CN109212669B - Ultra-compact multi-path wavelength division multiplexer for 5G optical network - Google Patents
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
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- G02B6/32—Optical coupling means having lens focusing means positioned between opposed fibre ends
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- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
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- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
- G02B6/29379—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device
- G02B6/2938—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device for multiplexing or demultiplexing, i.e. combining or separating wavelengths, e.g. 1xN, NxM
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ultra-compact type multi-path wavelength division multiplexer for a 5G optical network, which comprises: the optical fiber array comprises an optical fiber array with n optical fibers, an optical fiber array with 2n optical fibers with small bending radius, two focusing lenses, a thin film filter and three sections of glass tubes; the two focusing lenses are respectively a first focusing lens and a second focusing lens; three sections of glass tubes are respectively a first glass tube, a second glass tube and a third glass tube; a thin film filter is arranged between the first focusing lens and the second focusing lens, and the first focusing lens, the second focusing lens and the third focusing lens are fixed in the second glass tube; the first focusing lens, the second glass tube, the thin film filter and the second focusing lens are collectively called as an intermediate component, 2n optical fiber arrays with small bending radii are bonded with the intermediate component through the first glass tube, and the optical fiber arrays of n optical fibers are bonded with the intermediate component through the third glass tube.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of 5G mobile communication, in particular to an ultra-compact type multi-path wavelength division multiplexer for a 5G optical network.
Background
The 5G network is a necessary choice for future mobile operators, and the 5G network is characterized by a denser network to achieve high throughput and low delay services. To achieve network densification, a small cellular base station needs to be deployed every several hundred meters in the entire Radio Access Network (RAN), or existing macro base station sectors need to be split to increase capacity. The C-RAN is an enabling framework for realizing the RAN no matter a small base station or a macro base station, and lays a foundation for 5G. Thus, C-RAN is a major trend in the wireless industry today.
WDM network systems can ideally support fast-growing mobile applications such as Distributed Antenna Systems (DAS), small cellular base stations, and Wi-Fi backhaul and/or C-RAN fronthaul. To maximize the use of existing fiber assets, operators are using Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) technology on existing fibers to obtain 8, 16, or even 40 channels from a single fiber. The more channels that are run on a single fiber, the lower the overall cost. WDM refers to a method of using multiple wavelengths on a single fiber (wavelength multiplexing) or separating a single fiber containing multiple wavelengths into multiple fibers containing different wavelengths (demultiplexing), each carrying a different signal. In passive WDM, the allowed wavelength range can be preset using optical filters at the time of multiplexing; demultiplexing allows another range of wavelengths to pass through by thin film filter technology. When the thin film layers are stacked together, the interference effect is created by the continuous reflection from the surfaces between them, allowing only certain wavelengths to pass through, while reflecting other wavelengths.
And the C-RAN system for establishing the 5G network obviously improves the requirements of WDM devices on volume, performance, reliability, cost and the like. The size and cost of WDM devices in particular are critical for the overall system size and cost optimization.
The existing multi-channel WDM solutions are basically based on multi-channel optical fibers, multi-channel collimators, which filter out the individual wavelengths by propagating in free space, step-by-step filtering, patent CN201280004164.0, by means of multiple reflections of the light beam between multiple thin film filters, and then receive them using separate collimators. The thin film filter is adhered to a substrate, signal light with a plurality of wavelengths enters a public end, and the signal light with specific wavelengths can be filtered out through the step-by-step filtering of different thin film filters. Patent CN201510623851.6, also similar to the filtering method, is a method of deflecting the optical path by a wedge prism so that the collimator appears parallel to the box, and this patent is a method of filtering by a plurality of thin film filters and then receiving by a plurality of separate collimators. Except that two wedge prisms were added so that the entrance and exit collimators were parallel. The packaging is convenient. Patent CN201511023797.8 uses a more complex structure, just to make the volume more compact, the splitting and receiving principle is the same as the first and second, but some prisms are used, and the whole size is compressed.
The three examples of the above cited patents are characterized by the use of a plurality of optical fibers, each of which filters out one wavelength, resulting in increased costs; the use of a plurality of collimator structures cannot be extremely compact in size; the structure is complicated, the difficulty of the production process is high, and the reliability is not high.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to solve the problems that the existing multi-path wavelength division multiplexer is large in size, complex in structure, high in cost, not beneficial to the universal popularization of the 5G network C-RAN technology and the like.
