CN109190193B - Fruit fly algorithm-based subarray-level phased array antenna directional diagram synthesis method - Google Patents
Fruit fly algorithm-based subarray-level phased array antenna directional diagram synthesis method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a fruit fly algorithm-based comprehensive method for a directional diagram of a subarray-level phased array antenna, which is mainly used for solving the problems that in the prior art, the sidelobe suppression process of the directional diagram of the subarray-level phased array antenna is easy to generate more control parameters, and the problems of local optimization and premature convergence caused by improper control parameters are easy to occur. According to the method, the subarray-level phased array antenna population is used as the fruit fly population, the subarray-level normalized excitation value of the fruit fly population is updated through a particle collapse-orthogonal intersection mechanism, the global optimal excitation value and the global optimal adaptive value are obtained through a simulated annealing method, control parameters are reduced, the stability of a side lobe suppression method is improved, and the side lobe suppression performance of the amplitude of a subarray-level phased array antenna directional pattern is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of antenna radars, and further relates to a comprehensive method for a subarray-level phased array antenna directional diagram based on a drosophila algorithm in the technical field of antenna radars. The invention can be used for inhibiting the side lobe of the directional diagram of the subarray-level phased array antenna, thereby improving the performance of the directional diagram of the antenna.
Background
In a phased array antenna system, the side lobe performance of an antenna is one of the most important performance indexes of the system, and with the rapid development of a radar antenna system, the performance of the antenna is improved. The radar antenna system puts higher requirements on the performance of the phased array antenna, so that the planar array antenna is developed towards large-scale and digitalization. However, due to the limitations of system cost, implementation feasibility and device level, the cost of designing a complete digital receiving channel for each array element is huge, so that the subarray technology is generated due to operation in the development process of a mobile wireless communication system, complex and numerous array signal tasks are decomposed through the subarray technology, the system cost is reduced to the maximum extent while the performance of the wireless communication system is ensured, and therefore the engineering implementation feasibility is improved.
The patent document 'planar array antenna pattern synthesis method based on subarrays' (patent application number: 201510363856.X, application publication number: CN105024166A) applied by the seventh, second and fourth of China Ship re-engineering group corporation discloses a planar array antenna pattern synthesis method based on subarrays. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining an array element directional diagram in the comprehensive array, and obtaining an array working frequency, an array scale, a subarray scale and a target directional diagram; generating a plurality of groups of amplitude-phase excitation distributions by using an improved Iterative Fourier Transform (IFT) algorithm; combining a plurality of groups of amplitude-phase excitation distributions to construct a subarray optimization variable, and optimizing the subarray optimization variable as an initial value of a differential evolution algorithm to obtain an optimal group of amplitude-phase excitation; and further carrying out iterative optimization on the optimal amplitude-phase excitation by using a simulated annealing algorithm to obtain the final optimal amplitude-phase excitation distribution. The invention effectively improves the comprehensive efficiency of the directional diagram of the subarray array antenna by a hybrid optimization method combining the improved Iterative Fourier Transform (IFT) method and an intelligent optimization algorithm. However, the method still has the following defects: in addition, the method has more control parameters, so that the problems of local optimization and early convergence easily occur in the iteration process due to improper parameter setting.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a comprehensive method for a subarray-level phased array antenna directional diagram based on a fruit fly algorithm aiming at the defects of the prior art.
The idea for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: the method comprises the steps of taking a subarray-level phased-array antenna population as a fruit fly population, updating a subarray-level normalized excitation value of the fruit fly population by adopting a particle collapse-orthogonal intersection mechanism, obtaining a global optimal excitation value and a global optimal fitness value through a simulated annealing method, and obtaining a global optimal excitation value meeting the requirement of side lobe suppression of a subarray-level phased-array antenna directional diagram after multiple iterations.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) establishing a phased array antenna model:
in the xoy coordinate system, an x axis and a y axis are respectively used as sides of a rectangle, and array elements are sequentially placed along the x axis direction and the y axis direction according to the array element total number of the x axis and the array element total number of the y axis of the phased array antenna and the array element interval, so that a rectangular phase antenna model is obtained;
(2) dividing a subarray:
dividing the subarrays into rectangular antenna models in an non-overlapping mode by using an X algorithm;
(3) and (3) generating a fruit fly antenna population:
(3a) randomly selecting subarray-level normalized excitation values with the same number as the subarrays within the range of [0,1], and sequentially giving the subarray-level normalized excitation values to each array element in each subarray in the subarray-level antenna model to obtain a subarray-level phased array antenna;
(3b) generating sub-array-level phased-array antennas which are equal to the total number of the antennas, and forming a fruit fly antenna population by all the sub-array-level phased-array antennas;
(4) calculating the adaptability value of each subarray-level phased array antenna in the fruit fly antenna population by using an adaptability formula;
(5) determining a global optimal excitation value and a fitness value:
arranging the adaptability values of each subarray-level phased-array antenna in the fruit fly antenna population from large to small, taking the subarray-level normalized excitation value of the subarray-level phased-array antenna corresponding to the minimum adaptability in the sequencing of the adaptability values as a current global optimal excitation value, and taking the adaptability value corresponding to the global optimal excitation value as the current global optimal adaptability value;
