CN1092159A - The electronic fine-grained disposal route and the circuit thereof of grating signal in angle or the linear measure longimetry - Google Patents
The electronic fine-grained disposal route and the circuit thereof of grating signal in angle or the linear measure longimetry Download PDFInfo
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- CN1092159A CN1092159A CN 93115141 CN93115141A CN1092159A CN 1092159 A CN1092159 A CN 1092159A CN 93115141 CN93115141 CN 93115141 CN 93115141 A CN93115141 A CN 93115141A CN 1092159 A CN1092159 A CN 1092159A
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Abstract
The grating signal that the present invention relates in a kind of angle or the linear measure longimetry CD be formed is carried out electronic fine-grained method and circuit thereof, it gives the analog to digital converter conversion with the Moire fringe electric signal of photoelectricity receiving converter output, the digital signal that obtains is sent into computing machine and is carried out tangent function transformation and arctan function conversion, and the angle value that obtains like this is the round grating that will measure or the grating angle value of long grating present position.
Description
The grating signal that the present invention relates in a kind of angle or the linear measure longimetry CD be formed is carried out electronic fine-grained method and circuit thereof.
Angular metric or straight line amount can be accurately determined in requirement in a lot of engineering technology problems, method commonly used is to carry out meticulous delineation (being called grating) on a reference point, grid angle or pitch by grating are measured, if directly with the grid angle of grating and pitch as instrumentation unit, improve measuring accuracy and just mean highdensity grid line delineation, can solve the technical difficulty of high density delineation with the way that enlarges the code-disc area for the garden grating of measurement of angle, for linear measure longimetry, the quantity that can only increase the interior groove of unit dimension of long grating chi realizes, but the enlarged-area and the density that increases often are subjected to the restriction of engineering requirement and technical physical possibility, all are inappropriate for a lot of use occasions.Therefore the way that adopts usually is to segment under the prerequisite of certain grating grid angle and pitch.Straight-line displacement amount L in the general linear measure longimetry and the angle displacement amount θ in the measurement of angle are made of L=(N+ △ N two parts) * ω
L, θ=(N+ △ N) * ω
6, wherein N is an integer, △ N serves as reasons and segments the decimal of determining, N * ω
LAnd N * ω
6Be whole pitch and whole grid angle, they generally can be decided at an easy rate by direct reading method, and so-called segmentation is exactly to the △ N * ω among straight-line displacement amount L and the angle displacement amount θ
LWith △ N * ω
6Carry out the method for evaluation computing.Existing segmentation is divided into mechanical type, electronic type and the electromechanics mode etc. that combines, and electronic fine-grained be problem relatively active in this field, along with science and technology development, constantly have new divided method to occur, thereby with littler volume, simpler technology realizes high-precision measurement.Electronic fine-grained method commonly used has direct close classification, resistance chain phase shift close classification, and carrier modulation is surveyed phase close classification etc., and directly the close classification circuit is simple, and is not strict to semaphore request, uses more extensively, but it is less to segment number, is generally 2,4 or 8.Resistance chain phase shift close classification is with resistance chain cosine and sine signal to be carried out phase shift, realize segmentation by comparator circuit again, the method principle is simple, obtain easily, segmenting number in principle can do very highly, but circuit will increase and increase exponentially along with the segmentation number, therefore segment number and be unfit to do too greatly, and because the zero point drift that temperature produces is also bigger to the subdivision accuracy influence.It is that grating signal is modulated and made up that carrier modulation is surveyed the phase close classification, need survey amount of space and be converted into phase mass, segment with the way of measure phase difference, this way segmentation number can be done very greatly, but the requirement to the waveform orthogonality is relatively stricter, the circuit more complicated.
Purpose of the present invention is exactly in order to address the above problem, and it is simple to propose a kind of circuit, can try to achieve the electronic fine-grained disposal route and the circuit thereof of grating signal in the angle of maximum segmentation ability or the linear measure longimetry under specific raster density condition.
Technical solution of the present invention:
The electronic fine-grained disposal route of grating signal in a kind of angle or the linear measure longimetry, light source G is through dynamically garden grating A or long grating B and indication grating C thereof (are grating signal by the moire frange signal that photoelectricity receiving converter D receives, it has comprised sine value sin α and the cosine value cos α of garden grating or long grating grating of living in angle α, α=△ N * 2 π wherein, the △ N decimal that segmentation is determined of serving as reasons) converting electric signal to sends into sub-circuit, the Moire fringe electric signal that it is characterized in that photoelectricity receiving converter D output is given modulus converter A/D and is carried out analog to digital conversion, the digital signal that obtains is sent into computing machine and is carried out tangent function transformation earlier, the tan value tg α that obtains carries out the arctan function conversion again, and the α value that obtains like this is the garden grating that will measure or the grating angle value of long grating present position.
