CN109212162A - A method of estimation diagenesis gas hydrates reservoir mechanics parameter - Google Patents
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Abstract
A method of prediction diagenesis gas hydrates reservoir mechanics parameter, the present invention relates to diagenesis gas hydrates reservoir mechanics parameters to predict field, and reservoir mechanics parameter can not be carried out to diagenesis gas hydrates reservoir when lacking detailed well-log information by, which solving the problems, such as, calculates.The invention mainly comprises the velocity of longitudinal waves of the estimation gas hydrates reservoir in the case where hydrate concentration of existing gas hydrates well, reservoir rock total body density and drilling fluid density, and then calculate the reservoir mechanics parameter of reservoir.The present invention is for predicting the reservoir mechanics parameter of diagenesis gas hydrates reservoir in the case where lacking detailed well-log information.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to diagenesis gas hydrates reservoir mechanics parameter calculating fields, and in particular to a kind of quick predict at
The method of rock gas hydrates reservoir mechanics parameter.
Technical background
The reservoir mechanics parameter that generally determine diagenesis gas hydrates needs to obtain velocity of wave in length and breadth according to well-log information
Degree, density of earth formations, overburden pressure, drilling well liquid columnpressure.P-and s-wave velocity is obtained to need to carry out geophysical log,
But the higher cost of geophysical log is carried out to diagenesis gas hydrates reservoir.In each rock understood fully in hydrate reservoir
Under the premise of component, hydrate concentration, hole water saturation, hydrate porosity, rock total body density, in conjunction with Gassmann
Then equation estimation shear wave velocity and velocity of longitudinal wave estimate diagenesis gas hydrates layer reservoir mechanics parameter by formula.And
The mechanism of diagenesis gas hydrates can be divided into 2 classes: one kind be as pore filling object, it is another kind of as rock matrix
A part of (Fig. 1).So should be taken into account hydrate in difference when estimating the p-and s-wave velocity of diagenesis gas hydrates reservoir
Mechanism under on brought by estimation result influence.But the hydrate under two kinds of mechanisms accounts for the percentage of total hydrate
It can not obtain, therefore hydrate is all used as to void filler respectively or is all handled as a part of rock matrix,
The velocity of longitudinal wave of diagenesis gas hydrates and reservoir mechanics parameter under different mechanisms are calculated separately, is then compared at two kinds
Lower calculated reservoir mechanics parameter of mode simultaneously takes median as final estimation result.
Since this method does not need detailed well-log information, while it is contemplated that diagenesis gas hydrates different preservations
Influence of the mould to longitudinal wave calculated result, so in turn ensuring the accuracy of calculated result while having saved time and cost.
There are two types of mechanisms in reservoir for diagenesis gas hydrates, one is existing as void filler, separately
Exist one is a part as rock matrix, for the accuracy for guaranteeing estimation result, diagenesis natural gas must be calculated separately
Hydrate reservoir p-and s-wave velocity corresponding under two kinds of mechanisms, and then calculate the mechanics parameter of reservoir rock.
(1) modes I type reservoir longitudinal and shear wave calculates
Modes I type diagenesis gas hydrates, a part of hydrate particle as pore filling object, by filling mixture
Elasticity modulus generation effect, and then influence hydrate reservoir elasticity modulus.It is theoretical according to Gassmann, pass through following formula
I type diagenesis gas hydrates elasticity modulus of acquisition model:
In formula: KfFor void filler bulk modulus;ShFor hydrate concentration;SwFor hole water saturation;KhFor pure hydrate
Bulk modulus;KwFor the bulk modulus of pure water.
In formula: KdryFor dry rock matrix bulk modulus;φ is pure hydrate porosity;φcFor Critical porosity, value is
0.4;KhmFor rock matrix bulk modulus under Critical porosity;GhmFor rock matrix modulus of shearing under Critical porosity.
