CN109179649B - Method for rapidly inducing and enriching anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria from nitrosation sludge - Google Patents
Method for rapidly inducing and enriching anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria from nitrosation sludge Download PDFInfo
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- CN109179649B CN109179649B CN201811087348.3A CN201811087348A CN109179649B CN 109179649 B CN109179649 B CN 109179649B CN 201811087348 A CN201811087348 A CN 201811087348A CN 109179649 B CN109179649 B CN 109179649B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for quickly inducing and enriching anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria from nitrosation sludge, which realizes the quick induction and enrichment of anaerobic ammonium oxidation in the nitrosation sludge by adjusting the concentration of nano copper oxide in a reactor, and comprises the following steps: firstly, putting nitrosation sludge with stable property (nitrite accumulation rate is more than 99%) into an MBR reactor to operate for 7 days, then adding 1g/L of nano copper oxide stock solution into the reactor to ensure that the concentration of copper oxide in the reactor is 1g/L, and operating for 12-15 days; increasing the volume of the nano copper oxide stock solution added into the reactor every day to ensure that the concentration of the reactor is 5g/L and 10g/L respectively, and operating for 15 days respectively; and finally, stopping adding the nano copper oxide, stably operating for more than 15 days, and successfully realizing the induction success of the anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria. The invention solves the problem of enrichment of anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria in the nitrosation sludge, and provides a method for enrichment of anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria and quick start of an anaerobic ammonium oxidation process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of sewage energy-saving and consumption-reducing treatment, and particularly relates to a method for quickly inducing and enriching anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria from nitrosation sludge.
Background
With the rapid development of economy and society in China, the living standard of people is continuously improved, the demand on water resources is increased day by day, and the discharge amount of sewage is also continuously increased, so that the extreme shortage of water resources is caused, and the aggravation of water pollution gradually becomes an important factor for restricting the development of the socioeconomic in China. The ammonia nitrogen is one of the main items of water quality monitoring in China, and the total amount of discharged ammonia nitrogen in 2015 China published by the ministry of environmental protection is 229.9 ten thousand tons. The ammonia nitrogen in the water body is not only a main pollutant, but also a main source causing eutrophication of the water body. However, most domestic sewage treatment plants adopt the traditional nitrification-denitrification process, and the process not only needs to consume a large amount of aeration, but also needs to add a large amount of carbon sources, and is not in accordance with the concept of energy-saving sustainable sewage treatment. Therefore, people pay attention to the anaerobic ammonia oxidation process without an additional carbon source, the process is characterized in that firstly, under aerobic conditions, half ammonia nitrogen is converted into nitrite by aerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria, and then the residual ammonia nitrogen and the generated nitrite are directly reacted by the anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria to generate nitrogen.
However, the functional microorganism anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria of the process has a slow growth rate and is easily influenced by environmental factors, so that the start time of the autotrophic nitrogen removal process is long, and the treatment objects of domestic and foreign anaerobic ammonia oxidation process research and application mainly comprise high-temperature high-ammonia nitrogen wastewater such as sludge digestion supernatant, landfill leachate and the like, and how to quickly enrich anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria in other types of sewage treatment processes is difficult, but the start of the first step reaction-nitrosation process of the autotrophic nitrogen removal process is relatively easy. Therefore, how to rapidly induce and enrich anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria from nitrosation sludge not only has very important significance for further application of the autotrophic nitrogen removal process, but also has very positive promoting effect on the development of sustainable sewage treatment concept.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for quickly inducing and enriching anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria from nitrosation sludge.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a method for rapidly inducing and enriching anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria from nitrosation sludge, which simulates actual water inlet by artificial water distribution under the condition of normal temperature, a test device is shown as figure 1, a reactor adopts an upward-flow water inlet mode, water is fed from the bottom, the water inlet flow is controlled by a peristaltic pump, the effluent of the reactor is pumped by an effluent peristaltic pump through a membrane component, and the effluent flow is controlled by an effluent peristaltic pump. In the experiment, the anaerobic ammonia oxidation is quickly induced and enriched in the nitrosation sludge by mainly adjusting the concentration of the nano copper oxide in the reactor, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
