CN109212031B - Train wheel flaw detection method - Google Patents
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
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Abstract
The invention discloses a train wheel flaw detection method, which comprises the following steps: s1, adsorbing the detection arm on the train body of the train; s2, tightly attaching the probe module to the detected wheel; s3, starting the high-pressure water pump, cleaning the wheels and providing coupling water for the probe module; s4, the probe module starts to detect; s5, the ultrasonic signal acquisition and processing module completes the processing and comparison of the ultrasonic signals of the wheel to be detected; and S6, completing the nondestructive detection of the wheel to be detected. The method is easy to operate, facilitates flaw detection of the train wheels on a field non-trench railway, and is simpler in operation method, more flexible in operation and low in equipment operation and maintenance requirements.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of train wheel flaw detection, and particularly relates to a train wheel flaw detection method.
Background
By 3 months in 2018, the operation mileage of the high-speed railway in China exceeds 2 ten thousand-5 kilometers, and accounts for two thirds of the total mileage of the high-speed railway in the world. The CRH and the renaission number of the high-speed motor train unit running on the high-speed railway are the main forces of trains in the current high-speed railway operation.
The wheel is a main part of a high-speed train running part and is an important link influencing the safe running of the train, so that the wheel pair needs to be subjected to flaw detection to determine whether the wheel has defects such as abrasion and the like, and support is provided for maintaining the wheel to a good technical state. Once the wheel is in fault, the running safety of the high-speed train is directly damaged, and even the occurrence of train derailment and train overturn accidents is caused.
The current nondestructive inspection methods adopted for the wheels are various, and the inspection is carried out by selecting a more appropriate nondestructive inspection method mainly according to the characteristics of defects of all parts of the wheels and the requirement of time inspection level. The simplest method in the aspect of utilizing the flaw detection tool is that a locomotive maintainer judges the defect condition of a wheel by knocking the wheel to generate sound, a portable flaw detector can also be used for carrying out on-site flaw detection and evaluation on the wheel, large-scale automatic flaw detection equipment can provide a more strict means for detecting the quality of the wheel, the method can be divided into two modes of on-line detection and wheel drop detection in the aspect of disassembling the detected wheel, and the method can be divided into two modes of static detection and dynamic detection in the aspect of running state of the detected wheel. The selected nondestructive inspection of the wheel mainly comprises a magnetic powder inspection method, an eddy current inspection method, a liquid penetration method, an ultrasonic inspection method and the like, wherein the magnetic powder and eddy current inspection method can only be used for inspecting the defects on the surface and the surface of the wheel, the liquid penetration method can only be used for inspecting the defects of the opening on the surface of the wheel, and the ultrasonic inspection method can be used for inspecting the defects in the wheel.
Chinese patent publication No. CN104198582A discloses a flaw detector for train wheelsets, which includes, as shown in fig. 1: two rim detection mechanisms 11, two axle detection mechanisms, a rotating wheel mechanism 15 and a portal frame 16; every axletree detection mechanism all includes axle journal detection mechanism 12, axle body detection mechanism 13 and axle head detection mechanism 14, wherein: the portal frames are fixed on two symmetrical sides of the concave workbench, and wheels to be detected and the rotating wheel mechanism can be placed in the concave workbench; two rim detection mechanisms and two axle detection mechanisms are arranged on a horizontal support of the portal frame, and the two rim detection mechanisms and the two axle detection mechanisms are symmetrical along a perpendicular bisector of an axial lead of a wheel to be detected; and two vertical supports of the portal frame are respectively provided with a shaft neck detection mechanism. In the train wheel set flaw detection device provided by the invention, the portal frame is simultaneously provided with the rim detection mechanism and the axle detection mechanism, so that the simultaneous flaw detection of the rim and the axle of the train wheel set can be realized, and the axle body detection mechanism 13 is taken as an example and comprises a base 131 arranged on a horizontal support of the portal frame and a probe support 132 vertically crossed with the base 131; taking the shaft end detection mechanism 14 as an example, the detection efficiency and accuracy of the detection mechanism are improved compared with the prior art that the detection mechanism comprises the base 141 arranged on the vertical support of the portal frame and the probe support 142 vertically crossed with the base 141.