In formula: GdryFor dry rock matrix modulus of shearing;GhmFor rock matrix modulus of shearing under Critical porosity;Z is amount of transition,
The value of Z are as follows:
In formula: KnFor lithological compositions various in skeleton bulk modulus and;ν is rock matrix Poisson's ratio;P is active porosity pressure
Power;K is amount of transition;π=3.14.
In formula: GnFor lithological compositions various in skeleton modulus of shearing and.
In formula: KiFor the bulk modulus of i-th kind of component;fiFor percentage by volume shared by i-th kind of rock constituents.
In formula: GiFor the modulus of shearing of i-th kind of rock constituents.
In formula: ρmFor the density of rock matrix;ρwFor the density of pure water;G is acceleration of gravity, 9.8m2/s;H is hydrate reservoir
Place depth.
In formula: KsatFor amount of transition.
Gsat=Gdry (13)
In formula: VplFor velocity of longitudinal wave.
In formula: VslFor shear wave velocity.
(2) mode II type reservoir p-and s-wave velocity calculates
Mode II type diagenesis gas hydrates, hydrate particle are a part of rock matrix.At this point, because reservoir rock hole
Water, a part of hydrate as rock matrix are contained only in gap, so the bulk modulus of reservoir inner pore is equal to water at this time
Bulk modulus, i.e. Kf=Kw;The porosity of fluid is in holeEqually, depositing due to hydrate in rock matrix
, rock matrix each component volume fraction will change, becomes:
In formula:For the porosity of fluid in hole in mode II;fsFor the volume fraction of common rocks each component in mode II;
fhFor the volume fraction of hydrate in mode II.
Rock matrix bulk modulus and skeleton modulus of shearing become each component bulk modulus and modulus of shearing and plus hydrations
The bulk modulus and skeleton modulus of shearing of composition granule, i.e., are as follows:
K'n=fsKn+fhKh (18)
G'n=fsGn+fhGh (19)
In formula, Kn ’For rock constituents in rock matrix in mode II bulk modulus and;Gn ’For rock matrix rock in mode II
The modulus of shearing of component and.
After being adjusted to the above parameter, diagenesis gas hydrates reservoir under mode II can be obtained according to (1) ~ (15) formula
Velocity of longitudinal wave.
(3) diagenesis gas hydrates reservoir mechanics parameter calculates
In the case where obtaining two kinds of mechanisms after the p-and s-wave velocity of diagenesis natural gas reservoirs, joined according to acoustic speed and reservoir mechanics
Relational expression between number can obtain the mechanics parameter of diagenesis gas hydrates reservoir:
Kinetic Youngs modulus:
In formula: EdFor kinetic Youngs modulus, ρ is density of earth formations, VpFor velocity of longitudinal wave, VsFor shear wave velocity.
Static Young's modulus:
Es=A1+K1Ed (21)
In formula: EsFor static Young's modulus, A1, K1For regression coefficient.
Dynamic Poisson's ratio:
In formula: μdFor dynamic Poisson's ratio.
Static Poisson's ratio:
μs=A2+K2μd (23)
In formula: μsFor static Poisson's ratio.A2,K2For regression coefficient.
Bulk modulus:
In formula: KbFor bulk modulus.
Shale content:
Vcl=2.88vp-5.18vs+0.9 (25)
In formula: VclFor shale content.
Uniaxial compressive strength:
σc=Ed(0.0045+0.0035Vcl) (26)
In formula: σcFor uniaxial compressive strength.
Uniaxial tensile strength:
St=σc/12 (27)
In formula: StFor uniaxial compressive strength.
Shearing strength:
τ0=3.626 × 10-6σcKb (28)
In formula: τ0For shearing strength.
Cohesive force:
In formula: C is cohesive force.
Stratum internal friction angle:
N=58.93-1.785C (31)
In formula: ψ is to rub in stratum, and N is amount of transition.