(6) updating the fruit fly antenna population by utilizing a particle collapse-orthogonal cross mechanism:
(6a) respectively calculating the cubic quantum collapse position of each sub-array phased-array antenna by using a quantum collapse position formula;
(6b) obtaining nine comprehensive experimental subarray-level normalized excitation values of each subarray-level phased array antenna by utilizing the three-time quantum collapse position of each subarray-level phased array antenna through an orthogonal crossing method;
(6c) respectively calculating the fitness values of the nine comprehensive experiment subarray-level normalized excitation values by using a fitness function;
(6d) arranging the fitness values of the nine comprehensive experimental subarray-level normalized excitation values from large to small, and taking the subarray-level normalized excitation value corresponding to the minimum fitness value in the sequence as the subarray-level normalized excitation value of the subarray-level phased-array antenna of the new fruit fly antenna population;
(7) respectively calculating the fitness value of each subarray-level phased array antenna of the fruit fly antenna population after updating by using a fitness function;
(8) selecting a global optimal excitation value and a global optimal fitness value by utilizing the following simulated annealing method:
(8a) arranging the updated fitness values of the fruit fly antenna population from large to small, and respectively taking the minimum fitness in the sequencing and the subarray-level normalized excitation value of the corresponding subarray-level phased array antenna as the current local optimal fitness value and the current local optimal excitation value;
(8b) judging whether the current local optimal value is smaller than the current global optimal fitness value, if so, executing the step (8g), otherwise, executing the step (8 d);
(8c) replacing the current global optimal fitness by the current local optimal fitness value, and executing the step (8g) after replacing the current global optimal excitation value by the current local optimal excitation value;
(8d) calculating the annealing parameters of the current iteration number according to the following formula:
wherein q represents the annealing parameter of the current iteration number, exp represents the exponential operation with a natural constant e as the base, p represents the current local optimal fitness value, f represents the current global optimal fitness value, Tm represents the simulated annealing temperature during the first iteration, K represents the current iteration number, the value range is [1, K ], and K represents the iteration number when the global optimal fitness value is converged;
(8e) judging whether the annealing parameters of the current iteration times are larger than the random number selected when the current iteration times are judged, if so, executing the step (8f), otherwise, executing the step (8 g);
(8f) replacing the current global optimal fitness value with the current local optimal fitness value, and replacing the current global optimal excitation value with the current local optimal excitation value;
(8g) recording the updated global optimal excitation value and global optimal fitness value;
(9) judging whether the current iteration number is equal to the total iteration number when the global optimal fitness value is converged, if so, executing the step (10), and if not, adding 1 to the iteration number and then executing the step (6);
(10) and obtaining a global optimal excitation value meeting the requirement of the side lobe suppression of a directional diagram of the subarray-level phased array antenna.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
firstly, when updating the subarray level normalized excitation value of the fruit fly population, the invention changes the position equation of the fruit fly population, selects the optimal subarray level normalized excitation value through the orthogonal crossing method, overcomes the problems that the control parameters are too much in the process of carrying out the subarray level phased antenna sidelobe suppression in the prior art, is easy to reduce the stability of the subarray level phased array antenna sidelobe suppression method, and thus the sidelobe suppression capability of the subarray level phased array antenna is reduced, so that the invention reduces the control parameters in the process of the subarray level phased array antenna sidelobe suppression, improves the stability of the sidelobe suppression method, and improves the sidelobe suppression capability of the subarray level phased array antenna.
Secondly, when the global optimal excitation value and the global optimal fitness value are selected, the poor solution is received into the global optimal excitation value and the global optimal fitness value with a certain probability through a simulated annealing mechanism, so that the problems that the existing technology is easy to fall into local optimization and premature convergence in the side lobe suppression process of the sub-array-level phased array antenna are solved, and the side lobe suppression performance of the amplitude of the directional diagram of the sub-array-level phased array antenna is improved to the maximum extent in the side lobe suppression process of the sub-array-level phased array antenna.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of eight types of subarrays according to the method of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a phased array antenna of a sub-array level according to the method of the present invention.
Fig. 4(a) is an amplitude diagram of a subarray-level phased array antenna pattern under the condition of phi being 0 according to a simulation example of the method of the present invention.
Fig. 4(b) is an amplitude diagram of a subarray-level phased array antenna pattern of a simulation example of the method of the present invention under the condition that θ is 0.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The steps of the present invention are described in further detail with reference to fig. 1.
In the xoy coordinate system, an x axis and a y axis are respectively used as sides of a rectangle, and array elements are sequentially placed along the x axis direction and the y axis direction according to the array element total number of the x axis and the array element total number of the y axis of the phased array antenna and the array element interval, so that a rectangular phased array antenna model is obtained.
And 2, dividing the subarray.
The sub-arrays are partitioned into matrix phased array antenna models without overlap using the X algorithm described below.
And step 1, sequentially rotating 8 array element L-shaped sub-arrays by 90 degrees clockwise to obtain four types of sub-arrays, and turning each of the four types by 180 degrees to obtain eight types of sub-arrays.