Chinese patent No. CN207594992U discloses a flaw detection device for a self-transporting train wheel set, as shown in fig. 2, a jacking device jacks the whole device from a trench to above the ground; the telescopic shaft 3 extends out of two sides of the frame 1 and can be positioned at a specific length; the telescopic shaft 3 is provided with telescopic wheels 31, the telescopic wheels on the telescopic shaft in the trench move on a narrow equipment running rail in the trench and ascend to the ground, and the telescopic shaft moves on a train track; the top rotating wheel device 5 comprises a top rotating wheel 51 which can vertically move up and down and can extend out of the rack 1 upwards; the top rotating wheel 51 comprises two groups, each group is provided with two rotating rollers arranged in parallel, and the wheels of the train are rotated by the rotating rollers; the calibration block 7 is arranged on the rack 1; two ends of the synchronous rod are respectively provided with a top extending roller 23; when the flaw detection device of the wheel pair of the autorotation train moves to a level crossing and then is separated from a train track, the flaw detection device is driven to move by a ground device arranged at the bottom of the rack 1; wheels of the train are supported by the rotating rollers, and the rotating rollers drive the wheels to rotate when rotating, so that the wheels are separated from the track, and the wheels rotate to be detected by the detection device 6; adopt the utility model provides a device of detecting a flaw can accomplish above-mentioned and decline process automatically, accomplishes the process that gets into the trench or rise to ground from the trench, and the business turn over trench process does not all need appurtenance hoist and mount or lifting, makes the device of detecting a flaw can adapt to many trench detection demands.
However, the nondestructive testing devices in the prior art are complicated and inconvenient to use, and cannot be adapted to nondestructive testing of train wheels of various specifications, and a flaw detection method for train wheels needs to be provided.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a train wheel flaw detection method, which is simpler in operation method, more flexible in operation, and low in requirements for equipment operation and maintenance, and aims to overcome the defects in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a train wheel flaw detection method comprises the following steps:
s1, absorbing the powerful sucker of the detection arm on the train body close to the detected wheel after the train enters the detection line;
s2, the control module of the ground trolley clings the probe module to the detected wheel according to the positioning of the visual positioning module on the probe carrier unit on the detection arm;
s3, starting a high-pressure water pump on the ground trolley, detecting water mist sprayed by a high-pressure fine water mist nozzle on a probe carrier unit on the arm, cleaning wheels and providing coupling water for the probe module;
s4, the probe module starts to detect, an ultrasonic signal acquisition processing module on the ground trolley acquires and processes ultrasonic signals, and a high-speed train moves at a low speed of no more than 10 km/h in the detection process;
s5, completing the processing and comparison of the ultrasonic signals of the wheel to be detected by the ultrasonic signal acquisition processing module on the ground trolley;
and S6, after the detection is finished, the detection arm is moved away from the detected wheel, the detection arm is taken down, the nondestructive detection of the detected wheel is finished, and the next detected wheel is prepared to be detected.
Further, the step S2 further includes: the wheel tread probe module is tightly attached to the wheel tread, and the wheel rim inner side probe module is tightly attached to the wheel rim inner side face.
Further, the step S5 further includes: if the wheel is defective, a probe carrier unit (12) on the probing arm marks the defective position by an inkjet marking module.
In order to better realize the flaw detection of multiple train wheels, the invention also discloses a train wheel flaw detection device which comprises a detection arm, a ground trolley and a cable, water and air pipe combined pipeline, wherein the detection arm is a multi-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm, one end of the detection arm is provided with a vacuum strong sucking disc, the other end of the detection arm is a probe carrier unit, and the detection arm and the ground trolley are connected together through the cable, water and air pipe combined pipeline.
