CN109186765A - A kind of polarization spectrum analysis system based on 45 ° of inclined optical fiber gratings - Google Patents
A kind of polarization spectrum analysis system based on 45 ° of inclined optical fiber gratings Download PDFInfo
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- CN109186765A CN109186765A CN201811147615.1A CN201811147615A CN109186765A CN 109186765 A CN109186765 A CN 109186765A CN 201811147615 A CN201811147615 A CN 201811147615A CN 109186765 A CN109186765 A CN 109186765A
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- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
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- 238000010183 spectrum analysis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 50
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- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
- G01J3/447—Polarisation spectrometry
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/02—Details
- G01J3/0205—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. optical manifolds, diffusers, windows
- G01J3/0218—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. optical manifolds, diffusers, windows using optical fibers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of polarization spectrum analysis systems based on 45 ° of inclined optical fiber gratings, including for by the incoming optical fiber of external signal optical transport to spectroscopic analysis system, for analyzing the S polarized light spectrophotometric unit of the S polarized light ingredient in signal light, S-polarization optical receiver lens group, S-polarization photo detecting unit, for analyzing the P-polarized light spectrophotometric unit of the P-polarized light ingredient in signal light, P polarization optical receiver lens group and P polarization photo detecting unit；Wherein S polarized light and P polarization optical receiver lens group are used to for the hot spot for corresponding to polarization state to be focused compression collimation；S polarized light and P polarization photo detecting unit, which are used to receive corresponding polarized light signal and are converted into electric signal, is uploaded to spectral information and polarization information that host computer processing obtains signal light.Structure of the invention is compact, has good portability and stability, is suitable for on-line checking and rapid survey；Meanwhile it being also with a wide range of applications in the fields such as polarization imaging and polarization spectrum analysis.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to spectroscopic analysis system fields, more particularly, to a kind of polarization based on 45 ° of inclined optical fiber gratings
Spectroscopic analysis system.
Background technique
In fields such as environmental monitoring, geological prospecting, health and epidemic preventions, it usually needs the collected sample of institute is analyzed,
To obtain its corresponding constituent, to be evaluated it and be judged.Spectroscopic analysis methods be common analysis method it
One, spectra methods not only has higher sensitivity and accuracy, can also realize non-destructive testing, can be in a relatively short period of time
Multiple components are carried out while being analyzed.The key of spectra methods is spectrometric instrument, and most important one is exactly spectrum
Instrument.But currently used spectrometer is mostly to realize that the spectrum analysis to signal light is surveyed by rotating light splitting part therein
Fixed, whole system includes mobilizable component, and anti-seismic performance is poor, therefore it is real not to be suitable for the field that environment is complicated, severe
Ground Real-time measuring and analyzing, while the price of current spectrometer is more high, maintenance cost is higher, is unfavorable for the wide of spectrum analysis
General application.
In addition to there is polarization in the imaging of polarization correlation spectrum and polarization correlation spectroscopy field in species analysis field
The spectrometer of characteristic also has important application.By analyzing polarization spectrum, more information can be obtained.Current polarised light
Spectrum analysis system usually divides polarized component different in signal light using polarization beam splitting devices such as polarization beam apparatus
From, then in receiving end reception analysis is carried out with analyzing device, therefore the structure of this system and optical path are complex, optical element
It is more, cause whole stability and system effectiveness lower.
Summary of the invention
In view of the drawbacks of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of polarizations based on 45 ° of inclined optical fiber gratings
Spectroscopic analysis system, it is intended to solve existing spectrometer and largely pass through rotation light splitting part realization therein to the light of signal light
Spectrum analysis measurement, whole system includes mobilizable component, causes stability poor, is not suitable for environment complexity, severe open country
Outer Real-time measuring and analyzing on the spot；Existing spectrometer is not suitable for largely polarizing correlation spectrum imaging light related to polarization simultaneously
The problem of spectrum analysis field.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of polarization spectrum analysis system based on 45 ° of inclined optical fiber gratings,
Including being passed to optical fiber, S polarized light spectrophotometric unit, S-polarization optical receiver lens group, S-polarization photo detecting unit, P-polarized light light splitting list
Member, P polarization optical receiver lens group, P polarization photo detecting unit.