Regression coefficient is calculated by following coefficient:
A1=198.4+1810.2lgM (32)
K1=0.066184+0.16931lgM (33)
A2=0.24543-0.155483lgM (34)
K2=0.050248+0.364781lgM (35)
M=σv-Pm (36)
Based on above formula and binding region Conventional Logs can be calculated and are hydrated under the mechanism of two kinds of the region
The velocity of longitudinal wave of object formation skeleton then calculates separately out diagenesis gas hydrates under two kinds of mechanisms according to velocity of longitudinal wave
Reservoir mechanics parameter.It compares the reservoir mechanics parameter estimated under two kinds of mechanisms and takes median using as final
Estimation result.
Summary of the invention
For the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of prediction diagenesis gas hydrates reservoir mechanics
The method of parameter solves the problems, such as that hydrate reservoir mechanics parameter can not obtain in the case where lacking detailed well-log information.
In order to achieve the above objectives, The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows:
A method of estimation diagenesis gas hydrates reservoir mechanics parameter includes the following steps:
Step 1, rock constituents, hydrate concentration, the rock total body density for determining the hydrate reservoir predicted.
Step 2, modes I, using the hydrate in reservoir as void filler preservation, estimate reservoir under the mechanism
The velocity of longitudinal wave of rock.
Step 3, the overburden pressure for determining wanted predicting reservoir, drilling well liquid columnpressure.Overburden pressure can root
It is obtained according to density of earth formations, drilling well liquid columnpressure can be obtained according to drilling fluid density.
Step 4, according in step 2 diagenesis gas hydrates reservoir is in length and breadth under calculated modes I occurrence condition
Identified overburden pressure, drilling well liquid columnpressure calculate natural gas corresponding to mechanism I in wave velocity and step 3
The reservoir mechanics parameter of hydrate reservoir.
Step 5, mode II, using the gas hydrates in reservoir as a part of rock matrix preservation, and estimate
The velocity of longitudinal wave of reservoir rock under the mechanism.
Step 6, according to reservoir rock velocity of longitudinal wave obtained under mode II, and repeat step 3 ~ 4, calculate mechanism
The reservoir mechanics parameter of gas hydrates reservoir corresponding to II.
Step 7, the comparison calculated reservoir mechanics parameter of institute under two kinds of mechanisms, and reasonable value is taken therebetween
Using the reservoir mechanics parameter as final diagenesis gas hydrates reservoir.
In the above method, the step 2 includes the following steps:
Diagenesis gas hydrates are considered as void filler and preservation, according to each rock constituents of reservoir by step 2.1, modes I
The bulk modulus K of (not including gas hydrates)iG is calculated with modulus of shearingi, calculate the bulk modulus K of reservoir rocknWith cut
Shear modulu Gn。
Step 2.2, according to known hydrate concentration ShHole water saturation is calculated, reservoir rock is then calculated
Rock matrix under (not including gas hydrates) skeletal density, rock matrix Poisson's ratio, active porosity pressure, Critical porosity
Bulk modulus and modulus of shearing.
Step 2.3, according to calculated hole water saturation, the bulk modulus Kn of common rocks skeleton and modulus of shearing
Gn, under Critical porosity rock matrix bulk modulus KhmAnd shear modulus GhmCalculate the bulk modulus K of reservoir rockdryWith
Shear modulus Gdry。
Step 2.4, the bulk modulus K according to reservoir rockdryAnd shear modulus GdryCalculate diagenesis gas hydrates
The velocity of longitudinal wave V of reservoirplWith with shear wave velocity Vsl。
In above-mentioned method, the step 5, including
Step 5.1, the porosity for redefining pore-fluid.
Step 5.2 redefines rock matrix bulk modulus and modulus of shearing.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention:
The reservoir rock of diagenesis gas hydrates reservoir can be effectively predicted in this method in the insufficient situation of well-log information
P-and s-wave velocity and reservoir mechanics parameter;
By the occurrence status of diagenesis gas hydrates be divided into as void filler and preservation and as one of rock matrix
Divide and preservation both of which, calculates separately, reasonable value is taken after comparative analysis both of which acquired results, calculated result can be improved
Accuracy.