Furthermore, the powerful sucker is a vacuum powerful sucker or an electromagnetic powerful sucker.
Furthermore, a water tank, a high-pressure water pump assembly, a vacuum pump, a cable, water pipe and air pipe distributor, a control module and an ultrasonic signal acquisition and processing module are arranged on the ground trolley.
Further, the cable, the water pipe and the air pipe are retracted or released according to the use requirement by the cable, water pipe and air pipe retracting and releasing device.
Furthermore, the control module is connected with the high-pressure water pump assembly, the vacuum pump, the ultrasonic signal acquisition and processing module and the probe carrier unit.
Further, the probe carrier unit comprises a probe module, and the probe module is a combined module of a phased array ultrasonic probe and a conventional ultrasonic probe.
Furthermore, the probe module comprises a wheel tread probe module and a wheel rim inner side probe module.
Furthermore, the front end and the rear end of the probe module are provided with high-pressure fine water mist nozzles.
Furthermore, a high-pressure water pump in the high-pressure water pump assembly is placed in the water tank, and the high-pressure fine water mist nozzle is connected through a water pipe in the cable water pipe and air pipe combined pipeline.
Furthermore, the vacuum pump is connected with the high-pressure water mist nozzle through an air pipe in the cable water pipe and air pipe combined pipeline.
Furthermore, probes on the probe modules are all independently and elastically assembled.
Furthermore, an ultrasonic signal acquisition and processing module is arranged on the ground trolley, and the probe module and the ultrasonic signal acquisition and processing module are arranged on the ground trolley.
Furthermore, a storage device and a display device are arranged on the ground trolley, the storage device and the display device are both connected with a control module, and the control module is connected with the ultrasonic signal acquisition and processing module.
Furthermore, the ultrasonic signal acquisition processing module is connected with the detection base server through a wired or wireless network.
Furthermore, a visual positioning module and an ink jet marking module are arranged on the probe carrier unit.
Further, wheel tread probe module has 7 probes, including 4 phased array ultrasonic probe and 3 conventional supersound straight probe, wheel rim inboard probe module has 8 probes, including 2 phased array ultrasonic probe, 4 conventional supersound oblique probes, 2 conventional supersound straight probe.
Furthermore, the probes on the probe module are independently and elastically assembled, so that each probe on the probe module is ensured to be tightly attached to a wheel in the flaw detection process, and the probe module is suitable for wheels of different vehicle types.
Furthermore, the ultrasonic signal acquisition processing module on the ground trolley can be connected with the detection base server through a network, so that comparison with historical detection data and uploading of new detection data are facilitated.
Furthermore, in order to improve the precision of the probe for detecting the flaw in the wheel, water is selected as a coupling agent for the ultrasonic probe used for detecting the flaw.
Further, in order to better perform flaw detection on the wheel, the flaw detection device further comprises a pressure detection device A and a pressure detection device B; the pressure detection device A is arranged on the inner wall of an air pipe in the cable water pipe and air pipe combined pipeline and used for detecting air pressure PA in the air pipe; and the pressure detection device B is arranged on the inner wall of the water pipe in the cable water pipe and air pipe combined pipeline and used for detecting the water pressure PB in the water pipe. The pressure detection devices A, B are all connected with the control module. Surface impurities such as dust on the wheels of high-speed trains are first removed by water which is pressurized and includes a high-pressure air flow, and then the water serves as a couplant for ultrasonic flaw detection. The unit of the gas pressure here is in mpa.
Furthermore, the high-pressure gas in the gas pipe in the cable, water pipe and gas pipe combined pipeline is air or nitrogen.