The electronic sub-circuit of grating signal in a kind of angle or the linear measure longimetry, it is characterized in that it is made up of sinusoidal-shaped circuit Z, cosine shaping circuit Y, modulus converter A/D, microcomputer CPU, the input of sinusoidal-shaped circuit Z and cosine shaping circuit Y is connected with the cosine component signal output part with the sinusoidal component signal output part of photoelectricity receiving converter D respectively, the corresponding connection of two input ends of their output and modulus converter A/D, the output of A/D is connected with microcomputer CPU, and the output of CPU is sent desired angle signal by IO interface I/O.
The present invention adopts tangent function transformation and arctan function conversion to try to achieve grating angle value, its segmentation number can be done very highly, it only need select for use not the analog to digital converter of isotopic number to realize, and circuit remains unchanged, can not become complicated and be difficult to adjust, overcome simultaneously because temperature variation must make output signal amplitude to the very responsive photoelectric device of temperature change the influence of subdivision accuracy because of the increase of segmentation number.The inventive method and circuit are all simple and practical, and cost is low, and the precision height, good reliability.
Fig. 1 is a measurement of angle theory diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a linear measure longimetry theory diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a sub-circuit electrical schematic diagram of the present invention.
Among Fig. 1,2, light source G can adopt luminotron, and indication grating C is the slit indication grating, and opto-electronic conversion receiver D can adopt photosensitive tube.The sub-circuit that the present invention is concrete such as Fig. 3, its sinusoidal-shaped circuit Z can be by amplifier A
1And resistance R
1-R
6And potentiometer RP
1Form, cosine shaping circuit Y can be by amplifier A
2, resistance R
7-R
12And potentiometer RP
2Form, their input is amplifier A
1, A
2Input end be connected with the cosine component output terminal with the sinusoidal component output terminal of photoelectricity receiving converter D respectively, their output is amplifier A
1, A
2Output terminal can be CD4066 with analog switch MUX(model respectively) two input ends be connected, the output of MUX connects the signal input part of modulus converter A/D (model can be ADC0804), the output of A/D connects microcomputer CPU(model and can be 80C31) data input pin, the control end of CPU is connected with the controlled end of analog switch MUX, another control end of CPU is connected with the controlled end of modulus converter A/D, and the working method of CPU and duty can be 27C32 by memory EPROM(model able to programme) determine.When selecting unipolar modulus converter A/D and analog switch MUX for use, can between the output of sinusoidal-shaped circuit Z and cosine shaping circuit Y and analog switch MUX, insert by resistance R
13-R
16With reference power supply V
0The level shifting circuit that (model can be LM136) formed.
Two embodiment that the present invention carries out measurement of angle and linear measure longimetry are described respectively below.
1, measurement of angle
Suppose required angle resolution τ=20 ", and in measurement of angle with garden grating A(code-disc) make measuring basis device, grid angle ω
6Count N and resolution τ has following relation, ω with the segmentation of design
6=τ * N requires τ=20 ", get grid angle ω
6=43 ', N=128 then, optional like this eight accuracy A/D converter.Because grid angle ω
6=43 ', the interior code-disc groove number (integer) of whole garden weeks 360 degree is 512, wide as groove is 0.1 millimeter, and above-mentioned requirements just can be realized at 512 of the grooves that diameter is about 0.1 millimeter live width of delineation on 33 millimeters the code-disc like this in code-disc radius r=0.1 * 512 * 2/2 π=16.3 millimeter then.Because grid angle ω
6=43 ', the sinusoidal component signal sin α and the cosine component signal cos α that are garden grating A output changed once every 43 ' cycle, (for sake of convenience, suppose sinusoidal component signal sin α and cosine component signal cos α all be on the occasion of, promptly at first quartile, if the quadrant difference, microcomputer CPU can determine that α adds pi/2 or π or 3/2 * π according to the polarity of sinusoidal component signal sin α and cosine component signal cos α.) wherein the sin alpha signal after sinusoidal-shaped circuit Z shaping, send into analog switch MUX, the cos alpha signal is also sent into analog switch MUX after cosine shaping circuit Y shaping, regulate the resistance R among the sinusoidal-shaped circuit Z
3, potentiometer RP
1Value and the resistance R among the cosine shaping circuit Y
9, potentiometer RP
2Value, the sinusoidal component signal sin α of garden grating A and amplitude and the symmetry of cosine component signal cos α are met the requirements, analog switch MUX sends sinusoidal component signal sin α and cosine component signal cos α into modulus converter A/D successively and carries out analog to digital conversion under the control of microcomputer CPU, the work of A/D is also controlled by CPU, digital signal after CPU changes A/D by the setting of memory EPROM in house software program able to programme is carried out tangent function transformation, obtain tg α value, still press the setting of EPROM software program then, tg α value is carried out the arctan function conversion, obtain the α value, segmentation decimal △ N=α/2 π, just can try to achieve segmentation decimal △ N, again with it and the Integer N addition of reading, and with grid angle ω
6=43 ' multiplying each other, just to obtain resolution τ be 20 " the measured value of actual angle displacement θ.
