantity:
A, when room temperature is lower than 18 DEG C, after incubating a full embryo age, ventilation quantity 200m3/h；
B, when room temperature is higher than 18 DEG C, constant temperature rear venting amount is 200m3/h；
C, it is 600m3/h that six embryo ages, which expired rear venting amount,；Ten embryo ages and hatching rear venting amount are 1000m3/h；
4. the grasp of egg-turning:
In addition to according to egg or rule, during incubation, it is primary to enter the every 2 hours egg-turnings of incubation, stops egg-turning when hatching for 17 embryo age；
5. according to egg:
A, according to the egg time: being carried out according to the egg time the 7th day after entering to incubate, be to remove blood egg and infertile egg according to egg purpose；
B, tune disk when according to egg is shunt: the position of incubator tray and egg vehicle in hatch machine can be exchanged one using the chance according to egg
Under, heated uniformity is further increased with benefit, baby chick is made to go out more to concentrate neatly；
Specific steps are as follows: incubator tray position is exchanged using diagonal line on an egg vehicle, i.e. the egg that shines of front upper place is put into the back lower place, after
Lower section is put into front upper place, and two egg vehicles of corresponding position respectively swap round after according to egg；
C, egg is shone in selective examination daily, checks embryonic development: in hatching whole process should every night every case take out and shine 4~6 pieces
Egg is seen whether embryonic development is normal, is compareed with embryonic development figure, so that it is determined that later applies whether temperature will be adjusted；Development
Can slightly 0.1~0.2 DEG C of degree of cooling when too fast, it holds time 1 day to 2 days, when hypoevolutism can be improved 0.1~0.2 DEG C of temperature, dimension
It holds the time 1 day to 2 days, embryonic development is made to be in normal condition；
6. rule
A, the time of rule: hatching was that chicken embryo is breathed the period for switching to pulmonary respiration by allantois by the 18th day, was the third of chicken development
A peak mortality phase, at this moment egg be not vibrated；The hatching vehicle in hatch machine to be in a horizontal position at the 17th day,
Stop egg-turning, after incubating at 18 days completely, into 19 days hatching day rules；
B, the method for rule: rule exactly proceeds to egg on chick box from incubation plate, holds incubation plate, the bottom to chick box
It after being contacted with egg, buttresses chick box and lightly turns, fall into egg in chick box, further take out incubation plate, institute is made after adjustment
There is hatching egg to be in laid-flat status；
7. the management of hatching phase:
A, the temperature, humidity and damper positions of young-generating machine:
Temperature in young-generating machine is set as 36.8~37.2 DEG C, and humidity is 60~63%RH；
Air door: can be divulged information when rigid rule with small air door, ventilation quantity 200m3/h；Etc. after temperature to set temperature, using big air door
Ventilation, ventilation quantity 1000m3/h.
2. the artificial incubation of iron foot fiber crops broiler chicken and breeding method, feature exist under high altitude environment according to claim 1
In the place of hatching and hatching will strictly be closed, and indoor positive pressure 3-6 pa is kept, and temperature is constant at 24-26 DEG C.
3. the artificial incubation of iron foot fiber crops broiler chicken and breeding method, feature exist under high altitude environment according to claim 1
In hatching early period, i.e. the temperature of 1~6 age in days ensures setting value to be reached, and allows higher 0.05~0.1 DEG C；Hatching mid-term, i.e., 7
The temperature of~13 ages in days is steady；Hatch the later period, i.e. 14~18 ages in days will prevent overtemperature.
4. the artificial incubation of iron foot fiber crops broiler chicken and breeding method, feature exist under high altitude environment according to claim 1
In, egg vehicle push-in, pull out when must be carried out in horizontal position.
5. the artificial incubation of iron foot fiber crops broiler chicken and breeding method, feature exist under high altitude environment according to claim 1
In fumigation operation avoids after hatching starts during 24 hours~96 hours and chick is pecking shell mistake during hatching
It is carried out in section during journey.
6. the artificial incubation of iron foot fiber crops broiler chicken and breeding method, feature exist under high altitude environment according to claim 1
In the hatching egg disinfection carries out fumigation disinfection with methanal plus potassium permanganate fumigating, and hatching egg after twenty minutes can after collecting through fumigation
Hatched into the storage of egg library or hatch machine, hatching egg carries out fumigation in two hours after should collecting.
7. the artificial incubation of iron foot fiber crops broiler chicken and breeding method, feature exist under high altitude environment according to claim 1
Cleaning and sterilizing is carried out after use in, hatch machine, after hatching egg rule, is cleaned bottom dirt immediately, is then wiped with detergent, used
Water pipe rinses inside machine, cleans humidification sink, impeller；Temperature and humidity probe, Yi Mianshui are wrapped with plastic cloth rinsing money
It is splashed into probe, egg vehicle, incubator tray is rinsed well in washroom, then is pushed into hatch machine, open hatching electromechanical source, air door reaches
Big shelves allow in machine after moisture evaporation is dry, then with 1000 milliliters of formalin, 1000 milliliters of water, 500 grams of potassium permanganate, and fumigation disappears
Poison 30 minutes, after outside medicine mist discharge machine, shutdown is stand-by.
8. the artificial incubation of iron foot fiber crops broiler chicken and breeding method, feature exist under high altitude environment according to claim 1
In, young-generating machine carries out cleaning and sterilizing after use, and chick box is first drenched into immersion after hatching, is then rinsed with giant,
Young-generating machine is wiped with detergent, is rinsed inside machine with water pipe and humidification water wheel is taken off, and is rinsed well, is carried out sunshine later,
With 1000 milliliters of formalin, 1000 milliliters of water, medicine mist is discharged in 500 grams of potassium permanganate, is shut down spare.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109673584A (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-04-26 | 内蒙古塞飞亚农业科技发展股份有限公司 | A method of hatching rate is extended shelf life and improved suitable for northern birds hatching egg |
| IT202100025817A1 (en) * | 2021-10-08 | 2023-04-08 | Chick Farm Europe Soc Agricola A R L | METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF EMBRYONATED EGGS FOR PHARMACEUTICAL USE |
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2018
- 2018-10-29 CN CN201811264250.0A patent/CN109221004A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109673584A (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-04-26 | 内蒙古塞飞亚农业科技发展股份有限公司 | A method of hatching rate is extended shelf life and improved suitable for northern birds hatching egg |
| IT202100025817A1 (en) * | 2021-10-08 | 2023-04-08 | Chick Farm Europe Soc Agricola A R L | METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF EMBRYONATED EGGS FOR PHARMACEUTICAL USE |
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