CN109175284A - A kind of efficient, energy-efficient continuous casting secondary cooling method - Google Patents
A kind of efficient, energy-efficient continuous casting secondary cooling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109175284A CN109175284A CN201811050941.0A CN201811050941A CN109175284A CN 109175284 A CN109175284 A CN 109175284A CN 201811050941 A CN201811050941 A CN 201811050941A CN 109175284 A CN109175284 A CN 109175284A
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- cooling
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- secondary cooling
- steam
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
- B22D11/124—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for cooling
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of efficient, energy-efficient continuous casting secondary cooling method, this method carries out secondary cooling to slab using the high-temperature steam that Metallurgical Factory recycles, and the high temperature steam temperature after heat absorption is further up to be can transport into turbo-expander for generating electricity.The present invention had not only realized the comprehensive utilization that is efficient cooling but also realizing the energy of slab, prevent two cold steam directly to empty, have many advantages, such as that at low cost, easy to operate, easy to accomplish, stable, comprehensive benefit is significant, be widely portable to metallurgical continuous casting, there is good prospects for commercial application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metallurgical technology fields, and in particular to a kind of efficient, energy-efficient continuous casting secondary cooling method.
Background technique
Secondary cooling is an important link in continuous casting process, directly affect the underbead crack of slab, face crack and
Solidified structure.Good secondary cooling is woven with direct effect to raising slab quality, improvement casting blank solidification group.Slab is from crystallizer
Out formed a thin shell, at this time its center be still high-temperature molten steel formed a very long liquid core, in order to make slab after
Secondary cooling zone, abbreviation secondary cooling zone can be arranged in continuous solidification on conticaster.Secondary cooling zone generally comprises cooling spray system and by arc
The guide roller system of line arrangement, wherein cooling spray system can carry out continuous coo1ing to the slab for leaving crystallizer and be allowed to gradually complete
Full solidification, guide roller system play the role of support guide to slab.The effect of secondary cooling is to be forced to casting billet surface, uniformly
It is cooling, solidify it within a short period of time, secondary cooling zone must assure that slab without surface or underbead crack, and non-stop layer is segregated and is poured
When breakout ratio it is minimum.For the realization for guaranteeing secondary cooling zone effect, cooling spray system requires enough intensities of cooling and cooling
Uniformity, and can suitably adjust.
In secondary cooling process, slab mainly has following 5 kinds of radiating modes: heat radiation of the casting billet surface to air, by
Depending on slab temperature height；Convective heat transfer between air and casting billet surface can be neglected；The conduction of nip rolls and casting billet surface passes
Heat；Water droplet beats direct evaporative heat loss and water droplet on slab and is stained with casting billet surface and is heated up.The water wherein formed by spraying
The heat that drop direct projection casting billet surface evaporation is taken away accounts for the 40% of the total heat dissipation capacity of secondary cooling zone.Heat transfer between water droplet and casting billet surface is one
The heat exchange process of a complexity is transported by water spray intensity, casting blank surface temperature, iron scale thickness, cooling water temperature and water droplet
The various factors such as dynamic speed influence, wherein water spray intensity is again closely related with bleed type, spray distance, hydraulic pressure, water temperature.
The type of cooling of secondary cooling zone mainly has cooling water spray, air-water spraying cooling and dry calibration (not to spray water or spray
A small amount of water), the pressure of cooling water used is usually 0.3-0.6MPa, generally fine droplets is atomized water by nozzle, then with very
High speed is got on slab.Which kind of type of cooling is selected to need to consider casting blank cross-section size, pulling rate, steel grade, straightening temperature, casting
Type formula and whether it is heat-fed the factors such as Direct Rolling.Nozzle includes two kinds of pressure-type, air-water type, and material is copper, commonly
Drive nozzle shape includes that flat, spiral shape, cone, thin slice etc. are a variety of.Air-water nozzle is made water fogging using compressed air,
Have many advantages, such as that cooling is uniform, water-saving, efficient when for cooling down slab.Since the slab pulled out from crystallizer exit enters two
When the upper section of cold-zone, internal not yet solidification completely, green shell is thin, thermal resistance is small, and the stress that green shell solidification shrinkage generates is also small, can apply at this time
To cool down by force；It is increased as shell thickness increases thermal resistance, slab will be gradually reduced intensity of cooling after entering secondary cooling zone lower section.