2, linear measure longimetry
Suppose to require linear measure longimetry is reached 0.001 millimeter resolution, in linear measure longimetry with long grating B(light chi) make measuring basis device, pitch ω
LCount N and resolution τ has the following ω of relation with the segmentation of design
L=N * τ requires ω=0.001 millimeter, gets pitch ω
L=0.064 millimeter (i.e. 15.6 lines right/millimeter), can push away like this segmentation number=64.For satisfying this requirement, modulus converter A/D of the present invention can be selected eight analog to digital converters for use, and its conversion accuracy can reach 1/256, satisfies the segmentation requirement of N=64.Because pitch ω
L=0.064 millimeter, promptly change once every the sinusoidal component signal and the cosine component signal period of 0.064 millimeters long grating B output, they by with the same treatment of embodiment 1, obtain the α value, this α value is exactly the residing grating of desired long grating B angle.Because segmentation decimal △ N=α/2 π just can obtain segmentation decimal △ N, with it and the Integer N addition of reading, and with pitch ω
L=0.064 millimeter multiplies each other, and just obtains the measured value of the actual straight-line displacement amount L of resolution τ=0.001 millimeter.
In angle and linear measure longimetry, can be according to the requirement of different resolution τ, select the not modulus converter A/D of isotopic number for use, and then obtain the angle or the length measurements of the precision of wanting, make garden grating A and long grating B become possibility in the measurement that does not increase the code-disc area and change realization degree of precision under the situation of incisure density.
Claims (5)
1, the electronic fine-grained disposal route of grating signal in a kind of angle or the linear measure longimetry, light source G is through dynamically garden grating A or long grating B and indication grating C thereof (are grating signal by the moire frange signal that photoelectricity receiving converter D receives, it has comprised sine value sin α and the cosine value cos α of garden grating or long grating grating of living in angle α, α=△ N * 2 π wherein, the △ N decimal that segmentation is determined of serving as reasons) converting electric signal to sends into sub-circuit, the Moire fringe electric signal that it is characterized in that photoelectricity receiving converter D output is given modulus converter A/D and is carried out analog to digital conversion, the digital signal that obtains is sent into computing machine and is carried out tangent function transformation earlier, the tan value tg α that obtains carries out the arctan function conversion again, and the α value that obtains like this is the garden grating that will measure or the grating angle value of long grating present position.
2, by the electronic fine-grained disposal route of grating signal in the described angle of claim 1 or the linear measure longimetry, it is characterized in that the garden grating that will try to achieve or the grating angle α value of long stop position, its precision depends on the conversion figure place of modulus converter A/D.
3, the electronic sub-circuit of grating signal in a kind of angle or the linear measure longimetry, it is characterized in that it is made up of sinusoidal-shaped circuit Z, cosine shaping circuit Y, modulus converter A/D, microcomputer CPU, the input of sinusoidal-shaped circuit Z and cosine shaping circuit Y is connected with the cosine component signal output part with the sinusoidal component signal output part of photoelectricity receiving converter D respectively, the corresponding connection of two input ends of their output and modulus converter A/D, the output of A/D is connected with microcomputer CPU, and the output of CPU is sent desired angle signal by IO interface I/O.