The invention provides an ultra-compact type multi-path wavelength division multiplexer for a 5G optical network, which comprises: the device comprises an optical fiber array (1) with n optical fibers, an optical fiber array (2) with 2n optical fibers with small bending radius, two focusing lenses, a thin film filter (505) and three sections of glass tubes; and n is a natural number.
The two focusing lenses are a first focusing lens (503) and a second focusing lens (506) respectively;
three sections of glass tubes are respectively a first glass tube (501), a second glass tube (504) and a third glass tube (508);
wherein, a thin film filter (505) is arranged between the first focusing lens (503) and the second focusing lens (506), and the three are fixed in the second glass tube (504);
the first focusing lens (503), the second glass tube (504), the thin film filter (505) and the second focusing lens (506) are collectively called as an intermediate assembly, 2n optical fiber arrays (2) with small bending radius are bonded with the intermediate assembly through the first glass tube (501), and the optical fiber arrays (1) of n optical fibers are bonded with the intermediate assembly through the third glass tube (508);
the optical fibers in the 2n optical fiber arrays (2) with small bending radius are optical fibers which meet the G.657.B3(2009) standard and have the bending loss of one circle of less than or equal to 0.45dB when the bending radius is 5 mm.
The optical fiber array (1) comprises n optical fibers (512, 517, 522, 528 … …) and the like;
the optical fiber array (1) is used for transmission after optical fiber demultiplexing.
The optical fiber array (2) comprises 2n optical fibers (500, 502, 514, 520, 526, 513, 519, 523, 525 … …);
the optical fiber array (2) is used for step-by-step separation and transmission of signals in the demultiplexing process.
The first focusing lens (503) is used for collimating the mixed light beams before the step separation, and the second focusing lens (506) is used for collimating the separated light beams with the n wavelengths.
The thin film filter (505) is used for the step-by-step separation of the light beams with n wavelengths and the reflection of the mixed light beams with the residual wavelengths after the separation.
The first glass tube (501) is used for fixing the position of an optical fiber array (2) containing 2n optical fibers with small bending radius and connecting the optical fiber array (2) with a first focusing lens (503);
the second glass tube (504) is used for fixing the positions of the first focusing lens (503), the second focusing lens (506) and the thin film filter (505), connecting the first focusing lens (503) with the thin film filter (505), and connecting the thin film filter (505) with the second focusing lens (506);
the third glass tube (508) is used for fixing the position of the optical fiber array (1) containing n optical fibers and connecting the optical fiber array (1) with the second focusing lens (506).
The multiplexer carries out filtering step by using a thin film filter (505), and filters light beams with n wavelengths step by step according to different incident angles theta at each time, and the steps are as follows:
step 1, a signal containing n wavelengths enters an optical fiber (500), wherein the optical fiber (500) is one of 2n optical fibers contained in an optical fiber array (2), the signal light enters a first focusing lens (503), collimated light enters a thin film filter (505) at an angle theta 1, the wavelength lambda 1 is transmitted through a light path (511) and is coupled into an optical fiber (512), so that the first wavelength lambda 1 is separated, and the optical fiber (512) is one of the n optical fibers contained in the optical fiber array (1);
step 3, wavelengths λ 3 and λ 4 … … λ n are reflected by an optical path (515) and coupled into an optical fiber, and then enter an optical fiber (520) through an optical fiber (519) with a small bending radius, light emitted by the optical fiber (520) passes through a first focusing lens (503) and is incident on a thin film filter (505) at an angle of Θ 3, the wavelength λ 3 is transmitted through an optical path (521) and coupled into the optical fiber (522) to realize separation of the wavelength λ 3, the optical fiber (519) is one of 2n optical fibers included in an optical fiber array (2), the optical fiber (520) is one of 2n optical fibers included in the optical fiber array (2), and the optical fiber (522) is one of n optical fibers included in an optical fiber array (1);
step 4, the wavelength λ 4 … … λ n is reflected by a light path (518) and coupled into an optical fiber, and then enters an optical fiber (526) through a small-bending-radius optical fiber (525), light emitted by the optical fiber (526) passes through a first focusing lens (503) and is incident on the optical fiber (505) at an angle of Θ 4, the wavelength λ 4 is transmitted by the light path (527) and coupled into an optical fiber (528) to realize separation of the wavelength λ 4, the optical fiber (525) is one of 2n optical fibers included in the optical fiber array (2), the optical fiber (526) is one of 2n optical fibers included in the optical fiber array (2), and the optical fiber (528) is one of n optical fibers included in the optical fiber array (1);
and 5, reflecting other wavelengths through the optical path (523) and coupling the wavelengths into the optical fiber (529), and repeating the steps 1 to 4 until the signals with the n wavelengths are separated step by step, wherein the optical fiber (529) is one optical fiber among 2n optical fibers contained in the optical fiber array (2).
