CN109168641B

CN109168641B - Rice straw high-voltage static accelerated desalting and returning device for saline-alkali soil remediation

Info

Publication number: CN109168641B
Application number: CN201811129067.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王麒; 宋秋来; 孙羽; 曾宪楠; 冯延江; 赵宏亮; 项洪涛; 王曼力; 洛育; 张小明; 王萍; 谭贺
Original assignee: Institute of Tillage and Cultivation Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Current assignee: Institute of Tillage and Cultivation Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Priority date: 2018-09-17
Filing date: 2018-09-17
Publication date: 2021-04-16
Anticipated expiration: 2038-09-17
Also published as: CN109168641A

Abstract

Saline and alkaline land is restoreed with rice straw high-voltage static and is removed salt still field device with higher speed belongs to farming cultivation technical field, by high-voltage static generator (1), stirring propelling movement motor (2), feed bin (3), soak salting cabin (4), degradation fungus liquid cabin (5), salt cabin (6), salt cabin door (11), stabilizer blade (12), support (16), add water cabin door (21), degradation fungus liquid adds door (23) and constitutes its characterized in that: the high-voltage electrostatic generator (1) is a device for generating high-voltage static electricity, a copper core is arranged inside a high-voltage electrostatic plate (15), the outer surface of the high-voltage electrostatic plate is an insulating surface layer made of rubber, and an included angle of 5-10 degrees is formed between a central axis in the width direction and a central axis in the vertical direction of the salt precipitation chamber (4); the outer surface of the cone of the spiral pushing rotor (20) is provided with a spiral protrusion with the height of 3-5 cm and the thread pitch of 1-2 cm. The device is simple to manufacture, high in operability, low in cost and obvious in effect.

Description

Rice straw high-voltage static accelerated desalting and returning device for saline-alkali soil remediation

Technical Field

The invention relates to a high-voltage electrostatic accelerated desalting and returning device for rice straws for saline-alkali soil remediation, and belongs to the technical field of farming and cultivation.

Background

At present, saline-alkali soil which can be used for planting rice in China is more than 2 hundred million mu, and the yield of grains can be increased by hundreds of billions kilograms according to the future yield of 200-one-mu and 300-one-kilogram, so that 2 hundred million people can be cultivated. After the rice is gradually pushed to be planted in a large area, the saline-alkali soil salinity is reduced, and the rice straw is returned to the field. The straw returning field is a soil fertility increasing and yield increasing measure which is generally regarded as important in the world at present, and has the functions of increasing fertilizer and increasing yield while avoiding atmospheric pollution caused by straw burning. The straw returning can increase soil organic matters, improve soil structure, loosen soil, increase porosity, reduce capacity and promote microbial activity and crop root development. The effect of straw returning, fertilizer increasing and yield increasing is obvious, the yield can be increased by 5-10 percent generally, but if the method is improper, the adverse phenomena of soil germ increase, crop disease aggravation, seedling shortage (runt seedling) and the like can also be caused. Therefore, a reasonable straw returning measure is adopted, and a good returning effect can be achieved. The most essential technology of returning the straws to the field is to rapidly decompose cellulose in the straws. How to use a high-voltage electrostatic field to gather charged salt ions so as to rapidly remove the salt in the rice straw becomes a great problem to be solved? Therefore, the voltage is amplified by utilizing the high-voltage electrostatic generator in a power-on state through self-excited oscillation, boosting and the like, the generated high-voltage static electricity is transmitted to the high-voltage electrostatic plates, so that a high-voltage electrostatic field is formed between the two high-voltage electrostatic plates, positive charge ions and negative charge ions in the soaking salt precipitation cabin are adsorbed to the positions of the two high-voltage electrostatic plates respectively, the polarity of the high-voltage electrostatic plates is controlled by the control panel and is converted once at regular intervals according to the characteristics of the diodes, so that the positive charge ions and the negative charge ions swing back and forth in the soaking salt precipitation cabin, part of the positive charge ions and the negative charge ions enter the salt precipitation cabin from an opening below the high-voltage electrostatic plates in the process, the positive charge ions and the negative charge ions form salt crystals in the salt precipitation cabin, the salt crystals can be deposited at the lower part of the salt precipitation cabin under the action of gravity, and finally the salt precipitation cabin is, The device can return the rice straws to the field, is used for repairing saline-alkali soil, provides organic fertilizer for the saline-alkali soil on site and the like, and is necessary for the high-voltage electrostatic accelerated desalting and returning device for the rice straws for repairing the saline-alkali soil.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the problems, the invention provides a rice straw high-voltage static accelerated desalting and returning device for saline-alkali soil remediation, which utilizes a high-voltage static generator to amplify voltage through self-excited oscillation, boosting and the like in a power-on state, the generated high-voltage static is transmitted to a high-voltage electrostatic plate, so that a high-voltage electrostatic field is formed between the two high-voltage electrostatic plates, positive charge ions and negative charge ions in a soaking salt precipitation cabin are adsorbed to the respective positions of the two high-voltage electrostatic plates, the polarity of the high-voltage electrostatic plate is switched once at a certain time interval under the control of a control panel according to the characteristics of a diode, so that the positive charge ions and the negative charge ions swing back and forth in the soaking salt precipitation cabin, and part of the positive charge ions enter a salt collection cabin from an opening below the high-voltage electrostatic plate during the switching, the positive charge ions and the negative charge ions form salt crystals in the salt collecting cabin, and the salt crystals can be deposited at the lower part of the salt collecting cabin and finally taken out from the salt collecting cabin door under the action of gravity, so that the purposes of accelerating the removal of salt in the rice straws by utilizing high-voltage static electricity, returning the rice straws to the field, repairing saline-alkali soil, providing organic fertilizer on the spot for the saline-alkali soil and the like are achieved.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:

the invention relates to a rice straw high-voltage static accelerated desalting and returning device for saline-alkali soil remediation, which consists of a high-voltage static generator 1, a stirring and pushing motor 2, a feeding cabin 3, a soaking and salting cabin 4, a degrading bacteria liquid cabin 5, a salt collecting cabin 6, a salt collecting cabin door 11, support legs 12, a support 16, a water adding cabin door 21 and a degrading bacteria liquid adding door 23, and is characterized in that: the high-voltage electrostatic generator 1 is a device for generating high-voltage static electricity, the part of the high-voltage electrostatic generator 1 for generating the high-voltage static electricity is cuboid, the length of the cuboid is 1-1.5 meters, the width of the cuboid is 0.3-0.5 meter, the height of the cuboid is 0.3-0.5 meter, the part is positioned below the degradation bacteria liquid cabin 5 and in front of the soaking salt precipitation cabin 4, and the high-voltage electrostatic generator comprises a main power line plug 7, a main power line 8, a control panel 13, a high-voltage electrostatic plate support 14 and a high-voltage electrostatic plate 15. The structure and function of the general power line plug 7 are the same as those of the known power line plug, and have two phases. The structure and function of the total power line 8 are the same as those of a well-known double-strand copper core power line, the cross section of the copper core is circular, and the diameter of the circular copper core is 3-5 mm. 4 fast turn-off diodes for controlling the current direction are arranged in the control panel 13, 2 diodes are arranged on each circuit leading to 2 high-voltage electrostatic plates 15, the control panel 13 is cuboid, the length of the cuboid is 5-10 cm, the width of the cuboid is 3-5 cm, the thickness of the cuboid is 1-2 cm, and the bottom surface of the cuboid is installed at the front end of the upper portion of the right side surface of the high-voltage electrostatic generator 1 through a bolt structure. The high-voltage electrostatic plate supports 14 are supports for supporting and fixing the high-voltage electrostatic plates 15 at the front end and the rear end of each high-voltage electrostatic plate 15, are positioned on the inner surface of the bottom wall of the soaking and salting cabin 4, the lower ends of the high-voltage electrostatic plates are connected and fixed on the inner surface of the bottom wall of the soaking and salting cabin 4 through a bolt structure, 1 high-voltage electrostatic plate support 14 is arranged on each high-voltage electrostatic plate 15, the support matrix made of aluminum alloy is arranged inside the high-voltage electrostatic plate supports, the height of the support matrix is 10-20 cm, the insulating surface layer made of rubber is arranged outside the high; the cross section of the supporting base body is trapezoidal, the length of the upper bottom of the trapezoid is 5-10 cm, the length of the lower bottom of the trapezoid is 8-15 cm, the height of the lower bottom of the trapezoid is 5-10 cm, a groove with a rectangular cross section is arranged in the vertical direction in the center of the lower bottom of the trapezoid, and an included angle of 5-10 degrees is formed between the groove and the upper and lower middle shafts of the supporting base body; a bolt fixing hole with threads arranged inside is formed in the center of the lower surface of the supporting base body, the diameter of the bolt fixing hole is 1-1.2 cm, and the depth of the bolt fixing hole is 2-5 cm; the lower bottom surfaces of the high-voltage electrostatic plate brackets 14 at the front end and the rear end of the high-voltage electrostatic plate 15 are oppositely arranged; the bottom wall of the soaking and salting chamber 4 below the high-voltage electrostatic plate 15 between the two high-voltage electrostatic plate brackets 14 is provided with 1 slit which is rectangular, the length of the rectangle is 0.5-0.8 m, and the width of the rectangle is 0.1-0.2 m. The high-voltage electrostatic plate 15 is internally provided with a copper core, the copper core is cuboid, the length of the cuboid is 0.6-1.2 meters, the width of the cuboid is 0.3-0.5 meters, the thickness of the cuboid is 0.5-1 cm, the outer surface of the high-voltage electrostatic plate 15 is a rubber insulating surface layer, and the thickness of the insulating surface layer is 0.5-1 cm; the high-voltage electrostatic plate 15 has the length in the front-back direction in the soaking and salting chamber 4, the width in the up-down direction and the thickness in the left-right direction, and an included angle of 5-10 degrees is formed between the central axis in the width direction and the central axis in the vertical direction of the soaking and salting chamber 4.

The stirring and pushing motor 2 consists of a stirring and pushing motor power cord 17, a stirring and pushing motor body 18, a through hole 19, a spiral pushing rotor 20 and a water-permeable salt outlet cylinder 22. One end of a stirring and pushing motor power line 17 is connected with the control panel 13, the other end of the stirring and pushing motor power line is connected with a stirring and pushing motor body 18, the structure and the function of the stirring and pushing motor power line are the same as those of a well-known double-strand copper core power line, the cross section of the copper core is circular, and the diameter of the circular copper core is 2-4 mm. The stirring and pushing motor body 18 is positioned behind the soaking and salting tank 4, is in a cuboid shape, has the length of 0.3-0.5 meter, the width of 1-1.5 meter and the height of 1-1.5 meter, is internally provided with a coil, and can drive the spiral pushing rotor 20 to rotate when being electrified. The spiral pushing rotor 20 is a power component for extruding and pushing the rice straw powder forward, is made of manganese steel, the rear section of the spiral pushing rotor 20 extends into the stirring and pushing motor body 18 and is cylindrical, the diameter of the circular cross section of the cylinder is 3-10 cm, the exposed part of the front section of the spiral pushing rotor 20 extends into the water-permeable salt outlet cylinder 22, the central axis of the exposed part is conical, the diameter of the conical base circle is 3-10 cm, the height of the conical is 0.8-1.6 m, a spiral protrusion is arranged on the outer surface of the conical, the height of the protrusion is 3-5 cm, and the thread pitch of the protrusion is 1-2 cm. The permeable salt outlet cylinder 22 is made of stainless steel and is cylindrical, the diameter of the inner cavity of the cylinder is 8-20 cm, and the wall thickness of the cylinder is 0.3-0.5 cm; the water-permeable salt outlet cylinder 22 is horizontally arranged at the part of the soaking salt precipitation chamber 4, the rear end of the water-permeable salt outlet cylinder is fixed on the inner surface of the corresponding position of the rear wall of the soaking salt precipitation chamber 4, and after the water-permeable salt outlet cylinder is fixed, the spiral pushing rotor 20 is just positioned at the center of the water-permeable salt outlet cylinder 22; the part of the permeable salt outlet cylinder 22 close to the desalted material outlet 24 at the front end of the degradation bacteria liquid tank 5 is also horizontally arranged, the two sections of the permeable salt outlet cylinder and the desalted material outlet are combined to form an S-shaped bend, and the S-shaped bend is fixed on the front wall of the permeable salt outlet cylinder 22 and the rear wall of the degradation bacteria liquid tank 5; the outer wall of the horizontal part of the water-permeable salt outlet cylinder 22 after the S-shaped bending is provided with a plurality of through holes 19, the through holes 19 are channels for water or salt-containing solution to enter and exit the water-permeable salt outlet cylinder 22, the length of the through holes 19 is 0.3-0.5 cm, the cross section of each through hole 19 is circular, and the diameter of each circular hole is 0.3-0.5 cm; the outer wall of the horizontal part of the water-permeable salt outlet cylinder 22 before S-shaped bending is provided with a plurality of material inner bacteria-mixing holes 25, the material inner bacteria-mixing holes 25 are channels for bacteria liquid to enter and exit the water-permeable salt outlet cylinder 22, the length of the material inner bacteria-mixing holes 25 is 0.3-0.5 cm, the cross section of the material inner bacteria-mixing holes 25 is circular, and the diameter of the circular shape is 0.3-0.5 cm; the front end opening of the horizontal part of the permeable salt outlet cylinder 22 before S-shaped bending is a desalting material outlet 24, the desalting material outlet 24 is circular, and the diameter of the circle is 8-20 cm; the water-permeable salt outlet cylinder 22 is communicated with the feeding cabin 3 above the rear part of the horizontal part after the S-shaped bending.

The feeding cabin 3 is funnel-shaped and is positioned above the rear part of the permeable salt outlet cylinder 22, the lower end of the feeding cabin 3 is communicated with the permeable salt outlet cylinder 22, the upper end of the feeding cabin is upwards opened, and the feeding cabin is a channel for the crushed rice straw powder to enter the permeable salt outlet cylinder 22; the opening at the lower end of the feeding cabin 3 is circular, and the diameter of the circle is 6-12 cm; the upper end opening of the feeding cabin 3 is rectangular, the length of the rectangle is 1-1.5 m, and the width of the rectangle is 0.5-1 m.

The soaking salting-out cabin 4 is a part of a middle cuboid part of a rice straw high-voltage electrostatic accelerated desalting returning device for saline-alkali soil remediation, wherein the feeding cabin 3 is removed from the middle cuboid part, the length of the middle cuboid part is 1-2 meters, the width of the middle cuboid part is 1-1.5 meters, the height of the middle cuboid part is 1-1.5 meters, the cabin wall of the soaking salting-out cabin 4 is a stainless steel plate lined with a rubber layer, the thickness of the steel plate is 3-5 millimeters, the thickness of the rubber layer is 0.5-1 centimeter, the rear end of the water-permeable salt outlet barrel 22 is fixed at the middle part of the rear wall of the soaking salting-out cabin 4 corresponding to the rear end of the water-permeable salt outlet barrel 22 through welding, the lower end of the water-permeable salt outlet barrel 22S-shaped bend is fixed at the middle part of the front wall of the soaking salting-out cabin 4 corresponding to the water-permeable salt outlet barrel 22 through welding, 2 high-voltage electrostatic, 1 crack is respectively arranged below each high-voltage electrostatic plate 15 on the bottom wall of the soaking and salting cabin 4, the crack is rectangular, the length of the rectangle is 0.5-0.8 m, the width of the rectangle is 0.1-0.2 m, and the crack is a passage for salt ions to enter the salt collecting cabin 6 from the soaking and salting cabin 4; the center of the top wall of the soaking and salting cabin 4 is provided with 1 water adding cabin door 21. The water adding cabin door 21 is a rectangular opening with a cover in the center of the top wall of the soaking and salting cabin 4, the length of the rectangle is 6-12 cm, the width of the rectangle is 5-10 cm, the cover is also rectangular, and the length of the rectangular cover is 7-15 cm, and the width of the rectangular cover is 6-12 cm.

