CN109187422A - The recognition methods by diaphania harm initial stage mulberry leaf based on terahertz light spectral technology - Google Patents
The recognition methods by diaphania harm initial stage mulberry leaf based on terahertz light spectral technology Download PDFInfo
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- 235000008708 Morus alba Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 240000000249 Morus alba Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 241000832201 Diaphania Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000001328 terahertz time-domain spectroscopy Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000411 transmission spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000513 principal component analysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 10
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 5
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 210000004681 ovum Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012706 support-vector machine Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 241000255789 Bombyx mori Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009418 agronomic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000022853 pityriasis simplex Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
- G01N21/3581—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light using far infrared light; using Terahertz radiation
- G01N21/3586—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light using far infrared light; using Terahertz radiation by Terahertz time domain spectroscopy [THz-TDS]
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of recognition methods by diaphania harm initial stage mulberry leaf based on terahertz light spectral technology, comprising steps of acquisition health and the mulberry leaf by diaphania harm, as sample to be tested, the spectrum of each blade is obtained with terahertz time-domain spectroscopy instrument, the a plurality of time-domain spectroscopy that will acquire takes the average terahertz time-domain spectroscopy as the sample, and terahertz time-domain spectroscopy is converted into Terahertz frequency domain spectra;Optical transmission spectra is extracted from Terahertz frequency domain spectra, and baseline and smooth pretreatment are carried out to transmitted spectrum;Health and the class numbers of aggrieved mulberry leaf are assigned a value of 1 and 0 respectively, then with by baseline and smooth pretreated optical transmission spectra progress principal component analysis, carry out least square method supporting vector machine analysis modeling again;Acquisition health and aggrieved mulberry leaf obtain the terahertz time-domain spectroscopy of mulberry leaf, bring into model built as forecast sample, carry out the identification that initial stage mulberry leaf are endangered by diaphania.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the recognition methods fields of mulberry leaf, and in particular to a kind of being endangered by diaphania based on terahertz light spectral technology
The recognition methods of evil initial stage mulberry leaf.
Background technique
Diaphania is one of important pests of mulberry tree, is caused harm summer and autumn mulberry leaf with its larva, aggrieved most heavy with late fall mulberry leaf, is occurred
When serious, mulberry yield is caused to decline, quality deteriorates, and influences sericultural production.The spinning of diaphania summer and autumn larva sew leaf at leaf roll or
Folded leaf, larva hide wherein nozzle and eat mesophyll, remain vein and epicuticle, form transparent taupe film, rupture pore-forming afterwards.Its
Manure contamination blade, influences Quality of Mulberry Leaves.Causing harm because of the worm for 9~October causes mulberry leaf withered and yellow, influences autumn feeding silkworm or causes silkworm
Disease.Based on this, the more early mulberry tree pest control the more significant, but diaphania harm at present is mainly by based on artificial observation, it is difficult to mention
The mulberry leaf institutional framework of preceding prevention, experience diaphania harm initial stage changes, and can not visually identify, only by its other party
Method is timely prevented and treated to find pityriasis simplex.
With the fast development of spectral technique, near infrared spectrum detection method, EO-1 hyperion detection method, Electromagnetic Wave Detection method and too
Hertz wave spectrum (Terahert, THz) detection method is widely used in plant pest Study of recognition.Since a large amount of macromolecular is vibrated
With rotational energy level all in terahertz wave band (0.1~10THz), very strong absorption and resonance are shown in terahertz wave band, and
And the tera-hertz spectra of substance includes physical message abundant and chemical information.For most of organic-biological macromolecular,
Terahertz wave band has fingerprint characteristic, can be used for the identification of substance.In addition, the low avoidable biological cell of Terahertz photon energy
Burn and photoionization damage.Terahertz has stronger penetrability, can penetrate as this relatively thin biology of mulberry leaf
Sample.Therefore, tera-hertz spectra detection technique has certain advantage whether identification mulberry leaf undergoes diaphania to endanger.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of recognition methods by diaphania harm initial stage mulberry leaf based on terahertz light spectral technology, can be right
In the management of mulberry tree, realization can find diaphania insect pest as early as possible, solve based on conventional artificial observation, it is difficult to take precautions against in advance
Problem.
The present invention utilizes fingerprint, the high-penetration, low damaging of Terahertz Technology, is carried out using terahertz light spectral technology
The identification whether mulberry leaf undergoes diaphania to endanger.Experiment select identical growing environment identical growth period health blade with
And the mulberry leaf by diaphania harm initial stage, the time domain of mulberry leaf is acquired by terahertz time-domain spectroscopy instrument transmission-type module
Time-domain spectroscopy is converted to frequency domain spectra by Fourier transformation by spectrum, then extraction Terahertz is saturating on the basis of frequency domain spectra
Cross rate spectrum.Then pretreatment optimization is carried out to optical parameter spectrum, uses minimum two after principal component analysis (PCA) clustering
Multiply support vector machines analysis and distinguishes identification to healthy leaves and by the blade at diaphania harm initial stage.Invention is to the greatest extent
Early discovery mulberry tree diaphania insect pest is simultaneously prevented and treated with certain theory and practice directive significance.