Above-mentioned incoming optical fiber is polarization maintaining optical fibre, and front end is connected with extraneous Optic transmission fiber, and end is successively divided with S polarized light single
Member is connected with P-polarized light spectrophotometric unit, for external optical signal to be passed in spectroscopic analysis system.
Above-mentioned S polarized light spectrophotometric unit is 45 ° of inclined optical fiber gratings being located in polarization maintaining optical fibre fast axle, 45 ° of oblique lights
Fine grating inclination angle is 45 °, for separating polarization vector in external optical signal perpendicular to the S polarized light of input light and reflection optical plane
Component, and it is diffracted into wherein different wavelength components in free space with different angle of diffraction, to realize to spectrum
Separation.
Above-mentioned P-polarized light spectrophotometric unit is 45 ° of inclined optical fiber gratings being located on polarization maintaining optical fibre slow axis, direction and S
The inclined optical fiber grating of polarised light spectrophotometric unit is mutually perpendicular to, and is parallel to input light and anti-for separating polarization vector in optical signal
Penetrate the P polarization light component of optical plane.
Above-mentioned S-polarization optical receiver lens group and P polarization optical receiver lens group is placed in S polarized light spectrophotometric unit respectively and P is inclined
Vibration light spectrophotometric unit goes out light end, is made of a cylindrical lens and a plano-convex lens, wherein cylindrical lens are placed in 45 ° of spectrophotometric unit
After inclined optical fiber grating, for being collimated and being compressed the light for being diffracted into free space by 45 ° of inclined optical fiber gratings, reduction pair
Answer the angle of divergence and longitudinal size of light.After plano-convex lens are placed in cylindrical lens, it is used for focus on light beam, compress spot size and is thrown
It is incident upon probe unit surface.
Above-mentioned S-polarization photo detecting unit and P polarization photo detecting unit are a Linear CCD Detector, are respectively placed in correspondence
After the receiving lens group of polarised light, for receiving, handling optical signal, and it is uploaded to host computer processing, obtains the spectrum of signal light
And polarization information.
Contemplated above technical scheme through the invention, compared with prior art, the incoming optical fiber provided due to invention
For polarization maintaining optical fibre, 45 ° of inclined optical fiber gratings are spectrophotometric unit, be can achieve the following beneficial effects:
1, incoming optical fiber provided by the invention is polarization maintaining optical fibre, and P polarization spectrophotometric unit and S-polarization spectrophotometric unit are respectively position
In 45 ° of inclined optical fiber gratings in the fast axle and slow axis of polarization-maintaining grating, instead of the movable part for light splitting, to make this be
The structure of system is more simple and compact, high stability, suitable for inclement condition, complicated field and industrial environment.
2,45 ° of inclined optical fiber gratings that the present invention uses, by adjusting grating screen periods, can get not for spectrophotometric unit
Same application wave-length coverage, can also optimize the structure of 45 ° of inclined optical fiber gratings according to actual needs, avoid biography
It needs to rotate dispersion element in system spectrometer and obtains length scanning defect, real-time, quick, high-precision can be carried out to spectral information
Analysis.
3, the present invention uses 45 ° of inclined optical fiber grating spectrophotometric units, is individually positioned in the fast axle and slow axis of polarization maintaining optical fibre,
External optical signal obtains the linearly polarized light of very high-polarization, i.e. P-polarized light and S polarized light after spectrophotometric unit, traditional
Spectrometer is difficult to realize the polarization characteristic of the system, and therefore, which will also play very in polarization analysis and polarization imaging field
Big effect.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of polarization correlation spectroscopy system provided by the invention；
Fig. 2 is 45 ° of inclined optical fiber grating structures provided by the invention and dispersion characteristics schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is the corresponding angle of emergence signal of incident optical signal provided by the invention different wave length component after spectrophotometric unit
Figure.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of polarization spectrum analysis system provided by the invention；As shown in Figure 1, a kind of inclined based on 45 °
The polarization correlation spectroscopy system of oblique fiber grating: at least 1 S polarized light spectrophotometric unit 2,1 of incoming optical fiber 1,1 S
Polarize the S-polarization photo detecting unit 7,1 of optical receiver lens group 4,13,1 P polarization optical receiver lens of P-polarized light spectrophotometric unit
8,1 P polarization photo detecting unit 11 of group forms.
