CN109190305B - Panoramic real-time simulation method for power system - Google Patents
Panoramic real-time simulation method for power system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a panoramic real-time simulation method for an electric power system, which comprises the following steps: respectively constructing a primary system model and a secondary system model of the transformer substation; after the primary system model calculates each step to obtain simulation data, the simulation data are written into a real-time database, when the primary system model calculates any step to obtain the simulation data and the simulation data are written into the real-time database, the secondary system model collects the data in the real-time database, meanwhile, the primary system model transmits the simulation data to a signal conversion device, and if the primary system model receives action information sent by the secondary system model and receives information returned to the primary system model by the signal conversion device, simulation is carried out according to a currently formed topological structure. The invention coordinates and synchronously operates the primary system simulation, the secondary equipment simulation and partial real secondary equipment, has interoperability, further forms a complete simulation test system, and can ensure seamless butt joint of a simulation platform, the real secondary equipment and virtual digital protection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power system simulation, in particular to a panoramic real-time simulation method for a power system.
Background
The smart grid is the intellectualization of the grid (smart power), also called as "grid 2.0", which is established on the basis of an integrated, high-speed two-way communication network, and achieves the purposes of reliability, safety, economy, high efficiency, environmental friendliness and safe use of the grid through the application of advanced sensing and measuring technology, advanced equipment technology, advanced control method and advanced decision support system technology, and the main characteristics of the smart grid include self-healing, excitation and inclusion of users, attack resistance, provision of electric energy quality meeting the requirements of users in the 21 st century, allowance of access of various different power generation forms, starting of power markets and optimal and efficient operation of assets.
The intelligent substation technology becomes the core driving force of the development of an intelligent power grid, the intelligent substation automatically completes basic functions such as information acquisition, measurement, control, protection, metering, monitoring and the like by taking total-station information digitization, communication platform networking and information sharing standardization as basic requirements, can support advanced functions such as real-time automatic control, intelligent adjustment, online analysis decision, cooperative interaction and the like of the power grid as required, secondary equipment is installed on the spot according to the design and construction concept of a new generation of intelligent substations, and the current regular inspection, maintenance and debugging work of a single set of equipment is developed in the direction of factory debugging and replacement type maintenance on the spot next step. The method has the advantages that the method is suitable for industrial debugging, the actual environment of the transformer substation is virtualized in a debugging center, the field debugging of the transformer substation is completed, the joint debugging or single machine debugging of secondary equipment of the whole substation is realized, the conditions of field direct application are met, the field debugging work is simplified, and the work efficiency is improved; the replacement type maintenance is adopted, during equipment maintenance, configuration and test work of the device are completed in a debugging center, the complete machine is replaced on site, a standard interface is used in a plug-and-play mode, the site operation is simple and efficient, the power failure time is shortened, and the accident probability of three errors is reduced.
The primary system is a system composed of a generator, a power transmission line, a transformer, a circuit breaker and other equipment, power generation, power transmission, transformation, power distribution and other equipment. The secondary system is a system consisting of relay protection, safety automatic control, system communication, dispatching automation, DCS automatic control system and the like. The secondary system is an indispensable important component of the power system, and is used for realizing contact monitoring and control of people and the primary system, so that the primary system can run safely and economically. More and more new technologies are introduced into the smart grid, such as a simulation technology, but the existing smart grid simulation method only constructs a coordinated and synchronous operation system among the primary system simulation, the secondary device simulation and a part of real secondary devices, and does not form a complete simulation system.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the present invention is to solve at least the above problems and to provide at least the advantages described later, and to provide a panoramic real-time simulation method for an electric power system, which is applied to coordinate a primary system model, a secondary system model, and a partially real secondary device to run synchronously, wherein the primary system model is written into a real-time database after calculating each step length to obtain simulation data; after a primary system model calculates any step length to obtain simulation data, and the simulation data is written into a real-time database, an analog quantity signal conversion device in real secondary equipment and the secondary system model read the simulation data from the real-time database at the same time, if the GOOSE signal conversion device in the real secondary equipment and the secondary system model return information to the primary system model at the same time, the primary system model forms a new topological structure according to the returned information for simulation, and the primary system simulation, the secondary equipment simulation and part of the real secondary equipment are coordinated and synchronously operated, so that interoperability is achieved, a complete simulation test system is formed, and seamless butt joint of a simulation platform, the real secondary equipment and virtual digital protection can be guaranteed.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the panoramic real-time simulation method for the power system sequentially comprises the following steps of:
A. constructing a primary system model and a secondary system model of the transformer substation;
B. after the primary system model calculates each step length to obtain simulation data, writing the simulation data into a real-time database; when the primary system model calculates any step length to obtain simulation data and writes the simulation data into a real-time database, the secondary system model collects the data in the real-time database, meanwhile, the primary system model transmits the simulation data to the signal conversion device, the signal conversion device and the secondary system model read the simulation data from the real-time database at the same time, and if the signal conversion device and the secondary system model return information to the primary system model at the same time, the primary system model forms a new topological structure according to the returned information for simulation.