It is cracked to avoid the violent cooling of casting billet surface part, in secondary cooling zone requirement casting billet surface longitudinal and transverse direction
It can uniformly be cooled down, and cooling velocity, less than 200 DEG C/m, base surface temperature is gone up less than 100 DEG C/m.To avoid 700-
900 DEG C of slab brittle temperature zone should control slab cooling and be aligned to 900 DEG C or more, while must adapt to different steel grades
Characteristic determine intensity of cooling, for example the strong steel grade of crack sensitivity wants weak cold.
When determining secondary cooling technique, ideal cooling curve is proposed by technique requirement first, utilizes mathematical Model of Heat Transfer
Determine each section of heat transfer coefficient distribution of secondary cooling zone, further according to heat transfer coefficient and jet density calculate each section of cooling water inflow distribution, two
Cold-zone length, specific water and total Water finally choose form of nozzle, hydraulic pressure and arrangement of nozzles mode.The control of secondary cooling water
Method processed has instrument control and computer to control two classes, the former controls secondary coolingwater by instrument, suitable for more low-grade casting
Made-up article kind and the single conticaster of size；And the latter is able to achieve and is changed automatically according to two chill casting base actual temperatures, adjusts secondary cooling water
Amount, can obtain the relatively stable slab of quality, to improve the productivity of conticaster, qualification rate fluctuation of service.
Secondary cooling zone water-spraying control all has a significant impact to casting machine yield and slab quality.Intensity of cooling increase can accelerate slab
Solidification, but intensity of cooling and the crack sensitivity of steel are closely related, by the constraint of slab quality.Secondary cooling zone intensity of cooling is to casting
Base quality mainly has the influence of the following aspects:
1. casting billet surface inhomogeneous cooling is even to be easy to cause green shell temperature recovery, so that slab be made to generate middle crack or subcutaneous
Crackle；
2. when slab enters straightening area, surface temperature may be lower than 900 DEG C, and slab is very at this time if intensity of cooling is too big
It is easy to appear transverse crack；
3. being easy to appear the slab band liquid heart if intensity of cooling is inadequate and aligning, can be generated on the solid-liquid interface of slab strong
Vertical crack, in addition slab cooling intensity deficiency is also easy to solidify slab completely when entering cutting machine, to cause to cut leakage
Accident；
4. casting blank surface temperature is excessively high in secondary cooling zone or surface temperature is uneven, it is also easy to produce bulge deformation and center is inclined
Analysis；
5. secondary cooling zone intensity of cooling is crossed too, it can also promote column crystal flourishing, so that slab is formed transcrystallization structure, to make to cast
Base center porosity and segregation aggravate.
For many steel grades, slab is most dangerous in 700-900 DEG C of temperature range.Because in this temperature range
Crystal transfer (Ac3 point) occurs for interior ferrite, this transformation is so that volume changes suddenly, and has AIN and Nb on crystal boundary
Sediment is precipitated, and makes the ductility reduction of slab, the formation and extension of surface transversal crack when exacerbating slab aligning.Therefore,
It must avoid being alternately cooled slab and iterating through Ac3 point temperature in slab backheat.Secondary cooling cannot too strongly with
Local overcooling is avoided, while should also ensure that slab is aligned when being higher than 900 DEG C.
In order to solve the above problem, most of producer uses air water to be atomized Secondary Cooling at present, but to more advanced steel grade
For, this type of cooling still has slab quality problem (the problems such as such as underbead crack), and the cooling two cold steamings generated
Vapour is directly drawn through smoke stack emission by two cold smoke exhaust fans, and the steam of outlet drifts roof and surrounding metope in workshop, long
And the long encaustic tile corrosion that will cause roof metope, two cold steam direct emissions can also cause periphery living environment biggish negative
Face is rung.The saturation wet flue gas temperature of continuous casting two cold steam is about 70 DEG C, and humidity is about 359g/Nm3, recovery waste heat and water-saving
It has a high potential.There is scholar to notice this problem, and has proposed some solutions, such as Chinese patent
CN206001942U, CN205110725U, CN207413077U, CN206221306U, CN102538496A etc., but these sides
There is no fundamentally solve the problems, such as continuous casting two cold and discharge of steam for method.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome existing continuous casting secondary cooling method above shortcomings, one kind is provided and directly will
High-temperature steam is sprayed onto casting billet surface and carries out two cold, while the technique that recovered steam generates electricity, the technique have efficiently, stablize,
Low cost, the advantages that comprehensive benefit is significant.To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of efficient, energy-efficient continuous casting secondary cooling method, comprising the following steps: low middle super pressure-high temperature steam is delivered to company
Workshop distributing room for water injection is cast, the nozzle after pressure regulation by secondary cooling system, which is blown to casting billet surface, to be cooled down, gained high temperature exhaust steam warp
Enter expanding machine after separation, impurity removal to generate electricity.