Incoming optical fiber 1 is polarization maintaining optical fibre, and front end is connected with external world's input, so that external signal light is through the incoming system of incoming optical fiber
In system, optical fiber rear end connects with S polarized light spectrophotometric unit 2, and signal light is made to be transmitted to 45 ° of oblique lights of S polarized light spectrophotometric unit 2
At fine grating and S-polarization light component therein is separated and is divided；45 ° of inclined optical fiber gratings are the inclination optical fiber light that inclination angle is 45 °
Grid are applied in system as beam splitter, for signal light to be diffracted into free space, the wherein light of different wave length component
With the different angles of diffraction, to realize the separation of spectral components；Fractional transmission light is then transmitted to P-polarized light spectrophotometric unit 3 and passes through
P polarization light component in light is separated and is carried out light-splitting processing by 45 ° of inclined optical fiber gratings therein, then by P polarization light-receiving
It is detected at lens group 8 collimation focusing to P polarization photo detecting unit 11, exports corresponding P polarization optical information；S polarized light connects
Receive the spoke sides that lens group and P polarization optical receiver lens group are placed in two corresponding spectrophotometric units respectively, S-polarization optical receiver lens group by
Cylindrical lens D1 and plano-convex lens D1 composition, P polarization optical receiver lens group are made of cylindrical lens D2 and plano-convex lens D2；It is diffracted
Light first by cylindrical lens D1, cylindrical lens D2 receives and focus compresses hot spot longitudinal direction size, later by plano-convex lens D1, D2 refocusing with
Hot spot axial extent is compressed, hot spot at this time is compressed into a luminous point, and the parallel conllinear row equal in interval according to wavelength order
Column；S-polarization photo detecting unit 7 and P polarization photo detecting unit 11 are a Linear CCD Detector, are respectively placed in corresponding polarised light
Receiving lens group rear end, for light spot received array and export corresponding signal, the light of location of pixels and different wave length
The position of spot has one-to-one relationship, and the polarised light that signal light can be obtained after processing appropriate is carried out to its output signal
Spectrum information.
Fig. 2 is 45 ° of inclined optical fiber grating structures provided by the invention and dispersion characteristics schematic diagram, as shown in Fig. 2, 45 °
The optical grating construction of inclined optical fiber grating will be obtained after the refraction index changing of some materials in fiber core via after uv-exposure
, compared to unchanged optical fiber core material, the variation size of refractive index only has a few percent or some thousandths of, therefore
There is the interfaces of refractive index mutation between the two.When light is incident to the interface, according to Brewster's law, this
When corresponding Brewster's angle be 45 ° of ≈ of θ=arctan [(n+ Δ n)/n], wherein n is fiber core refractive index, and Δ n is ultraviolet
Expose the refractive index modulation depth introduced.Therefore the inclined optical fiber grating that inclination angle is 45 °, which has, spreads out S-polarization component in incident light
The ability of output fiber, so 45 ° of inclined optical fiber gratings have extraordinary polarization characteristic.Simultaneously according to the phase matched of grating
Condition, the light of different wave length will be at different angles by optical grating diffraction, while in the packet of optical fiber in acceptable detuning size
Layer and Air Interface are due to the difference of refractive index, and dispersion will be increased further, therefore 45 ° of inclined optical fiber gratings have the energy of light splitting
Power can be used as a kind of polarization dispersion element and be applied in system.Different wave length by after 45 ° of inclined optical fiber gratings it is corresponding go out
Firing angle can be expressed as (1.1):
Wherein n is fiber core refractive index, and θ is the inclination angle of grating, and Λ is screen periods, and λ is lambda1-wavelength.