When carrying out longitudinal wave calculating, on the basis of Gassmann equation, Critical porosity and Hertz-Mindlin have been introduced
It is theoretical;When carrying out the estimation of reservoir mechanics parameter, according to calculated different velocity of longitudinal waves, joined using the mechanics of hydrate reservoir
Number calculates the mechanics parameter of the reservoir under different mechanisms from the relational expression of acoustic speed, and compares the calculating of both of which
As a result, to obtain final estimation result.The diagenesis gas hydrates reservoir mechanics parameter estimated based on the method with
Actual value is smaller compared to error.
It is multiple due to calculating during calculating diagenesis gas hydrates reservoir mechanics parameter using traditional logging methods
Miscellaneous, iteration is various, easily causes to calculate mistake.And computer compiler language can avoid heavy artificial calculating and unnecessary meter
Mistake is calculated, provides practicable tool to calculate reservoir mechanics parameter using this method.
The establishment of diagenesis gas hydrates reservoir mechanics parameter calculation procedure is based on traditional logging methods and calculates reservoir power
The principle of parameter is learned, considers the difference of diagenesis gas hydrates mechanism, and optimizes conventional logging data on this basis
Resulting velocity of longitudinal wave and reservoir mechanics parameter.The program is worked out using Visual Basic 6.0, in Windows7 system ring
It is compiled under border and runs success.The program specifically includes that modes I velocity of longitudinal wave and reservoir mechanics parameter computing module, mode II
Velocity of longitudinal wave and reservoir mechanics parameter computing module.It only need to be from Conventional Logs during reservoir mechanics parameter calculates
Research interval relevant rudimentary data are extracted, select corresponding mechanism type that can export the reservoir mechanics ginseng of the interval reservoir
Number.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is two kinds of mechanism schematic diagrames of hydrate proposed by the invention;
Fig. 2 is log of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is key step schematic diagram of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
All features disclosed in this specification or disclosed all methods or in the process the step of, in addition to mutually exclusive
Feature and/or step other than, can combine in any way.
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Embodiment
The present invention is suitable for reservoir formation density, drilling fluid density, porosity, hydrate concentration, rock constituents percentage
Than in known situation.
It is illustrated by taking the permafrost region diagenesis gas hydrates DK-1 well of the Qilian mountains as an example herein.Take DK-1 well 142.9m-
147.7m well section containing hydrate, the well section density of earth formations are 2.35g/cm3, drilling fluid density 1.22g/cm3, porosity is average
Value is 3.45%, and hydrate concentration average value is 74.58%, and rock constituents volume fraction is as shown in table 1.
1. DK-1 well rock constituents volume fraction table of table
Rock constituents | Quaternary sediment | Coal | Oil shale | Mud stone | Siltstone | Packsand | Middle sandstone | Gritstone |
Volume fraction, % | 2.63 | 7.87 | 5.43 | 15.18 | 48.42 | 14.93 | 0.82 | 4.72 |
Diagenesis gas hydrates are considered as void filler and preservation (modes I), calculate reservoir rock (not including hydrate)
Bulk modulus KnWith shear modulus Gn。
(37)
In formula: KnFor the bulk modulus of reservoir rock, MPa;GnFor the modulus of shearing of reservoir rock, MPa;KiFor i-th kind of component
Bulk modulus, MPa;GiFor the modulus of shearing of i-th kind of component, MPa;fiFor the volume fraction of i-th kind of rock constituents, %.
Determine the hole water saturation S of reservoirw。
(38)
In formula: SwFor hole water saturation, %;ShFor hydrate concentration, %.
According to formula (1) ~ (15), the p-and s-wave velocity of reservoir rock (not including hydrate) is calculated.
Calculate the overburden pressure of reservoir:
(39)
In formula, δvFor the overburden pressure of reservoir rock, MPa;ρ is density of earth formations, g/cm3;G is acceleration of gravity, 9.8m2/
s;H is depth of stratum, m.
Calculate drilling well liquid columnpressure:
(40)
In formula, PmFor drilling well liquid columnpressure, MPa;ρsFor drilling fluid density, g/cm3;G is acceleration of gravity;H is vertical well
It is deep, m.