a method for rapidly inducing and enriching anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria from nitrosation sludge is characterized in that:
(1) taking nitrified sludge with stable property, wherein the nitrite accumulation rate of the nitrified sludge is more than 99%, placing the nitrified sludge in an MBR (MBR), preparing influent water with ammonia nitrogen concentration of 200mg/L and PH of 7.5-8.5, carrying out three-time period experiments under the conditions of DO of 0.1-0.3mg/L and temperature of 20-27.5 ℃, respectively taking water samples at the beginning and the end of the period to determine the ammonia nitrogen concentration and the reaction time t, averaging the three results, and determining the nitrified activity PNA according to the following formula:
(2) setting an operation HRT of the MBR according to the PNA value calculated in the step (1), wherein the HRT calculating method comprises the following steps:
HRT is set to ensure that the ratio of the nitrite to the ammonia nitrogen in the effluent of the reactor is between 0.4 and 0.6;
(3) preparing 1g/L nano copper oxide solution, wherein the particle size of the nano copper oxide is 30-50nm, adding the stock solution with corresponding volume into a reactor every day, performing ultrasonic treatment at 40kw for 0.5 hour before adding, adding the nano copper oxide stock solution into an MBR (membrane bioreactor), wherein the volume ratio of the added volume to the reactor is
The purpose of adding the nano copper oxide in the stage is to enhance oxygen mass transfer in a low-oxygen environment, strengthen AOB activity and enable the nitrosation sludge to gradually adapt to the environment, and after the operation for 12-15 days, the ratio of the nitrite nitrogen to the ammonia nitrogen in the effluent is stabilized between 1.0-1.2;
(4) the volume of the nano copper oxide stock solution added into the reactor every day is increased,
the method is operated between the ammonia nitrogen concentration of inlet water of 190-210mg/L, DO of 0.1-0.3mg/L and pH of 7.5-8.5 to induce the conversion from AOB to AAOB, on one hand, the oxygen transfer is accelerated due to the addition of CuO, the AOB is utilized, on the other hand, the nanoparticles provide carriers to ensure that AAOB is enriched and grown, after the operation for 3-5 days, the proportion of the ammonia nitrogen and the nitrous nitrogen in outlet water is reduced, the total nitrogen in outlet water is reduced, and the total nitrogen removal load (NRR) reaches 0.1kg/(m & lt r & gt)3D) above, then running for 7-10 days;
(5) the operation strengthening stage, the volume of the nano copper oxide stock solution added into the reactor is continuously increased,
when the operation is carried out under the conditions that DO is 0.1-0.3mg/L and pH is 7.5-8.5, the ammonia nitrogen and the nitrite in the effluent are reduced, the nitrate nitrogen is increased, the total nitrogen in the effluent is reduced, and the NRR reaches the value after the operation is carried out for 10 days0.5kg/(m3D) above;
(6) stopping adding nano copper oxide, operating under the conditions of DO of 0.1-0.3mg/L and pH of 7.8-8.1, stabilizing total nitrogen removal rate at more than 85% and NRR at 0.5-0.6kg/(m3D) and can ensure stable operation for more than 15 days, and the induction of the anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria is successful.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the method, the concentration of the added nano copper oxide is artificially changed directly from the nitrosation sludge which is easy to culture and successfully start, so that the anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria which can be successfully started only within months or even a year originally can be successfully started within a short time. The invention domesticates anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria by gradually changing the concentration of nano copper oxide, and at 1mg/L, the nano copper oxide enhances oxygen mass transfer, strengthens AOB activity, and enables nitrosation sludge to gradually adapt to the environment. Upon increasing to 5mg/L, the conversion of AOB to AAOB is induced and AAOB is provided with an attachment vehicle to allow for enriched growth of AAOB. After the acclimation of the concentration, the activity of the AAOB is already shown, and then 10mg/L of nano copper oxide is added to further strengthen the activity of the AAOB, so that the AAOB shows good biological activity. Finally, the nano copper oxide is not added, and the AAOB shows good denitrification effect, which indicates that the anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria are induced and successfully enriched. Through the process, the steps of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria are simplified, a method is provided for rapidly inducing the anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria in the nitrosation process, the enrichment and domestication time of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria is shortened, and a new way is provided for rapidly starting the anaerobic ammonia oxidation process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the operation of inducing and enriching anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria in nitrosation sludge, which mainly comprises a reaction tank, an inlet and outlet water pump, DO and pH monitoring instruments and the like.