The degrading bacteria liquid cabin 5 is a storage cabin for containing bacteria liquid with efficient degradation capacity on cellulose, the cabin wall of the degrading bacteria liquid cabin 5 is a stainless steel plate, the thickness of the steel plate is 3-5 mm, the bottom wall of the degrading bacteria liquid cabin 5 is positioned below the S-shaped bent lower end of the water-permeable salt-discharging cylinder 22, the contact part of the degrading bacteria liquid cabin 5 and the S-shaped bent part of the water-permeable salt-discharging cylinder 22 is further fixed in a welding mode, the bottom wall of the degrading bacteria liquid cabin 5 is rectangular, the length of the rectangle is 1-1.5 m, the width of the rectangle is 0.3-0.5 m, the water-permeable salt-discharging cylinder 22 penetrates through the lower part of the center of the rear wall of the degrading bacteria liquid cabin 5, the outer wall of the water-permeable salt-discharging cylinder 22 and the rear wall of the degrading bacteria liquid cabin 5 are welded together at the penetrating part of the water-permeable salt-discharging cylinder 22, the two side walls of the degrading bacteria liquid cabin 5 are positioned above the high-pressure electrostatic generator 1, and the front wall of the two side walls of the, the top edge of the front wall of the degradation bacterium liquid cabin 5 is welded with the front edge of the top wall, the left and right side edges of the front wall of the degradation bacterium liquid cabin 5 are welded with the front edges of the two side walls, the upper part of the center of the front wall of the degradation bacterium liquid cabin 5 is provided with a round hole for the water-permeable salt outlet cylinder 22 to extend out of the degradation bacterium liquid cabin 5, and the front wall of the degradation bacterium liquid cabin 5 is welded with the outer wall of the water-permeable salt outlet cylinder 22; the bacteria used by the bacterial liquid with high-efficiency degradation capability on cellulose are lactobacillus plantarum, and experiments show that the lactobacillus plantarum can degrade 83.5% of rice straws buried in soil with the depth of 10 cm within 2 months; the top wall of the bacteria degrading liquid cabin 5 is rectangular, the length of the rectangle is 1-1.5 m, the width of the rectangle is 0.5-0.8 m, and a bacteria degrading liquid adding door 23 is arranged in the center of the top wall. The degrading bacteria liquid adding door 23 is a rectangular opening with a cover in the center of the top wall of the degrading bacteria liquid cabin 5, the length of the rectangle is 6-12 cm, the width of the rectangle is 5-10 cm, the cover is also rectangular, and the length of the rectangular cover is 7-15 cm, and the width of the rectangular cover is 6-12 cm.

The support 16 is used for supporting the lower part of the rice straw high-voltage electrostatic accelerated desalting and returning device for saline-alkali soil restoration, and is made of steel bars and steel plates, four frames below the whole device are steel plates, the cross section of each steel plate is rectangular, the length of each rectangle is 2-5 cm, the width of each rectangle is 2-3 cm, 2 steel bars are arranged in the transverse direction below the joint of the stirring and pushing motor body 18 and the soaking and salting tank 4, the cross section of each steel bar is circular, the diameter of each circle is 2-3 cm, 2 steel bars are also arranged in the transverse direction below the joint of the high-voltage electrostatic generator 1 and the soaking and salting tank 4, the cross section of each steel bar is circular, and the diameter of each circle is 2-3 cm. The support legs 12 are made of steel and are 4 in total, the support legs 12 are used for supporting the rice straw high-voltage electrostatic accelerated desalting and returning device for the saline-alkali soil restoration to the ground, each support leg 12 is cuboid, the length of each cuboid is 5-10 cm, the width of each cuboid is 2-5 cm, the height of each cuboid is 20-30 cm, the front 2 support legs 12 are located at two ends of the lower portion of the front wall of the high-voltage electrostatic generator 1, and the rear 2 support legs 12 are located at two ends of the lower portion of the rear wall of the soaking salt precipitation cabin 4.

The salt collecting cabin 6 is a space in which positive cations and negative anions meet to form salt, and is positioned below the high-voltage electrostatic generator 1 and the soaking salt precipitation cabin 4, the cabin wall of the salt collecting cabin 6 is a stainless steel plate lined with a rubber layer, the thickness of the steel plate is 3-5 mm, the thickness of the rubber layer is 0.5-1 cm, the rear end of the bottom wall of the salt collecting cabin 6 is connected to the outer side of the rear edge of the bottom wall of the soaking salt precipitation cabin 4, the front end of the bottom wall of the salt collecting cabin 6 is connected between 2 support legs 12 below the front edge of the bottom wall of the high-voltage electrostatic generator 1, the depth of the salt collecting cabin 6 is gradually increased from back to front, a front wall is formed at the front end of the salt collecting cabin 6, and the center of the front wall. The salt collecting cabin door 11 is a rectangular opening with a cover in the center of the front wall of the salt collecting cabin 6, the length of the rectangle is 20-30 cm, the width of the rectangle is 5-10 cm, the cover is also a rectangle, and the length of the rectangular cover is 25-35 cm, and the width of the rectangular cover is 6-12 cm. The door-opening hinges 9 are positioned at the lower edge of the cover of the salt collecting cabin door 11, the number of the door-opening hinges is 2, and the structure and the function of each door-opening hinge 9 are the same as those of the well-known hinges. The handle 10 is a central handle on the outer surface of the salt bin door 11, and has the same structure and function as the well-known handle.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention relates to a rice straw high-voltage static accelerated desalting and returning device for saline-alkali soil remediation, which amplifies voltage by utilizing a high-voltage static generator in a power-on state through self-excited oscillation, boosting and the like, transmits the generated high-voltage static to high-voltage static plates, thereby forming a high-voltage static field between the two high-voltage static plates, further adsorbing positive charge ions and negative charge ions in a soaking salt precipitation cabin to the respective positions of the two high-voltage static plates, switching the polarity of the high-voltage static plates once at regular intervals according to the characteristics of a diode under the control of a control panel, further leading the positive charge ions and the negative charge ions to swing back and forth in the soaking salt precipitation cabin, leading part of the positive charge ions and the negative charge ions to enter the salt collection cabin from an opening below the high-voltage static plates during the period, forming salt crystals in the salt collection cabin, and leading the salt crystals to be deposited at the lower part, and finally, the rice straw is taken out from the salt collecting cabin door, so that the purposes of accelerating the removal of salt in the rice straw by using high-voltage static electricity, returning the rice straw to the field, repairing saline-alkali soil, providing organic fertilizer for the saline-alkali soil on site and the like are achieved. The rice straw high-voltage static accelerated desalting and returning device for saline-alkali soil remediation is simple to manufacture, strong in operability, low in cost and obvious in effect.

Drawings

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a rice straw high-voltage electrostatic accelerated desalting and returning device for saline-alkali soil remediation.

In the figure, 1, a high-voltage electrostatic generator, 2, a stirring and pushing motor, 3, a feeding cabin, 4, a soaking and salting cabin, 5, a bacteria degrading liquid cabin, 6, a salt collecting cabin, 7, a total power line plug, 8, a total power line, 9, a door opening hinge, 10, a handle, 11, a salt collecting cabin door, 12, a support leg, 13, a control panel, 14, a high-voltage electrostatic plate support, 15, a high-voltage electrostatic plate, 16, a support, 17, a stirring and pushing motor power line, 18, a stirring and pushing motor body, 19, a through hole, 20, a spiral pushing rotor, 21, a water adding cabin door, 22, a water permeable salt discharging cylinder, 23, a degrading bacteria liquid adding door, 24, a desalting material outlet and 25, an in-material bacteria mixing hole are arranged.