According to (20) ~ (36) formula, the reservoir mechanics parameter of diagenesis gas hydrates reservoir under modes I is calculated.
Diagenesis gas hydrates are considered as to a part (mode II) of rock matrix, at this point, because in reservoir pore space only
There is water, so pore-fluid bulk modulus Kf=Kw, the porosity Φ of pore-fluid’Become:
φ’=φ(1-Sh) (41)
Meanwhile due to the presence of hydrate in rock matrix, the volume fraction of rock matrix each component will change, become:
Calculate the bulk modulus Kn ' and Gn ' of reservoir rock (including hydrate):
(44)
Kn' be reservoir rock (contain hydrate) bulk modulus, MPa;Gn' be reservoir rock (include hydrate) shearing mould
Amount, MPa;KiFor the bulk modulus of i-th kind of component, MPa;GiFor the modulus of shearing of i-th kind of component, MPa;fiFor i-th kind of rock group
The volume fraction divided, %.
Due in mode II hydrate as rock matrix a part and exist, only water in reservoir rock hole, institute
With hole water saturation S at this timew=1。
According to (1) ~ (15) formula, the p-and s-wave velocity of rock matrix (comprising hydrate) is calculated.
According to (20) ~ (36) formula, the reservoir mechanics parameter of diagenesis gas hydrates reservoir under mode II is calculated.
Contrastive pattern I and the calculated reservoir mechanics parameter of mode II, and take in the two reasonable value using as finally estimating
The reservoir mechanics parameter of calculation.
According to this method, by taking the permafrost region diagenesis gas hydrates DK-1 well 1427.-147.7m well section of the Qilian mountains as an example,
The calculated velocity of longitudinal wave of institute and reservoir mechanics parameter and final value are as shown in the table:
2. velocity of longitudinal wave estimated value of table
Mechanism | Velocity of longitudinal wave, km/s | Shear wave velocity, km/s |
Ⅰ | 4.34 | 2.54 |
Ⅱ | 4.36 | 2.56 |
End value | 4.35 | 2.55 |
3. reservoir mechanics parameter estimated value of table
Preservation mould Formula | Kinetic Youngs modulus, MPa | Static Young's modulus, MPa | Dynamic Poisson Than | Static Poisson Than | Bulk modulus, MPa | Shale contains Amount, % | Uniaxial tensile strength, MPa | Uniaxial compressive strength, MPa | Shearing strength, MPa | Cohesive force, MPa | It rubs in stratum Angle, ° |
Ⅰ | 37698 | 4321~4447 | 0.24 | 0.23 | 24083 | 0.23 | 16 | 201 | 17.5 | 17.5 | 30 |
Ⅱ | 38149 | 4366~4493 | 0.24 | 0.24 | 24298 | 0.22 | 16 | 201 | 17.6 | 17.7 | 30 |
End value | 37924 | 4406 | 0.24 | 0.24 | 24191 | 0.23 | 16 | 201 | 17.6 | 17.6 | 30 |
According to Qilian mountains permafrost region gas hydrates DK-1 well acoustic logging, available actual vertical rich speed is
3.9km/s -4.9km/s, according to the relational expression between acoustic speed and reservoir mechanics parameter, available actual reservoir power
It is as shown in the table to learn parameter:
Table 4. surveys reservoir p-and s-wave velocity and reservoir mechanics parameter
Kinetic Youngs modulus, MPa | Static Young's modulus, MPa | Dynamic Poisson's ratio | Static Poisson's ratio | Bulk modulus, MPa | Shale content, % |
29361~49106 | 3488~5616 | 0.28~0.22 | 0.24~0.25 | 20720~27243 | 0.59~0.80 |
Uniaxial tensile strength, MPa | Uniaxial compressive strength, MPa | Shearing strength, MPa | Cohesive force, MPa | Stratum internal friction angle, ° | |
17.3~37 | 207~377 | 14.1~37.2 | 15.6~37.3 | 31~13 |
By contrast table 2, table 3, table 4 it can be found that being compared using the velocity of longitudinal wave that prediction technique mentioned in this article is predicted
Reliably.For its reservoir mechanics parameter, the result estimated with the method is close with measured value or is in the same order of magnitude.