The invention can meet the requirements of the future 5G communication system on optical devices, greatly reduces the cost of networking on the optical devices, improves the reliability of the system, has extremely compact structure, low cost and simple realization process, and is beneficial to popularization and application of 5G mobile communication and reduction of networking cost.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects:
(1) the invention provides an ultra-compact wavelength division multiplexer, which has small volume, low cost and simple realization, is suitable for the application of 5G network technology and is beneficial to the popularization and application of a C-RAN system;
(2) the invention adopts the characteristic of selecting the wavelength for different incidence angles by using the small bending radius and the optical fiber to carry out filtering step by step so as to achieve the purpose of wavelength division;
(3) the integral device is connected through the glass tube, the structure is simple, the volume can be reduced to 1/5 of that of the traditional method, and the space is greatly saved;
(4) the invention achieves the purpose of demultiplexing by utilizing the optical fiber for many times, and can be reversely used to achieve the purpose of multiplexing.
Drawings
The foregoing and other advantages of the invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of the invention when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic filtering diagram of a thin film filter.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the optical path and structure of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a software simulation diagram of the present invention, which can show the real light propagation path.
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained below with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.
The invention discloses an ultra-compact type multi-path wavelength division multiplexer for a 5G optical network, which comprises: the device comprises an optical fiber array 1 with n optical fibers, an optical fiber array 2 with 2n optical fibers with small bending radius, two focusing lenses, a thin film filter 505 and three sections of glass tubes;
the two focusing lenses are respectively a first focusing lens 503 and a second focusing lens 506, and the three glass tubes are respectively a first glass tube 501, a second glass tube 504 and a third glass tube 508;
a thin film filter 505 is placed between the first focusing lens 503 and the second focusing lens 506, and the three are fixed in the second glass tube 504;
the first focusing lens 503, the second glass tube 504, the thin film filter 505 and the second focusing lens 506 are collectively called as an intermediate assembly, 2n optical fiber arrays 2 with small bending radius are bonded with the intermediate assembly through the first glass tube 501, and the optical fiber arrays 1 of n optical fibers are bonded with the intermediate assembly through the third glass tube 508;
the optical fibers in the 2n optical fiber arrays 2 with small bending radius are optical fibers which meet the G.657.B3(2009) standard, and the bending loss of one circle is less than or equal to 0.45dB when the bending radius is 5 mm.
As shown in fig. 2, the optical fiber array 1 comprises n optical fibers, such as 512, 517, 522, 528 … …, etc.;
the optical fiber array 1 is used for transmission after optical fiber demultiplexing.
The optical fiber array 2 comprises 2n optical fibers of 500, 502, 514, 520, 526, 513, 519, 523, 525 … … and the like;
the optical fiber array 2 is used for step-by-step separation and transmission of signals in the demultiplexing process.
The first focusing lens 503 is used for collimating the pre-mixed light beam before the step separation, and the second focusing lens 506 is used for collimating the separated light beams with n wavelengths.
The thin film filter 505 is used for stepwise separation of the light beams of n wavelengths and reflection of a mixed light beam of the remaining wavelengths after separation.
The first glass tube 501 is used for fixing the position of the optical fiber array 2 and connecting the optical fiber array 2 with the first focusing lens 503;
the second glass tube 504 is used for fixing the positions of the first focusing lens 503, the second focusing lens 506 and the thin film filter 505, connecting the first focusing lens 503 with the thin film filter 505 and connecting the thin film filter 505 with the second focusing lens 506;
the third glass tube 508 is used for fixing the position of the optical fiber array 1 and connecting the optical fiber array 1 with the second focusing lens 506.