(1) A water inlet pool; (2) a water inlet peristaltic pump; (3) a stirring control system; (4) an online dissolved oxygen meter; (5) an online pH meter; (6) a film; (7) taking a mud port; (8) a flow meter; (9) an air pump; (10) and (4) a water outlet peristaltic pump.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the ammonia nitrogen removal effect of the reactor in the present invention, whereinAmmonia nitrogen removal rate (%) (influent ammonia nitrogen-effluent ammonia nitrogen) × 100/influent ammonia nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen removal load (kg/(m)3D)) ═ 24/(HRT 1000) (influent ammonia nitrogen-effluent ammonia nitrogen).
Fig. 3 is a graph showing the effect of removing nitrite in the reactor operation according to the present invention, wherein the accumulation rate (%) of nitrite is (in-feed nitrite-out-feed nitrite) 100/out-feed nitrite.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the effect of total nitrogen removal by reactor operation in the present invention, wherein the total nitrogen removal (%) ((total nitrogen feed-total nitrogen effluent) is 100/total nitrogen feed, and the total nitrogen removal load (kg/(m) is3D)) — (total nitrogen in water-total nitrogen out) 24/(HRT 1000).
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to specific embodiments, to which, however, the scope of the invention is not limited.
The reactor adopted by the invention is a membrane bioreactor, the effective volume is 5L, in order to ensure the sufficient reaction of muddy water, mechanical stirring is adopted, and meanwhile, an air pump is used for aeration, the water inlet mode is that water enters from the bottom, and water enters and exits through a peristaltic pump. This experiment simulates actual waste water with manual water distribution.
The invention discloses a method for rapidly inducing and enriching anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria in a nitrosation sludge system, which comprises the following steps: in a nitrosation system which is successfully started, firstly, under normal conditions, artificial water distribution is used as a substrate to ensure certain water inlet and outlet, nitrosation is enabled to stably operate for 5-6d, nano copper oxide particles with different concentrations are added into a reactor after stable operation is carried out for a period of time, other conditions are kept unchanged, after experiments with a plurality of concentrations, the total nitrogen removal and ammonia nitrogen removal loads of reaction are found to be increased under the action of the nano copper oxide, on one hand, the addition of the nano CuO leads to the acceleration of oxygen transfer, AOB is utilized, on the other hand, the nano particles provide carriers, so that AAOB is enriched and grown, and finally, successfully domesticated and enriched anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria are cultured in nitrosation sludge.
The specific treatment is as follows:
setting an effective volume of 5L in a membrane bioreactor, and inoculating nitrosation activated sludge which runs stably into the reactor. The ammonia nitrogen concentration of water distribution in the whole stage is 190-210mg/L, the alkalinity concentration is 2000mg/L, a proper amount of trace elements are added, a continuous water inlet and continuous water outlet mode is adopted, water distribution is carried out every day, and water inlet and outlet are simultaneously taken.
After the nitrosation sludge is added into the reactor, the ammonia nitrogen concentration of inlet water is 190-210mg/L, the reactor T is 24.7 ℃, the reactor pH is 8.110, the reactor DO is 0.29mg/L, no nano copper oxide particles are added, and the operation is stably carried out for 7d, which is shown as stage I in figures 2, 3 and 4. After that, the water distribution condition was kept constant, the reactor T was 26.1 ℃, the reactor pH was 7.887, the reactor DO was 0.21mg/L, 1mg/L of nano-copper oxide was added, and the operation was carried out for 15d, as shown in FIGS. 2, 3, and 4, stage II. Then, the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the water distribution is kept unchanged, the reactor T is 27.4 ℃, the pH of the effluent is 7.955, the DO of the effluent is 0.16mg/L, 5mg/L of nano copper oxide is added, and the operation is carried out for 15 d. See fig. 2, 3, 4, stage iii.
