CN109191571B - Method for preparing mechanical test standard aggregate by applying 3D printing technology - Google Patents
Method for preparing mechanical test standard aggregate by applying 3D printing technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN109191571B CN109191571B CN201811160832.4A CN201811160832A CN109191571B CN 109191571 B CN109191571 B CN 109191571B CN 201811160832 A CN201811160832 A CN 201811160832A CN 109191571 B CN109191571 B CN 109191571B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T17/00—Three dimensional [3D] modelling, e.g. data description of 3D objects
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/386—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
- G06F30/13—Architectural design, e.g. computer-aided architectural design [CAAD] related to design of buildings, bridges, landscapes, production plants or roads
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
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- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing a mechanical test standard aggregate by applying a 3D printing technology, which comprises the following steps: (1) Acquiring aggregate contours by using 3D imaging equipment, calculating the shape, edge angle and texture parameters of the aggregate, and counting the distribution rule of the aggregate; (2) Expanding the three-dimensional outline of the aggregate particles by using spherical harmonics, and establishing correlations between parameters and shape, edges and angles and texture parameters after spherical harmonics coefficients or coefficient combinations; (3) Determining parameters of spherical harmonic coefficients or coefficient recombination according to target shapes, edges and angles and texture parameters of the aggregates, and reversely generating digital virtual aggregates by adopting a computer algorithm; (4) Digitally screening the virtual aggregate and generating a desired virtual 3D aggregate population; and (5) performing 3D printing to obtain aggregate particles. According to the invention, the digital model is reversely generated and 3D printing is carried out through the target geometric form parameters of the aggregate, so that quantitative research on the influence of the morphological parameters on the mechanical properties of the granular stacking material can be realized, and meanwhile, experimental errors can be reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of civil engineering 3D printing, and particularly relates to a method for preparing a mechanical test standard aggregate by applying a 3D printing technology.
Background
Particulate stacking materials, such as rock soil, railway ballasts, concrete and the like, are main research objects in the fields related to civil engineering, the engineering mechanical behavior of the particulate stacking materials is greatly influenced by the grading and geometric characteristics of aggregate particles, wherein the geometric forms of the aggregate particles mainly comprise three aspects of shapes, edges and angles and textures, but the properties of the three aspects are difficult to separate by interweaving in natural aggregate particles and aggregate processed by a stone field, so that the influence of factors of one aspect of the aggregate form on the mechanical properties of the particulate stacking materials is difficult to independently study.
The existing 3D imaging and 3D reconstruction technology only reproduces the geometric shape of the aggregate, and the aim of independently controlling the geometric shape characteristics of the aggregate cannot be achieved. Therefore, the invention provides a standard aggregate 3D printing method for mechanical tests. The method can realize independent control of the geometric form characteristics of aggregate and study the influence of the aggregate on the mechanical behavior of the granular stacking material, and simultaneously can reduce experimental errors by utilizing the repeatability advantage of 3D printing, thereby providing support for stone processing technology optimization, granular material optimization design and granular stacking material mechanical behavior analysis.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method for preparing a mechanical test standard aggregate by applying a 3D printing technology aiming at the defects in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for preparing a mechanical test standard aggregate by applying a 3D printing technology, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Screening the particle materials used for the mechanical test piece to be molded step by step, acquiring the three-dimensional profile of each grade of aggregate by using 3D imaging equipment, calculating the shape, the edge angle and the texture parameters of the aggregate, and counting the distribution rule of the aggregate;
(2) Using spherical harmonics to carry out series expansion on the three-dimensional profile of each grade of aggregate particles, analyzing the statistical distribution rule of the spherical harmonics coefficients or the parameters after the coefficient combination, and establishing the correlation between the coefficients or the parameters and the aggregate shape, the edges and the texture parameters determined in the step (1);
(3) Determining a statistical distribution rule of spherical harmonic function coefficients or parameters after coefficient combination according to the aggregate target shape, the edges and corners and texture parameters or parameter statistical distribution rules, and reversely generating digital virtual aggregates by adopting a computer algorithm;
(4) Carrying out digital screening on the digital virtual aggregate through a digital screening algorithm, determining the particle size of the digital virtual aggregate, and generating a virtual 3D aggregate group according to a target grading curve required by a test on the basis of the particle size;
(5) And printing by using a 3D printer and printing materials according to the digital three-dimensional model of the virtual 3D aggregate to obtain the required aggregate particles.
Further, in the step (1), the shape, the edge angle and the texture parameters of the aggregate comprise sphericity and other indexes capable of evaluating the geometric morphological characteristics of the aggregate.
Further, in the step (1), the 3D imaging device adopts a device with a 3D forming function, including a 3D scanner and a CT tomography scanner.
Further, in the step (3), the computer algorithm adopts an algorithm for reversely generating the digital virtual aggregate according to the aggregate target shape, the edge angle and texture parameters, the spherical harmonic function coefficient or the statistical distribution rule of the parameters after the coefficient combination, and the algorithm comprises a Monte Carlo algorithm.
Further, in step (4), the digital screening algorithm adopts a computer algorithm capable of determining the digital virtual aggregate particle size, including a minimum bounding box algorithm.
Further, in the step (5), the printing material includes a material that can be used for 3D printing, such as resin, engineering plastic, and the like.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the three-dimensional outline of each grade of aggregate is obtained by using 3D imaging equipment, the shape, the edge angle and the texture parameters of the aggregate are calculated, and the distribution rule is counted, so that the reversely generated digital virtual aggregate and the real aggregate have higher geometric similarity.