Fig. 3 is the corresponding angle of emergence schematic diagram of incident optical signal different wave length component after spectrophotometric unit；As shown in figure 3,
It can be seen that 45 ° of inclined optical fiber gratings have the light splitting ability of stronger dispersive power and good linear relationship, light can satisfy
Spectrum analysis demand.
Polarised light can be regarded as the superposition of the two orthogonal light in polarization direction, therefore individual by analysis two
Polarized component can be obtained the polarization characteristic of the light of its superposition state.S polarized light and P-polarized light are that two direction of vibration are mutually perpendicular to
Light can be spread out by output fiber by the S component in light and retain P component and continue to transmit for 45 ° of inclined optical fiber gratings.And
For the P-polarized light of transmission, if there are an optical grating construction and 45 ° of perpendicular inclination optical fiber light of its direction of vibration at this time
Grid then become S-polarization state for grating, and 45 ° of inclined optical fiber gratings at this time can then be spread out output fiber.Cause
Separation and the list to S component and P component in signal light may be implemented using two orthogonal 45 ° of inclined optical fiber gratings in this
Solely test and analyze.
The cylindrical lens D1 of S-polarization optical receiver lens group 4 and P polarization optical receiver lens group 8, cylindrical lens D2 are located at corresponding light splitting
45 ° of inclined optical fiber gratings of unit are horizontally arranged after going out light end, in order to make output light obtain preferable output characteristics, center and spoke
Spot center alignment is penetrated, size is greater than spatial dimension size locating for hot spot, for collecting radiation spot and by it in vertical direction
On be focused and collimate.
The plano-convex lens D1 of S-polarization optical receiver lens group 4 and P polarization optical receiver lens group 8, plano-convex lens D2 are located at
Cylindrical lens D1, the rear cylindrical lens D2 are horizontal positioned, in order to make output light obtain preferable output characteristics, center and cylindrical lens
D1, the center cylindrical lens D2, radiation spot center three coexistence same horizontal line alignment.Lens plane is laterally interior, close cylindrical lens,
Convex side is outside, for the diffraction pattern focused by cylindrical lens further to be compressed, while entering different directions
It penetrates light and is focused into a horizontally arranged point spot array, the space coordinate and respective wavelength for putting hot spot correspond, and are visited with meeting
Survey demand.
S-polarization photo detecting unit 7 and P polarization photo detecting unit 11 are a Linear CCD Detector, are placed in parallel in respectively
Plano-convex lens D1, the rear plano-convex lens D2, for detecting the spectral information of corresponding polarised light.Its test surface is by the picture that is arranged successively
Plain unit composition, output signal size is related with the luminous intensity for being incident to pixel surface, can be used for detecting optical signal and defeated
Corresponding information out.The position of the point spot array after lens group focuses can be determined by the location of pixels of ccd detector
Coordinate, the corresponding relationship between wavelength basis and hot spot coordinate can determine the corresponding relationship between pixel and wavelength, thus
The strength information that respective wavelength ingredient can be obtained according to the output signal of corresponding pixel points realizes the spectrum to corresponding polarised light
The demodulation of component detects, and the signal of output is uploaded to host computer again and is further processed, and may finally obtain signal light
Polarization spectrum information.
According to Rayleigh criterion, the theoretical resolution of the polarization correlation spectroscopy system based on 45 ° of inclined optical fiber gratings by
The size of focal beam spot determines, when the edge of a focal beam spot is overlapped with the center of another hot spot just, corresponding two points
It can just be resolved.It is hereby achieved that the theoretical resolution of the polarization correlation spectroscopy system of 45 ° of inclined optical fiber gratings are as follows:
Wherein λ is the wavelength of detection light, and f is the focal length of lens, and n is fiber core refractive index, and Λ is 45 ° of inclined optical fiber gratings
Period, D be grating region length (i.e. optical grating diffraction spot size), d be grating to lens distance.Pass through design optimization
The resolution ratio of optical grating construction and optical path, this system can achieve 0.02nm.