Preferably, in the step a, a primary system model of the substation is constructed by using a DDRTS system or a graphical simulation support platform system, and a secondary system model is constructed by using the graphical simulation support platform system.
Preferably, the panoramic real-time simulation method for the power system is used for calculating the primary system model by adopting an electromagnetic transient algorithm to obtain the simulation data.
Preferably, in the step B, after the secondary system model collects data with a time stamp in the real-time database, the specific steps before the primary system model receives the action information sent by the secondary system model are as follows:
and the data sampling module of the secondary system model samples and judges whether to enter other subsequent calculation modules or not, if so, the subsequent other calculation modules process the data, and after all the calculation modules calculate, the secondary system writes the calculation result into the real-time database and sends action information to the primary system model in a command mode.
Preferably, in the step B, after the secondary system model collects data with a time scale in the real-time database, the specific steps before the primary system model receives the action information sent by the secondary system model are:
the data sampling module of the secondary system model samples and judges whether the protection operation module needs to be started or not, if the protection operation module is started, the data sampling module transmits data with time marks to the protection operation module, the protection operation module receives the data output by the data sampling module, and calculates whether protection is performed or not and generates an action signal according to a preset fixed value of protection by adopting a protection algorithm, and then after calculation is performed through the logic judgment module, the secondary system writes an operation result into real-time library data and sends action information to the primary system in a command mode.
Preferably, the signal conversion device in step B comprises an analog signal conversion device, a GOOSE signal conversion device and an SMV signal conversion device,
the primary system model transmits the simulation data to the analog quantity signal conversion device, the GOOSE signal conversion device and the SMV signal conversion device through the high-speed optical fiber communication system; the primary system receives information returned to the primary system by the GOOSE signal conversion device through the high-speed optical fiber communication system;
the specific steps of the primary system model before the high-speed optical fiber communication system receives the information returned to the primary system by the GOOSE signal conversion device after the high-speed optical fiber communication system transmits the simulation data to the analog quantity signal conversion device, the GOOSE signal conversion device and the SMV signal conversion device are as follows:
the analog quantity signal conversion device processes simulation data into analog small signals, the analog small signals are subjected to power amplification through a power amplifier connected with the analog quantity signal conversion device and then are sent to secondary equipment to be tested, the secondary equipment to be tested issues SV/GOOSE/MMS information through SV, GOOSE and MMS networks, relevant signals of other protection or control equipment are subscribed through the GOOSE networks and the MMS networks, the SMV signal conversion device converts SV digital signals simulated by the primary system model virtual secondary equipment according to IEC61850-9-1/2 and IEC60044-8/FT3 protocols and outputs the converted SV digital signals to the SV networks, the GOOSE signal conversion device converts tripping signals simulated by the primary system model virtual secondary equipment according to GOOSE and outputs the converted SV digital signals to the GOOSE networks and the MMS networks, and relevant signals of other protection or control equipment of the GOOSE networks and the MMS networks are received.
Preferably, the panoramic real-time simulation method for the power system, the step B further includes: after the analog quantity signal conversion device reads the simulation data from the real-time database, before the GOOSE signal conversion device returns information to the primary system model, the analog quantity signal conversion device amplifies the power of the received simulation data through a power amplifier and sends the simulation data to an analog quantity merging unit to serve as an input signal source, the analog quantity merging unit converts the input signal source into SMV message form signals and shares the SMV message form signals to a protection device, the protection device sends GOOSE signals to an intelligent terminal after logic operation, the intelligent terminal transmits the GOOSE signals to an analog circuit breaker to act, and the GOOSE signal conversion device collects the GOOSE signals forwarded by the analog circuit breaker to identify switch displacement information.
Preferably, in the panoramic real-time simulation method for the power system, after the secondary system model reads the simulation data from the real-time database in the step B, before the secondary system model returns information to the primary system model, the following steps are performed:
after the secondary system model reads simulation data from the real-time database through a data sampling module, the data sampling module judges whether the simulation time is updated or not and whether sampling is carried out at the current time or not; and if the data sampling module performs sampling, entering other subsequent calculation modules, and returning a calculation result serving as information to the primary system model.
Preferably, in the panoramic real-time simulation method for the power system, after the secondary system model reads the simulation data from the real-time database in the step B, before the secondary system model returns information to the primary system model, the following steps are performed:
the secondary system model collects simulation data from the real-time database through a data sampling module, the data sampling module outputs a sampling value by using a data sampling algorithm, whether a protection operation module is started or not is judged according to the sampling value, if the protection operation module is started, the protection operation module compares the received sampling value with a protection fixed value preset in the protection operation module after operation, judges whether protection is performed or not and generates an action signal, and then a logic judgment module receives the action signal, calculates and returns information to the primary system model.
