CN109197365A - A kind of method for cultivating seedlings of Hainan wind nanmu - Google Patents

A kind of method for cultivating seedlings of Hainan wind nanmu Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109197365A
CN109197365A CN201811380723.3A CN201811380723A CN109197365A CN 109197365 A CN109197365 A CN 109197365A CN 201811380723 A CN201811380723 A CN 201811380723A CN 109197365 A CN109197365 A CN 109197365A
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seedling
seed
nanmu
matrix
seedlings
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Inventor
何贵整
陈丽文
蔡林
梁刚
时群
樊东函
陈乃明
杨利平
李清香
陈乃健
张桂兰
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QINZHOU RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF FORESTRY
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QINZHOU RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF FORESTRY
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005Cultivation methods
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A01C1/08Immunising seed
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • A01C21/005Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00Botany in general
    • A01G7/06Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of method for cultivating seedlings of Hainan wind nanmu, include the following steps: step 1) seed treatment: after Hainan wind nanmu seed adopted back is removed crust and aril, it is put into clear water and cleans up, interior is placed in dry in the air to epidermis drying, then stand-by after draining with fenaminosulf or liquor potassic permanganate by seed immersion treatment;Step 2) matrix is equipped with: after carbonized rice husks and the peat soil sterilized are mixed thoroughly in proportion, being respectively charged into spare in seedling-growing container and Seedling bag;Step 3) sowing: the seed handled well being seeded in and has been already equipped in mixed-matrix seedling-growing container, is placed in shade and is cultivated, and is covered film and carried out moisturizing;The small transplantation of seedlings of step 4): as the small height of seedling 5cm that the seed for being seeded in seedling-growing container is grown, and when having the expansion of two true leaves, seedling is moved on in the Seedling bag being already equipped in mixed-matrix, water of drenching after transplanting is placed in negative canopy and is cultivated;It is managed and protected after step 5) transplanting.

Description

A kind of method for cultivating seedlings of Hainan wind nanmu
Technical field
The invention belongs to nursery stock sexual reproduction technique fields, are related to the method for culturing seedlings of Hainan wind nanmu, and in particular to a kind of The method for cultivating seedlings of Hainan wind nanmu.
Background technique
Hainan wind nanmu (Horsfieldia hainanensis Merr.) is that Myristicaceae wind Phoebe arbor fallen leaves are tall Wood is distributed in China Hainan, south Guangxi, south of Yunnan, is born in 400-450 meters of height above sea level of mountain valley, the dark and damp thick forest in hills, is National Top-rated protected wild plants, Chinese endemic plant.Hainan wind nanmu is a kind of extraordinary medicinal plant, bark and Leaf can treat infantile malnutrition, and civil steep in wine with its bark or leaf of the Li nationality can be used as the tonic that women enriches blood, invigorates blood circulation in postpartum, It is locally known as " celestial being's blood ", " blood tree ";Generally have from the alcohols in the ethereal oil extracted in its leaf and makes us emerging The harmonicity smell put forth energy and there are the characteristics such as anti-corruption, anti-filterable virus;Terpenoid have refresh oneself, antibacterial anti-inflammatory and town The effects of pain;Its seed oil content is high, and main fatty acid component is myristic acid and lauric acid.Wind nanmu seed oil is machine Tool lubricating oil increasing stick pour point depression dual-purpose additive, " win honour for tree " is known as in the special age, is also to provide lauric acid and nutmeg The important source material of acid has preferable value of exploiting and utilizing.Its timber cerise, can make noble furniture, and decoration, box timber etc. are used On the way, it grows very fast, can cultivate one of big-diameter wood and torrid areas fast-growing commerical tree species, and therefore, Hainan wind nanmu is a kind of With the energy, precious material and the multipurpose tree species such as medicinal.
Since wind nanmu resource in Hainan is considerably less, seed is rare, and it is endangered species that natural regeneration is difficult.Therefore, to Hainan wind It blows nanmu seeding and seedling raising technology to be studied, improves seed germination rate and nursery stock rate, explore a kind of effective Hainan wind nanmu Seeding growing seedlings method has great importance.