Referring to fig. 2, the 8-array element L-shaped sub-array is sequentially rotated by 90 degrees clockwise to obtain four types of sub-arrays, and the process of obtaining eight types of sub-arrays after each of the four types of sub-arrays is turned by 180 degrees is further described in detail.
The white squares in fig. 2 represent the antenna elements and the areas enclosed by the black bold lines represent the 8-element L-shaped sub-array. Fig. 2(a) is an 8-element L-shaped sub-array, fig. 2(b) is a sub-array obtained by rotating the sub-array in fig. 2(a) by 90 degrees clockwise, fig. 2(c) is a sub-array obtained by rotating the sub-array in fig. 2(b) by 90 degrees clockwise, fig. 2(d) is a sub-array obtained by rotating the sub-array in fig. 2(c) by 90 degrees clockwise, fig. 2(e) is a sub-array obtained by inverting the sub-array in fig. 2(a) by 180 degrees along the bottom edge, fig. 2(f) is a sub-array obtained by inverting the sub-array in fig. 2(b) by 180 degrees along the bottom edge, fig. 2(g) is a sub-array obtained by inverting the sub-array in fig. 2(c) by 180 degrees along the bottom edge, and fig. 2(h) is a sub-array obtained by inverting the sub-array in fig. 2(d) by 180 degrees along the bottom edge.
And 2, translating each subarray in the subarray-level phased array antenna, translating an array element up and down or left and right to obtain a distribution position matrix of the subarray in the subarray-level phased array antenna, wherein the number of columns of the matrix is equal to the number of columns of the subarray-level phased array antenna, the number of rows of the matrix is equal to the number of rows of the subarray-level phased array antenna, the position of the array element where the subarray is distributed is assigned to be '1', and the rest are assigned to be '0'.
and 4, randomly selecting a certain column of the matrix, randomly selecting a row with a value of 1 in the column, wherein the row becomes the number of the subarrays divided by the subarrays, simultaneously deleting the columns corresponding to all 1 in the row from the correlation matrix, and deleting the rows corresponding to all 1 in the columns from the correlation matrix.
And 5, judging whether all dimensions in the subarray division matrix are 0, if so, executing the 6 th step, and otherwise, executing the 4 th step.
And 6, obtaining a subarray-level phased array antenna model after the subarray division.
The results of the sub-array level phased array antenna model after sub-array division are described in further detail below with reference to fig. 3.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a subarray-level phased array antenna model after subarray division. The regions denoted by 1 to 16 in fig. 3 indicate 16 sub-arrays, the regions denoted by 1, 11 in fig. 3 indicate two sub-arrays of the same type as that in fig. 2(f), the regions denoted by 2, 5, 7, 8, 14 in fig. 3 indicate five sub-arrays of the same type as that in fig. 2(c), the region denoted by 3 in fig. 3 indicates the same type as that in fig. 2(e), the regions denoted by 4, 6, 9, 13 in fig. 3 indicate four sub-arrays of the same type as that in fig. 2(a), the regions denoted by 10, 12, 16 in fig. 3 indicate three sub-arrays of the same type as that in fig. 2(d), and the region denoted by 15 in fig. 3 indicates the same type as that in fig. 2 (b).
And 3, generating the fruit fly antenna population.
And in the range of [0,1], randomly selecting the subarray level normalized excitation values with the same number as the subarrays, and sequentially giving the subarray level normalized excitation values to each array element in each subarray in the subarray level antenna model to obtain the subarray level phased array antenna.
And generating sub-array-level phased array antennas which are equal to the total number of the antennas, and forming the fruit fly antenna population by all the sub-array-level phased array antennas.
And 4, calculating the adaptability value of each subarray-level phased array antenna in the fruit fly antenna population by using an adaptability formula.
The fitness formula is as follows:
wherein, VhThe fitness value of the H-th sub-array-level phased-array antenna in the fruit fly antenna population is shown, and the value range of H is [1, H]H represents the total number of the sub-array phased array antennas, max represents the maximum value operation, theta represents the pitch angle of the sub-array phased array antennas, and the range of the pitch angle is [ -pi/2, pi/2]Phi represents the circumferential rate symbol, phi represents the azimuth angle of the sub-array-level phased-array antenna, and the value range is [ -pi, pi]Belongs to the symbol, ShRepresenting a side lobe area of the amplitude of the h-th subarray-level phased-array antenna directional diagram in the subarray-level phased-array antenna population, wherein the value range of the area is a coordinate value corresponding to a minimum value of the maximum amplitude value of the subarray-level phased-array antenna directional diagram adjacent to the left and right of a pitch angle coordinate axis, a pitch angle area and an azimuth angle area outside a rectangular area are connected and constructed between coordinate values corresponding to minimum values adjacent to the left and right of an azimuth angle coordinate axis, lg represents logarithm operation with 10 as the base, | · | represents absolute value operation, L represents the total subarray number of the subarray-level phased-array antenna, and the total value of the subarray number of the phased-array antenna is the total number of the array elements of the phased-array antenna divided by the total number of the array elements contained in the subarray represents summation operation, L represents the subarray(l，h)Denotes the normalized excitation value of the ith sub-array level in the h-th sub-array level phased-array antenna, j denotes the imaginary number symbol, psilThe phase of the first subarray in the subarray-level phased array antenna is represented, I represents the total number of the array elements of the subarray-level phased array antenna, I represents the ordinal number of the array elements of the subarray-level phased array antenna, and deltalThe array element parameter of the ith subarray of the subarray-level phased array antenna is represented, when the ith array element belongs to the ith subarray, the value of the array element is '1', otherwise, the value of the array element is '0', and giThe normalized excitation value of the ith array element of the subarray-level phased array antenna is represented and is taken as '1',
indicating the phase, dx, of the ith element of a phased array antenna of subarray orderiIndicating the array element distance, dy, of the ith array element in the x-axis directioniThe array element distance of the ith array element along the y-axis direction is shown, sin (·) represents sine taking operation, and cos (·) represents cosine taking operation.