Further, the mass m1 of the high-pressure gas in the unit volume (1L) of the air pipe in the cable-water-air pipe combined pipeline and the mass m2 of the high-pressure water flow in the unit volume (1L) of the water pipe satisfy m1/m2 ═ C; wherein C is a scale factor with a value range of (4.2-6.4) x 10-3. The mass unit here is in grams.
Further, the following relations are satisfied among the air pressure PA in the air pipe, the water pressure PB in the water pipe, the mass m1 of the high-pressure air in the air pipe, and the mass m2 of the high-pressure water flow in the water pipe in the cable-water-air pipe combined pipeline:
(PA·PB)1/2＝α·(m1·m2)1/3；
wherein alpha is an adjusting coefficient and the value range is 0.98-1.45.
The method for detecting the wheels of the high-speed train by using the high-speed train wheel flaw detection device comprises the following steps:
the train wheel flaw detection method provided by the invention has the advantages that various operations are easy to carry out, when the detected wheel is detected, the wheel does not need to be taken down from the train or lifted, so that the detection is easier to carry out, the whole equipment is small and exquisite and is convenient to move, and the flaw detection of the train wheel on a field non-trench railway is convenient.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the train wheel flaw detection method of the invention adopts the multi-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm, so the calibration time for the probe is short.
2. The train wheel flaw detection method adopts the water mist sprayed by the high-pressure water mist nozzle as coupling water, and has the advantages of uniform water spraying coupling, good coupling effect and obvious water saving effect.
3. According to the train wheel flaw detection method, the detection arm is a mechanical arm with a rectangular coordinate system, the visual positioning module is arranged on the arm, the probe is accurately positioned, and the train wheel flaw detection method can adapt to wheels with different diameters.
4. According to the train wheel flaw detection method, the detection arm is connected with the ground trolley through the cable, the water pipe and the air pipe, and the condition that the electric power is insufficient due to the fact that the arm is powered by the storage battery is avoided.
5. According to the train wheel flaw detection method, the detection arm adopts the high-strength sucker, so that the train body is not damaged, and the detection arm is easy to place.
6. According to the train wheel flaw detection method, the train wheels do not need to be lifted in the detection process, and the detection device and the detection steps are simplified.
7. The train wheel flaw detection method provided by the invention has the advantages that the equipment is easy to move, the equipment maintenance is not limited by space, and the maintenance is easy.
8. The train wheel flaw detection method simplifies the operation steps of the equipment and reduces the operation difficulty of the equipment.
9. The train wheel flaw detection method can bring the equipment to a line without a maintenance trench and a place without a wheel lifting condition to carry out nondestructive detection on the train wheels, greatly expands the space for detecting and detecting the wheels, and is not limited by places.
10. The train wheel flaw detection method removes surface impurities such as dust on the wheels of the high-speed train and improves the effect of the coupling agent used for ultrasonic flaw detection by setting the pressure and mass relation in unit volume between the air pipe in the cable-water-pipe-air pipe combined pipeline and the water pipe.
11. According to the train wheel flaw detection method, the relationship among the air pressure PA in the air pipe, the water pressure PB in the water pipe, the mass m1 of the high-pressure air in the air pipe and the mass m2 of the high-pressure water flow in the water pipe in the cable water pipe and air pipe combined pipeline is set, so that the flaw detection effect and the flaw detection precision are further improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a flaw detection device for a train wheel set in the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a prior art flaw detection apparatus for a wheel set of a self-moving train;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a train wheel flaw detection method of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-speed train wheel flaw detection device of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the wheel inspection device for high-speed train according to the invention
In the figure 3-5, 1-detecting arm, 2-ground trolley, 3-electric wire, water pipe and air pipe combined pipeline, 4-wheel, 11-vacuum strong suction cup, 12-probe carrier unit, 13-probe module and 14-high-pressure fine water mist nozzle.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 3, the wheel flaw detection method for the train comprises the following steps:
and S1, after the high-speed train enters the detection line, the worker operates to adsorb the vacuum powerful suction cup 11 of the detection arm on the train body close to the detected wheel 4.