Currently, it is few to the research of Hainan wind nanmu nursery both at home and abroad, the seedling fostering of Hainan wind nanmu is reported, at present Only Qinzhou City's forestry scientific research carries out this research.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is establishing a kind of method for cultivating seedlings of Hainan wind nanmu, improves seed germination rate and nursery stock goes out Garden rate is solved the problems, such as since germ plasm resource is few, seed seldom causes breeding difficult.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of method for cultivating seedlings of Hainan wind nanmu, including seed treatment, the outfit of matrix, sowing, small transplantation of seedlings, shifting The step of managing and protecting after cultivation specifically comprises the following steps:
Step 1) seed treatment: it after Hainan wind nanmu seed adopted back is removed crust and aril, is put into clear water clear Wash clean is placed in interior and dries in the air to epidermis drying, then uses fenaminosulf or liquor potassic permanganate by seed immersion treatment, after draining For use;
Step 2) matrix is equipped with: after carbonized rice husks and the peat soil sterilized are mixed thoroughly in proportion, being respectively charged into seedling-growing container With it is spare in Seedling bag;
Step 3) sowing: the seed handled well is seeded in and has been already equipped in mixed-matrix seedling-growing container, shade is placed in It is inside cultivated, and covers film and carry out moisturizing, and observe the humidity of matrix daily;
The small transplantation of seedlings of step 4): as the small height of seedling 5cm that the seed for being seeded in seedling-growing container is grown, and there are two true leaf expansion When, seedling is moved on in the Seedling bag being already equipped in mixed-matrix, water of drenching after transplanting is placed in negative canopy and is cultivated;
It is managed and protected after step 5) transplanting:
Daily water drenching after small transplantation of seedlings keeps seedling medium wet, it is ensured that seedling survives;
10 days after transplanting, seedling all goes out new root, carries out first time fertilising at this time, and fertilising is primary weekly, and with seedling It grows up and increases fertilising concentration;
Pay attention to the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, periodically sprays;
Cleaning dead leaf, dead leaf and weeds in time, keep nursery sanitation and hygiene, reduce germ and breed, and guarantee nursery stock health Growth.
It is with fenaminosulf or height with fenaminosulf or liquor potassic permanganate by seed immersion treatment described in step 1) of the present invention For potassium manganate solution by seed immersion treatment, fenaminosulf concentration is 800 times of liquid, and liquor potassic permanganate is 1.5 ‰, soaking time 5- 10 minutes.
Matrix described in step 2) is equipped with, and the carbonized rice husks and the peat soil sterilized are according to volume in proportion Ratio, carbonized rice husks+peat soil is 3:1, carbonized rice husks+peat soil is 1:3.
Seedling-growing container specification described in step 2) are as follows: length × width × height=50 × 30 × 7cm, Seedling bag specification are as follows: long × wide =18 × 25cm.
The humidity of daily observation matrix described in step 3), is half dry and wet.
It is managed and protected after the step 5) transplanting, is:
Daily water drenching after small transplantation of seedlings keeps seedling medium wet, it is ensured that seedling survives;
10 days after transplanting, seedling all goes out new root, carries out first time fertilising at this time, and the fertilizer used that applies fertilizer for the first time is N:P:K For the compound fertilizer of Finland or compound fertilizer of Denmark of 15:15:15, fertilising requires to follow the principle of " a small amount of multiple ", and fertilising is primary weekly, And increasing fertilising concentration with growing up for seedling, the concentration of top dressing is the rich water solution of 0.3-0.5%;
Pay attention to the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, periodically spray, carries out pest control with 90% metrifonate, 1500 times of liquid sprinklings, use first 1000 times of liquid progress diseases prevention processing of base thiophanate, carbendazim, octicin solution;
Cleaning dead leaf, dead leaf and weeds in time, keep nursery sanitation and hygiene, reduce germ and breed, and guarantee nursery stock health Growth.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantage that
1, in the prior art, sowing average germination rate is 91.6%, sows average germination rate using the method for the present invention and reaches 98.6%, the germination rate than the prior art improves 7%.