Detailed Description

Example one

A rice straw high-voltage static accelerated desalting and returning device for saline-alkali soil remediation is composed of a high-voltage static generator 1, a stirring and pushing motor 2, a feeding cabin 3, a soaking and salting cabin 4, a degrading bacteria liquid cabin 5, a salt collecting cabin 6, a general power line plug 7, a general power line 8, a door opening hinge 9, a handle 10, a salt collecting cabin door 11, support legs 12, a control panel 13, a high-voltage electrostatic plate support 14, a high-voltage electrostatic plate 15, a support 16, a stirring and pushing motor power line 17, a stirring and pushing motor body 18, a through hole 19, a spiral pushing rotor 20, a water adding cabin door 21, a water permeable salt outlet cylinder 22, a degrading bacteria liquid adding door 23, a desalting material outlet 24 and a bacteria mixing hole 25 in the material. The high-voltage static generator 1 is a device for generating high-voltage static, and has the same structure and function as the well-known high-voltage static generator, and the principle is as follows: a stable direct current power supply is composed of a voltage reduction circuit, a rectification filter circuit and a voltage stabilizing circuit to provide energy, an oscillation coil or an integrated circuit is subjected to self-excitation oscillation to convert the energy into the frequency of 5kHz-20kHz, the frequency is boosted to 6kV-10kV alternating current, and the high-voltage direct current power supply-high voltage static electricity of 60kV-100kV can be obtained through multi-stage 10-level voltage doubling rectification. The high-voltage electrostatic generator 1 can amplify voltage through self-excited oscillation, boosting and the like in a power-on state, the generated high-voltage static electricity is transmitted to the high-voltage electrostatic plates 15, so that a high-voltage electrostatic field is formed between the two high-voltage electrostatic plates 15, positive charge ions and negative charge ions in the soaking salt precipitation cabin 4 are adsorbed to the positions of the two high-voltage electrostatic plates 15 respectively, the polarity of the high-voltage electrostatic plates 15 is controlled by the control panel 13 and is switched once at regular intervals according to the characteristics of the diodes, so that the positive charge ions and the negative charge ions swing back and forth in the soaking salt precipitation cabin 4, part of the positive charge ions and the negative charge ions enter the salt precipitation cabin 6 from an opening below the high-voltage electrostatic plates 15 in the process, the positive charge ions and the negative charge ions form salt crystals in the salt precipitation cabin 6, the salt crystals can be deposited at the lower part of the salt precipitation cabin 6 under the action of, the aim of removing salt in rice straws by high-voltage static at high speed, returning the rice straws to the field, repairing saline-alkali soil, providing organic fertilizer for the saline-alkali soil on site and the like is fulfilled, the part of the high-voltage static generator 1 generating high-voltage static is cuboid, the length of the cuboid is 1-1.5 meters, the width of the cuboid is 0.3-0.5 meter, the height of the cuboid is 0.3-0.5 meter, the part is positioned below the degrading bacteria liquid cabin 5 and in front of the soaking salt precipitation cabin 4, and the high-voltage static generator comprises a main power line plug 7, a main power line 8, a control panel 13, a high-voltage static plate bracket 14 and a high-voltage static plate 15. The structure and the function of the main power line plug 7 are the same as those of a known power line plug, and the main power line plug has two phases, and can guide external electric energy into the main power line 8 after being inserted into an external power socket. The structure and function of the total power line 8 are the same as those of a well-known double-strand copper core power line, the cross section of the copper core is circular, and the diameter of the circular copper core is 3-5 mm. The control panel 13 is a structure for controlling a circuit switch of the rice straw high-voltage static accelerated desalting and returning device for repairing the whole saline-alkali soil, 4 fast turn-off diodes for controlling the direction of current are arranged in the control panel, 2 diodes are arranged on each circuit leading to 2 high-voltage electrostatic plates 15, the 4 diodes have synergistic effect, electrodes of the 2 high-voltage electrostatic plates 15 can be changed from positive electricity to negative electricity regularly and then from negative electricity to positive electricity, the control panel 13 is cuboid-shaped, the length of the cuboid is 5-10 cm, the width of the cuboid is 3-5 cm, the thickness of the cuboid is 1-2 cm, and the bottom surface of the cuboid is installed at the front end of the upper part of the right side face of the high-voltage electrostatic generator. The high-voltage electrostatic plate supports 14 are supports for supporting and fixing the high-voltage electrostatic plates 15 at the front end and the rear end of each high-voltage electrostatic plate 15, are positioned on the inner surface of the bottom wall of the soaking and salting cabin 4, the lower ends of the high-voltage electrostatic plates are connected and fixed on the inner surface of the bottom wall of the soaking and salting cabin 4 through a bolt structure, 1 high-voltage electrostatic plate support 14 is arranged on each high-voltage electrostatic plate 15, the support matrix made of aluminum alloy is arranged inside the high-voltage electrostatic plate supports, the height of the support matrix is 10-20 cm, the insulating surface layer made of rubber is arranged outside the high; the cross section of the supporting base body is trapezoid, the length of the upper bottom of the trapezoid is 5-10 cm, the length of the lower bottom of the trapezoid is 8-15 cm, the height of the lower bottom of the trapezoid is 5-10 cm, and a groove with a rectangular cross section is arranged in the vertical direction in the center of the lower bottom of the trapezoid and used for inserting a high-voltage electrostatic plate 15; an included angle of 5-10 degrees is formed between the groove and the upper and lower middle shafts of the supporting substrate, so that the high-voltage electrostatic plate 15 is obliquely arranged, and positive charge ions or negative charge ions sink into the salt collecting cabin 6 when an electric field changes; a bolt fixing hole with threads arranged inside is formed in the center of the lower surface of the supporting base body, the diameter of the bolt fixing hole is 1-1.2 cm, the depth of the bolt fixing hole is 2-5 cm, and the bolt fixing hole is used for screwing a fixing bolt into the supporting base body, so that the high-voltage electrostatic plate bracket 14 is fixed on the inner surface of the bottom wall of the soaking salt precipitation cabin 4; the lower bottom surfaces of the high-voltage electrostatic plate brackets 14 at the front end and the rear end of the high-voltage electrostatic plate 15 are oppositely arranged, so that the high-voltage electrostatic plate 15 can be inserted into the groove on the lower bottom surface of the high-voltage electrostatic plate bracket 14 when being installed; the bottom wall of the soaking and salting cabin 4 below the high-voltage electrostatic plate 15 between the two high-voltage electrostatic plate supports 14 is provided with 1 slit which is used for enabling salt ions to enter the salt collecting cabin 6 from the soaking and salting cabin 4, the slit is rectangular, the length of the rectangle is 0.5-0.8 m, and the width of the rectangle is 0.1-0.2 m. The high-voltage electrostatic plate 15 is internally provided with a copper core, the copper core is cuboid, the length of the cuboid is 0.6-1.2 meters, the width of the cuboid is 0.3-0.5 meters, the thickness of the cuboid is 0.5-1 cm, the outer surface of the high-voltage electrostatic plate 15 is a rubber insulating surface layer, and the thickness of the insulating surface layer is 0.5-1 cm; the high-voltage electrostatic plates 15 have the length in the front-back direction and the width in the up-down direction in the soaking and salting compartment 4, the thickness in the left-right direction, and the included angle of 5-10 degrees between the central axis in the width direction and the central axis in the vertical direction of the soaking and salting compartment 4, after the high-voltage electrostatic generator 1 is electrified, a high-voltage