S2, the control module of the ground trolley 2 clings the probe module 13 to the detected wheel 4 according to the positioning of the visual positioning module on the probe carrier unit 12 on the detection arm 1, wherein the wheel tread probe module clings to the wheel tread, and the wheel rim inner side probe module clings to the wheel rim inner side.
S3, after the probe module 13 is tightly attached to the detected wheel 4, the high-pressure water pump on the ground trolley is started, and the high-pressure fine water mist nozzle 14 on the probe carrier unit 12 on the detection arm 1 sprays water mist to provide coupling water for the probe module 13.
S4, the probe module 13 starts to detect, the ultrasonic signal acquisition processing module on the ground trolley 2 acquires and processes ultrasonic signals, and the high-speed train moves at a low speed not exceeding 10 km/h in the detection process.
S5, when the moving distance of the high-speed train is not more than 25 meters, the probe module 13 completes ultrasonic detection of a plurality of circles of the detected wheel 4, meanwhile, the ultrasonic signal acquisition processing module on the ground trolley completes processing and comparison of the ultrasonic signal of the detected wheel 4, and if a defect exists, the probe carrier unit 12 on the detection arm 1 can mark the position of the defect.
And S6, after the detection is finished, the detection arm 1 automatically leaves from the detected wheel 4, a worker introduces air into the vacuum strong suction cup 11, the detection arm 1 is taken down, the nondestructive detection of the detected wheel 4 is finished, and the next detected wheel 4 is ready to be detected.
In order to better realize the flaw detection of multiple train wheels, the invention also discloses a train wheel flaw detection device, as shown in fig. 4-5, the wheel flaw detection device comprises a detection arm 1 and a ground trolley 2, the detection arm 1 is a multi-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm, one end of the detection arm 1 is provided with a vacuum strong suction cup 11, the other end of the detection arm is provided with a probe carrier unit 12, the probe carrier unit 12 is provided with a probe module 13, the probe module 13 is a combined module of a phased array ultrasonic probe and a conventional ultrasonic probe, the probe module 13 comprises a wheel tread probe module and a wheel rim inner side probe module, the front end and the rear end of the probe module 13 are both provided with high-pressure fine water mist nozzles 14, the probe carrier unit 12 is provided with a visual positioning module and an ink jet marking module, the ground trolley 2 is provided with a water tank and a high-pressure, The device comprises a vacuum pump, a cable water pipe and air pipe retracting device, a control module and an ultrasonic signal acquisition and processing module, wherein the detection arm 1 and the ground trolley 2 are connected together through a cable water pipe and air pipe combined pipeline 3.
Wheel tread probe module has 7 probes, including 4 phased array ultrasonic probe and 3 conventional supersound straight probes, wheel rim inboard probe module has 8 probes, including 2 phased array ultrasonic probe, 4 conventional supersound oblique probes, 2 conventional supersound straight probes.
The probes on the probe module 13 are independently and elastically assembled, so that each probe on the probe module 13 is ensured to be tightly attached to a wheel in the flaw detection process, and the probe is suitable for wheels of different vehicle types.
The ultrasonic signal acquisition processing module on the ground trolley 2 is connected with the detection base server through a network, so that comparison with historical detection data and uploading of new detection data are facilitated.
In order to better perform flaw detection on the wheels of the high-speed train, the invention also discloses a detection method for performing flaw detection on the wheels of the high-speed train by using the flaw detection device for the wheels of the high-speed train, which comprises the following steps:
the wheel flaw detection device for the high-speed train has the functions of automatically detecting the defects of a rim, automatically detecting the defects of a spoke, automatically detecting the defects of a transition area between the rim and the spoke, being self-adaptive to the detection requirements of wheels with different diameters, completely adapting to the nondestructive detection of train wheels with different models, automatically generating a defect report, automatically drawing a defect distribution diagram, automatically marking the approximate position of the defect on the wheel, and having the functions of ultrasonic A scanning, B scanning and strip diagram display for rim and spoke flaw detection.