Preferably, the panoramic real-time simulation method is used for a power system, and the primary system model and the secondary system model, the simulation circuit breaker and the GOOSE signal conversion device respectively transmit real-time data through a high-speed optical fiber communication system.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. the invention adopts a graphical mode to construct the primary system model and the secondary system model, can flexibly establish or modify a connection mode through a graphical interface, and edits or modifies the parameters of the primary equipment of the power grid, thus being real, accurate and vivid. The simulation system platform adopts real and accurate time scales through the real-time process control system to realize signal synchronization and time sequence control of the panoramic real-time simulation of the transformer substation among real protection devices, virtual digital protection devices and between real protection devices and virtual protection devices, adopts the real and accurate time scales through the real-time process control system to realize signal synchronization and time sequence control of the panoramic real-time simulation system among a primary system model, a secondary system model and partial real secondary equipment, and organically combines the three parts, thereby ensuring seamless butt joint of the simulation platform with the real secondary equipment and the virtual digital protection devices.
2. The invention truly realizes the plug-in mode through the established primary system model, the secondary system model and the simulation system of partial real secondary equipment, the secondary system model supports pure digital protection logic and also supports a real on-site protection device, thereby achieving the true plug and play and monitoring the running condition of the whole system in real time.
3. The invention can provide technical support for 'factory debugging and replacement type overhaul' after the innovative equipment of the intelligent substation is in place and miniaturized, lays an important foundation for exploring a substation panoramic real-time simulation technology based on substation primary system electromagnetic transient simulation and secondary equipment functional logic simulation, is also suitable for the substation secondary equipment training, and is an effective technical solution for the training work of the secondary equipment and the automatic system under the new equipment, the new technology and the new process of the intelligent substation.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a panoramic real-time simulation method architecture diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a primary system modeling platform according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a virtual digital protection simulation dataflow graph in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the modeling of a secondary system according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a data sampling modeling diagram according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a modeling diagram of a protection operation according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a logic decision modeling diagram in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a diagram of a secondary system modeling platform according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a diagram of a virtual digital protection simulation waveform according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of SMV/GOOSE message capture according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of another panoramic real-time simulation method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, it should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "lateral", "longitudinal", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship indicated on the basis of the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the panoramic real-time simulation method for the power system sequentially comprises the following steps:
A. constructing a primary system model and a secondary system model of the transformer substation;
B. after the primary system model calculates each step length to obtain simulation data, writing the simulation data into a real-time database; when the primary system model calculates any step length to obtain simulation data and writes the simulation data into a real-time database, the secondary system model collects the data in the real-time database, meanwhile, the primary system model transmits the simulation data to the signal conversion device, the signal conversion device and the secondary system model read the simulation data from the real-time database at the same time, and if the signal conversion device and the secondary system model return information to the primary system model at the same time, the primary system model forms a new topological structure according to the returned information for simulation.
The primary system model is always in a calculation state, after simulation data of one step length are calculated each time, the simulation data are written into the real-time database, then the secondary system model collects the data in the real-time database, meanwhile, the primary system model transmits the simulation data to each signal conversion device, when the GOOSE signal conversion devices and the secondary system transmit the data back to the primary system, a new topological structure can be formed in the primary system, and then the primary system adopts the new topological structure for simulation. The data transmitted by the primary system to each signal conversion device is the same as the data transmitted by the secondary system, and the data transmitted by the GOOSE signal conversion device and the data transmitted by the secondary system back to the primary system are also the same.
As shown in fig. 1, the panoramic real-time simulation of the substation is composed of three parts, wherein a simulation calculation part is arranged in an upper square area, a simulation and virtual protection external interface part of the secondary equipment to be tested is arranged in a lower left square area, and a virtual digital protection simulation part is arranged in a lower right square area. The simulation system platform realizes signal synchronization and time sequence control of the panoramic real-time simulation of the transformer substation among real protection devices, virtual digital protection devices and real protection and virtual protection devices by adopting a real and accurate time scale through a real-time process control system, and organically combines the three parts, thereby ensuring seamless butt joint of the simulation platform, real secondary equipment and virtual digital protection.
Primary system simulation of transformer substation
Based on the graph-model-library integration technology, a mathematical model is established in a graphical mode according to an actual electric power system structure, a topological connection relation is automatically generated, system element parameters are input, a system primary wiring mode can be flexibly established or modified through a graphical interface, and power grid primary equipment parameters are edited or modified, so that the complete simulation of the operation condition of the electric power system is performed. A primary system modeling platform diagram is shown in fig. 2.
In fig. 2, in the second block in the first row, the upper part is written as "power line"; the characters in the middle part are 'transmission line', 'transmission line (fault point)' double-circuit line on the same tower and 'single-circuit structure parameter line' from left to right; the characters at the lower part are a double-circuit structure parameter line, a cable and a mutual inductance line from left to right in sequence.