electrostatic field is formed between the left high-voltage electrostatic plate 15 and the right high-voltage electrostatic plate 15, so that particles with positive charges and negative charges in the rice straw leacheate soaked in the soaking and salting compartment 4 are converged around the surface of the high-voltage electrostatic plates 15 with different polarities due to opposite attraction, after the polarities are changed, due to the inclined repulsive force of the high-voltage electrostatic plates 15, the particles can be pushed obliquely downwards, along with the continuous change of the polarities, the charged ions continuously oscillate, once the particles enter the salt collecting compartment 6, the different charged ions can be combined to form salt molecules to be deposited in the salt collecting compartment 6 without being, thereby achieving the purpose of collecting salt. The stirring and pushing motor 2 is a device which adds crushed rice straw powder which is added into the water-permeable salt outlet cylinder 22 from the feeding cabin 3, extrudes and pushes the soaked rice straw powder in the rotation process of the water-permeable salt outlet cylinder 22 through the spiral pushing rotor 20, so that salt in the rice straw powder is dissolved and extruded out, the salt passes through the through hole 19 and enters the soaking and salt separating cabin 4, salt ions with positive charge or negative charge are formed in the soaking and salt separating cabin 4, and the salt ions are accelerated by high-voltage static electricity generated by the high-voltage static electricity generator 1 to achieve the purpose of rapid desalting, and the stirring and pushing motor 2 is composed of a stirring and pushing motor power line 17, a stirring and pushing motor body 18, the through hole 19, the spiral pushing rotor 20 and the water-permeable salt outlet cylinder 22. One end of a stirring and pushing motor power line 17 is connected with the control panel 13, the other end of the stirring and pushing motor power line is connected with a stirring and pushing motor body 18, the structure and the function of the stirring and pushing motor power line are the same as those of a well-known double-strand copper core power line, the cross section of the copper core is circular, and the diameter of the circular copper core is 2-4 mm. The stirring and pushing motor body 18 is positioned behind the soaking and salting tank 4, is in a cuboid shape, has the length of 0.3-0.5 meter, the width of 1-1.5 meter and the height of 1-1.5 meter, is internally provided with a coil, and can drive the spiral pushing rotor 20 to rotate when being electrified. The spiral pushing rotor 20 is a power part for extruding and pushing the rice straw powder forward, is made of manganese steel, the rear section of the spiral pushing rotor 20 extends into the stirring and pushing motor body 18, is cylindrical, has a circular cross section and a diameter of 3-10 cm, and can be pushed by a coil in the stirring and pushing motor body 18 to rotate; the exposed part of the front section of the spiral pushing rotor 20 extends into the water-permeable salt outlet cylinder 22, the central axis of the exposed part is conical, the diameter of the conical bottom circle is 3-10 cm, the height of the cone is 0.8-1.6 m, the outer surface of the cone is provided with a spiral bulge, the height of the bulge is 3-5 cm, and the pitch of the bulge is 1-2 cm. The permeable salt discharging barrel 22 is a device which enters water from the through hole 19 and mixes the water with the rice straw powder to soak the rice straw powder, so as to dissolve soluble salt in the rice straw powder, then the leachate dissolved with salt is extruded and pushed into the soaking salt precipitation cabin 4 under the extrusion of the spiral pushing rotor 20, meanwhile, the desalted rice straw powder is continuously pushed forwards, the permeable salt discharging barrel 22 is provided with an in-material mixed bacteria hole 25 on the wall of the upper part of the degradation bacteria liquid cabin 5, when the desalted rice straw powder is about to be discharged from the desalting material outlet 24 out of the saline-alkali soil restoration water rice straw high-pressure static accelerated desalting and returning device, rice straw liquid capable of being decomposed is added to form a desalted and bacteria-carrying straw powder strip, and then the desalted and bacteria-carrying straw powder strip is applied to the farmland, finally the purpose of returning the rice straw to the farmland is achieved, the permeable salt discharging barrel 22 is made of stainless steel and is cylindrical, the diameter of the inner cavity of the barrel is 8-20 cm, the wall thickness of the cylinder is 0.3-0.5 cm; the water-permeable salt outlet cylinder 22 is horizontally arranged at the part of the soaking salt precipitation chamber 4, the rear end of the water-permeable salt outlet cylinder is fixed on the inner surface of the corresponding position of the rear wall of the soaking salt precipitation chamber 4, and after the water-permeable salt outlet cylinder is fixed, the spiral pushing rotor 20 is just positioned at the center of the water-permeable salt outlet cylinder 22; the part of the permeable salt outlet cylinder 22 close to the desalted material outlet 24 at the front end of the degradation bacteria liquid tank 5 is also horizontally arranged, the two sections of the permeable salt outlet cylinder and the desalted material outlet are combined to form an S-shaped bend, and the S-shaped bend is fixed on the front wall of the permeable salt outlet cylinder 22 and the rear wall of the degradation bacteria liquid tank 5; the outer wall of the horizontal part of the water-permeable salt outlet cylinder 22 after the S-shaped bending is provided with a plurality of through holes 19, the through holes 19 are channels for water or salt-containing solution to enter and exit the water-permeable salt outlet cylinder 22, the length of the through holes 19 is 0.3-0.5 cm, the cross section of each through hole 19 is circular, and the diameter of each circular hole is 0.3-0.5 cm; the outer wall of the horizontal part of the water-permeable salt outlet cylinder 22 before S-shaped bending is provided with a plurality of material inner bacteria-mixing holes 25, the material inner bacteria-mixing holes 25 are channels for bacteria liquid to enter and exit the water-permeable salt outlet cylinder 22, the length of the material inner bacteria-mixing holes 25 is 0.3-0.5 cm, the cross section of the material inner bacteria-mixing holes 25 is circular, and the diameter of the circular shape is 0.3-0.5 cm; the front end opening of the horizontal part of the permeable salt discharging cylinder 22 before S-shaped bending is a desalting material outlet 24, the desalting material outlet 24 is an opening for discharging strips formed by rice straw powder mixed with bacterial liquid of decomposition cellulase of high-efficiency rice straw cellulosic components out of the permeable salt discharging cylinder 22 after the rice straw is desalted by the rice straw high-voltage electrostatic accelerated desalting returning device for saline-alkali soil remediation, the desalting material outlet 24 is circular, and the diameter of the circle is 8-20 cm; the water-permeable salt outlet cylinder 22 is communicated with the feeding cabin 3 above the rear part of the horizontal part after the S-shaped bending. The feeding cabin 3 is funnel-shaped and is positioned above the rear part of the permeable salt outlet cylinder 22, the lower end of the feeding cabin 3 is communicated with the permeable salt outlet cylinder 22, the upper end of the feeding cabin is upwards opened, and the feeding cabin is a channel for the crushed rice straw powder to enter the permeable salt outlet cylinder 22; the opening at the lower end of the feeding cabin 3 is circular, and the diameter of the circle is 6-12 cm; the upper end opening of the feeding cabin 3 is rectangular, the length of the rectangle is 1-1.5 m, and the width of the rectangle is 0.5-1 m. The soaking salting-out cabin 4 is a part of a middle cuboid part of a rice straw high-voltage electrostatic accelerated desalting returning device for saline-alkali soil remediation, the feeding cabin 3 is removed from the middle cuboid part, the length of the middle cuboid part is 1-2 meters, the width of the middle cuboid part is 1-1.5 meters, the height of the middle cuboid part is 1-1.5 meters, the cabin wall of the soaking salting-out cabin 4 is a stainless steel plate with a rubber lining, the thickness of the steel plate is 3-5 millimeters, the thickness of the rubber