2, it in the prior art, transplants in seedling culture, seedling growth is poor, and leaf color is partially yellow, and the outplanting rate for seedling of afforesting is 92.1%;Using in the small transplantation of seedlings culture of the method for the present invention, seedling robust growth, leaf color are dark green, and semi-annual height of seedling is 56.5cm, the height of seedling than the same seedling age of the prior art have been higher by 7cm, and the seedling outplanting rate that can afforest is up to 98.0%, compare the prior art It has been higher by 5.9%.
Specific embodiment
With embodiment, the invention will be further described below, but the invention is not limited to these embodiments.
Embodiment 1:
1, it seed treatment: after Hainan wind nanmu seed adopted back is removed crust and aril, is put into clean in clear water and do Only, interior is placed in dry in the air, it is slightly dry all right to epidermis, fenaminosulf is then used, concentration is 800 times of liquid, by seed immersion treatment, Soaking time is 5 minutes, stand-by after draining;
2, matrix is equipped with: according to seeding and seedling raising needs, in proportion by the husk after carbonization and the peat soil sterilized After mixing thoroughly, it is respectively charged into spare in seedling-growing container and Seedling bag;
3, it sows: the seed handled well is seeded in the mixed-matrix (carbonized rice husks: peat soil=3:1) being already equipped with In (seedling-growing container), be placed in shade and cultivated, and cover film and carry out moisturizing, and observe the humidity of matrix daily, with half Dry and wet is preferably;
4, small transplantation of seedlings: when the small height of seedling about 5cm or so that the seed for being seeded in seedling-growing container is grown, and there are two true leaf expansion When, so that it may seedling is moved on in the mixed-matrix (carbonized rice husks: peat soil=1:3) being already equipped with (Seedling bag), after transplanting It drenches water, is placed in negative canopy and is cultivated;
5, manage and protect after transplanting: daily water drenching after small transplantation of seedlings keeps seedling medium wet, it is ensured that seedling survives;
10 days after transplanting, seedling all goes out new root, carries out first time fertilising at this time, and the fertilizer used that applies fertilizer for the first time is N:P:K For the compound fertilizer of Finland or compound fertilizer of Denmark of 15:15:15, fertilising requires to follow the principle of " a small amount of multiple ", and fertilising is primary weekly, And increasing fertilising concentration with growing up for seedling, the concentration of top dressing is the rich water solution of 0.3-0.5%;
Pay attention to the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, periodically spray, carries out pest control with 90% metrifonate, 1500 times of liquid sprinklings, use first 1000 times of liquid progress diseases prevention processing of base thiophanate, carbendazim, octicin solution;
Cleaning dead leaf, dead leaf and weeds in time, keep nursery sanitation and hygiene, reduce germ and breed, and guarantee nursery stock health Growth.
Embodiment 2:
1, it seed treatment: after Hainan wind nanmu seed adopted back is removed crust and aril, is put into clean in clear water and do Only, interior is placed in dry in the air, it is slightly dry all right to epidermis, then seed immersion treatment is impregnated with 1.5 ‰ liquor potassic permanganates Time is 10 minutes, stand-by after draining;
2, matrix is equipped with: according to seeding and seedling raising needs, in proportion by the husk after carbonization and the peat soil sterilized After mixing thoroughly, it is respectively charged into spare in seedling-growing container and Seedling bag;
3, it sows: the seed handled well is seeded in the mixed-matrix (carbonized rice husks: peat soil=3:1) being already equipped with In (seedling-growing container), be placed in shade and cultivated, and cover film and carry out moisturizing, and observe the humidity of matrix daily, with half Dry and wet is preferably;
4, small transplantation of seedlings: when the small height of seedling about 5cm or so that the seed for being seeded in seedling-growing container is grown, and there are two true leaf expansion When, so that it may seedling is moved on in the mixed-matrix (carbonized rice husks: peat soil=1:3) being already equipped with (Seedling bag), after transplanting It drenches water, is placed in negative canopy and is cultivated;
5, manage and protect after transplanting: daily water drenching after small transplantation of seedlings keeps seedling medium wet, it is ensured that seedling survives;
10 days after transplanting, seedling all goes out new root, carries out first time fertilising at this time, and the fertilizer used that applies fertilizer for the first time is N:P:K For the compound fertilizer of Finland or compound fertilizer of Denmark of 15:15:15, fertilising requires to follow the principle of " a small amount of multiple ", and fertilising is primary weekly, And increasing fertilising concentration with growing up for seedling, the concentration of top dressing is the rich water solution of 0.3-0.5%;
Pay attention to the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, periodically spray, carries out pest control with 90% metrifonate, 1500 times of liquid sprinklings, use first 1000 times of liquid progress diseases prevention processing of base thiophanate, carbendazim, octicin solution;
Cleaning dead leaf, dead leaf and weeds in time, keep nursery sanitation and hygiene, reduce germ and breed, and guarantee nursery stock health Growth.