And 5, determining a global optimal excitation value and a fitness value.
And arranging the adaptability values of each subarray-level phased-array antenna in the fruit fly antenna population from large to small, taking the subarray-level normalized excitation value of the subarray-level phased-array antenna corresponding to the minimum adaptability in the sequencing of the adaptability values as a current global optimal excitation value, and taking the adaptability value corresponding to the global optimal excitation value as the current global optimal adaptability value.
And 6, updating the fruit fly antenna population by utilizing a particle collapse-orthogonal cross mechanism.
And respectively calculating the cubic quantum collapse position of each sub-array-level phased array antenna by using a quantum collapse position formula.
The quantum collapse position formula is as follows:
wherein, cl,h,bWhen the b-th quantum collapse position is calculated, the l-th quantum collapse position in the h-th antenna in the fruit fly antenna population is shown, and the value of b is 1, 2, 3, βl,bWhen the b-th particle collapse center is represented, the collapse parameter of the first sub-array level normalized excitation value is set to be 0,1]Randomly selected different numbers within the range uiRepresenting the first subarray level normalized excitation value in the global optimal normalized excitation value of the current iteration, α representing the contraction and expansion parameter, the value of which is obtained by firstly using the quotient of the current iteration number and the total iteration number and then subtracting the quotient by 2, ln representing the logarithm operation taking the natural constant as the base, dhThe quantum parameter of the h antenna in the fruit fly antenna population is represented, and the quantum parameter of each subarray-level phased array antenna is in [0,1]]Randomly chosen different numbers within the range.
And obtaining nine comprehensive experimental subarray-level normalized excitation values of each subarray-level phased-array antenna by utilizing the three-time quantum collapse position of each subarray-level phased-array antenna through an orthogonal crossing method.
The orthogonal crossing method is as follows:
and 1, dividing each quantum collapse position in the three quantum collapse positions into quarters.
And step 2, sequentially forming a first comprehensive experiment subarray-level normalized excitation value by four parts of the first quantum collapse position.
And step 3, forming a second comprehensive experiment subarray level normalized excitation value by sequentially using the first part of the first quantum collapse position and the second part, the third part and the fourth part of the second quantum collapse position.
And 4, forming a third comprehensive experiment subarray level normalized excitation value by sequentially using the first part of the first time quantum collapse position and the second part, the third part and the fourth part of the third time quantum collapse position.
And 5, forming a fourth comprehensive experimental subarray-level normalized excitation value by the first part of the second-time quantum collapse position, the second part of the first-time quantum collapse position, the third part of the second-time quantum collapse position and the fourth part of the third-time quantum collapse position in sequence.
and 7, forming a sixth comprehensive experimental subarray-level normalized excitation value by the first part of the second-time quantum collapse position, the second part of the third-time quantum collapse position, the third part of the first-time quantum collapse position and the fourth part of the second-time quantum collapse position in sequence.
And 8, forming a seventh comprehensive experimental subarray-level normalized excitation value by the first part of the third-time quantum collapse position, the second part of the first-time quantum collapse position, the third part of the third-time quantum collapse position and the fourth part of the second-time quantum collapse position in sequence.
And 9, forming an eighth comprehensive experimental subarray-level normalized excitation value by the first part of the third quantum collapse position, the second part of the second quantum collapse position, the third part of the first quantum collapse position and the fourth part of the third quantum collapse position in sequence.
And step 10, forming a ninth comprehensive experimental subarray level normalized excitation value by sequentially using the first part and the second part of the third quantum collapse position, the third part of the second quantum collapse position and the fourth part of the first quantum collapse position.
And respectively calculating the fitness values of the nine comprehensive experiment subarray-level normalized excitation values by using the fitness function.