The thin film filter 505 is used for filtering step by step, and light beams with n wavelengths are filtered step by step according to different incident angles theta at each time, and the steps are as follows:
step 1, a signal containing n wavelengths enters an optical fiber 500, wherein the optical fiber 500 is one of 2n optical fibers contained in an optical fiber array 2, the signal light enters a first focusing lens 503, collimated light enters a thin film filter 505 at an angle Θ 1, the wavelength λ 1 is transmitted through a light path 511 and coupled into an optical fiber 512, so that the separation of the first wavelength λ 1 is realized, and the optical fiber 512 is one of n optical fibers contained in the optical fiber array 1;
step 3, the wavelengths λ 3 and λ 4 … … λ n are reflected by the optical path 515 and coupled into the optical fibers, and then enter the optical fibers 520 through the small-bend-radius optical fibers 519, light emitted by the optical fibers 52) passes through the first focusing lens 503 and is incident on the thin film filter 505 at an angle of Θ 3, the wavelength λ 3 is transmitted through the optical path 521 and coupled into the optical fibers 522 to realize separation of the wavelength λ 3, the optical fibers 519 are one of 2n optical fibers included in the optical fiber array 2, the optical fibers 520 are one of 2n optical fibers included in the optical fiber array 2, and the optical fibers 522 are one of n optical fibers included in the optical fiber array 1;
step 4, the wavelength λ 4 … … λ n is reflected by the optical path 518 and coupled into an optical fiber, and then enters the optical fiber 526 through the optical fiber 525 with a small bending radius, light emitted by the optical fiber 526 passes through the first focusing lens 503 and is incident on the optical fiber 505 at an angle of Θ 4, the wavelength λ 4 is transmitted through the optical path 527 and coupled into the optical fiber 528, so as to realize separation of the wavelength λ 4, the optical fiber 525 is one of 2n optical fibers included in the optical fiber array 2, the optical fiber 526 is one of 2n optical fibers included in the optical fiber array 2, and the optical fiber 528 is one of n optical fibers included in the optical fiber array 1;
and step 5, reflecting other wavelengths through the optical path 523 and coupling the wavelengths into the optical fiber 529, and repeating the steps 1 to 4 until the signals with the n wavelengths are separated step by step, wherein the optical fiber 529 is one optical fiber among 2n optical fibers included in the optical fiber array 2.
Examples
As shown in fig. 2, the present invention mainly includes an optical fiber array 1 having n (n is 1, 2, 3, 4) optical fibers, an optical fiber array 2 having 2n optical fibers with a small bending radius, two focusing lenses (503, 506 in fig. 2), a thin film filter (505 in fig. 2), and three glass tubes (501, 504, 508 in fig. 2).
The optical fiber array 1 comprises n (n is 1, 2, 3, 4) optical fibers, and is mainly used for transmission after optical fiber demultiplexing;
the optical fiber array 2 comprises 2n optical fibers with small bending radius, and is mainly used for step-by-step separation and transmission of signals in the demultiplexing process;
the focusing lens 503 is mainly used for collimating the mixed light beam before the step-by-step separation, and the focusing lens 506 is mainly used for collimating the separated 4 wavelengths (λ 1, λ 2, λ 3, λ 4).
The thin film filter is mainly used for the step-by-step separation of light beams with 4 wavelengths (lambda 1, lambda 2, lambda 3 and lambda 4) and the reflection of mixed light beams with the residual wavelengths after the separation.
The glass tube 501 is used for fixing the position of the optical fiber array 2 containing 2n optical fibers with small bending radius and connecting the optical fiber array 2 with the collimating lens 503.
The glass tube 504 is used for fixing the positions of the collimating lens 503, the collimating lens 506 and the thin film filter 505, connecting the collimating lens 503 with the thin film filter 505, and connecting the thin film filter 505 with the collimating lens 506.
The glass tube 508 is used for fixing the position of the optical fiber array 1 including n (n is 1, 2, 3, 4) optical fibers and connecting the optical fiber array 1 to the collimator lens 506.