layer is 0.5-1 centimeter, the rear end of the water-permeable salt outlet cylinder 22 corresponding to the rear wall middle of the soaking salting-out cabin 4 is fixed by welding, the lower end of the water-permeable salt outlet cylinder 22S-shaped bend corresponding to the water-permeable salt outlet cylinder 22 in the middle of the front wall of the soaking salting-out cabin 4 is fixed by welding, 2 high-voltage electrostatic plates 15 are fixed on the bottom wall of the soaking salting-out cabin 4 through, 1 crack is respectively arranged below each high-voltage electrostatic plate 15 on the bottom wall of the soaking and salting cabin 4, the crack is rectangular, the length of the rectangle is 0.5-0.8 m, the width of the rectangle is 0.1-0.2 m, and the crack is a passage for salt ions to enter the salt collecting cabin 6 from the soaking and salting cabin 4; the center of the top wall of the soaking and salting cabin 4 is provided with 1 water adding cabin door 21. The water adding cabin door 21 is a rectangular opening with a cover in the center of the top wall of the soaking and salting cabin 4, the length of the rectangle is 6-12 cm, the width of the rectangle is 5-10 cm, the cover is also rectangular, the length of the rectangular cover is 7-15 cm, the width of the rectangular cover is 6-12 cm, after the cover is opened, water can be added into the soaking and salting cabin 4 from the water adding cabin door 21, after the cover is covered, the water adding cabin door 21 can be sealed, and the water in the water cannot overflow. The degrading bacteria liquid cabin 5 is a storage cabin for containing bacteria liquid with efficient degradation capacity on cellulose, the cabin wall of the degrading bacteria liquid cabin 5 is a stainless steel plate, the thickness of the steel plate is 3-5 mm, the bottom wall of the degrading bacteria liquid cabin 5 is positioned below the S-shaped bent lower end of the water-permeable salt-discharging cylinder 22, the contact part of the degrading bacteria liquid cabin 5 and the S-shaped bent part of the water-permeable salt-discharging cylinder 22 is further fixed in a welding mode, so that the bottom wall of the degrading bacteria liquid cabin 5 can support the S-shaped bent part of the water-permeable salt-discharging cylinder 22, the bottom wall of the degrading bacteria liquid cabin 5 is rectangular, the length of the rectangle is 1-1.5 meters, the width of the rectangle is 0.3-0.5 meters, the water-permeable salt-discharging cylinder 22 penetrates through the lower central part of the rear wall of the degrading bacteria liquid cabin 5, the outer wall of the water-permeable salt-discharging cylinder 22 and the rear wall of the degrading bacteria liquid cabin 5 are welded together in a welding mode at the penetrating part of the water-permeable salt-discharging, the front wall of the degradation bacterium liquid cabin 5 extends upwards from the top edge of the front wall of the high-voltage electrostatic generator 1 in an inclined mode, the top edge of the front wall of the degradation bacterium liquid cabin 5 is welded with the front edge of the top wall, the left side edge and the right side edge of the front wall of the degradation bacterium liquid cabin 5 are welded with the front edges of the two side walls, a round hole is formed in the upper portion of the center of the front wall of the degradation bacterium liquid cabin 5, a water-permeable salt outlet cylinder 22 extends out of the degradation bacterium liquid cabin 5, and the front wall of the degradation bacterium liquid cabin 5 is welded with the outer; the bacteria used by the bacterial liquid with high-efficiency degradation capability on cellulose are lactobacillus plantarum, and experiments show that the lactobacillus plantarum can degrade 83.5% of rice straws buried in soil with the depth of 10 cm within 2 months; the top wall of the bacteria degrading liquid cabin 5 is rectangular, the length of the rectangle is 1-1.5 m, the width of the rectangle is 0.5-0.8 m, and a bacteria degrading liquid adding door 23 is arranged in the center of the top wall. The degrading bacteria liquid adding door 23 is a rectangular opening with a cover in the center of the top wall of the degrading bacteria liquid cabin 5, the length of the rectangle is 6-12 cm, the width of the rectangle is 5-10 cm, the cover is also rectangular, the length of the rectangular cover is 7-15 cm, the width of the rectangular cover is 6-12 cm, after the cover is opened, the degrading bacteria liquid can be added into the degrading bacteria liquid cabin 5 from the degrading bacteria liquid adding door 23, after the cover is covered, the degrading bacteria liquid adding door 23 can be sealed, and the degrading bacteria liquid in the degrading bacteria liquid cabin cannot overflow. The support 16 is a support for supporting the lower part of the rice straw high-voltage electrostatic accelerated desalting and returning device for saline-alkali soil remediation, and is made of steel bars and steel plates, four frames below the whole device are steel plates, the cross section of each steel plate is rectangular, the length of each rectangle is 2-5 cm, the width of each rectangle is 2-3 cm, 2 steel bars are arranged in the transverse direction below the joint of the stirring and pushing motor body 18 and the soaking and salting tank 4, the cross section of each steel bar is circular, the diameter of each circle is 2-3 cm, 2 steel bars are also arranged in the transverse direction below the joint of the high-voltage electrostatic generator 1 and the soaking and salting tank 4, the cross section of each steel bar is circular, and the diameter of each circle is 2-3 cm. The support legs 12 are made of steel and are 4 in total, the support legs 12 are used for supporting the rice straw high-voltage electrostatic accelerated desalting and returning device for the saline-alkali soil restoration to the ground, each support leg 12 is cuboid, the length of each cuboid is 5-10 cm, the width of each cuboid is 2-5 cm, the height of each cuboid is 20-30 cm, the front 2 support legs 12 are located at two ends of the lower portion of the front wall of the high-voltage electrostatic generator 1, and the rear 2 support legs 12 are located at two ends of the lower portion of the rear wall of the soaking salt precipitation cabin 4. The salt collecting cabin 6 is a space in which positive cations and negative anions meet to form salt, and is positioned below the high-voltage electrostatic generator 1 and the soaking salt precipitation cabin 4, the cabin wall of the salt collecting cabin 6 is a stainless steel plate lined with a rubber layer, the thickness of the steel plate is 3-5 mm, the thickness of the rubber layer is 0.5-1 cm, the rear end of the bottom wall of the salt collecting cabin 6 is connected to the outer side of the rear edge of the bottom wall of the soaking salt precipitation cabin 4, and the front end of the bottom wall of the salt collecting cabin 6 is connected among 2 support legs 12 below the front edge of the bottom wall of the high-voltage electrostatic generator 1, so that the depth of the salt collecting cabin 6 is gradually increased from back to front, a front wall is formed at the front end of the salt collecting cabin 6, and a salt collecting. The salt collecting cabin door 11 is a rectangular opening with a cover in the center of the front wall of the salt collecting cabin 6, the length of the rectangle is 20-30 cm, the width of the rectangle is 5-10 cm, the cover is also rectangular, the length of the rectangular cover is 25-35 cm, the width of the rectangular cover is 6-12 cm, after the cover is opened, precipitated salt can be moved out of the salt collecting cabin door 11 from the salt collecting cabin door 6, after the cover is covered, the salt collecting cabin door 11 can be sealed, and liquid in the salt collecting cabin door cannot overflow. The door-opening hinges 9 are positioned at the lower edge of the salt-collecting cabin door 11 cover, the number of the door-opening hinges 9 is 2, the structure and the function of each door-opening hinge 9 are the same as those of the well-known hinges, the salt-collecting cabin door 11 cover can be fixed at the lower edge of the salt-collecting cabin door 11 and can rotate by taking the door-opening hinge 9 as a shaft, and therefore the salt-collecting cabin door 11 cover can be freely opened and closed. The handle 10 is a handle at the center of the outer surface of the salt collecting compartment door 11, and has the same structure and function as the well-known handle, and the salt collecting compartment door 11 can be conveniently opened or closed by the handle.