Specific technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of recognition methods by diaphania harm initial stage mulberry leaf based on terahertz light spectral technology, comprising:
Step 1, the mulberry tree for not occurring diaphania insect pest is picked out;
Step 2, the artificial controllable long 12mm-15mm of placement body or so is carried out to the mulberry tree sample screened in step 1
Diaphania larva, and exercise supervision to the activity of diaphania, acquire primary vane at regular intervals, while diaphania children is not put in acquisition
The healthy mulberry leaf of worm and the mulberry leaf after by the harm of diaphania larva, obtain mulberry leaf sample;
Step 3, using the terahertz time-domain spectroscopy of terahertz time-domain spectroscopy instrument acquisition reference signal and mulberry leaf;By Terahertz
Time-domain spectroscopy is converted into Terahertz frequency domain spectra;
Step 4, optical transmission spectra is extracted from Terahertz frequency domain spectra;And baseline and smooth pre- is carried out to optical transmission spectra
Processing;
Step 5, the class number of healthy mulberry leaf and the mulberry leaf after by the harm of diaphania larva is assigned a value of 1 and 0 respectively, so
Least square method supporting vector machine discriminant analysis modeling is carried out with by baseline and smooth pretreated optical transmission spectra respectively afterwards;
Step 6, two class mulberry leaf in the step of acquisition (2) obtain the terahertz time-domain spectroscopy of two class mulberry leaf, through step
(4) it is brought into step (5) model built after handling, carries out the identification for being endangered initial stage mulberry leaf by diaphania.
Preferably, in step 1, successively to the first three years, the first two years and the previous mulberry tree for being not affected by diaphania harm every year into
Row screening, and mulberry tree is carried out to have seen whether worm's ovum, select three plants of mulberry treies of not worm's ovum.
Preferably, on same strain mulberry tree, choosing the mulberry leaf of suitable size in step 2, placing diaphania larva, simultaneously
It is not prevented from diaphania larva and goes to other blades, with net apart from the mulberry leaf of diaphania larva, wanted by the selection that diaphania endangers mulberry leaf
Guarantee that diaphania larva stays for some time on mulberry leaf, the collecting sample time is respectively to place diaphania larva 10 minutes, 30 points
Clock and when 1 hour.Health and aggrieved blade respectively acquire 20 every time, as sample to be tested.
Preferably, selection is acquired multiple and different points, Mei Gedian by the different parts of diaphania harm initial stage mulberry leaf altogether
Position repeated acquisition is multiple, takes the average time-domain spectroscopy final as the blade.Specifically, being directed to each mulberry leaf sample in step (3)
This, selects mesophyll position, avoids vein position, acquires 12 different points, each point repeated acquisition 3 times altogether, acquires altogether
This 36 spectrums are taken the average time-domain spectroscopy final as the blade by 36 time-domain spectroscopies.The time of integration is 39.2ps, time domain light
The sampling number of spectrum is 1000, temporal resolution 39.2fs.
Preferably, in the detection process, drying nitrogen is filled in pattern detection storehouse, air humidity control is lower than 5%, uses
The transmission scan module of terahertz time-domain spectroscopy system, when obtaining using drying nitrogen as the Terahertz of the reference signal mulberry leaf of background
Domain spectrum.
Frequency domain spectra is obtained after being fourier transformed in step (4), taking band limits is 0.1~4THz, frequency discrimination
Rate is 25.5GHz.
Preferably, being directed to optical parameter spectrum in step (4), the saturating of the higher 0.1~3THz frequency range of signal-to-noise ratio is extracted
After crossing rate spectrum, after the spectral coverage that chosen spectrum range is 0.1~3THz carries out principal component analysis (PCA) clustering, using most
Small two multiply support vector machines (LS-SVM) modeling.
Preferably, the method for the smoothing processing is that Savitzky-Golay is smooth.To achieve the purpose that denoising optimization.
Preferably, the type number difference amplitude of two kinds of mulberry leaf is 1 and 0 in step (2), then with healthy mulberry leaf and by
The optical transmission spectra of evil mulberry leaf carries out least square method supporting vector machine discriminant analysis method respectively and is modeled.