In the third square frame in the first row, the characters on the upper part are 'transformers'; the characters in the middle part are a three-phase double-winding transformer, a three-phase three-winding transformer, a single-phase double-winding transformer, a three-phase double-winding transformer and a three-phase three-winding transformer from left to right in sequence; the characters at the lower part are a single-phase double-winding transformer, a three-phase double-winding transformer, a single-phase three-winding transformer and a three-phase three-winding transformer from left to right in sequence.
In the fourth square frame in the first row, the characters on the upper part are 'circuit breakers'; the characters in the middle part are 'three-phase circuit breaker', 'single-phase circuit breaker' and 'three-phase circuit breaker (label)' from left to right; the characters on the lower part are 'three-phase circuit breaker (label) ",' single-phase circuit breaker (label)", and 'three-phase disconnecting link' from left to right in sequence.
Substation secondary system (virtual protection device) simulation
The virtual digital protection general model acquires calculation result data from the electromagnetic transient calculation platform through the simulation platform interface, processes basic data through Fourier transformation and a real algorithm of the protection device, inputs voltage and current with time scales into the virtual digital protection device model, and simulates the actual action of the protection device through the starting criterion of the virtual protection device in combination with a logic loop of the protection device. The virtual digital protection emulation data flow diagram is shown in fig. 3.
The primary system simulation platform realizes primary and secondary system data exchange and mutual instruction control through a real-time database. The primary system simulation platform sends the result data of each step calculated by the electromagnetic transient algorithm into the real-time database, the virtual protection device acquires the data from the real-time database through a sampling link, and if the virtual protection device acts, the virtual protection device sends action information to the primary system simulation platform in a command mode. The key of the problem is how to ensure the data sampling of the virtual protection device to be synchronous with the electromagnetic transient calculation of the primary system simulation platform, namely the synchronization problem of the primary system and the secondary system calculation. In the real-time simulation, a mutual exclusion variable is established and a time identifier is acquired to realize synchronization, and the specific process comprises the following steps: and after the primary system simulation platform calculates one step length, writing the data into a real-time database, and then informing a secondary system that the data can be read, and entering a waiting state to wait for the notification of the secondary system. And after the secondary system obtains the notification of the primary system, acquiring data from the real-time database and calculating, simultaneously telling time information calculated by the primary system simulation platform to each module of the secondary system, carrying out time processing by each module, writing an operation result into the real-time database, then notifying that the primary system can read and carry out next-step calculation, and entering a waiting state by the primary system to wait for the simulation data of the primary system.
In the step A, a DDRTS system is adopted to construct a primary system model of the transformer substation, and a graphical simulation support platform system is adopted to construct a secondary system model. The DDRTS system uses an electromagnetic transient algorithm for calculation. In the step B, after the secondary system model collects the data with the time stamp in the real-time database, the specific steps before the primary system model receives the action information sent by the secondary system model are as follows: and the data sampling module of the secondary system model samples and judges whether to enter other subsequent calculation modules or not, if so, the subsequent other calculation modules process the data, and after all the calculation modules calculate, the secondary system writes the calculation result into the real-time database and sends action information to the primary system in a command mode.
In the step B, after the secondary system model collects the data with the time stamp in the real-time database, the specific steps before the primary system model receives the action information sent by the secondary system model are as follows: the data sampling module of the secondary system model samples and judges whether the protection operation module needs to be started or not, if the protection operation module is started, the data sampling module transmits data with time marks to the protection operation module, the protection operation module receives the data output by the data sampling module, and calculates whether protection is performed or not and generates an action signal according to a preset fixed value of protection by adopting a protection algorithm, and then after calculation is performed through the logic judgment module, the secondary system writes an operation result into real-time library data and sends action information to the primary system in a command mode.
The simulation of the virtual digital protection can reflect the principle level action characteristics of various relay protection devices, the configuration relation of various relay protection devices, the reflection of protection on various faults and the coordination of protection, the correct action time sequence and result of protection, the consequences generated by protection misoperation or refusal action and the like.
In order to realize logic simulation of various typical protection devices, a protection logic block diagram reflecting the logic relation of the protection devices is established, and the protection logic block diagram does not distinguish protection manufacturers and models and establishes typical protection action logic. The logic relation block diagram not only reflects the logic relation among all the modules, but also has the attributes of input and output signal quantity, sampling frequency, action characteristics and the like, so as to achieve the purpose of approaching to the internal algorithm and structure of a specific protection device. The principle of the secondary system modeling is shown in fig. 4.
