CN109207994A - Three sections of reciprocating laser cladding apparatus of one kind and method - Google Patents
Three sections of reciprocating laser cladding apparatus of one kind and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109207994A CN109207994A CN201811105830.5A CN201811105830A CN109207994A CN 109207994 A CN109207994 A CN 109207994A CN 201811105830 A CN201811105830 A CN 201811105830A CN 109207994 A CN109207994 A CN 109207994A
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- laser
- cladding
- melting coating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
Abstract
The present invention relates to Materialbearbeitung mit Laserlicht technical fields, disclose three sections of reciprocating laser cladding apparatus of one kind and method.Three sections of reciprocating laser cladding apparatus include laser melting coating head component, laser generator controller and powder feeder；It is also fixedly connected with the first transmission device in the laser melting coating head component, for driving laser melting coating head component to move reciprocatingly in the horizontal direction；The laser cladding apparatus further includes the second transmission device, for driving workpiece motion s.The device is by being arranged transmission device in laser melting coating head component, so that laser melting coating head component moves reciprocatingly in the horizontal direction, is effectively improved stomata, the seminess of cladding layer overlap joint junction, and the apparatus structure is simple.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Materialbearbeitung mit Laserlicht technical fields, fill more particularly, to a kind of three sections of reciprocating laser melting coatings
It sets and method.
Background technique
Laser melting and coating technique is the Typical Representative of laser surface treating technology, and a variety of conjunctions can be prepared on different metal matrix
Gold system coating or ceramic reinforced metal base composite layer, the metallic matrix after Laser Cladding Treatment have that coating is smooth, even tissue
The characteristics such as densification, the metallurgical bonding of layer base, property regulation amplitude broad, can significantly improve matrix surface hardness, anti-corrosion and wear-resisting property.
Laser melting and coating technique, in the preset metal powder of matrix surface, focuses laser beam irradiation using powdering or the method for powder feeding
The metal powder of matrix surface, the metal powder and matrix surface thin layer of focal position melt, and form certain shapes and big
Small molten bath is pressed desired trajectory when laser beam foucing with certain speed and is moved, the molten bath quick solidification after laser beam away, thus
One layer of metal coating with specific physical, chemistry or mechanical property in the inswept region cladding of matrix surface laser beam.
In traditional melting and coating process, to converge laser beam by the fixed lens group of central axes, along same central axes pair
The convergence for claiming the powder feeding runner of distribution to realize powder stream, laser beam and powder stream all converge on same axis.It is this traditional
The laser convergence focus and powder convergent point of coaxial cladding head are fixed, so that the place of two layers of overlap joint junction is due to energy
Phenomena such as amount is insufficient, and unmelted powder is more, is easy to appear stomata, crackle.
Summary of the invention
For the technical deficiency of laser cladding apparatus in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of novel three sections
Reciprocating laser cladding apparatus, the device is by being arranged transmission device in laser melting coating head component, so that laser melting coating head structure
Part moves reciprocatingly in the horizontal direction, is effectively improved stomata, the seminess of cladding layer overlap joint junction, and apparatus structure letter
It is single.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of three sections of reciprocating laser cladding methods, the laser melting coating steps of this method
Suddenly it is followed successively by laser preheating, laser melting coating and laser remolten, makes the uniformity of temperature profile of heat affected area, slackens temperature gradient, have
Effect reduces built-in thermal stress, and the microstructure of surface cladding layer obtained using this method is uniform, and internal porosity rate reduces, and the intensity of lap-joint obtains
To promotion.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of three sections of reciprocating laser cladding apparatus, including laser melting coating head component, laser generator controller and powder feeder；It is described
Laser generator controller is fixedly connected by laser transfer passage with laser melting coating head component, for generating laser beam and being delivered to
In laser melting coating head component, the powder feeder is connect with laser melting coating head component, and it is molten to be used for the spray feed into laser melting coating head component
Whiting end；
The laser melting coating head component include cladding head and with the light conducting cylinder that is fixed on above cladding head, set in the light conducting cylinder
Lens are equipped with, so that the laser beam focus that laser generator controller generates is on workpiece；It is also solid in the laser melting coating head component
Surely it is connected with the first transmission device, for driving the laser beam in laser melting coating head component to move reciprocatingly in the horizontal direction；
The laser cladding apparatus further includes the second transmission device, and second transmission device is for driving workpiece motion s.
Further, the top of the light conducting cylinder along the vertical direction is equipped with laser entrance, and the cladding head is along the vertical direction
Lower section be equipped with cladding mouth, the laser generator controller is connected by laser transfer passage with laser entrance.