The present invention obtains health and is endangered time-domain spectroscopy of the mulberry leaf in 0-39.2ps by diaphania;Time-domain spectroscopy is carried out
Fourier transformation obtains the frequency spectrum within the scope of 0.1~4THz;According to frequency spectrum, extract signal-to-noise ratio higher 0.1~
Optical transmission spectra within the scope of 3THz;It is compiled respectively with the classification of two kinds of mulberry leaf using the optical transmission spectra within the scope of 0.1~3THz
Number carry out least square method supporting vector machine analysis modeling, according to model result analyze being endangered by diaphania based on terahertz light spectral technology
The feasibility and accuracy of evil mulberry leaf recognition methods.
The invention patent utilizes terahertz light spectral technology, and research is to the identification situation for being endangered mulberry leaf by diaphania, to sending out as early as possible
Existing mulberry tree diaphania insect pest simultaneously prevents and treats the application that THz is illustrated with substantial worth in agricultural, diseases and pests of agronomic crop identification field
Prospect.
Modeling collection precision based on the built LS-SVM model of optical transmission spectra is 100%, forecast set precision is 86.67%.
For based on terahertz light spectral technology by the recognition methods of diaphania harm initial stage mulberry leaf, it is artificial compared to traditional
Observation, tera-hertz spectra detection technique due to fingerprint characteristic, high-penetration, coherence, transient response, strong absorptive,
The unique characteristic such as low energy damaging can more find mulberry tree diaphania insect pest in time.Therefore, tera-hertz spectra is for by diaphania
One of the scientific method of harm initial stage mulberry leaf identification.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of recognition methods of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is terahertz time-domain spectroscopy instrument index path;
Fig. 3 is based on Terahertz optical transmission spectra figure;
Fig. 4 is based on Terahertz optical transmission spectra model result figure.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment and attached drawing, the present invention will be described in detail, but the present invention is not limited to this.
As shown in Figure 1, the recognition methods by diaphania harm initial stage mulberry leaf in the present embodiment based on terahertz light spectral technology,
The following steps are included:
(1) sample prepare and obtain: successively to the first three years, the first two years and it is previous every year be not affected by diaphania harm mulberry tree into
Row screening, and mulberry tree is carried out to have seen whether worm's ovum, three plants of healthy mulberry treies of not worm's ovum are selected, this mulberry tree is requiring growth just
Often.The diaphania larva that artificial controllable long 12mm-15mm of placement body or so is carried out to the healthy mulberry tree that screening obtains, is divided into three
Group, number are respectively a, b, c, are individually placed on the mulberry leaf of three plants of mulberry treies, mulberry leaf size is suitable, keeps identical leaf position as far as possible
Intact leaf similar in leaf blade size.The activity of diaphania is limited and supervised, to prevent diaphania larva from going to other blades,
With net apart from the mulberry leaf of diaphania larva, while video camera is placed on periphery, observes the activity of every diaphania.A, b, c are numbered
The mulberry tree collecting sample time be respectively when placement diaphania larva 10 minutes, 30 minutes and 1 hour, on same strain mulberry tree
Healthy and aggrieved blade respectively acquires 20, as sample to be tested.
(2) spectra collection: laboratory apparatus uses CIP-THz transmission scan system.Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy instrument index path is such as
It include: femto-second laser 1 and spectroscope 2, motor 3, exploring antenna 4, throwing in direct impulse optical path shown in Fig. 2, in figure
Object lens 5, sample 6 and lock-in amplifier 7, reflective back mirror 8, voice coil motor 9, condenser lens 10 in excitation pulse optical path,
Transmitting antenna 11, silicon lens 12 and parabolic lens 13.Sample 6, parabolic lens 5 and parabolic lens 13 are placed in sample bin.To sample storehouse
The drying nitrogen being inside full of makes internal system humidity less than 5%.During entirely sweeping spectrum, constant indoor temperature 295K is tested, it is relatively wet
Degree is permanent to be lower than 20%.The reference spectra using nitrogen as background is first acquired, the sample to be tested being collected then is detected.Each leaf
Piece selects 9 different points (selection mesophyll part, avoid vein position), each point repeated acquisition 3 times.Will acquire 27
Time-domain spectroscopy takes the average terahertz time-domain spectroscopy as the sample, as shown in Figure 3.
(3) spectral manipulation: sample terahertz time-domain spectroscopy collected is subjected to Fourier transformation, is converted into corresponding frequency
The main optical parameter spectrum of transmitance T (ω) of institute's sample is calculated in domain modal data.The band limits of extraction is 0.1
~3THz carries out smoothing denoising processing to optical transmission spectra using Savitzky-Golay method after Baseline Survey.