Data sampling is introduced through a primary system simulation platform signal, electric quantities such as voltage, current and frequency can be introduced, the type, equipment and position of the introduced electric quantities can be freely defined, after a user-defined signal is collected, the data sampling module outputs related electric quantities according to a sampling algorithm and judges whether a protection operation module is started or not according to data required by a protection algorithm. A data sample modeling diagram is shown in fig. 5.
And the protection operation module receives a sampling value output by data sampling, and calculates whether protection acts and generates an action signal according to a protection algorithm and a preset fixed value of protection. The protection operation modeling diagram is shown in fig. 6.
The logic decision modeling diagram is shown in FIG. 7.
The graphical modeling tool provided by the secondary equipment modeling platform comprises control elements such as an input/output interface, a control function, mathematical operation and logical operation, and is combined with a computer programming technology to establish a protection system model according to a protection system logical operation relation and perform visual display, wherein the secondary system modeling platform diagram is shown in fig. 8. A virtual digital protection simulation waveform diagram is shown in fig. 9.
In the step B, the primary system model transmits the simulation data to the analog quantity signal conversion device, the GOOSE signal conversion device and the SMV signal conversion device through the high-speed optical fiber communication system; the primary system receives the information returned to the primary system by the GOOSE signal conversion device through the high-speed optical fiber communication system;
after the primary system model transmits the simulation data to the analog quantity signal conversion device, the GOOSE signal conversion device and the SMV signal conversion device through the high-speed optical fiber communication system, the specific steps before the primary system model receives the information returned to the primary system by the GOOSE signal conversion device through the high-speed optical fiber communication system are as follows:
the analog quantity signal conversion device processes simulation data into analog small signals, the analog small signals are subjected to power amplification through a power amplifier connected with the analog quantity signal conversion device and then are sent to secondary equipment to be tested, the secondary equipment to be tested issues SV/GOOSE/MMS information through SV, GOOSE and MMS networks, relevant signals of other protection or control equipment are subscribed through the GOOSE networks and the MMS networks, an SMV signal conversion device converts SV digital signals simulated by primary system model virtual secondary equipment according to IEC61850-9-1/2 and IEC60044-8/FT3 protocols and then outputs the SV digital signals to an SV network, the GOOSE signal conversion device converts tripping signals simulated by the primary system model virtual secondary equipment according to GOOSE and outputs the tripping signals to the GOOSE network and the MMS network, and relevant signals of other protection or control equipment of the GOOSE network and the MMS network are received.
The high-speed optical fiber communication system is connected with the simulation host through a PCI bus, and is used for signal communication between the simulation host and a signal conversion device by adopting Digital Signal Processor (DSP) and PCI bus communication technologies. The system is responsible for sending primary system voltage and current signals generated by the simulation host to the analog quantity signal conversion device, receiving switching-off and switching-on operation commands of the secondary equipment collected by the GOOSE signal conversion device, and returning the switching-off and switching-on operation commands to the simulation host, so that the topological structure of the primary system is changed in real time.
The analog quantity signal conversion device is mainly used for inputting analog signals of secondary equipment to be tested of an intelligent substation, is responsible for receiving primary system voltage and current signals sent by a high-speed optical fiber communication system, outputs alternating voltage and current analog quantities through digital-to-analog conversion, and sends the alternating voltage and current analog quantities to the secondary equipment to be tested after power amplification is carried out through a power amplifier to serve as an input signal source of the secondary equipment to be tested.
The SMV signal conversion device converts SV digital signals simulated by the virtual secondary equipment of the simulation platform according to IEC61850-9-1/2 and IEC60044-8/FT3 protocols and outputs the converted SV digital signals to an SV network, so that testing and checking of relevant equipment of the transformer substation are realized.
The GOOSE signal conversion device converts the tripping signal after the simulation of the virtual secondary equipment of the simulation platform and outputs the tripping signal to a GOOSE network and an MMS network, and meanwhile, relevant signals of other protection or control equipment of the GOOSE network and the MMS network are received, so that closed-loop simulation test of the transformer substation is achieved.
SMV/GOOSE message capture of transformer substation
IEC61850 is used as the international standard of the communication network and system of the intelligent substation, SMV messages and GOOSE messages are two important messages in the intelligent substation, and the capture of the SMV messages and the GOOSE messages and the analysis of message information need to be mastered in the processes of checking, testing, operation and maintenance of secondary equipment of the intelligent substation. The acquisition of the SMV message and the GOOSE message can be realized by two methods, namely data packet capturing software and a network analysis terminal, and in the panoramic real-time simulation platform of the transformer substation, a schematic diagram of the acquisition of the SMV/GOOSE message is shown in fig. 10.
The virtual digital protection simulation SMV/GOOSE message is output to a network analyzer through an SMV signal conversion device and a GOOSE signal conversion device to be realized, and the specific realization method comprises the following steps:
SMV message capture: the current and voltage digital signals output by the virtual digital protection simulation are sent to the virtual protection software interface module and simultaneously sent to a hardware interface module (a high-speed optical fiber communication system), the high-speed optical fiber communication system sends the primary system voltage and current signals sent to the SMV signal conversion device, the SMV signal conversion device packages the received signals according to an IEC61850-9-2 standard protocol, and the SMV signals are output to the outside through an optical interface module of the device and sent to a network analyzer.