The same thin film filter 505 is used for filtering step by step to obtain light beams with 4 wavelengths (λ 1, λ 2, λ 3, λ 4) according to different incident angles Θ. The method comprises the following steps:
(1) signals with multiple wavelengths enter the optical fiber 500, and the present embodiment takes 4 wavelengths as an example, and the practical use is not limited to 4 wavelengths, and may be less than or more than 4 wavelengths. The signal light enters the collimating lens 503 and the optical signal is collimated as shown in fig. 3. Collimated light is incident on the thin film filter 505 at an angle Θ 1, and the wavelength λ 1 is transmitted through the optical path 511 and coupled into the optical fiber 512, achieving separation of the wavelength λ 1.
(2) The wavelengths λ 2, λ 3, λ 4 are reflected by the optical path 510 and coupled into the optical fibers, and then the light emitted from the optical fibers 514, 514 through the small-bend-radius optical fiber 513 passes through the collimating lens 503 and is incident on the thin film filter 505 at an angle of Θ 2, and the wavelength λ 2 is transmitted through the optical path 516 and coupled into the optical fiber 517, thereby realizing the separation of the wavelength λ 2.
(3) The wavelengths 3, 4 are reflected by the optical path 515 and coupled into the optical fiber, and then the light emitted from the small bend radius optical fiber 519 enters the optical fiber 520, 520 and passes through the collimating lens 503 to be incident on the thin film filter 505 at an angle of Θ 3, and the wavelength 3 is transmitted through the optical path 521 and coupled into the optical fiber 522, thereby realizing the separation of the wavelength λ 3.
(4) The wavelength λ 4 is reflected by the optical path 518 and coupled into the optical fiber, and then enters the optical fiber 526 through the small-bend-radius optical fiber 525, and the light emitted from 526 passes through the collimating lens 503 and is incident on the thin film filter 505 at an angle of Θ 4, and the wavelength λ 4 is transmitted through the optical path 527 and coupled into the optical fiber 528, thereby realizing the separation of the wavelength λ 4.
(5) Other wavelengths are reflected by optical path 523 and coupled into optical fiber 529.
The signal entering fiber 500 may contain n wavelengths, n is not limited to 4 wavelengths and may be less than or more than 4 wavelengths.
The multiplex wavelength division multiplexer can be used reversely to achieve the purpose of multiplexing.
And step-by-step filtering is performed at the 2n optical fiber ends by utilizing the characteristics of small bending radius and wavelength selection of the optical fibers for different incidence angles so as to achieve the purpose of wavelength division.
For a thin film filter, different incident angles can transmit different wavelengths, as shown in fig. 1, where 401 is an incident mixed light beam (λ 1, λ 2, λ 3, λ 4); 400 is a thin film filter used for separating the mixed light beams; 402 is a light beam with the wavelength of lambda 3 separated by the thin film filter; 403 is the incident angle Θ 3 of the mixed beam 401; 404 is a mixed light beam (λ 1, λ 2, λ 4) reflected by the thin film filter; 405 is the normal of the thin film filter;
as shown in fig. 1, a plurality of signal wavelengths are incident on the thin film filter, and a signal light with one wavelength is projected, and the rest is reflected, and a light beam specifically including 4 wavelengths (λ 1, λ 2, λ 3, λ 4) is incident on the thin film filter 400 at θ 3, and is filtered by the thin film filter, λ 3 is transmitted through the thin film filter, λ 1, λ 2, λ 4 is reflected, and travels along the optical path of 403. This principle is the basis of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 2: signals with multiple wavelengths enter the optical fiber 500, and the present embodiment takes 4 wavelengths as an example, and the practical use is not limited to 4 wavelengths, and may be less than or more than 4 wavelengths. The signal light enters the collimating lens 503 and the optical signal is collimated as shown in fig. 3. Collimated light is incident on thin film filter 505 at angle Θ 1, wavelength λ 1 is transmitted through optical path 511, and coupled into optical fiber 512. Wavelengths λ 2, λ 3, λ 4 are reflected by the optical path 510 and coupled into the optical fibers, and then light emitted from the optical fibers 514, 514 through the small bend radius optical fiber 513 passes through the collimating lens 503 and is incident on the thin film filter 505 at an angle Θ 2, and the wavelength λ 2 is transmitted through the optical path 516 and coupled into the optical fiber 517.