The fitness function is as follows:
wherein, VhThe fitness value of the H-th sub-array-level phased-array antenna in the fruit fly antenna population is shown, and the value range of H is [1, H]H represents the total number of the sub-array phased array antennas, max represents the maximum value operation, theta represents the pitch angle of the sub-array phased array antennas, and the range of the pitch angle is [ -pi/2, pi/2]Phi represents the circumferential rate symbol, phi represents the azimuth angle of the sub-array-level phased-array antenna, and the value range is [ -pi, pi]Belongs to the symbol, ShRepresenting a side lobe area of the amplitude of the h-th subarray-level phased-array antenna directional diagram in the subarray-level phased-array antenna population, wherein the value range of the area is a coordinate value corresponding to a minimum value of the maximum amplitude value of the subarray-level phased-array antenna directional diagram adjacent to the left and right of a pitch angle coordinate axis, a pitch angle area and an azimuth angle area outside a rectangular area are connected and constructed between coordinate values corresponding to minimum values adjacent to the left and right of an azimuth angle coordinate axis, lg represents logarithm operation with 10 as the base, | · | represents absolute value operation, L represents the total subarray number of the subarray-level phased-array antenna, and the total value of the subarray number of the phased-array antenna is the total number of the array elements of the phased-array antenna divided by the total number of the array elements contained in the subarray represents summation operation, L represents the subarray(l，h)Denotes the normalized excitation value of the ith sub-array level in the h-th sub-array level phased-array antenna, j denotes the imaginary number symbol, psilThe phase of the first sub-array in the sub-array phased array antenna is represented, I represents the total number of the sub-array phased array antenna elements, and I represents the array elements of the sub-array phased array antennaOrdinal number, deltalThe array element parameter of the ith subarray of the subarray-level phased array antenna is represented, when the ith array element belongs to the ith subarray, the value of the array element is '1', otherwise, the value of the array element is '0', and giThe normalized excitation value of the ith array element of the subarray-level phased array antenna is represented and is taken as '1',
indicating the phase, dx, of the ith element of a phased array antenna of subarray orderiIndicating the array element distance, dy, of the ith array element in the x-axis directioniThe array element distance of the ith array element along the y-axis direction is shown, sin (·) represents sine taking operation, and cos (·) represents cosine taking operation.
And arranging the adaptability values of the nine comprehensive experimental subarray-level normalized excitation values from large to small, and taking the subarray-level normalized excitation value corresponding to the minimum adaptability value in the sequence as the subarray-level normalized excitation value of the subarray-level phased-array antenna of the new fruit fly antenna population.
And 7, respectively calculating the fitness value of each subarray-level phased array antenna of the updated fruit fly antenna population by using the fitness function.
The fitness function is as follows:
wherein, VhThe fitness value of the H-th sub-array-level phased-array antenna in the fruit fly antenna population is shown, and the value range of H is [1, H]H represents the total number of the sub-array phased array antennas, max represents the maximum value operation, theta represents the pitch angle of the sub-array phased array antennas, and the range of the pitch angle is [ -pi/2, pi/2]Phi represents the circumferential rate symbol, phi represents the azimuth angle of the sub-array-level phased-array antenna, and the value range is [ -pi, pi]Belongs to the symbol, ShA side lobe area for representing the amplitude of the h-th subarray-level phased-array antenna directional diagram in the subarray-level phased-array antenna population, wherein the value range of the side lobe area is the coordinate value corresponding to the adjacent minimum value of the maximum amplitude value of the subarray-level phased-array antenna directional diagram along the left and right of the pitch angle coordinate axis, and the value range of the side lobe area is the coordinate value along the azimuth angle coordinate axisThe method comprises the steps that a pitch angle area and an azimuth angle area outside a rectangular area are connected and constructed between coordinate values corresponding to left and right adjacent minimum values, lg represents logarithm operation with the base of 10, | · | represents absolute value operation, L represents the total number of sub-arrays of the sub-array-level phased-array antenna, the value is the total number of array elements of the phased-array antenna divided by the total number of array elements contained in the sub-arrays, Σ represents summation operation, L represents the number of the sub-arrays of the sub-array-level phased-array antenna, w represents the total number of the sub-arrays of the sub-array-level(l，h)Denotes the normalized excitation value of the ith sub-array level in the h-th sub-array level phased-array antenna, j denotes the imaginary number symbol, psilThe phase of the first subarray in the subarray-level phased array antenna is represented, I represents the total number of the array elements of the subarray-level phased array antenna, I represents the ordinal number of the array elements of the subarray-level phased array antenna, and deltalThe array element parameter of the ith subarray of the subarray-level phased array antenna is represented, when the ith array element belongs to the ith subarray, the value of the array element is '1', otherwise, the value of the array element is '0', and giThe normalized excitation value of the ith array element of the subarray-level phased array antenna is represented and is taken as '1',
indicating the phase, dx, of the ith element of a phased array antenna of subarray orderiIndicating the array element distance, dy, of the ith array element in the x-axis directioniThe array element distance of the ith array element along the y-axis direction is shown, sin (·) represents sine taking operation, and cos (·) represents cosine taking operation.
And 8, selecting a global optimal excitation value and a global optimal fitness value by using the following simulated annealing method.
And step 1, arranging the updated fitness values of the fruit fly antenna population from large to small, and respectively taking the minimum fitness in the sequence and the corresponding subarray-level normalized excitation value of the subarray-level phased array antenna as the current local optimal fitness value and the current local optimal excitation value.