The invention discloses a high-speed train wheel flaw detection device which takes a phased array ultrasonic probe as a main part and a conventional ultrasonic probe as an auxiliary part, wherein the ultrasonic probes are distributed in a wheel tread area and a wheel rim inner side area, a probe module of the wheel tread area mainly detects various typical defects of a wheel rim and a wheel spoke part in a nondestructive mode, and a wheel rim inner side probe module mainly detects typical defects of radial and circumferential areas of the wheel rim, a wheel rim and the like in a nondestructive mode.
The wheel tread probe module has 7 probes, 2 groups of PC scanning modes are established by utilizing 4 phased array ultrasonic probes, meanwhile, the 4 phased array ultrasonic probes are utilized to realize PE mode scanning, namely, the 4 phased array ultrasonic probes are utilized to achieve the effect of 8 phased array ultrasonic probes, the size of a probe mechanism is reduced, and the flaw detection performance is improved.
The high-speed train is high in running speed, the spoke region, especially the brake disc mounting hole position is a stress concentration region, crack defects easily occur, circumferential, radial and axial defects possibly occurring in the spoke region are detected by scanning from the tread through the tread probe module, the circumferential defects of the spoke are detected by using a PC scanning mode established by a phased array ultrasonic probe, the circumferential defects below the spoke hole cannot be detected by the conventional ultrasonic probe, and the defects of the scanning mode of the conventional ultrasonic probe are overcome, so that the full-coverage scanning of the spoke region of the wheel is ensured.
In the device, under the condition of keeping ultrasonic hardware unchanged, an ultrasonic module automatically configures an electronic scanning and focusing rule, and 4 phased array ultrasonic probes of the wheel tread probe module are respectively configured into probes which independently work in the PE mode, so that the scanning of the internal defects of the wheel rim and the radial defects of the inner side and the outer side of the wheel spoke is realized.
The conventional ultrasonic probe is used for scanning the self-treading surface position to detect the wheel spoke and the deep circumferential and axial defects of the spoke, has the characteristics of wide coverage area and strong detection capability, and can effectively cover the deep area of the spoke.
By combining the probes, the advantages of phased array ultrasound are fully exerted, automatic configuration of a focusing rule can be completed by configuring software under the condition that hardware configuration of the ultrasonic probe is not changed, large-range continuous angle scanning is realized, and wheel rim and spoke areas can be effectively covered.
The control module on the ground trolley controls the movement of each system and the detection arm of the ground trolley, controls the supply of high-pressure water mist coupling water, controls the suction and the opening of the vacuum chuck, is controlled by the man-machine interactive touch control terminal, and also processes and displays the detection process, storage, analysis and ultrasonic flaw detection data of ultrasonic waves.
And the ultrasonic signal acquisition and processing module on the ground trolley is used for controlling the emission and the reception of the phased array ultrasonic signal and the conventional ultrasonic signal.
In order to better detect the flaw of the wheel, the flaw detection device further comprises a pressure detection device A and a pressure detection device B; the pressure detection device A is arranged on the inner wall of an air pipe in the cable water pipe and air pipe combined pipeline and used for detecting air pressure PA in the air pipe; and the pressure detection device B is arranged on the inner wall of the water pipe in the cable water pipe and air pipe combined pipeline and used for detecting the water pressure PB in the water pipe. The pressure detection devices A, B are all connected with the control module. Surface impurities such as dust on the wheels of high-speed trains are first removed by water which is pressurized and includes a high-pressure air flow, and then the water serves as a couplant for ultrasonic flaw detection. The unit of the gas pressure here is in mpa.
The high-pressure gas of the gas pipe in the cable water pipe and gas pipe combined pipeline is air or nitrogen.