Further, first transmission device is set to the side of laser melting coating head component, first transmission device
Including cam, baffle and push rod, one end of the push rod is fixedly connected with light conducting cylinder, the curved face contact of the other end and cam, institute
State the through-hole for being provided on baffle and passing through for push rod；First transmission device further includes spring, the spring one end with push away
Bar connection, the other end are connect with baffle.
Further, the push rod is in " T font ", and the push rod includes column and link block, the cross of " the T font "
It is link block to part, the vertical section of " the T font " is column；One end of the spring is fixedly connected with column, another
End is fixedly connected with baffle；One end of the link block is fixedly connected with light conducting cylinder, and the other end is fixedly connected with column.
Further, second transmission device includes fixed frame, and multiple guide rails, institute are arranged in parallel on the fixed frame
It states workpiece to be placed on guide rail, is connected with driving mechanism on the guide rail, for driving guide rail to drive workpiece motion s.
Further, the powder feeder is connect by powder feeding pipe with tube cell straight coupling, is additionally provided on the cladding head
Powder channel, the tube cell straight coupling are connect with powder channel entrance.
Further, gas source is also connected on the powder feeder, the gas source passes through gas path pipe and laser melting coating head structure
Part connection is additionally provided with air valve and gas nozzle, the gas nozzle and cladding head cooperate for providing protective gas on the gas path pipe
Connection, and the spray feed protective gas into cladding head.
Further, it is additionally provided with gas flowmeter on the gas path pipe, for controlling shield gas flow rate.
Further, protective glass is additionally provided in the light conducting cylinder, the protective glass is set to below lens.
A kind of laser cladding method using above-mentioned three sections of reciprocating laser cladding apparatus, comprising the following steps:
S1. will ready workpiece carry out mechanical grinding after clean up, fixation is stand-by on the table, while by cladding powder
High temperature drying dehydration is carried out, is put into powder feeder after cooling stand-by；
S2. the laser generator controller in laser cladding apparatus is opened, air valve is opened simultaneously, by laser beam focus in workpiece table
Face carries out the pre-heat treatment to workpiece；
S3. powder feeder is opened, and laser cladding powder therein is sent to the laser facula of workpiece surface, is started to workpiece table
Face carries out laser melting coating, while powder feeder is synchronous send laser cladding powder to mending at the laser facula of work-piece surface
It fills；
S4. to laser cladding process after, close powder feeder, adjust the technological parameter of laser beam, workpiece surface swashed
Light remelting；
S5. to laser re-melting process after close laser generator controller and air valve.
Laser cladding method provided by the invention can be applied to the different working environments such as point-type, line style or face type, wherein
Point-type, which refers to, carries out three melting and coating process in point, then moves again to next point and carries out three to melting and coating process, continue into
This process of row is mainly used in irregular and widget, line style and refers to that I point-blank carries out laser preheating, then at this
Laser melting coating is carried out on straight line, laser remolten is then carried out again, is mainly used in round piece and common irregular workpiece, face
Type is exactly on the basis of line style, its cladding width is very big, is mainly used in square cross.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
Three sections of reciprocating laser cladding apparatus provided by the invention are provided with transmission device in laser melting coating head component, so that swashing
Laser beam in light cladding head component moves reciprocatingly in the horizontal direction, the transmission device on cooperating platform, so that workpiece exists
It can be moved in cladding process, the incremental laser melting coating for completing entire workpiece surface is past compared with traditional cladding apparatus
Compound cladding apparatus can greatly be saved the cladding time, reduce the waste of expensive powder, improve cladding speed, cladding level light
Cleanliness is high.
Using the laser cladding method of three sections of reciprocating laser cladding apparatus of the invention, cooperate laser melting coating head component
It moves back and forth, so that two layers of overlap joint junction even tissue of cladding layer, surface quality is good, internal porosity rate is significantly reduced, and
The intensity of lap-joint is also greatly improved.