And step 2, judging whether the current local optimal value is smaller than the current global optimal fitness value, if so, executing the step 7, otherwise, executing the step 4.
And 3, replacing the current global optimal fitness by the current local optimal fitness value, and executing the 7 step after replacing the current global optimal excitation value by the current local optimal excitation value.
And 4, calculating the annealing parameters of the current iteration times according to the following formula:
wherein q represents the annealing parameter of the current iteration number, e represents the exponential operation with a natural constant as the base, p represents the current local optimal fitness value, f represents the current global optimal fitness value, Tm represents the simulated annealing temperature during the first iteration, K represents the current iteration number, the value range is [1, K ], and K represents the iteration number when the global optimal fitness value is converged.
And 5, judging whether the annealing parameters of the current iteration times are larger than the random number selected when the current iteration times are, if so, executing the 6 th step, and otherwise, executing the 7 th step.
And 6, replacing the current global optimal fitness value with the current local optimal fitness value, and replacing the current global optimal excitation value with the current local optimal excitation value.
And 7, recording the updated global optimal excitation value and global optimal fitness value.
And 9, judging whether the current iteration number is equal to the total iteration number when the global optimal fitness value is converged, if so, executing the step 10, otherwise, adding 1 to the iteration number and executing the step 6.
And step 10, obtaining a global optimal excitation value meeting the requirement of the side lobe suppression of a directional diagram of the subarray-level phased array antenna.
The effect of the present invention will be further described with reference to simulation experiments.
1. Simulation experiment conditions are as follows:
the hardware test platform of the simulation experiment of the invention is as follows: the processor is a CPU intel Core i5-6500, the dominant frequency is 3.2GHz, and the memory is 4 GB; the software platform is as follows: windows 10 family version, 64-bit operating system, MATLAB R2016 a.
2. Simulation content and simulation result analysis:
the simulation experiment of the invention is to optimize the side lobe of the directional diagram amplitude of the subarray-level phased array antenna with the total number of antenna elements of 16 multiplied by 8 by using the method of the invention. The optimization method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of establishing a fruit fly antenna population with a total number of sub-array phased-array antennas of 80, updating a sub-array level normalized excitation value of the fruit fly antenna population through a quantum collapse-orthogonal intersection mechanism, then selecting a global optimal fitness value and a global optimal excitation value through a simulated annealing method, obtaining a global optimal excitation value meeting the requirement of side lobe suppression of a sub-array level phased-array antenna directional diagram after 100 iterations, and calculating to obtain an optimized sub-array level phased-array antenna directional diagram amplitude diagram.
Fig. 4(a) is an amplitude diagram of the optimized subarray-level phased array antenna directional diagram under the condition that phi is 0, wherein the horizontal axis of coordinates in fig. 4(a) represents the pitch angle of the subarray-level phased array antenna in degrees, and the vertical axis represents the amplitude value of the antenna directional diagram in dB. The region protruding at 0 degree in fig. 4(a) is a pattern main lobe region, and the remaining regions are pattern side lobe regions. In this pattern, the pattern maximum sidelobe level value is-19.7 dB.
Fig. 4(b) is a magnitude graph of the optimized subarray-level phased array antenna pattern under the condition that θ is 0, wherein the horizontal axis of coordinates in fig. 4(b) represents the azimuth angle of the subarray-level phased array antenna in degrees, and the vertical axis represents the magnitude value of the antenna pattern in dB. The region protruding at 0 degree in fig. 4(b) is a pattern main lobe region, and the remaining regions are pattern side lobe regions. In this pattern, the pattern maximum sidelobe level value is-19.33 dB.
Claims (4)
1. A comprehensive method of a subarray-level phased-array antenna directional diagram based on a fruit fly algorithm is characterized in that a subarray-level phased-array antenna population is used as a fruit fly population, a subarray-level normalized excitation value of the fruit fly population is updated by adopting a particle collapse-orthogonal cross mechanism, and a global optimal excitation value and a global optimal fitness value are obtained through a simulated annealing method; the method comprises the following steps:
(1) establishing a phased array antenna model:
in the xoy coordinate system, an x axis and a y axis are respectively used as sides of a rectangle, and array elements are sequentially placed along the x axis direction and the y axis direction according to the array element total number of the x axis and the array element total number of the y axis of the phased array antenna and the array element interval, so that a rectangular phase antenna model is obtained;
(2) dividing a subarray:
dividing the subarrays into rectangular antenna models in an non-overlapping mode by utilizing the following X algorithm;
firstly, sequentially rotating 8-array-element L-shaped sub-arrays by 90 degrees clockwise to obtain four types of sub-arrays, and turning each sub-array by 180 degrees to obtain eight types of sub-arrays;
secondly, each subarray is translated in the subarray-level phased array antenna, an array element is translated up and down or left and right to obtain a distribution position matrix of the subarray in the subarray-level phased array antenna, the number of columns of the matrix is equal to the number of columns of the subarray-level phased array antenna, the number of rows of the matrix is equal to the number of rows of the subarray-level phased array antenna, the position of the array element where the subarray is distributed is assigned to be '1', and the rest are assigned to be '0';