Embodiment 3:
1, it seed treatment: after Hainan wind nanmu seed adopted back is removed crust and aril, is put into clean in clear water and do Only, interior is placed in dry in the air, it is slightly dry all right to epidermis, fenaminosulf is then used, concentration is 800 times of liquid, by seed immersion treatment, Soaking time is 8 minutes, stand-by after draining;
2, matrix is equipped with: according to seeding and seedling raising needs, in proportion by the husk after carbonization and the peat soil sterilized After mixing thoroughly, it is respectively charged into spare in seedling-growing container and Seedling bag;
3, it sows: the seed handled well is seeded in the mixed-matrix (carbonized rice husks: peat soil=3:1) being already equipped with In (seedling-growing container), be placed in shade and cultivated, and cover film and carry out moisturizing, and observe the humidity of matrix daily, with half Dry and wet is preferably;
4, small transplantation of seedlings: when the small height of seedling about 5cm or so that the seed for being seeded in seedling-growing container is grown, and there are two true leaf expansion When, so that it may seedling is moved on in the mixed-matrix (carbonized rice husks: peat soil=1:3) being already equipped with (Seedling bag), after transplanting It drenches water, is placed in negative canopy and is cultivated;
5, manage and protect after transplanting: daily water drenching after small transplantation of seedlings keeps seedling medium wet, it is ensured that seedling survives;
10 days after transplanting, seedling all goes out new root, carries out first time fertilising at this time, and the fertilizer used that applies fertilizer for the first time is N:P:K For the compound fertilizer of Finland or compound fertilizer of Denmark of 15:15:15, fertilising requires to follow the principle of " a small amount of multiple ", and fertilising is primary weekly, And increasing fertilising concentration with growing up for seedling, the concentration of top dressing is the rich water solution of 0.3-0.5%;
Pay attention to the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, periodically spray, carries out pest control with 90% metrifonate, 1500 times of liquid sprinklings, use first 1000 times of liquid progress diseases prevention processing of base thiophanate, carbendazim, octicin solution;
Cleaning dead leaf, dead leaf and weeds in time, keep nursery sanitation and hygiene, reduce germ and breed, and guarantee nursery stock health Growth.
By above embodiments to Hainan wind nanmu seeding and seedling raising, seedling from seed can be successfully cultivated, seed goes out Seedling rate is up to 98.6%, after being transplanted to Seedling bag, approximately passes through cultivation in 6 months, seedling average height of seedling reaches 56.5cm or more, average Can outplanting rate reach 98.0% or more.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of method for cultivating seedlings of Hainan wind nanmu, it is characterised in that: including the seed treatment, outfit of matrix, sowing, small The step of managing and protecting after transplantation of seedlings, transplanting, specifically comprises the following steps:
Step 1) seed treatment: it after Hainan wind nanmu seed adopted back is removed crust and aril, is put into clean in clear water and do Only, be placed in interior dry in the air it is dry to epidermis, then with fenaminosulf or liquor potassic permanganate by seed immersion treatment, after draining to With;
Step 2) matrix is equipped with: after carbonized rice husks and the peat soil sterilized are mixed thoroughly in proportion, being respectively charged into seedling-growing container and is educated It is spare in seedling bag;
Step 3) sowing: the seed handled well being seeded in and has been already equipped in mixed-matrix seedling-growing container, be placed in shade into Row culture, and cover film and carry out moisturizing, and observe the humidity of matrix daily;
The small transplantation of seedlings of step 4):, will as the small height of seedling 5cm that the seed for being seeded in seedling-growing container is grown, and when having the expansion of two true leaves Seedling moves on in the Seedling bag being already equipped in mixed-matrix, and water of drenching after transplanting is placed in negative canopy and is cultivated;
It is managed and protected after step 5) transplanting:
Daily water drenching after small transplantation of seedlings keeps seedling medium wet, it is ensured that seedling survives;
10 days after transplanting, seedling all goes out new root, carries out first time fertilising at this time, and fertilising is primary weekly, and growing up with seedling And increase fertilising concentration;
Pay attention to the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, periodically sprays;
Cleaning dead leaf, dead leaf and weeds in time, keep nursery sanitation and hygiene, reduce germ and breed, guarantee nursery stock healthy growth.