4, by the electronic sub-circuit of grating signal in described angle of claim 3 or the linear measure longimetry, it is characterized in that sinusoidal-shaped circuit Z can be by amplifier A
1And resistance R
1-R
6And potentiometer RP
1Form, cosine shaping circuit Y can be by amplifier A
2, resistance R
7-R
12And potentiometer RP
2Form, their input is amplifier A
1, A
2Input end be connected with the cosine component output terminal with the sinusoidal component output terminal of photoelectricity receiving converter D respectively, their output is amplifier A
1, A
2Output terminal be connected with two input ends of analog switch MUX respectively, the output of MUX connects the signal input part of modulus converter A/D, the output of A/D connects the data input pin of microcomputer CPU, the control end of CPU is connected with the controlled end of analog switch MUX, another control end of CPU is connected with the controlled end of modulus converter A/D, and the working method of CPU and duty are determined by memory EPROM able to programme.
5, press the electronic sub-circuit of grating signal in described angle of claim 4 or the linear measure longimetry, it is characterized in that when selecting unipolar modulus converter A/D and analog switch MUX for use, can between the output of sinusoidal-shaped circuit Z and cosine shaping circuit Y and analog switch MUX, insert by resistance R
13-R
16With reference power supply V
0The level shifting circuit of forming.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 93115141 CN1092159A (en) | 1993-12-18 | 1993-12-18 | The electronic fine-grained disposal route and the circuit thereof of grating signal in angle or the linear measure longimetry |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 93115141 CN1092159A (en) | 1993-12-18 | 1993-12-18 | The electronic fine-grained disposal route and the circuit thereof of grating signal in angle or the linear measure longimetry |
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|---|---|
| CN1092159A true CN1092159A (en) | 1994-09-14 |
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| CN 93115141 Pending CN1092159A (en) | 1993-12-18 | 1993-12-18 | The electronic fine-grained disposal route and the circuit thereof of grating signal in angle or the linear measure longimetry |
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Cited By (7)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104748687A (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2015-07-01 | 贵州英特利智能控制工程研究有限责任公司 | Method for improving grating sensor measuring precision and riser card |
| CN104764419A (en) * | 2015-03-04 | 2015-07-08 | 江苏大学 | Vehicle angle sensor system based on laser source |
| CN105486213A (en) * | 2016-01-18 | 2016-04-13 | 梁磊 | Digital displaying scale and measurement method thereof |
| CN105823442A (en) * | 2016-04-14 | 2016-08-03 | 北京航天发射技术研究所 | Method for angle measurement through coded disc signal subdivision and photoelectric collimator |
| CN106297829A (en) * | 2016-08-28 | 2017-01-04 | 浙江传媒学院 | The broadcasting of a kind of uniformly linear bakelite disc and/or recording method |
| CN110296722A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-10-01 | 上海可驷自动化科技有限公司 | A kind of coding method of magnetic coder and magnetic coder |
| CN112697182A (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2021-04-23 | 上海力申科学仪器有限公司 | Measuring and controlling device and method for non-abrasion length and angle of electric operating table |
-
1993
- 1993-12-18 CN CN 93115141 patent/CN1092159A/en active Pending
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104748687A (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2015-07-01 | 贵州英特利智能控制工程研究有限责任公司 | Method for improving grating sensor measuring precision and riser card |
| CN104748687B (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2017-10-13 | 贵州英利智能控制***有限公司 | A kind of method and adapter for improving grating sensor measurement accuracy |
| CN104764419A (en) * | 2015-03-04 | 2015-07-08 | 江苏大学 | Vehicle angle sensor system based on laser source |
| CN104764419B (en) * | 2015-03-04 | 2017-11-17 | 江苏大学 | A kind of vehicle corner sensor system based on LASER Light Source |
| CN105486213A (en) * | 2016-01-18 | 2016-04-13 | 梁磊 | Digital displaying scale and measurement method thereof |
| CN105486213B (en) * | 2016-01-18 | 2018-06-15 | 磐石电气（常州）有限公司 | A kind of number shows ruler and its measuring method |
| CN105823442A (en) * | 2016-04-14 | 2016-08-03 | 北京航天发射技术研究所 | Method for angle measurement through coded disc signal subdivision and photoelectric collimator |
| CN106297829A (en) * | 2016-08-28 | 2017-01-04 | 浙江传媒学院 | The broadcasting of a kind of uniformly linear bakelite disc and/or recording method |
| CN110296722A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-10-01 | 上海可驷自动化科技有限公司 | A kind of coding method of magnetic coder and magnetic coder |
| CN110296722B (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2021-12-07 | 上海可驷自动化科技有限公司 | Encoding method of magnetic encoder and magnetic encoder |
| CN112697182A (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2021-04-23 | 上海力申科学仪器有限公司 | Measuring and controlling device and method for non-abrasion length and angle of electric operating table |
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