The above description is merely a specific embodiment, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any
Belong to those skilled in the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of, all answers
It is included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of method for predicting diagenesis gas hydrates reservoir mechanics parameter, which comprises the steps of:
Step 1, determine the hydrate reservoir predicted rock constituents, hydrate concentration, rock total body density, respectively according to
The reservoir mechanics parameter of mode I and mode II estimation gas hydrates reservoir;
Modes I, using the hydrate in reservoir as void filler preservation:
Step 2, estimation mechanism I under reservoir rock p-and s-wave velocity;
Step 3, the overburden pressure for determining wanted predicting reservoir, drilling well liquid columnpressure;
Step 4, according in step 2 the velocity of wave in length and breadth of diagenesis gas hydrates reservoir under calculated modes I occurrence condition
Identified overburden pressure, drilling well liquid columnpressure calculate the hydration of natural gas corresponding to mechanism I in degree and step 3
The reservoir mechanics parameter of object reservoir;
Mode II, using the gas hydrates in reservoir as a part of rock matrix preservation:
Step 5, estimation mechanism II under reservoir rock p-and s-wave velocity;
Step 6, according to reservoir rock p-and s-wave velocity obtained under mode II, and repeat step 3 ~ 4, calculate mechanism II
The reservoir mechanics parameter of corresponding gas hydrates reservoir;
Step 7, the comparison calculated reservoir mechanics parameter of institute at two kinds of mechanisms I and II, and take therebetween rationally
It is worth using the reservoir mechanics parameter as final diagenesis gas hydrates reservoir.
2. a kind of method for predicting diagenesis gas hydrates reservoir mechanics parameter according to claim 1, feature exist
In the step 2 includes the following steps:
Diagenesis gas hydrates are considered as void filler and preservation by step 2.1, (do not include according to each rock constituents of reservoir
Gas hydrates) bulk modulus KiG is calculated with modulus of shearingi, calculate the bulk modulus K of reservoir rocknWith modulus of shearing
Gn;
Step 2.2, according to known hydrate concentration ShHole water saturation is calculated, reservoir rock is then calculated and (does not wrap
Containing gas hydrates) skeletal density, rock matrix Poisson's ratio, active porosity pressure, under Critical porosity rock matrix body
Product module amount and modulus of shearing;
Step 2.3, according to calculated hole water saturation, the bulk modulus K of common rocks skeletonnAnd shear modulus Gn, it is critical
The bulk modulus K of rock matrix under porosityhmAnd shear modulus GhmCalculate the bulk modulus K of reservoir rockdryAnd shearing mould
Measure Gdry;
Step 2.4, the bulk modulus K according to reservoir rockdryAnd shear modulus GdryCalculate diagenesis gas hydrates reservoir
Velocity of longitudinal wave VplWith with shear wave velocity Vsl。
3. a kind of method for predicting diagenesis gas hydrates reservoir mechanics parameter according to claim 1 or 2, feature
It is, the step 5 includes redefining the porosity of pore-fluid and redefining rock matrix bulk modulus and shearing
The step of modulus.
4. a kind of method for predicting diagenesis gas hydrates reservoir mechanics parameter according to claim 2, feature exist
In the bulk modulus K of reservoir rocknWith shear modulus GnCalculation it is as follows:
Wherein, KiFor the bulk modulus of i-th kind of component;fiFor percentage by volume shared by i-th kind of rock constituents;GiFor i-th kind of component
Modulus of shearing.
5. a kind of method for predicting diagenesis gas hydrates reservoir mechanics parameter according to claim 1, feature exist
In the reasonable value in step 7 is the average value of lower calculated reservoir mechanics parameter of mode I and II.
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