Point-type, line style and face type etc. can be respectively adopted no for workpiece of different shapes in laser cladding method of the invention
With laser melting coating means, when needing the finer irregular small articles of cladding, cladding is gone using point-type, when needing cladding
It is the shape of comparison rule, line style or face type cladding can be used；Method provided by the invention has a wide range of application, strong applicability.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is three sections of reciprocating laser cladding apparatus structural schematic diagrams of embodiment 1；
Fig. 2 is conventional laser cladding track schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is three sections of reciprocating laser melting coating track schematic diagrams of embodiment 1；
Fig. 4 is the reciprocating laser melting coating schematic diagram of three sections of point pattern of embodiment 1；
Fig. 5 is three sections of line style formula reciprocal laser melting coating schematic diagrames of embodiment 1；
Fig. 6 is three sections of face pattern reciprocal laser melting coating schematic diagrames of embodiment 1；
Wherein, 1- laser melting coating head component, 11- cladding head, 12- light conducting cylinder, 13- laser entrance, 14- cladding mouth, 2- laser hair
Raw controller, 21 laser transfer passages, 22- laser beam, 3- powder feeder, 31- powder feeding pipe, 32- tube cell straight coupling, 4- lens,
The first transmission device of 5-, 51- cam, 52- baffle, 53- push rod, 531- column, 532- link block, 54- spring, 6- gas source, 61-
Gas path pipe, 62- air valve, 63- gas nozzle, 64- gas flowmeter, 7- protective glass, the second transmission device of 8-, 81- fixed frame, 82-
Guide rail, 83- driving mechanism, 9- workpiece.
Specific embodiment
To facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the present invention is made below in conjunction with Figure of description and preferred embodiment more complete
Face meticulously describes, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments.
Unless otherwise defined, all technical terms used hereinafter and the normally understood meaning of those skilled in the art
It is identical.Technical term used herein is intended merely to the purpose of description specific embodiment, it is no intended to limit of the invention
Protection scope.
Unless otherwise specified, various raw material, reagent, the instrument and equipment etc. used in the present invention can pass through city
Field is commercially available or can be prepared by existing method.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, the present embodiment provides a kind of three sections of reciprocating laser cladding apparatus, including laser melting coating head component 1, laser
Generator controller 2 and powder feeder 3, laser generator controller 2 connect by the way that laser transfer passage 21 and laser melting coating head component 1 are fixed
It connects, for generating laser beam 22 and being delivered in laser melting coating head component 1 by laser transfer passage 21, powder feeder 3 and laser
Cladding head component 1 connects, for the spray feed cladding powder into laser melting coating head component 1.
Wherein, laser melting coating head component 1 includes cladding head 11 and the light conducting cylinder 12 for being fixed on 11 top of cladding head, leaded light
Lens 4 are provided in cylinder 12, so that laser beam 22 focuses on workpiece 9, are also fixedly connected with first in laser melting coating head component 1
Transmission device 5, for driving laser melting coating head component 1 to move reciprocatingly in the horizontal direction；Along the vertical direction upper of light conducting cylinder 12
Side is equipped with laser entrance 13, and the lower section of cladding head 11 along the vertical direction is equipped with cladding mouth 14, and laser generator controller 2 passes through laser
Transfer passage 21 is connected with laser entrance 13, and the laser beam 22 that laser generator controller 2 generates successively passes through laser transfer passage
21, then laser entrance 13, light conducting cylinder 12, cladding head 11 converge to 9 surface of workpiece by cladding mouth 14.
First transmission device 5 is set to the side of laser melting coating head component 1, and the first transmission device 5 includes cam 51, baffle
52 and push rod 53, one end of push rod 53 be fixedly connected with light conducting cylinder 12, the curved face contact of the other end and cam 51 is set on baffle 52
It is equipped with the through-hole passed through for push rod 53, push rod 53 can freely move back and forth under the drive of cam 51 along through-hole；First transmission dress
Setting 5 further includes spring 54, and one end of spring 54 is connect with push rod 53, and the other end is connect with baffle 52.The preferred push rod of the present embodiment
53 is T-shaped, and the push rod 53 in the present embodiment includes column 531 and link block 532, wherein the lateral part of " T font " is
The vertical section of link block 532, " T " font is column 531, and one end of spring 54 is fixedly connected with column 531, the other end and gear
Plate 52 is fixedly connected, and one end of link block 532 is fixedly connected with light conducting cylinder 12, and the other end is fixedly connected with column 531.
Powder feeder 3 is connect by powder feeding pipe 31 with tube cell straight coupling 32, is additionally provided with powder channel on cladding head 11
100, tube cell straight coupling 32 is connect with the entrance of powder channel 100.In order to preferably protect laser generator controller 2, this reality
The gas source 6 that conveying protective gas can be also connected on the powder feeder 3 of example is applied, gas source 6 passes through gas path pipe 61 and laser melting coating head
Component 1 connects, and is additionally provided with air valve 62 and gas nozzle 63 on gas path pipe 61, and gas nozzle 63 and the cooperation of cladding head 11 connect in the present embodiment
It connects, and the spray feed protective gas into cladding head 11, the protective gas in the present embodiment can be argon gas, play anti-oxidation and protection
The effect of laser head；External screw thread can be provided on gas nozzle 63, through-hole, setting in through-hole is arranged in the corresponding position of cladding head 11
Internal screw thread is connected by the screw-internal thread fit in the external screw thread and through-hole of gas nozzle 63.In order to preferably control protective gas
Flow can also be arranged gas flowmeter 64 in the present embodiment on gas path pipe 61, can accurately control according to actual needs
Shield gas flow rate processed.