thirdly, compressing each subarray distribution position matrix into a column, wherein the number of columns is equal to the total number of subarray-level phased-array antenna elements, forming a subarray division matrix by the compressed distribution position matrix of each subarray, the number of rows of the matrix is equal to the total number of the distribution positions of all the subarrays, and the number of columns of the matrix is equal to the total number of the subarray-level phased-array antenna elements;
step four, a certain column of the matrix is randomly selected, a row where a '1' value is located is randomly selected from the column, the row becomes the sub-array number divided by the sub-array, simultaneously, the operation of deleting the rows corresponding to all '1' in the row from the related matrix is carried out, and the operation of deleting the rows corresponding to all '1' in the columns from the related matrix is carried out;
fifthly, judging whether all dimensions in the subarray division matrix are 0, if so, obtaining a subarray-level antenna model, and if not, executing the fourth step;
(3) and (3) generating a fruit fly antenna population:
(3a) randomly selecting subarray-level normalized excitation values with the same number as the subarrays within the range of [0,1], and sequentially giving the subarray-level normalized excitation values to each array element in each subarray in the subarray-level antenna model to obtain a subarray-level phased array antenna;
(3b) generating sub-array-level phased-array antennas which are equal to the total number of the antennas, and forming a fruit fly antenna population by all the sub-array-level phased-array antennas;
(4) calculating the adaptability value of each subarray-level phased array antenna in the fruit fly antenna population by using an adaptability formula;
(5) determining a global optimal excitation value and a fitness value:
arranging the adaptability values of each subarray-level phased-array antenna in the fruit fly antenna population from large to small, taking the subarray-level normalized excitation value of the subarray-level phased-array antenna corresponding to the minimum adaptability in the sequencing of the adaptability values as a current global optimal excitation value, and taking the adaptability value corresponding to the global optimal excitation value as the current global optimal adaptability value;
(6) updating the fruit fly antenna population by utilizing a particle collapse-orthogonal cross mechanism:
(6a) respectively calculating the cubic quantum collapse position of each sub-array phased-array antenna by using a quantum collapse position formula;
(6b) obtaining nine comprehensive experimental subarray-level normalized excitation values of each subarray-level phased array antenna by utilizing the three-time quantum collapse position of each subarray-level phased array antenna through an orthogonal crossing method;
(6c) respectively calculating the fitness values of the nine comprehensive experimental subarray-level normalized excitation values by using a fitness formula;
(6d) arranging the fitness values of the nine comprehensive experimental subarray-level normalized excitation values from large to small, and taking the subarray-level normalized excitation value corresponding to the minimum fitness value in the sequence as the subarray-level normalized excitation value of the subarray-level phased-array antenna of the new fruit fly antenna population;
(7) respectively calculating the fitness value of each subarray-level phased array antenna of the fruit fly antenna population after updating by using a fitness formula;
(8) selecting a global optimal excitation value and a global optimal fitness value by utilizing the following simulated annealing method:
(8a) arranging the updated fitness values of the fruit fly antenna population from large to small, and respectively taking the minimum fitness in the sequencing and the subarray-level normalized excitation value of the corresponding subarray-level phased array antenna as the current local optimal fitness value and the current local optimal excitation value;
(8b) judging whether the current local optimal value is smaller than the current global optimal fitness value, if so, executing the step (8g), otherwise, executing the step (8 d);
(8c) replacing the current global optimal fitness by the current local optimal fitness value, and executing the step (8g) after replacing the current global optimal excitation value by the current local optimal excitation value;
(8d) calculating the annealing parameters of the current iteration number according to the following formula:
wherein q represents the annealing parameter of the current iteration number, exp represents the exponential operation with a natural constant e as the base, p represents the current local optimal fitness value, f represents the current global optimal fitness value, Tm represents the simulated annealing temperature during the first iteration, K represents the current iteration number, the value range is [1, K ], and K represents the iteration number when the global optimal fitness value is converged;
(8e) judging whether the annealing parameters of the current iteration times are larger than the random number selected when the current iteration times are judged, if so, executing the step (8f), otherwise, executing the step (8 g);
(8f) replacing the current global optimal fitness value with the current local optimal fitness value, and replacing the current global optimal excitation value with the current local optimal excitation value;
(8g) recording the updated global optimal excitation value and global optimal fitness value;
(9) judging whether the current iteration number is equal to the total iteration number when the global optimal fitness value is converged, if so, executing the step (10), and if not, adding 1 to the iteration number and then executing the step (6);
(10) and obtaining a global optimal excitation value meeting the requirement of the side lobe suppression of a directional diagram of the subarray-level phased array antenna.