In above scheme, the temperature of the low middle super pressure-high temperature steam is 130-220 DEG C, and source is the height of Metallurgical Factory's recycling
Warm steam.
In above scheme, the low middle super pressure-high temperature steam is in continuous casting workshop distributing room for water injection pressure regulation to 0.3-1.5MPa.
In above scheme, every kg molten steel is blown 0.1-2kg high-temperature steam, and when blowing keeps the jet expansion steam pressure to be
0.2-0.8MPa。
In above scheme, the high temperature exhaust steam temperature after secondary cooling increases 50-150 DEG C.
In above scheme, gained high temperature exhaust steam carries out separation, impurity removal using cyclone separator, contained therein to remove
Iron scale.
In above scheme, the expanding machine is turbo-expander, and the general gas of discharge is cooled to liquid water by condenser.
In above scheme, the secondary cooling system includes 3-6 cooling section.
In above scheme, 0 section (sufficient roller cooling section) of the secondary cooling system is full water cooling but or high-temperature steam blowing cools down,
It is identical as currently used 0 section of continuous casting two cold system；Remaining each section is high-temperature steam blowing cooling.0 section of blowing intensity is by height
Limit design, remaining each section depending on the species level of steel grade depending on, advanced steel grade uses low intensity of cooling, and rudimentary steel grade is using high cooling
Intensity Design.
In above scheme, the secondary cooling system includes 6 cooling sections, respectively 0 section (i.e. sufficient roller cooling section), 1 section, 2 sections,
3 sections, 4 sections, 5 sections, each section of setting and arrangement of nozzles are identical as currently used continuous casting two cold atomization system.
In above scheme, the casting blank section is the shapes such as rectangle, circle.
The present invention carries out secondary cooling to slab using the high-temperature steam that Metallurgical Factory recycles, the high temperature steam temperature after heat absorption
It is further up to be convenient for subsequent power generation, the comprehensive utilization that is efficient cooling but also realizing the energy of slab had not only been realized, has prevented two
Cold steam directly empties.Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are embodied in: it is at low cost, easy to operate, be easy it is real
It is existing, stable, comprehensive benefit is significant, be suitable for continuous casting including nonferrous metallurgy (such as copper, aluminium), realize two cold steam
Recycling, have good prospects for commercial application.
Specific embodiment
To make those of ordinary skill in the art fully understand technical solution of the present invention and beneficial effect, below in conjunction with specific
Embodiment is further described.
The blowing element that the present invention selects is general industrial products, same to secondary cooling nozzle of continuous casting；The pressure regulation valve group station institute of selection
Valve is general industrial products, with continuous casting two cold atomization gas compressed air pressure regulating valve group；Select two cold cooling sections be
General industrial products are identical as currently used air water atomization caster two cold cooling section construction；The two cold smoke exhaust fans selected
For general industrial products；The cyclone separator of selection is general industrial products；The condenser of selection is general industrial products；It selects
Turbo-expander be general industrial products.
Embodiment 1
There are a four machines four stream billet caster, casting blank cross-section size are as follows: 150*150mm, 45 steel in certain Metallurgical Factory.Two is cold
But Duan Gongsan sections, but for full water cooling, per kilogram molten steel is blown 2 kg of water to mesopodium roll segment；120 DEG C of vapor (steam) temperature, steam blast
Pressure 0.3MPa, blowing intensity are blown 2 kg of vapor according to per kilogram molten steel and carry out.The two cold high temperature for generating 220 DEG C after the completion
Two cold steam are collected through two cold smoke exhaust fan discharges, are delivered to turbo-expander to generate electricity, generated energy is per hour
550kw, generating efficiency improve 15% or more.
The gained slab quality more traditional air water atomization type of cooling has and significantly improves, crack of billet, slab center
Loose grade improves 0.5 grade.