The laser cladding apparatus of the present embodiment can also realize protection laser hair by the way that protective glass 7 is arranged in light conducting cylinder 12
The purpose of raw controller 2, and protective glass 7 is set to the lower section of lens 4.
The laser cladding apparatus of the present embodiment further includes the second transmission device 8, for driving workpiece 9 to move.The present embodiment
The second transmission device 8 provided is similar with conventional horizontal conveying belt, including fixed frame 81, is arranged in parallel on fixed frame 81 more
A guide rail 82 is connected with driving mechanism 83 on guide rail 82, for driving guide rail 82 that workpiece 9 is driven to move forward and backward.The present embodiment
Driving mechanism 83 is preferably motor, which can be the motor of service intermittent, passes through circuit design, specially motor
Intermittent duty circuit, production need to only set the time in practice can (motor intermittent duty circuit simultaneously clearly shows not in the drawings
Out, not representing it cannot be set as intermittent).
The conventional connection type such as bolt and nut can be used in described being fixedly connected in the present embodiment, therefore no longer superfluous herein
It states.
The course of work of three sections of reciprocating laser cladding apparatus of the present embodiment is as follows: with the curved surface of column and cam
When contact, under the promotion of cam, spring-compressed between column and baffle, push rod moves right with laser melting coating head component,
The hot spot that laser beam therein is formed is moved to right hand edge from workpiece surface left edge, in laser melting coating head component moving process
In, the motor in the second transmission device does not work, i.e., workpiece is remain stationary；After hot spot is moved to workpiece rightmost edges, motor is opened
Beginning work, the second transmission device drive workpiece to move forward a distance, meanwhile, as the disengaging of the curved surface of column and cam connects
Touching, spring slowly reset, and push rod is moved to the left under the action of the spring with laser melting coating head component, the light that laser beam therein is formed
Spot is moved to left edge from workpiece surface right hand edge, and after hot spot is moved to workpiece leftmost edge, the curved surface of column and cam is again
Start to contact；It repeats the above process until workpiece whole surface forms cladding layer, hot spot is in the track of workpiece surface such as Fig. 3 institute
Show, shows " it " font.
Conventional laser cladding track schematic diagram in comparison diagram 2, compared with traditional laser melting and coating process, offer of the invention
Three sections of reciprocating cladding apparatus can greatly save the cladding time, reduce the waste of expensive powder, improve cladding speed, melt
Coating face is highly polished.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment provides a kind of three sections of reciprocating laser cladding methods, comprising the following steps:
S1. will ready workpiece carry out mechanical grinding after clean up, fixation is stand-by on the table, while by cladding powder
High temperature drying dehydration is carried out, is put into powder feeder after cooling stand-by；
S2. the laser generator controller in laser cladding apparatus is opened, air valve is opened simultaneously, by laser beam focus in workpiece table
Face carries out the pre-heat treatment to workpiece；
S3. powder feeder is opened, and laser cladding powder therein is sent to the laser facula of workpiece surface, is started to workpiece table
Face carries out laser melting coating, while powder feeder is synchronous send laser cladding powder to mending at the laser facula of work-piece surface
It fills；
S4. to laser cladding process after, close powder feeder, adjust the technological parameter of laser beam, workpiece surface swashed
Light remelting；
S5. to laser re-melting process after close laser generator controller and air valve.
Point-type, line style and face type laser melting coating are carried out to different workpiece types using the method for the present embodiment, see Fig. 4 ~ 6
It is shown.
Reciprocating laser cladding apparatus it can be seen from Fig. 4 ~ 6 through the invention, in conjunction with three-stage laser of the invention
It is molten in different types of workpiece surface completion three-stage that point-type, line style and face type laser melting coating means are respectively adopted in cladding method
It covers so that two layers of overlap joint junction even tissue of cladding layer, surface quality is good, significantly reduces internal porosity rate, and lap-joint
Intensity is also greatly improved.