GOOSE message capturing: the virtual digital protection circuit sends and receives GOOSE signals to the hardware interface module while interacting with the simulation platform, the high-speed optical fiber communication system forwards the GOOSE signals to the GOOSE signal conversion device, and the GOOSE signal conversion device outputs the GOOSE signals to the network analyzer through the optical interface module.
The SMV/GOOSE message capturing method of the simulation of the real protection device can access a network analyzer or a network data packet capturing software tool by utilizing an optical port of an SMV network switch and a GOOSE network switch besides the virtual digital protection simulation.
Example 2
The invention provides a real-time simulation method of a smart grid, which comprises the following steps:
a, respectively constructing a primary system model and a secondary system model;
step B, after the primary system model calculates each step length to obtain simulation data, writing the simulation data into a real-time database, namely, the primary system model is always in a calculation state, and after each step length is calculated, the simulation data can be written into the real-time database immediately; after a primary system model calculates any step length to obtain simulation data and writes the simulation data into a real-time database, an analog quantity signal conversion device and a secondary system model simultaneously read the simulation data from the real-time database, if the GOOSE signal conversion device and the secondary system model simultaneously return information to the primary system model, the primary system model forms a new topological structure according to the returned information for simulation, and the primary system model also receives the information returned by the GOOSE signal conversion device and the secondary system model while being read by the analog quantity signal conversion device and the secondary system model.
As shown in fig. 11, the real-time simulation method for the smart grid is composed of a primary system model, a secondary system model, and a partially real secondary device, wherein a simulated primary system model is in an upper square area, a partially real secondary device is in a lower left square area, and a simulated secondary system model is in a lower right square area.
The primary system model is based on a graph-model-library integration technology, a mathematical model is established in a graphical mode according to an actual power system structure, a topological connection relation is automatically generated, system element parameters are input, a primary wiring mode of the system can be flexibly established or modified through a graphical interface, and primary equipment parameters of a power grid are edited or modified, so that complete simulation is conducted on the operation condition of the power system. The primary system model comprises abundant power system element models (such as generators, motors, transformers, loads, breakers, transmission lines, reactors and the like) and control element models (such as control functions, time functions, nonlinear functions, mathematical operations, logic functions and the like), and can completely simulate motors, networks and control systems, as shown in fig. 2.
For the secondary system model, the actual protection devices of the power system are various in types and complex in structure, and the modeling of the protection devices is very difficult. On the one hand, it is uneconomical to repurchase all protection devices actually deployed from the grid for simulation; on the other hand, the following problems also exist when the virtual protection device is adopted for modeling: firstly, the workload of detailed modeling of various types of protection devices configured for each branch of a power grid is huge, secondly, the protection devices are limited to intellectual property and commercial confidentiality, the protection logic externally published by protection device manufacturers is different from the actual protection devices on site, and the establishment of accurate models of the protection devices of specific types cannot be realized. Therefore, the common modules of the relay protection devices of the same type and the self-installation devices are extracted based on the typical relay protection devices and classified according to the protection types to form the universal modules of the devices. By configuring the generic modules, a typical device model for each type of protection is formed, as shown in fig. 8. And the secondary system model obtains the calculation result data from the real-time database through the signal input and output interface, processes the basic data through the fourier transform and the real algorithm of the protection device, inputs the voltage and the current with the time scale into the secondary system model, and simulates the actual action of the protection device through the combination of the starting criterion of the protection device and the logic loop of the protection device, as shown in fig. 3.
In the whole simulation system, data exchange and mutual instruction control among the primary system model, the secondary system model and partial real secondary equipment are realized through a real-time database. The simulation system sends the result data of each step length of the electromagnetic transient calculation into a real-time database, the secondary system model obtains the data from the real-time database through a sampling link, and if the secondary system model acts, the secondary system model sends action information to the primary system model in a command mode. In the real-time simulation, a mutual exclusion variable is established and a time identifier is acquired to realize synchronization, the specific process is that after each step length is calculated by the primary system model, data is written into a real-time library, then the secondary system model is informed that the data can be read, the primary system model enters a waiting state to wait for the notification of the secondary system, and when the primary system model is in the waiting state, the primary system model always calculates the step length. And after the secondary system model is informed, acquiring data from the real-time database and calculating, simultaneously informing each module of the time information calculated by the primary system model, carrying out time processing by the module, writing the calculation result into the real-time database, then informing the primary system that the next step of calculation can be carried out, and enabling the secondary system model to enter a waiting state to wait for the next simulation data of the primary system model.
