CN109166171A - Motion recovery structure three-dimensional reconstruction method based on global and incremental estimation - Google Patents
Motion recovery structure three-dimensional reconstruction method based on global and incremental estimation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a motion recovery structure three-dimensional reconstruction method based on global and incremental estimation, which is used for solving the technical problem of low local reconstruction precision of the existing motion recovery structure three-dimensional reconstruction method. The technical scheme is that a scene graph structure is used as input, and a robust subgraph is extracted from the scene graph structure to be used as input of global estimation, so that the whole scene structure can be estimated by using a part of high-quality inter-image information, and the estimation robustness is improved. And adding the images which are left and are not added into the scene into the model one by adopting a local incremental estimation method so as to improve the local precision of model reconstruction. The invention combines the incremental estimation method and the global estimation method, and integrates the advantages of the incremental estimation method and the global estimation method to achieve the reconstruction effect with robustness and high precision. Compared with the background method, the method has the lowest average reconstruction error in the aspect of reconstruction accuracy, and the average error of the camera position is only 0.3m for a data set with 553 images.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of exercise recovery structure three-dimensional method for reconstructing, more particularly to one kind based on global formula and increment
The exercise recovery structure three-dimensional method for reconstructing of formula estimation.
Background technique
Important topic of the three-dimensional rebuilding method of exercise recovery structure as computer vision field, in City Modeling, doctor
Learning in the technologies such as application, virtual reality has important meaning.
Document " Arie-Nachimson M, Kovalsky S Z, Kemelmacher-Shlizerman I, et
al.Global motion estimation from point matches[C]//2012 Second International
Conference on 3D Imaging,Modeling,Processing,Visualization&Transmission.IEEE,
2012:81-88. ", which is disclosed, a kind of estimates three-dimensional structure and camera position using global formula exercise recovery structural approach.It is counted
Nomogram picture two-by-two between relative rotation and translation information, first all relative rotation Advance data qualities are solved to obtain the complete of image camera
Office be directed toward, and then based on estimate the overall situation be directed toward, in conjunction with across image matching double points and relative translation information solve camera it is complete
Office position obtains three-dimensional point cloud model to restore to camera position.Literature method utilizes relative rotation between image, flat
It moves information and carries out pose estimation, robustness is not high, can not be preferably to mistake when the rotation two-by-two of input, translation information are wrong
False information is rejected, and generates relatively large deviation so as to cause the camera pose of estimation.In addition, the estimation method of global formula can be by phase
The position and attitude error of machine is averaged in entire scene, to be unable to get higher partial reconstruction precision.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the shortcomings of that existing exercise recovery structure three-dimensional method for reconstructing partial reconstruction precision is low, the present invention provides one
The exercise recovery structure three-dimensional method for reconstructing that kind is estimated based on global formula and increment type.This method is input with scene graph structure,
In the input that the subgraph for wherein extracting robust is estimated as global formula, so as to use a part of quality high image between information
Scene overall structure is estimated, the robustness of estimation is improved.For image remaining, that scene is not added, using part
Model is added in the method for increment type estimation one by one, to improve the local accuracy of Model Reconstruction.The present invention is by increment type and global formula
Estimation method combine, it is both comprehensive the advantages of, to reach robust, high-precision reconstruction effect.The present invention is in reconstruction precision
Aspect compares background technique method with minimum average reconstruction error, for the data set with 553 images, camera position
Mean error be only 0.3m.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of fortune estimated based on global formula and increment type
It is dynamic to restore structure three-dimensional method for reconstructing, its main feature is that the following steps are included:
Step 1: robust maximum leaf node spanning tree is extracted.
For the multiple image of input, the characteristic matching between image two-by-two is carried out first, and calculate between two images
Relative rotation and relative translation, and then original scene figure G=(V, E) is constructed by motion information, wherein V is node, represents field
The camera set of image is shot in scape;E is side, represents the motion information of the camera of shooting different images between any two.Original
The maximum leaf node spanning tree that robust is extracted in scene figure G is continuously added new since one has the node of maximum degree
Point and side.During constructing spanning tree, the side of mistake is rejected using the method for winding consistency detection, winding detection is public
Formula are as follows:
dtri(Rmn⊙Rno⊙Rom, I) and < ε (1)
Wherein, dtri(a, b) is the angle metric function for measuring difference between two direction matrixes a, b, Rmn,Rno,RomFor
Relative rotation information between camera two-by-two in triple (m, n, o), is 3 × 3 orthogonal matrix, ⊙ be the overlap-add operation rotated, I
Unit matrix, representative do not rotate, and ε is threshold value.Connected region inspection is carried out after rejecting side, and selects maximum connected graph
Structure continues operation.After point all in original scene figure G is all traversed, spanning tree construction stops, and obtains robust
Maximum leaf node spanning tree TR。
Step 2: robust subgraph extracts.