Obviously, above-described embodiment is only intended to clearly illustrate technical solution of the present invention example, and is not
Restriction to embodiments of the present invention.For those of ordinary skill in the art, on the basis of the above description also
It can make other variations or changes in different ways.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.It is all
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc. within the spirit and principles in the present invention should be included in right of the present invention and want
Within the protection scope asked.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of three sections of reciprocating laser cladding apparatus, which is characterized in that including laser melting coating head component, laser generator controller
And powder feeder；The laser generator controller is fixedly connected by laser transfer passage with laser melting coating head component, for generating
Laser beam is simultaneously delivered in laser melting coating head component, and the powder feeder is connect with laser melting coating head component, is used for laser melting coating
Spray feed cladding powder in head component；
The laser melting coating head component include cladding head and with the light conducting cylinder that is fixed on above cladding head, set in the light conducting cylinder
Lens are equipped with, so that the laser beam focus that laser generator controller generates is on workpiece；It is also solid in the laser melting coating head component
Surely it is connected with the first transmission device, for driving the laser beam in laser melting coating head component to move reciprocatingly in the horizontal direction；
The laser cladding apparatus further includes the second transmission device, for driving workpiece motion s.
2. three sections of reciprocating laser cladding apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the light conducting cylinder is along the vertical direction
Top be equipped with laser entrance, the lower section of the cladding head along the vertical direction is equipped with cladding mouth, and the laser generator controller is logical
Laser transfer passage is crossed to be connected with laser entrance.
3. three sections of reciprocating laser cladding apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the first transmission device setting
In the side of laser melting coating head component, first transmission device includes cam, baffle and push rod, one end of the push rod with lead
Light cylinder is fixedly connected, the curved face contact of the other end and cam, is provided with the through-hole passed through for push rod on the baffle；Described
One transmission device further includes spring, and the spring one end is connect with push rod, and the other end is connect with baffle.
4. three sections of reciprocating laser cladding apparatus according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the push rod is in " T font ", institute
Stating push rod includes column and link block, and the lateral part of " the T font " is link block, and the vertical section of " the T font " is
Column；One end of the spring is fixedly connected with column, and the other end is fixedly connected with baffle；One end of the link block and leaded light
Cylinder is fixedly connected, and the other end is fixedly connected with column.
5. three sections of reciprocating laser cladding apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that second transmission device includes
Fixed frame is arranged in parallel with multiple guide rails on the fixed frame, and the workpiece is placed on guide rail, and drive is connected on the guide rail
Motivation structure, for driving guide rail to drive workpiece motion s.
6. three sections of reciprocating laser cladding apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the powder feeder passes through powder feeding pipe
It is connect with tube cell straight coupling, powder channel is additionally provided on the cladding head, the tube cell straight coupling enters with powder channel
Mouth connection.
7. three sections of reciprocating laser cladding apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that be also connected on the powder feeder
Gas source, the gas source are connect by gas path pipe with laser melting coating head component, for providing protective gas, on the gas path pipe
It is additionally provided with air valve and gas nozzle, the gas nozzle and cladding head are cooperatively connected, and the spray feed protective gas into cladding head.
8. three sections of reciprocating laser cladding apparatus according to claim 7, which is characterized in that also set up on the gas path pipe
There is gas flowmeter, for controlling shield gas flow rate.
9. three sections of reciprocating laser cladding apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that be additionally provided in the light conducting cylinder
Protective glass, the protective glass are set to below lens.
10. a kind of laser cladding method using claim 1 ~ 9 three sections of reciprocating laser cladding apparatus, feature exist
In, comprising the following steps:
S1. will ready workpiece carry out mechanical grinding after clean up, fixation is stand-by on the table, while by cladding powder
High temperature drying dehydration is carried out, is put into powder feeder after cooling stand-by；
S2. the laser generator controller in laser cladding apparatus is opened, air valve is opened simultaneously, by laser beam focus in workpiece table
Face carries out the pre-heat treatment to workpiece；
S3. powder feeder is opened, and laser cladding powder therein is sent to the laser facula of workpiece surface, is started to workpiece table
Face carries out laser melting coating, while powder feeder is synchronous send laser cladding powder to mending at the laser facula of work-piece surface
It fills；
S4. to laser cladding process after, close powder feeder, adjust the technological parameter of laser beam, workpiece surface swashed
Light remelting；
S5. to laser re-melting process after close laser generator controller and air valve.
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| CN201811105830.5A CN109207994A (en) | 2018-09-21 | 2018-09-21 | Three sections of reciprocating laser cladding apparatus of one kind and method |
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