Different from embodiment 1, in this embodiment, both the primary system model and the secondary system model are constructed in a graphical manner, so as to facilitate visualization display and editing.
The primary system model adopts an electromagnetic transient algorithm to calculate to obtain the simulation data, and the electromagnetic transient algorithm is calculation software in a DDRTS system and is simulation software for electromagnetic transient analysis of a power system.
After the analog quantity signal conversion device reads the simulation data from the real-time database, and before the GOOSE signal conversion returns information to the primary system model, the following steps are performed:
the analog quantity signal conversion device is used for amplifying the power of received simulation data, namely voltage and current signals through a power amplifier, and then sending the simulation data to an analog quantity merging unit as an input signal source, the analog quantity merging unit is used for converting the input signal source into SMV message form signals and then sharing the SMV message form signals to a protection device, the protection device is used for sending GOOSE signals to an intelligent terminal after carrying out logic operation, the intelligent terminal sends the GOOSE signals to an analog circuit breaker to act, the GOOSE signal conversion device collects the GOOSE signals forwarded by the analog circuit breaker to identify switch displacement information, the switch displacement information reflects the information of the current and the voltage, namely the connection relation among all devices in a circuit, and a topological structure relation can be displayed. The simulation circuit breaker can simulate the action behavior of a real circuit breaker, is used as substitute equipment of an actual circuit breaker during relay protection and automatic device whole-set system transmission test with a switch, acts accurately and reliably, can greatly improve the correctness and integrity of the test, and is important corollary equipment for relay protection test work.
After the secondary system model reads the simulation data from the real-time database, and before the secondary system model returns information to the primary system model, the following steps are carried out:
after the secondary system model reads the simulation data from the real-time database through the data sampling module, the data sampling module judges whether the simulation time is updated or not and whether sampling is carried out at the current time or not, namely the data at the current time is set in the sampling data module as a judgment standard; and if the data sampling module performs sampling, entering other subsequent calculation modules, and returning a calculation result serving as information to the primary system model.
After the secondary system model reads the simulation data from the real-time database, and before the secondary system model returns information to the primary system model, i.e., the simulation platform, the following steps are performed, as shown in fig. 4 to 6:
the secondary system model collects simulation data from the real-time database through a data sampling module, the data sampling module outputs a sampling value by using a data sampling algorithm, and judges whether to start a protection operation module according to the sampling value, if the protection operation module is started, the protection operation module compares the received sampling value with a protection fixed value preset in the protection operation module after operation, judges whether protection is performed and generates an action signal, then a logic judgment module receives the action signal and calculates and returns information to the primary system model, and the secondary system model can reflect the principle and the action characteristic of various relay protection devices, the configuration relation of various relay protection devices, the reflection and the cooperation of protection on various faults, the correct action time sequence and the result of protection, the consequences generated by protection misoperation or refusal action and the like.
And the primary system model and the secondary system model, the simulation circuit breaker and the GOOSE signal conversion device respectively transmit real-time data through a high-speed optical fiber communication system. The high-speed optical fiber communication system is connected with the primary system model through a PCI bus, and is used for signal communication between the primary system model and the analog circuit breaker and between the primary system model and the GOOSE signal conversion device by adopting Digital Signal Processor (DSP) and PCI bus communication technologies, receiving switching-on and switching-off operation commands of the secondary equipment collected by the GOOSE signal conversion device and returning the switching-on and switching-off operation commands to the primary system model, so that the topological structure of the primary system model is changed in real time, and the regulation and control effect on the primary system is achieved.