Similarly, wavelengths λ 3, λ 4 are filtered out and coupled into fibers 522 and 528, respectively.
The integrated devices are connected by glass tubes 501, 504 and 508. The structure is simple, the volume can be reduced to 1/5 of the volume of the traditional method, and the space is greatly saved.
Therefore, the purpose of demultiplexing is achieved by utilizing the optical fiber for multiple times, the invention can also be used reversely, and the purpose of multiplexing can be achieved.
Signal demultiplexing of 4 wavelengths:
(1) the signal containing 4 wavelengths enters the fiber 500, and then the signal light enters the collimating lens 503, and the optical signal is collimated as shown in fig. 3. Collimated light is incident on the thin film filter 505 at an angle Θ 1, and the wavelength λ 1 is transmitted through the optical path 511 and coupled into the optical fiber 512, achieving separation of the wavelength λ 1.
(2) The wavelengths λ 2, λ 3, λ 4 are reflected by the optical path 510 and coupled into the optical fibers, and then the light emitted from the optical fibers 514, 514 through the small-bend-radius optical fiber 513 passes through the collimating lens 503 and is incident on the thin film filter 505 at an angle of Θ 2, and the wavelength λ 2 is transmitted through the optical path 516 and coupled into the optical fiber 517, thereby realizing the separation of the wavelength λ 2.
(3) The wavelengths 3, 4 are reflected by the optical path 515 and coupled into the optical fiber, and then the light emitted from the small bend radius optical fiber 519 enters the optical fiber 520, 520 and passes through the collimating lens 503 to be incident on the thin film filter 505 at an angle of Θ 3, and the wavelength 3 is transmitted through the optical path 521 and coupled into the optical fiber 522, thereby realizing the separation of the wavelength λ 3.
(4) The wavelength λ 4 is reflected by the optical path 518 and coupled into the optical fiber, and then enters the optical fiber 526 through the small-bend-radius optical fiber 525, and the light emitted from 526 passes through the collimating lens 503 and is incident on the thin film filter 505 at an angle of Θ 4, and the wavelength λ 4 is transmitted through the optical path 527 and coupled into the optical fiber 528, thereby realizing the separation of the wavelength λ 4.
(5) Other wavelengths are reflected by optical path 523 and coupled into optical fiber 529.
The present invention provides an ultra-compact multiplexer for 5G optical network, and the method and the way for implementing the technical solution are many, and the above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and embellishments can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention. All the components not specified in the present embodiment can be realized by the prior art.
Claims (8)
1. An ultra-compact wavelength division multiplexer for use in a 5G optical network, comprising: the device comprises an optical fiber array (1) with n optical fibers, an optical fiber array (2) with 2n optical fibers with small bending radius, two focusing lenses, a thin film filter (505) and three sections of glass tubes;
the two focusing lenses are a first focusing lens (503) and a second focusing lens (506) respectively;
three sections of glass tubes are respectively a first glass tube (501), a second glass tube (504) and a third glass tube (508);
wherein, a thin film filter (505) is arranged between the first focusing lens (503) and the second focusing lens (506), and the three are fixed in the second glass tube (504);
the first focusing lens (503), the second glass tube (504), the thin film filter (505) and the second focusing lens (506) are collectively called as an intermediate assembly, 2n optical fiber arrays (2) with small bending radii are bonded with the intermediate assembly through the first glass tube (501), and the optical fiber arrays (1) of n optical fibers are bonded with the intermediate assembly through the third glass tube (508).
2. An ultra-compact wavelength division multiplexer for 5G optical networks according to claim 1, wherein the optical fibers in the 2n optical fiber arrays (2) with small bending radius are optical fibers that conform to g.657.b3(2009) standard and have a bending loss of 0.45dB or less at a bending radius of 5 mm.
3. An ultra-compact wavelength division multiplexer for 5G optical networks according to claim 2, characterized in that the optical fiber array (1) is used for optical fiber demultiplexed transmission.
4. An ultra-compact wavelength division multiplexer for 5G optical networks according to claim 3, characterized in that the optical fiber array (2) is used for signal stage-by-stage separation and transmission in the demultiplexing process.