Finally, 10mg/L of nano copper oxide is added into the reactor T at 24.4 ℃, the pH of the reactor is 7.867, the DO of the reactor is 0.16mg/L, and the operation lasts for 15 d. See fig. 2, 3, 4 stage iv.
The reactor T is 23.8 ℃, the reactor pH is 7.838, the reactor DO is 0.16mg/L, and then other conditions are unchanged, nano copper oxide is not added, and the operation is carried out for 30 d. The ammonia nitrogen removal rate reaches 93.58 percent, the total nitrogen removal rate is 85.15 percent, and the ammonia nitrogen removal load is 0.6 kg/(m)3D) total nitrogen removal load of 0.55 kg/(m)3D), removing ammonia nitrogen and accumulated nitrite in the reactor at the same time, and considering that the anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria are successfully enriched. See fig. 2, 3, 4 stage v. Therefore, the method is an effective method for quickly domesticating and enriching the anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria from the nitrosation sludge.
Claims (3)
1. A method for rapidly inducing and enriching anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria from nitrosation sludge is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) taking nitrosation sludge with stable property, wherein the nitrite accumulation rate of the nitrosation sludge is more than 99%, placing the nitrosation sludge in a membrane bioreactor, preparing inlet water with the ammonia nitrogen concentration of 190-210mg/L, carrying out three-time period experiments under the conditions that the pH is 7.7-8.2, the DO is 0.1-0.3mg/L and the temperature is 20-27.5 ℃, respectively taking water samples at the beginning and the end of the period to determine the ammonia nitrogen concentration and the reaction time t, averaging the three results, and determining nitrosation activity PNA according to the following formula:
(2) setting an operation HRT of the MBR according to the PNA value calculated in the step (1), wherein the HRT calculating method comprises the following steps:
HRT is set to ensure that the ratio of the nitrite to the ammonia nitrogen in the effluent of the reactor is between 0.4 and 0.6;
(3) preparing 1g/L of nano copper oxide stock solution, and adding the nano copper oxide stock solution with corresponding volume into a reactor every day, wherein the volume ratio of the added volume of the nano copper oxide solution to the volume of the reactor is
(ii) a After the operation is carried out for 12 to 15 days, the ratio of the nitrite to the ammonia nitrogen in the effluent is stabilized between 1.0 and 1.3;
(4) increasing the volume of the nano copper oxide stock solution added into the reactor every day, wherein the ratio of the added volume of the nano copper oxide solution to the volume of the reactor is
The operation is carried out between the ammonia nitrogen concentration of inlet water of 190-210mg/L, DO of 0.1-0.3mg/L and pH of 7.8-8.1, and the total nitrogen removal load reaches 0.1 kg/(m) after the operation is carried out for 3-5 days3D) above, then running for 7-10 days;
(5) in the reinforced operation stage, the volume of the nano copper oxide stock solution added into the reactor is continuously increased, wherein the ratio of the added volume of the nano copper oxide solution to the volume of the reactor is
The total nitrogen removal load reaches 0.5 kg/(m) after 10 days of operation in a DO range of 0.1-0.3mg/L and a pH range of 7.8-8.13D) above;
(6) stopping adding the stock solution of nano copper oxide, operating under the conditions of DO of 0.1-0.3mg/L and pH of 7.8-8.1, stabilizing the total nitrogen removal rate at more than 85%, and stabilizing the total nitrogen removal load at 0.5-0.6kg/(m3D) and can stably run for more than 15 days, and the induction of the anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria is successful.
2. The method for rapidly inducing enrichment of anammox bacteria from nitrosation sludge according to claim 1, wherein: the particle size of the nano copper oxide in the nano copper oxide stock solution in the step (3) is 30-50 nm.
3. The method for rapidly inducing enrichment of anammox bacteria from nitrosation sludge according to claim 1, wherein: and (4) directly adding the nano copper oxide stock solution subjected to ultrasonic treatment into the reactor after ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 0.5 hour under the power of 40kw before the nano copper oxide stock solution is added in the step (3).
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