While embodiments of the invention have been described above, it is not limited to the applications set forth in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable in various fields of endeavor to which the invention pertains, and further modifications may readily be made by those skilled in the art, it being understood that the invention is not limited to the details shown and described herein without departing from the general concept defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The panoramic real-time simulation method for the power system is characterized by sequentially carrying out the following steps of:
A. constructing a primary system model and a secondary system model of the transformer substation;
B. after the primary system model calculates each step length to obtain simulation data, writing the simulation data into a real-time database; when the primary system model calculates any step length to obtain simulation data and writes the simulation data into a real-time database, the secondary system model collects the data in the real-time database, meanwhile, the primary system model transmits the simulation data to a signal conversion device, the signal conversion device and the secondary system model simultaneously read the simulation data from the real-time database, and if the signal conversion device and the secondary system model simultaneously return information to the primary system model, the primary system model forms a new topological structure for simulation according to the returned information;
the signal conversion device in the step B comprises an analog quantity signal conversion device, a GOOSE signal conversion device and an SMV signal conversion device,
the primary system model transmits the simulation data to the analog quantity signal conversion device, the GOOSE signal conversion device and the SMV signal conversion device through the high-speed optical fiber communication system; the primary system receives the information returned to the primary system by the GOOSE signal conversion device through the high-speed optical fiber communication system;
the specific steps of the primary system model before the high-speed optical fiber communication system receives the information returned to the primary system by the GOOSE signal conversion device after the high-speed optical fiber communication system transmits the simulation data to the analog quantity signal conversion device, the GOOSE signal conversion device and the SMV signal conversion device are as follows: the analog quantity signal conversion device processes simulation data into analog small signals, then the analog small signals are subjected to power amplification through a power amplifier connected with the analog quantity signal conversion device and are sent to secondary equipment to be tested, the secondary equipment to be tested issues SV information of the device through an SV network, issues GOOSE information of the device through a GOOSE network and issues MMS information of the device through an MMS network, and simultaneously subscribes related signals of other protection or control equipment through the GOOSE network and the MMS network, the SMV signal conversion device converts SV digital signals simulated by the primary system model virtual secondary equipment according to IEC61850-9-1/2 and IEC60044-8/FT3 protocols and then outputs the converted SV digital signals to the SV network, the GOOSE signal conversion device converts tripping signals simulated by the primary system model virtual secondary equipment according to GOOSE and then outputs the converted tripping signals to the GOOSE network and the MMS network, and receives related signals of other protection or control equipment of the GOOSE network and the MMS network;
the step B further comprises the following steps: after the analog quantity signal conversion device reads the simulation data from the real-time database and before the GOOSE signal conversion device returns information to the primary system model, the analog quantity signal conversion device amplifies the power of the received simulation data through a power amplifier and sends the simulation data to an analog quantity merging unit as an input signal source, the analog quantity merging unit converts the input signal source into an SMV message form signal and shares the SMV message form signal to a protection device, the protection device sends a GOOSE signal to an intelligent terminal after logic operation, the intelligent terminal transmits the GOOSE signal to an analog circuit breaker to act, and the GOOSE signal conversion device collects the GOOSE signal forwarded by the analog circuit breaker to identify switch displacement information.
2. The panoramic real-time simulation method for the power system according to claim 1, wherein in the step a, a DDRTS system or a graphical simulation support platform system is used for building a primary system model of the substation, and a graphical simulation support platform system is used for building a secondary system model.
3. The panoramic real-time simulation method for the power system according to claim 1, wherein the primary system model is calculated by an electromagnetic transient algorithm to obtain the simulation data.
4. The panoramic real-time simulation method for the power system according to claim 3, wherein in the step B, after the secondary system model collects the data with the time scale in the real-time database, the specific steps before the primary system model receives the action information sent by the secondary system model are as follows:
and the data sampling module of the secondary system model samples and judges whether to enter other subsequent calculation modules or not, if so, the subsequent other calculation modules process the data, and after all the calculation modules calculate, the secondary system writes the calculation result into the real-time database and sends action information to the primary system model in a command mode.
5. The panoramic real-time simulation method for the power system according to claim 4, wherein in the step B, after the secondary system model collects the data with the time scale in the real-time database, the specific steps before the primary system model receives the action information sent by the secondary system model are as follows:
the data sampling module of the secondary system model samples and judges whether the protection operation module needs to be started or not, if the protection operation module is started, the data sampling module transmits data with time marks to the protection operation module, the protection operation module receives the data output by the data sampling module, and calculates whether protection is performed or not and generates an action signal according to a preset fixed value of protection by adopting a protection algorithm, and then after calculation is performed through the logic judgment module, the secondary system writes an operation result into real-time library data and sends action information to the primary system in a command mode.
6. The panoramic real-time simulation method for the power system according to claim 1, wherein after the secondary system model reads the simulation data from the real-time database in the step B and before the secondary system model returns information to the primary system model, the following steps are performed:
after the secondary system model reads simulation data from the real-time database through the data sampling module, the data sampling module judges whether the simulation time is updated or not and whether sampling is carried out at the current time or not; and if the data sampling module performs sampling, entering other subsequent calculation modules, and returning a calculation result serving as information to the primary system model.
7. The panoramic real-time simulation method for the power system according to claim 1, wherein after the secondary system model reads the simulation data from the real-time database in the step B and before the secondary system model returns information to the primary system model, the following steps are performed:
the secondary system model collects simulation data from the real-time database through a data sampling module, the data sampling module outputs a sampling value by using a data sampling algorithm, whether a protection operation module is started or not is judged according to the sampling value, if the protection operation module is started, the protection operation module compares the received sampling value with a protection fixed value preset in the protection operation module after operation, judges whether protection is performed or not and generates an action signal, and then a logic judgment module receives the action signal, calculates and returns information to the primary system model.
8. The panoramic real-time simulation method for the power system according to claim 1, wherein the primary system model and the secondary system model, the analog circuit breaker and the GOOSE signal conversion device respectively transmit real-time data through a high-speed optical fiber communication system.
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| CN110162843B (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2023-01-03 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | Real-time simulation modeling method and device for power grid primary system and secondary system |
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