2. The drosophila algorithm-based subarray-level phased array antenna directional pattern synthesis method according to claim 1, wherein the fitness formula in step (4), step (6c), and step (7) is as follows:
wherein, VhThe fitness value of the H-th sub-array-level phased-array antenna in the fruit fly antenna population is shown, and the value range of H is [1, H]H represents the total number of the sub-array phased array antennas, max represents the maximum value operation, theta represents the pitch angle of the sub-array phased array antennas, and the range of the pitch angle is [ -pi/2, pi/2]Phi represents the circumferential rate symbol, phi represents the azimuth angle of the sub-array-level phased-array antenna, and the value range is [ -pi, pi]Belongs to the symbol, ShRepresenting a side lobe area of the amplitude of the h-th subarray-level phased-array antenna directional diagram in the subarray-level phased-array antenna population, wherein the value range of the area is a coordinate value corresponding to a minimum value of the maximum amplitude value of the subarray-level phased-array antenna directional diagram adjacent to the left and right of a pitch angle coordinate axis, a pitch angle area and an azimuth angle area outside a rectangular area are connected and constructed between coordinate values corresponding to minimum values adjacent to the left and right of an azimuth angle coordinate axis, lg represents logarithm operation with 10 as the base, | · | represents absolute value operation, L represents the total subarray number of the subarray-level phased-array antenna, and the total value of the subarray number of the phased-array antenna is the total number of the array elements of the phased-array antenna divided by the total number of the array elements contained in the subarray represents summation operation, L represents the subarray(l，h)Denotes the normalized excitation value of the ith sub-array level in the h-th sub-array level phased-array antenna, j denotes the imaginary number symbol, psilThe phase of the first subarray in the subarray-level phased array antenna is represented, I represents the total number of the array elements of the subarray-level phased array antenna, I represents the ordinal number of the array elements of the subarray-level phased array antenna, and deltalThe array element parameter of the ith subarray of the subarray-level phased array antenna is represented, when the ith array element belongs to the ith subarray, the value of the array element is '1', otherwise, the value of the array element is '0', and giIndicating the ith of phased array antenna of subarray levelThe normalized excitation value of the array element is 1,
indicating the phase, dx, of the ith element of a phased array antenna of subarray orderiIndicating the array element distance, dy, of the ith array element in the x-axis directioniThe array element distance of the ith array element along the y-axis direction is shown, sin (·) represents sine taking operation, and cos (·) represents cosine taking operation.
3. The drosophila algorithm-based subarray-level phased array antenna pattern synthesis method according to claim 2, wherein the quantum collapse position formula in step (6a) is as follows:
wherein, cl,h,bWhen the b-th quantum collapse position is calculated, the l-th quantum collapse position in the h-th antenna in the fruit fly antenna population is shown, and the value of b is 1, 2, 3, βl,bWhen the b-th particle collapse center is represented, the collapse parameter of the first sub-array level normalized excitation value is set to be 0,1]Randomly selected different numbers within the range uiRepresenting the first subarray level normalized excitation value in the global optimal normalized excitation value of the current iteration, α representing the contraction and expansion parameter, the value of which is obtained by firstly using the quotient of the current iteration number and the total iteration number and then subtracting the quotient by 2, ln representing the logarithm operation taking the natural constant as the base, dhThe quantum parameter of the h-th sub-array-level phased array antenna in the fruit fly antenna population is represented, and the quantum parameter of each sub-array-level phased array antenna is [0,1]]Randomly chosen different numbers within the range.
4. The drosophila algorithm based subarray-level phased array antenna pattern synthesis method according to claim 1, wherein the step of said cross-quadrature method in step (6b) is as follows:
step one, dividing each quantum collapse position in the three quantum collapse positions into four equal parts;
the second step, the four parts of the first quantum collapse position form a first comprehensive experiment subarray level normalized excitation value;
thirdly, forming a second comprehensive experimental subarray-level normalized excitation value by sequentially forming a first part of the first quantum collapse position and a second part, a third part and a fourth part of the second quantum collapse position;
fourthly, forming a third comprehensive experimental subarray level normalized excitation value by the first part of the first time quantum collapse position and the second part, the third part and the fourth part of the third time quantum collapse position in sequence;
fifthly, forming a fourth comprehensive experimental subarray-level normalized excitation value by a first part of a second-time quantum collapse position, a second part of a first-time quantum collapse position, a third part of the second-time quantum collapse position and a fourth part of a third-time quantum collapse position in sequence;
sixthly, forming a fifth comprehensive experimental subarray level normalized excitation value by the first part and the second part of the second-time quantum collapse position, the third part of the third-time quantum collapse position and the fourth part of the first-time quantum collapse position in sequence;
seventhly, forming a sixth comprehensive experimental subarray-level normalized excitation value by the first part of the second-time quantum collapse position, the second part of the third-time quantum collapse position, the third part of the first-time quantum collapse position and the fourth part of the second-time quantum collapse position in sequence;
eighthly, forming a seventh comprehensive experimental subarray-level normalized excitation value by the first part of the third-time quantum collapse position, the second part of the first-time quantum collapse position, the third part of the third-time quantum collapse position and the fourth part of the second-time quantum collapse position in sequence;
the ninth step, forming an eighth comprehensive experimental subarray level normalized excitation value by the first part of the third quantum collapse position, the second part of the second quantum collapse position, the third part of the first quantum collapse position and the fourth part of the third quantum collapse position in sequence;
and step ten, forming a ninth comprehensive experimental subarray level normalized excitation value by the first part and the second part of a third quantum collapse position, the third part of a second quantum collapse position and the fourth part of the first quantum collapse position in sequence.
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