45 ° of inclined optical fiber gratings used in this system, period 748nm, spectral response range 1350-
1750nm, therefore this system has at least spectral width of 400nm.It in addition to this, can be with needle according to formula (1.1) and formula (1.2)
It, can be different using cascade to the different optical grating constructions being designed using wave-length coverage and optimize 45 ° of inclined optical fiber gratings
Period, different wave length response range 45 ° of inclined optical fiber gratings, and then adjust and broadening this system spectral width lifting system
Performance realizes the high accuracy analysis of larger range spectrum.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to
The limitation present invention, any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should all include
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of polarization spectrum analysis system based on 45 ° of inclined optical fiber gratings, including incoming optical fiber (1), spectrophotometric unit, polarization
Optical receiver lens group and polarization photo detecting unit；Wherein, it is passed to optical fiber one end and receives external optical signal, the other end and spectrophotometric unit
It is connected, horizontal direction is disposed with receiving lens group and polarization photo detecting unit after spectrophotometric unit goes out light end；External optical signal
Radiation spot is formed via spectrophotometric unit, polarization optical receiver lens group will be focused compression collimation to hot spot, and polarize optical detection
Optical signal in unit light spot received is simultaneously converted into electric signal, which is characterized in that incoming optical fiber is polarization maintaining optical fibre；Spectrophotometric unit is
45 ° of inclined optical fiber gratings, including S polarized light spectrophotometric unit (2) and P-polarized light spectrophotometric unit (3), S polarized light spectrophotometric unit (2)
In polarization maintaining optical fibre fast axle, P-polarized light spectrophotometric unit (3) is located on polarization maintaining optical fibre slow axis.
2. polarization spectrum analysis system as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the period of 45 ° of inclined optical fiber gratings is
748nm, spectral response range 1350-1750nm, spectral width are at least 400nm.
3. polarization spectrum analysis system as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the size of polarization optical receiver lens group is greater than
Spatial dimension size locating for hot spot.
4. polarization spectrum analysis system as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: polarization optical receiver lens group includes S-polarization
Optical receiver lens group (4) and P polarization optical receiver lens group (8) are located at S polarized light spectrophotometric unit (2) and P-polarized light light splitting
Unit (3) horizontal direction afterwards.
5. polarization spectrum analysis system as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that: S-polarization optical receiver lens group (4) includes one
Cylindrical lens D1 (5) and a plano-convex lens D1 (6), plano-convex lens D1 (6) are located at (5) rear cylindrical lens D1 and are horizontally arranged, and plano-convex is saturating
Mirror D1 (6) planar side is inside, and close to cylindrical lens D1 (5), convex side is outside.
6. polarization spectrum analysis system as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that: the center of plano-convex lens D1 (6) and column are saturating
Mirror D1 (5) center, radiation spot center three coexistence same horizontal line alignment.
7. polarization spectrum analysis system as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that: P polarization optical receiver lens group (8) includes one
Cylindrical lens D2 (9) and a plano-convex lens D2 (10), plano-convex lens D2 (10) are located at (9) rear cylindrical lens D2 and are horizontally arranged, plano-convex
Lens D2 (10) planar side is inside, and close to cylindrical lens D2 (9), convex side is outside.
8. polarization spectrum analysis system as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that: the center of plano-convex lens D2 (10) and column are saturating
Mirror D2 (9) center, radiation spot center three coexistence same horizontal line alignment.
9. polarization spectrum analysis system as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: polarization photo detecting unit includes S polarized light
Probe unit (7) and P polarization photo detecting unit (11), are located at S-polarization optical receiver lens group (4) and P polarization light-receiving is saturating
Microscope group (8) horizontal direction afterwards.
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| CN110243472A (en) * | 2019-05-09 | 2019-09-17 | 重庆大学 | Self calibration integrated form high speed real-time spectrum analyzer based on dispersion Fourier transformation |
| CN110346304A (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2019-10-18 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of optical fiber polarisation spectrum analysis system based on timeslot multiplex |
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| CN109186765B (en) | 2021-01-05 |
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