The frequency-domain waveform of terahertz sources is E0(ω), the transmitting frequency-domain waveform that detector directly receives is reference light
Compose Eref(ω), the frequency-domain waveform that detector receives after sample are sample signal Esample(ω).The sample of measurement is macro
Complex refractivity index n~indicate can be used by seeing optical property:
Wherein, n (ω) is the actual refractive index of sample, it describes the dispersion of sample;K (ω) is extinction coefficient, it
The absorption characteristic of sample is described.The π of ω=2 f, f are frequency.Free space air refraction is 1, then reference spectra Eref
(ω) expression formula are as follows:
L is terahertz pulse in the distance of free-space propagation, and c is the light velocity, and the signal spectrum across sample may be expressed as:
Wherein d is thickness of sample, and 1/ (n (ω)+1) and 2n (ω)/(n (ω)+1) are respectively terahertz pulse incidence sample
With the transmission coefficient of outgoing sample.Therefore, transmissivity of the terahertz pulse after sample can indicate are as follows:
(4) model foundation: a and is assigned a value of healthy mulberry leaf in tri- groups of b, c respectively by the number that diaphania endangers mulberry leaf
1 and 0, then with by Savitzky-Golay method processing after optical transmission spectra carry out respectively principal component analysis and minimum two
Multiply support vector machines analysis modeling, as shown in Figure 4.Health and the identification of aggrieved mulberry leaf are carried out according to model result, as a result:
Modeling collection precision based on the built LS-SVM model of optical transmission spectra is 100%, forecast set precision is 86.67%.Illustrate to use
The common optical transmission spectra of Terahertz accurate can identify and identify healthy mulberry leaf and be endangered mulberry leaf by diaphania, examine in agricultural
There is important promotional value on measuring plants pest and disease damage.
The foregoing is merely preferable implementation examples of the invention, are not intended to restrict the invention, it is all in spirit of that invention and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of recognition methods by diaphania harm initial stage mulberry leaf based on terahertz light spectral technology, which is characterized in that including such as
Lower step:
Step 1, mulberry leaf acquisition health and endangered by diaphania are obtained every as sample to be tested with terahertz time-domain spectroscopy instrument
The spectrum of a blade, a plurality of time-domain spectroscopy that will acquire takes the average terahertz time-domain spectroscopy as the sample, when by Terahertz
Domain spectrum is converted into Terahertz frequency domain spectra;
Step 2, optical transmission spectra is extracted from Terahertz frequency domain spectra, and baseline and smooth pretreatment are carried out to transmitted spectrum;
Step 3, the class number of health and aggrieved mulberry leaf is assigned a value of 1 and 0 respectively, then and by baseline and smooth pretreatment
Optical transmission spectra carry out principal component analysis, carry out least square method supporting vector machine analysis modeling again;
Step 4, acquisition health and aggrieved mulberry leaf obtain the terahertz time-domain spectroscopy of mulberry leaf, through step 2 place as forecast sample
It is brought into after reason in step 3 model built, carries out the identification for being endangered initial stage mulberry leaf by diaphania.
2. the recognition methods by diaphania harm initial stage mulberry leaf based on terahertz light spectral technology as described in claim 1, feature
It is, selects that leaf position on identical planting environment and the mulberry tree that grows fine is consistent, blade is complete in step 1 and step 4
Mulberry leaf.
3. the recognition methods by diaphania harm initial stage mulberry leaf based on terahertz light spectral technology as described in claim 1, feature
It is, it is more to be acquired multiple and different points, each point repeated acquisition by the different parts of diaphania harm initial stage mulberry leaf altogether for selection
It is secondary, take the average time-domain spectroscopy final as the blade.
4. the recognition methods by diaphania harm initial stage mulberry leaf based on terahertz light spectral technology as described in claim 1, feature
It is, after extracting Terahertz optical transmission spectra, the spectral coverage that chosen spectrum range is 0.1~3THz carries out principal component analysis.
5. the recognition methods by diaphania harm initial stage mulberry leaf based on terahertz light spectral technology as described in claim 1, feature
It is, obtains in spectroscopy procedure, detects and fill drying nitrogen in storehouse, air humidity controls within 5%, using terahertz time-domain light
The transmission scan module of spectra system is obtained using drying nitrogen as the reference signal terahertz time-domain spectroscopy of background.
6. the recognition methods by diaphania harm initial stage mulberry leaf based on terahertz light spectral technology according to claim 5, special
Sign is that the temporal resolution of terahertz time-domain spectroscopy is 39.2fs.
7. the recognition methods by diaphania harm initial stage mulberry leaf based on terahertz light spectral technology according to claim 1, special
Sign is, terahertz time-domain spectroscopy progress Fourier transformation is obtained the frequency spectrum within the scope of 0.1~4THz.
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