2. The geometrical morphology characteristics of the aggregate in the aspects of shape, edge angle and texture can be independently controlled, and a virtual aggregate 3D model can be reversely generated according to the geometrical morphology characteristics of the aggregate, so that the influence of the geometrical morphology characteristics of the aggregate on the mechanical behavior of the particulate stacking material is independently researched.
3. The digital virtual aggregate can be subjected to virtual screening after being generated, and the workload of screening after 3D printing is avoided.
4. 3D printing can repeatedly print a large amount of aggregate with the same grading and geometric shape characteristics in batches, and the purpose of reducing the variability of the mechanical property test of the granular stacking material can be achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the gradation used for reverse generation of digital virtual aggregate.
Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of virtually created and screened aggregate particles.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and may be performed with reference to conventional techniques for process parameters that are not specifically noted.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for preparing a mechanical test standard aggregate by applying a 3D printing technology comprises the following steps:
(1) Screening the granular materials used for the molding mechanical test piece step by step, acquiring the three-dimensional profile of each grade of aggregate by using a 3D scanner, calculating the shape, the edge angle and the texture parameters of the aggregate, and counting the distribution rule of the aggregate;
(2) And (3) performing series expansion on the three-dimensional profile of each grade of aggregate particles by using spherical harmonics, analyzing the statistical distribution rule of the spherical harmonics coefficients or the parameters after coefficient combination, wherein the spherical harmonics expansion of the closed curved surface is shown in the following formula 1, and the spherical harmonics expression is shown in the following formula 2. Establishing expansion coefficientsOr the interrelationship of combinations thereof with aggregate shape, angle and texture parameters;
wherein: r-vector meridian under spherical coordinates of a closed curved surface;
θ、zenith angle and azimuth angle under spherical coordinates;
n, m—the order of the harmonic expansion, the number of times (30 for this example);
-a spherical harmonic expansion coefficient;
-associating legendre polynomials;
(3) Determining the expansion coefficient of the spherical harmonic function of the 3D profile of the aggregate according to the shape, the edge angle and the texture parameters of the aggregate, and reversely generating a digital virtual aggregate by adopting a Monte Carlo algorithm;
(4) The digital virtual aggregate is subjected to digital screening by using a minimum bounding box algorithm to determine the particle size of the digital virtual aggregate, and the process is circulated to generate a digital virtual aggregate particle group of a grading curve shown in the following figure 2, wherein a certain digital aggregate with the particle size of 26.5mm is reversely generated and screened, as shown in the following figure 3;
(5) And 3D printing is carried out by using resin according to the digital three-dimensional model of the virtual 3D aggregate to obtain aggregate particles.
After printing is completed, the printed aggregate particle molding test piece can be subjected to corresponding mechanical property test.
The foregoing description is only illustrative of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention to any particular form, and any simple modification, variation and improvement made to the above embodiments according to the technical principles of the present invention still fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The method for preparing the mechanical test standard aggregate by using the 3D printing technology is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Screening the particle materials used for the mechanical test piece to be molded step by step, acquiring the three-dimensional profile of each grade of aggregate by using 3D imaging equipment, calculating the shape, the edge angle and the texture parameters of the aggregate, and counting the distribution rule of the aggregate;
(2) Using spherical harmonics to carry out series expansion on the three-dimensional profile of each grade of aggregate particles, analyzing the statistical distribution rule of the spherical harmonics coefficients or the parameters after the coefficient combination, and establishing the correlation between the coefficients or the parameters and the aggregate shape, the edges and the texture parameters determined in the step (1);
(3) Determining a spherical harmonic function coefficient or a statistical distribution rule of the parameter after coefficient combination according to the aggregate target shape, the edge angle and the texture parameter or the statistical distribution rule of the aggregate shape, the edge angle and the texture parameter, and reversely generating a digital virtual aggregate by adopting a computer algorithm;
(4) Carrying out digital screening on the digital virtual aggregate through a digital screening algorithm, determining the particle size of the digital virtual aggregate, and generating a virtual 3D aggregate group according to a target grading curve required by a test on the basis of the particle size;
(5) And printing by using a 3D printer and printing materials according to the digital three-dimensional model of the virtual 3D aggregate to obtain the required aggregate.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (3), the computer algorithm adopts a Monte Carlo algorithm.
3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (4), the digital screening algorithm adopts a minimum bounding box algorithm.
4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (1), the shape, the edge angle and the texture parameters of the aggregate are indexes for evaluating the geometric morphological characteristics of the aggregate, and the shape parameters of the aggregate comprise sphericity.
5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (1), the 3D imaging device adopts a device with a 3D forming function, and comprises a 3D scanner, wherein the 3D scanner comprises a CT tomography scanner.
6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (5), the printing material comprises resin or engineering plastic.
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| CN110570509B (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2021-07-02 | 华中科技大学 | Grid-based model partition slicing method |
| CN113386358B (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2022-12-09 | 中交二公局东萌工程有限公司 | Method and system for preparing standard artificial aggregate by additive technology |
| CN114511541B (en) * | 2022-02-10 | 2022-12-02 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Three-dimensional digital collection library rapid establishing and evaluating method based on X-ray CT |
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| US9266287B2 (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2016-02-23 | Disney Enterprises, Inc. | 3D printing with custom surface reflectance |
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| CN105954161A (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2016-09-21 | 合肥工业大学 | CT-image-based three-dimensional automatic measurement method for particle size of aggregate |
| CN107330135A (en) * | 2017-05-09 | 2017-11-07 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of method of application 3D printing technique auxiliary road surface construction design |
| CN107644121A (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2018-01-30 | 昆明理工大学 | The reverse three-dimensionalreconstruction and body modeling method of a kind of ground surface material skeleton structure |
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