5. An ultra-compact wavelength division multiplexer for 5G optical networks according to claim 4, characterized in that the first focusing lens (503) is used for collimation of the pre-split mixed beam and the second focusing lens (506) is used for collimation of the split n-wavelength beams.
6. An ultra-compact wavelength division multiplexer for 5G optical networks according to claim 5, characterized in that said thin film filters (505) are used for step-wise separation of the beams of n wavelengths and reflection of the mixed beams of the remaining wavelengths after separation.
7. An ultra-compact wavelength division multiplexer for 5G optical networks according to claim 6, characterized in that the first glass tube (501) is used for fixing the position of the optical fiber array (2) containing 2n small bending radius optical fibers and connecting the optical fiber array (2) with the first focusing lens (503);
the second glass tube (504) is used for fixing the positions of the first focusing lens (503), the second focusing lens (506) and the thin film filter (505), connecting the first focusing lens (503) with the thin film filter (505), and connecting the thin film filter (505) with the second focusing lens (506);
the third glass tube (508) is used for fixing the position of the optical fiber array (1) and connecting the optical fiber array (1) with the second focusing lens (506).
8. An ultra-compact wavelength division multiplexer for 5G optical networks according to claim 7, wherein the multiplexer uses thin film filters (505) for progressive filtering to obtain n wavelengths of light according to different progressive filtering angles Θ at each incidence, and comprises the following steps:
step 1, a signal containing n wavelengths enters an optical fiber (500), wherein the optical fiber (500) is one of 2n optical fibers contained in an optical fiber array (2), the signal light enters a first focusing lens (503), collimated light enters a thin film filter (505) at an angle theta 1, the wavelength lambda 1 is transmitted through a light path (511) and is coupled into an optical fiber (512), so that the first wavelength lambda 1 is separated, and the optical fiber (512) is one of the n optical fibers contained in the optical fiber array (1);
step 2, wavelengths λ 2, λ 3, λ 4 … … λ n are reflected by a light path (510) and coupled into an optical fiber, and then enter an optical fiber (514) through an optical fiber (513) with a small bending radius, light emitted by the optical fiber (514) passes through a first focusing lens (503) and is incident on a thin film filter (505) at an angle of Θ 2, the wavelengths λ 2 are transmitted through a light path (516) and coupled into an optical fiber (517) to realize separation of the wavelengths λ 2, the optical fiber (513) is one of 2n optical fibers included in the optical fiber array (2), the optical fiber (514) is one of 2n optical fibers included in the optical fiber array (2), and the optical fiber (517) is one of n optical fibers included in the optical fiber array (1);
step 3, wavelengths λ 3 and λ 4 … … λ n are reflected by an optical path (515) and coupled into an optical fiber, and then enter an optical fiber (520) through an optical fiber (519) with a small bending radius, light emitted by the optical fiber (520) passes through a first focusing lens (503) and is incident on a thin film filter (505) at an angle of Θ 3, the wavelength λ 3 is transmitted through an optical path (521) and coupled into the optical fiber (522) to realize separation of the wavelength λ 3, the optical fiber (519) is one of 2n optical fibers included in an optical fiber array (2), the optical fiber (520) is one of 2n optical fibers included in the optical fiber array (2), and the optical fiber (522) is one of n optical fibers included in an optical fiber array (1);
step 4, the wavelength λ 4 … … λ n is reflected by a light path (518) and coupled into an optical fiber, and then enters an optical fiber (526) through a small-bending-radius optical fiber (525), light emitted by the optical fiber (526) passes through a first focusing lens (503) and is incident on the optical fiber (505) at an angle of Θ 4, the wavelength λ 4 is transmitted by the light path (527) and coupled into an optical fiber (528) to realize separation of the wavelength λ 4, the optical fiber (525) is one of 2n optical fibers included in the optical fiber array (2), the optical fiber (526) is one of 2n optical fibers included in the optical fiber array (2), and the optical fiber (528) is one of n optical fibers included in the optical fiber array (1);
and 5, reflecting other wavelengths through the optical path (523) and coupling the wavelengths into the optical fiber (529), and repeating the steps 1 to 4 until the signals with the n wavelengths are separated step by step, wherein the optical fiber (529) is one optical fiber among 2n optical fibers contained in the optical fiber array (2).
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