The mass m1 of the unit volume (1L) of the high-pressure gas in the air pipe in the cable water pipe and air pipe combined pipeline and the mass m2 of the unit volume (1L) of the high-pressure water flow in the water pipe meet the condition that m1/m2 is C; wherein C is a scale factor with a value range of (4.2-6.4) x 10-3. The mass unit here is in grams.
The cable, water pipe and air pipe combined pipeline has the advantages that the following relations are satisfied among the air pressure PA in the air pipe, the water pressure PB in the water pipe, the mass m1 of the high-pressure air in the air pipe in unit volume and the mass m2 of the high-pressure water flow in the water pipe:
(PA·PB)1/2＝α·(m1·m2)1/3；
wherein alpha is an adjusting coefficient and the value range is 0.98-1.45.
Finally, the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and other modifications or equivalent substitutions made by the technical solutions of the present invention by those of ordinary skill in the art should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention as long as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A train wheel flaw detection method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the flaw detection method comprises the following steps:
s1, absorbing the powerful sucker (11) of the detection arm (1) on the train body close to the detected wheel after the train enters the detection line;
s2, the control module of the ground trolley (2) clings the probe module to the detected wheel according to the positioning of the visual positioning module on the probe carrier unit on the detection arm (1);
s3, starting a high-pressure water pump on the ground trolley, detecting water mist sprayed by a high-pressure fine water mist nozzle on a probe carrier unit on the arm, cleaning wheels and providing coupling water for the probe module;
s4, the probe module starts to detect, an ultrasonic signal acquisition processing module on the ground trolley acquires and processes ultrasonic signals, and a high-speed train moves at a low speed of no more than 10 km/h in the detection process;
s5, an ultrasonic signal acquisition processing module on the ground trolley (2) completes the processing and comparison work of the ultrasonic signals of the wheel to be detected;
s6, after the detection is finished, the detection arm (1) is moved away from the detected wheel, the detection arm (1) is taken down, the nondestructive detection of the detected wheel is finished, and the next detected wheel is ready to be detected;
the flaw detection method adopts a wheel flaw detection deviceThe flaw detection device comprises a detection arm, a ground trolley and a cable, water and pipe combined pipeline, wherein the detection arm is a multi-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm, one end of the detection arm is provided with a vacuum strong sucking disc, the other end of the detection arm is a probe carrier unit, and the detection arm and the ground trolley are connected together through the cable, water and pipe combined pipeline; the mass m1 of the unit volume (1L) of the high-pressure gas in the air pipe in the cable water pipe and air pipe combined pipeline and the mass m2 of the unit volume (1L) of the high-pressure water flow in the water pipe meet the condition that m1/m2 is C; wherein C is a scale factor with a value range of (4.2-6.4) x 10-3；
The cable, water pipe and air pipe combined pipeline has the advantages that the following relations are satisfied among the air pressure PA in the air pipe, the water pressure PB in the water pipe, the mass m1 of the high-pressure air in the air pipe in unit volume and the mass m2 of the high-pressure water flow in the water pipe:
(PA·PB)1/2＝α·(m1·m2)1/3；
wherein alpha is an adjusting coefficient and the value range is 0.98-1.45.
2. The train wheel flaw detection method according to claim 1, further comprising, in step S2: the wheel tread probe module is tightly attached to the wheel tread, and the wheel rim inner side probe module is tightly attached to the wheel rim inner side face.
3. The train wheel flaw detection method according to claim 1, further comprising, in step S5: if the wheel is defective, a probe carrier unit (12) on the probing arm marks the defective position by an inkjet marking module.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the powerful suction cup is a vacuum powerful suction cup or an electromagnetic powerful suction cup.
5. The train wheel flaw detection method according to claim 1, wherein the ground trolley is provided with a water tank, a high-pressure water pump assembly, a vacuum pump, a cable, water pipe and air pipe deploying and retracting device, a control module and an ultrasonic signal acquisition and processing module.
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