Embodiment 2
There are a three machines three stream round billet continuous casting machine, casting blank cross-section size are as follows: ￠=250mm, 40Cr steel in certain Metallurgical Factory.Two is cold
Totally four sections of cooling section, pressure decatizing vapour is cooling, 180 DEG C of vapor (steam) temperature, steam blast pressure 0.5MPa, is blown intensity according to per kilogram steel
Water is blown 1 kg of vapor and carries out.The two cold cold steam of high temperature two for generating 240 DEG C after the completion are carried out through two cold smoke exhaust fans discharges
It collects, is delivered to turbo-expander to generate electricity, generated energy is 1200kw per hour, and generating efficiency improves 20% or more.
The gained slab quality more traditional air water atomization type of cooling has and significantly improves, crack of billet, slab center
Loose grade improves 1 grade.
Embodiment 3
There are a platen billet continuous casting machine, casting blank cross-section size in certain Metallurgical Factory are as follows: 230*1750mm, Q345 steel.Two cold cooling sections
Totally six sections, mesopodium roll segment be full water cooling but, per kilogram molten steel be blown 1.8 kg of water, 200 DEG C of vapor (steam) temperature, steam blast pressure
Power 0.8MPa, blowing intensity are blown 0.8 kg of vapor according to per kilogram molten steel and carry out.The two cold high temperature for generating 250 DEG C after the completion
Two cold steam are collected through two cold smoke exhaust fan discharges, are delivered to turbo-expander to generate electricity, generated energy is per hour
660kw, generating efficiency improve 25% or more.
The gained slab quality more traditional air water atomization type of cooling has and significantly improves, crack of billet, slab center
Loose grade improves 0.8 grade.
Embodiment 4
There are a three flow horizontal conticasters, casting blank cross-section size are as follows: 180*180mm, 55SiMnVB steel in certain Metallurgical Factory.Two is cold
Totally three sections of cooling section, pressure decatizing vapour is cooling, 220 DEG C of vapor (steam) temperature, steam blast pressure 1MPa, is blown intensity according to per kilogram molten steel
It is blown the progress of 1.5 kg of vapor.The two cold cold steam of high temperature two for generating 260 DEG C after the completion are carried out through two cold smoke exhaust fans discharges
It collects, is delivered to turbo-expander to generate electricity, generated energy is 800kw per hour, and generating efficiency improves 30% or more.
The gained slab quality more traditional air water atomization type of cooling has and significantly improves, crack of billet, slab center
Loose grade improves 1.5 grades.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of efficient, energy-efficient continuous casting secondary cooling method, which comprises the following steps: steam low middle super pressure-high temperature
Vapour is delivered to continuous casting workshop, and the nozzle after pressure regulation by secondary cooling system, which is blown to casting billet surface, to be cooled down, and gained high temperature is useless to be steamed
Vapour generates electricity after separation, impurity removal.
2. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the temperature of low middle super pressure-high temperature steam is 130-220 DEG C.
3. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: need to match in continuous casting workshop before the low middle super pressure-high temperature steam use
Pressure regulation is to (0.3-1.5) MPa between water.
4. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: every kg molten steel is blown (0.1-2) kg high-temperature steam, and when blowing sprays
Mouth outlet vapor pressure is (0.2-0.8) MPa.
5. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the high temperature exhaust steam temperature after secondary cooling increases 50-150
℃。
6. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: gained high temperature exhaust steam carries out separation using cyclone separator and removes
It is miscellaneous, it is then sent to expanding machine and generates electricity, the general gas of discharge is cooled to liquid water by condenser.
7. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the secondary cooling system includes 3-6 cooling section.
8. the method for claim 7, it is characterised in that: 0 section of the secondary cooling system uses full water cooling but or high temperature steams
Vapour blowing cooling, remaining each section using high-temperature steam blowing cooling.
9. the method for claim 7, it is characterised in that: the secondary cooling system includes 6 cooling sections, respectively 0 section, 1
Section, 2 sections, 3 sections, 4 sections, 5 sections, wherein 0 section of blowing intensity is by high limit design, remaining each section uses low cooling according to steel grade type
Intensity or high intensity of cooling are cooled down.
10. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the casting blank section is the shapes such as rectangle, circle.
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| CN201811050941.0A CN109175284A (en) | 2018-09-10 | 2018-09-10 | A kind of efficient, energy-efficient continuous casting secondary cooling method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112708789A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-27 | 包头铝业有限公司 | Method for efficiently producing high-strength cast aluminum alloy |
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