The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. Saline and alkaline land is restoreed with rice straw high-voltage static and is removed salt still field device with higher speed, by high-voltage static generator (1), stirring propelling movement motor (2), feed bin (3), soak salting cabin (4), degradation fungus liquid cabin (5), collection salt cabin (6), collection salt cabin door (11), stabilizer blade (12), support (16), add water cabin door (21), degradation fungus liquid adds door (23) and constitutes its characterized in that: the high-voltage static generator (1) is a device for generating high-voltage static, the part of the high-voltage static generator (1) for generating high-voltage static is cuboid, the length of the cuboid is 1-1.5 meters, the width of the cuboid is 0.3-0.5 meters, the height of the cuboid is 0.3-0.5 meters, the cuboid is positioned below the degradation bacteria liquid cabin (5) and in front of the soaking salt precipitation cabin (4), and the high-voltage static generator comprises a main power line plug (7), a main power line (8), a control panel (13), a high-voltage static plate bracket (14) and a high-voltage static plate (15); the main power line plug (7) is a double-phase power line plug; the total power line (8) is a double-strand copper core power line, the cross section of the copper core is circular, and the diameter of the circle is 3-5 mm; 4 fast turn-off diodes for controlling the current direction are arranged in the control panel (13), 2 fast turn-off diodes are arranged on each circuit leading to 2 high-voltage electrostatic plates (15), the control panel (13) is cuboid, the length of the cuboid is 5-10 cm, the width of the cuboid is 3-5 cm, the thickness of the cuboid is 1-2 cm, and the bottom surface of the cuboid is installed at the front end of the upper part of the right side surface of the high-voltage electrostatic generator (1) through a bolt structure; the high-voltage electrostatic plate supports (14) are supports for supporting and fixing the high-voltage electrostatic plates (15) at the front end and the rear end of each high-voltage electrostatic plate (15), are positioned on the inner surface of the bottom wall of the salt precipitation soaking cabin (4), the lower ends of the high-voltage electrostatic plate supports are connected and fixed on the inner surface of the bottom wall of the salt precipitation soaking cabin (4) through a bolt structure, 1 high-voltage electrostatic plate support (14) is respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of each high-voltage electrostatic plate (15), the inner part of each high-voltage electrostatic plate support is an aluminum alloy supporting base body, the height of each supporting base body is 10-20 cm, the outer part of each; the cross section of the supporting base body is trapezoidal, the length of the upper bottom of the trapezoid is 5-10 cm, the length of the lower bottom of the trapezoid is 8-15 cm, the height of the lower bottom of the trapezoid is 5-10 cm, a groove with a rectangular cross section is arranged in the vertical direction in the center of the lower bottom of the trapezoid, and an included angle of 5-10 degrees is formed between the groove and the upper and lower middle shafts of the supporting base body; a bolt fixing hole with threads arranged inside is formed in the center of the lower surface of the supporting base body, the diameter of the bolt fixing hole is 1-1.2 cm, and the depth of the bolt fixing hole is 2-5 cm; the lower bottom surfaces of the high-voltage electrostatic plate brackets (14) at the front end and the rear end of the high-voltage electrostatic plate (15) are oppositely arranged; 1 crack is arranged on the bottom wall of the soaking and salting cabin (4) between the two high-voltage electrostatic plate brackets (14) and below the high-voltage electrostatic plate (15), the crack is rectangular, the length of the rectangle is 0.5-0.8 m, and the width of the rectangle is 0.1-0.2 m; the high-voltage electrostatic plate (15) is internally provided with a copper core, the copper core is cuboid, the length of the cuboid is 0.6-1.2 meters, the width of the cuboid is 0.3-0.5 meters, the thickness of the cuboid is 0.5-1 cm, the outer surface of the high-voltage electrostatic plate (15) is a rubber insulating surface layer, and the thickness of the insulating surface layer is 0.5-1 cm; the high-voltage electrostatic plate (15) has the length in the front-back direction in the soaking and salting cabin (4), the width in the up-down direction and the thickness in the left-right direction, and an included angle of 5-10 degrees is formed between the plane in the width direction and the plane in the vertical direction of the soaking and salting cabin (4); the stirring and pushing motor (2) consists of a stirring and pushing motor power line (17), a stirring and pushing motor body (18), a through hole (19), a spiral pushing rotor (20) and a water-permeable salt outlet cylinder (22); one end of a stirring and pushing motor power line (17) is connected with the control panel (13), the other end of the stirring and pushing motor power line is connected with a stirring and pushing motor body (18), the stirring and pushing motor power line (17) is a double-strand copper core power line, the cross section of the copper core is circular, and the diameter of the circle is 2-4 mm; the stirring and pushing motor body (18) is positioned behind the soaking and salting tank (4), is in a cuboid shape, has the length of 0.3-0.5 meter, the width of 1-1.5 meter and the height of 1-1.5 meter, is internally provided with a coil, and can drive the spiral pushing rotor (20) to rotate when being electrified; the spiral pushing rotor (20) is a power component for extruding and pushing the rice straw powder forward, is made of manganese steel, the rear section of the spiral pushing rotor (20) extends into the stirring and pushing machine body (18) and is cylindrical, the diameter of the circular cross section of the cylinder is 3-10 cm, the exposed part of the front section of the spiral pushing rotor (20) extends into the water-permeable salt outlet barrel (22), the central axis of the exposed part is conical, the diameter of the conical base circle is 3-10 cm, the height of the cone is 0.8-1.6 m, a spiral protrusion is arranged on the outer surface of the cone, the height of the protrusion is 3-5 cm, and the pitch of the protrusion is 1-2 cm; the permeable salt outlet cylinder (22) is made of stainless steel and is cylindrical, the diameter of the inner cavity of the cylinder is 8-20 cm, and the wall thickness of the cylinder is 0.3-0.5 cm; the water-permeable salt outlet cylinder (22) is horizontally arranged at the part of the soaking salt precipitation chamber (4), the rear end of the water-permeable salt outlet cylinder is fixed on the inner surface of the corresponding position of the rear wall of the soaking salt precipitation chamber (4), and after the water-permeable salt outlet cylinder is fixed, the spiral pushing rotor (20) is just positioned at the center of the water-permeable salt outlet cylinder (22); the part of the permeable salt outlet cylinder (22) close to the desalted material outlet (24) at the front end of the degradation bacteria liquid cabin (5) is also horizontally arranged, the front section and the rear section of the permeable salt outlet cylinder (22) are communicated with each other to form an S-shaped bend, and the S-shaped bend is fixed on the front wall of the permeable salt outlet cylinder (22) and the rear wall of the degradation bacteria liquid cabin (5); the outer wall of the horizontal part of the water-permeable salt outlet cylinder (22) after the S-shaped bending is provided with a plurality of through holes (19), the through holes (19) are channels for water or salt-containing solution to enter and exit the water-permeable salt outlet cylinder (22), the length of each through hole (19) is 0.3-0.5 cm, the cross section of each through hole (19) is circular, and the diameter of each circular through hole is 0.3-0.5 cm; the outer wall of the horizontal part of the water-permeable salt outlet cylinder (22) before S-shaped bending is provided with a plurality of material inner bacteria-mixing holes (25), the material inner bacteria-mixing holes (25) are channels for bacteria liquid to enter and exit the water-permeable salt outlet cylinder (22), the length of the material inner bacteria-mixing holes (25) is 0.3-0.5 cm, the cross section of the material inner bacteria-mixing holes (25) is circular, and the diameter of the circular cross section is 0.3-0.5 cm; the front end opening of the horizontal part of the permeable salt outlet cylinder (22) before S-shaped bending is a desalting material outlet (24), the desalting material outlet (24) is circular, and the diameter of the circle is 8-20 cm; the upper part of the rear part of the horizontal part of the water-permeable salt outlet cylinder (22) after the S-shaped bending is communicated with a feeding cabin (3).