2. a kind of method for cultivating seedlings of Hainan wind nanmu according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described in step 1) It is with fenaminosulf or liquor potassic permanganate by seed immersion treatment with fenaminosulf or liquor potassic permanganate by seed immersion treatment, Fenaminosulf concentration is 800 times of liquid, and liquor potassic permanganate is 1.5 ‰, and soaking time is 5-10 minutes.
3. a kind of method for cultivating seedlings of Hainan wind nanmu according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described in step 2) Matrix is equipped with, and the carbonized rice husks and the peat soil sterilized are according to volume ratio, carbonized rice husks+peat soil in proportion It is 1:3 for 3:1, carbonized rice husks+peat soil.
4. a kind of method for cultivating seedlings of Hainan wind nanmu according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described in step 2) Seedling-growing container specification are as follows: length × width × height=50 × 30 × 7cm, Seedling bag specification are as follows: length × wide=18 × 25cm.
5. a kind of method for cultivating seedlings of Hainan wind nanmu according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described in step 3) The humidity of observation matrix daily, is half dry and wet.
6. a kind of method for cultivating seedlings of Hainan wind nanmu according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step 5) shifting It is managed and protected after cultivation, is:
Daily water drenching after small transplantation of seedlings keeps seedling medium wet, it is ensured that seedling survives;
10 days after transplanting, seedling all goes out new root, carries out first time fertilising at this time, and it is 15 that the fertilizer used that applies fertilizer for the first time, which is N:P:K: The compound fertilizer of Finland or compound fertilizer of Denmark of 15:15, fertilising require to follow the principle of " a small amount of multiple ", and fertilising is primary weekly, and with Growing up for seedling and increase fertilising concentration, the concentration of top dressing is the rich water solution of 0.3-0.5%;
Pay attention to the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, periodically spray, pest control is carried out with 90% metrifonate, 1500 times of liquid sprinklings, with methyl support 1000 times of liquid progress diseases prevention processing of cloth saliva, carbendazim, octicin solution;
Cleaning dead leaf, dead leaf and weeds in time, keep nursery sanitation and hygiene, reduce germ and breed, guarantee nursery stock healthy growth.
CN201811380723.3A 2018-11-20 2018-11-20 A kind of method for cultivating seedlings of Hainan wind nanmu Pending CN109197365A (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102165904A (en) * 2011-01-06 2011-08-31 浙江农林大学 Method for producing water-retaining lightweight degraded nutritional block for cultivation of tidal marsh forestation seedlings
CN104521494A (en) * 2014-12-16 2015-04-22 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 Light matrix seedling method for eucalpytus dunnii
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Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102165904A (en) * 2011-01-06 2011-08-31 浙江农林大学 Method for producing water-retaining lightweight degraded nutritional block for cultivation of tidal marsh forestation seedlings
CN104521494A (en) * 2014-12-16 2015-04-22 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 Light matrix seedling method for eucalpytus dunnii
CN105052482A (en) * 2015-08-06 2015-11-18 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 Sowing and seedling raising method of horsfieldia plants without injuring roots
CN107094576A (en) * 2017-05-31 2017-08-29 恩施土家族苗族自治州林科所 A kind of efficiently breeding sequoia sempervirens cuttage seedling-growing method

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