2. The rice straw high-voltage electrostatic accelerated desalting and returning device for saline-alkali soil remediation as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the feeding cabin (3) is funnel-shaped and is positioned above the rear part of the permeable salt outlet barrel (22), the lower end of the feeding cabin (3) is communicated with the permeable salt outlet barrel (22), and the upper end of the feeding cabin is opened upwards and is a channel for the crushed rice straw powder to enter the permeable salt outlet barrel (22); the opening at the lower end of the feeding cabin (3) is circular, and the diameter of the circle is 6-12 cm; the upper end opening of the feeding cabin (3) is rectangular, the length of the rectangle is 1-1.5 m, and the width of the rectangle is 0.5-1 m.

3. The rice straw high-voltage electrostatic accelerated desalting and returning device for saline-alkali soil remediation as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the device is characterized in that the soaking salting-out cabin (4) is a part of a middle cuboid part of a rice straw high-voltage electrostatic accelerated desalting returning device for saline-alkali soil remediation, the feeding cabin (3) is removed from the middle cuboid part of the device, the length of the middle cuboid part of the device is 1-2 meters, the width of the middle cuboid part is 1-1.5 meters, the height of the middle cuboid part is 1-1.5 meters, the bulkhead of the soaking salting-out cabin (4) is a stainless steel plate lined with a rubber layer, the thickness of the steel plate is 3-5 millimeters, the thickness of the rubber layer is 0.5-1 centimeter, the middle of the rear wall of the soaking salting-out cabin (4) corresponding to the rear end of a water-permeable salt outlet cylinder (22) is fixedly welded with the rear end of the water-permeable salt outlet cylinder (22), the middle of the front wall of the soaking salting-out cabin (4) corresponding to the water-permeable salt outlet cylinder (22) is fixedly welded with the S-shaped bent lower end of the water-permeable salt outlet cylinder (22), and 2 high-voltage electrostatic plates are 15) The lower part of each high-voltage electrostatic plate (15) on the bottom wall of the soaking and salting cabin (4) is provided with 1 crack which is rectangular, the length of the rectangle is 0.5-0.8 meter, the width of the rectangle is 0.1-0.2 meter, and the crack is a passage for salt ions to enter the salt collecting cabin (6) from the soaking and salting cabin (4); 1 water adding cabin door (21) is arranged in the center of the top wall of the soaking salt precipitation cabin (4); the water adding cabin door (21) is a rectangular opening with a cover in the center of the top wall of the soaking and salting cabin (4), the length of the rectangle is 6-12 cm, the width of the rectangle is 5-10 cm, the cover is also rectangular, and the length of the rectangular cover is 7-15 cm, and the width of the rectangular cover is 6-12 cm.

4. The rice straw high-voltage electrostatic accelerated desalting and returning device for saline-alkali soil remediation as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the degrading bacteria liquid cabin (5) is a storage cabin for containing bacteria liquid with high-efficiency degradation capacity on cellulose, the cabin wall of the degrading bacteria liquid cabin (5) is a stainless steel plate, the thickness of the steel plate is 3-5 mm, the bottom wall of the degrading bacteria liquid cabin (5) is positioned below the lower end of the S-shaped bend of the water-permeable salt outlet cylinder (22), the contact part of the degrading bacteria liquid cabin (5) and the S-shaped bend of the water-permeable salt outlet cylinder (22) is further fixed in a welding mode, the bottom wall of the degrading bacteria liquid cabin (5) is rectangular, the length of the rectangle is 1-1.5 m, the width of the rectangle is 0.3-0.5 m, the lower part of the center of the rear wall of the degrading bacteria liquid cabin (5) is penetrated by the water-permeable salt outlet cylinder (22), the outer wall of the water-permeable salt outlet cylinder (22) and the rear wall of the degrading bacteria liquid cabin (5) are welded together in a welding mode at the penetrating part of the water-permeable salt outlet cylinder (22), and two side walls of the degrading bacteria liquid cabin (5) are positioned above, the front wall of the degradation bacterium liquid cabin (5) extends upwards from the top edge of the front wall of the high-voltage electrostatic generator (1) in an inclined mode, the top edge of the front wall of the degradation bacterium liquid cabin (5) is welded with the front edge of the top wall, the left side edge and the right side edge of the front wall of the degradation bacterium liquid cabin (5) are welded with the front edges of the two side walls, a round hole is formed in the upper portion of the center of the front wall of the degradation bacterium liquid cabin (5) and used for enabling a water-permeable salt outlet cylinder (22) to extend out of the degradation bacterium liquid cabin (5), and the front wall of the degradation bacterium liquid cabin (5) is welded with; the bacteria used by the bacterial liquid with high-efficiency degradation capability on cellulose are lactobacillus plantarum, and experiments show that the lactobacillus plantarum can degrade 83.5% of rice straws buried in soil with the depth of 10 cm within 2 months; the top wall of the bacteria degrading liquid cabin (5) is rectangular, the length of the rectangle is 1-1.5 m, the width of the rectangle is 0.5-0.8 m, and a bacteria degrading liquid adding door (23) is arranged in the center of the top wall; the degrading bacteria liquid adding door (23) is a rectangular opening with a cover in the center of the top wall of the degrading bacteria liquid cabin (5), the length of the rectangle is 6-12 cm, the width of the rectangle is 5-10 cm, the cover is also rectangular, and the length of the rectangular cover is 7-15 cm, and the width of the rectangular cover is 6-12 cm.

5. The rice straw high-voltage electrostatic accelerated desalting and returning device for saline-alkali soil remediation as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the support (16) is used for supporting the lower part of the rice straw high-voltage electrostatic accelerated desalting and returning device for saline-alkali soil restoration, and is made of steel bars and steel plates, the four frames below the whole device are steel plates, the cross sections of the steel plates are rectangular, the length of the rectangle is 2-5 cm, the width of the rectangle is 2-3 cm, 2 steel bars are arranged in the transverse direction below the joint of the stirring and pushing motor body (18) and the soaking and salting-out cabin (4), the cross sections of the steel bars are circular, the diameter of the circle is 2-3 cm, 2 steel bars are also arranged in the transverse direction below the joint of the high-voltage electrostatic generator (1) and the soaking and salting-out cabin (4), the cross sections of the steel bars are circular, and the diameter of the circle is 2-3 cm; the support legs (12) are made of steel and are 4 in number, the support legs (12) are used for supporting the rice straw high-voltage static accelerated desalting and returning device for the saline-alkali soil restoration to the ground, each support leg (12) is cuboid, the length of each cuboid is 5-10 cm, the width of each cuboid is 2-5 cm, the height of each cuboid is 20-30 cm, the front 2 support legs (12) are located at two ends of the lower portion of the front wall of the high-voltage static generator (1), and the rear 2 support legs (12) are located at two ends of the lower portion of the rear wall of the soaking salt precipitation cabin (4).

6. The rice straw high-voltage electrostatic accelerated desalting and returning device for saline-alkali soil remediation as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the salt collecting cabin (6) is a space in which positive-charged cations and negative-charged anions meet to be combined into salt, and is positioned below the high-voltage electrostatic generator (1) and the soaking salt precipitation cabin (4), the cabin wall of the salt collecting cabin (6) is a stainless steel plate lined with a rubber layer, the thickness of the steel plate is 3-5 mm, the thickness of the rubber layer is 0.5-1 cm, the rear end of the bottom wall of the salt collecting cabin (6) is connected to the outer side of the rear edge of the bottom wall of the soaking salt precipitation cabin (4), the front end of the bottom wall of the salt collecting cabin (6) is connected to the middle of 2 support legs (12) below the front edge of the bottom wall of the high-voltage electrostatic generator (1), the depth of the salt collecting cabin (6) is gradually increased from back to front, the front wall of the salt collecting cabin (6) is formed, and the center of the front wall; the salt collecting cabin door (11) is a rectangular opening with a cover in the center of the front wall of the salt collecting cabin (6), the length of the rectangle is 20-30 cm, the width of the rectangle is 5-10 cm, the cover is also rectangular, the length of the rectangular cover is 25-35 cm, and the width of the rectangular cover is 6-12 cm; the door-opening hinges (9) are positioned on the lower edge of the cover of the salt collecting cabin door (11) and are 2 in number.