In maximum leaf node spanning tree TRMiddle to extract adjacent side, finding from original scene figure G can be with adjacent edge structure
At the candidate side of triple, winding consistency detection is carried out to triple.If, will be candidate in original scene figure G by detection
Maximum leaf node spanning tree T is added in sideRIn.After all adjacent edges traversal, it is considered as wheel operation, this operation repeats 3
Wheel.After side is expanded, the robustness map G after being expandedT。
To the robustness map G after expansionTCarry out further extended operation.Using the method for community detection in original scene figure G
It is middle to find different community SC, for the robustness map G after expansionTIn be distributed in point pair in the different community of original scene figure G, inspection
It looks into it between any two and whether there is the robustness map G not being added after expandingT, side in original scene figure G, and if it exists, to it
Winding detection is carried out, the robustness map G after expanding then is added in the side detected by windingTIn.Robustness map G after detection expansionTIn
Different community RC, for the robustness map G after expansionTIn be distributed in expand after robustness map GTPoint pair in different community, finds it
The robustness map G for existing in original scene figure G, not being added after expandingTSide, after being detected by winding, by side be added expand after
Robustness map GT.After algorithm surveys all frontier inspections, robust subgraph RG is obtained.
Step 3: global formula pose and model estimation based on robust subgraph.
It is input with the robust subgraph RG of construction, the scene characterized to robust subgraph RG carries out global formula and rebuilds, if appointing
Two images of anticipating represent camera i, j, it includes motion information be relative rotation RijWith relative translation tij, two cameras are complete
R is oriented in office's posei,Rj, position ci,cj, then the relationship between its global pose and relative motion are as follows:
Wherein,Represent one scale parameter of difference.Global be directed toward of each camera in robust subgraph RG is estimated,
IfSquare angle metric function of difference between two matrix u, w of measurement, most using the gradient descent method derivation of equation
Excellent parameter Rglobal
Wherein,It is directed toward for the overall situation of cameras all in RG, NRGFor in robust subgraph RG
The number of camera, ERGFor the side collection in robust subgraph RG.It is solved by gradient decline, and then based on this, by excellent
Change following formula and obtains global position information
Wherein, AcFor sparse matrix, xcAnd BcThe global position c of respectively each cameraiT is translated between each two cameraij
Vector after connection.The global position of camera is obtained by gradient descent algorithmBinding site cloud trigonometric ratio
To obtain the position of camera and corresponding three-dimensional point cloud model D in robust subgraph RG.
Step 4: local regularity formula pose and model estimation.
For not rebuilding successfully remaining camera V in global formula method in scene camera set Vremain, using the increasing of part
Amount formula estimation method rebuilds it.Camera, point cloud result and the V that global formula is rebuildremainIn camera according to
The different community detected in original scene figure G are divided, for the remaining camera in a community, using in same community
The cloud of reconstruction point its camera position is estimated, model is expanded.Using local flux of light method during expansion
Adjustment optimizes model, after the estimation of all cameras, optimizes camera and model using global bundle adjustment, obtains
Final reconstructed results.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: this method is input with scene graph structure, in the subgraph conduct for wherein extracting robust
The input of global formula estimation, so as to use a part of quality high image between information scene overall structure is estimated,
Improve the robustness of estimation.For image remaining, that scene is not added, it is added one by one using the method that local regularity formula is estimated
Model, to improve the local accuracy of Model Reconstruction.The present invention combines the estimation method of increment type and global formula, both comprehensive
The advantages of, to reach robust, high-precision reconstruction effect.The present invention compares background technique method in terms of reconstruction precision to be had most
Low average reconstruction error, for the data set with 553 images, the mean error of camera position is only 0.3m.
It elaborates With reference to embodiment to the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Specific step is as follows for the exercise recovery structure three-dimensional method for reconstructing estimated the present invention is based on global formula and increment type:
Step 1: robust maximum leaf node spanning tree is extracted.
For the multiple image of input, characteristic matching between any two is carried out first, and is calculated between any two camera
Relative rotation and relative translation constitute the motion information of two views.And then by motion information construction original scene figure G=(V,
E), wherein V be node collection, represent in scene shooting different images camera set, it includes interstitial content range be [300,
3000];E is side collection, represents the motion information of different cameral between any two.
Robust maximum leaf node spanning tree is extracted in original scene figure G.Firstly, finding from G has maximum connection
Several points is all added in tree construction as candidate point, by the side of the point connecting with candidate point and connection, and then in tree construction not
It repeats the above steps as the maximum point of connection number is found as new candidate point in the node for crossing candidate point.In construction tree knot
During structure, whenever the interstitial content being newly added reaches certain threshold value nLC, wherein nLC=0.05* | V |, | V | it is node collection
The number for the camera that all nodes indicate in V then ensures to be added by the way of winding consistency detection the robust of the information on side
Property.It is all from two endpoint set off in search G to construct triple (i.e. three with this side for the side (m, n) of each addition
Angular graph structure) adjacent edge pair, and be combined into triple, for each triple, the winding based on rotation carried out to it
Detection, i.e., for triple (m, n, o), if dtri(a, b) is the angle measurement letter for measuring difference between two direction matrixes a, b
Number, only when it meets condition
dtri(Rmn⊙Rno⊙Rom, I) and < ε (1)
When, it is believed that it has passed through winding consistency detection.Wherein, Rmn,Rno,RomFor the rotation information between two views, it is
3 × 3 orthogonal matrix, ⊙ are the overlap-add operation of rotation, and I unit matrix, ε is threshold value, and being worth is 3.When side (m, n) is corresponding all
When triple does not comply with formula (1) described condition, side (m, n) will be removed from tree construction.After carrying out side removal operation every time, need
The connectivity of tree construction is checked, and choose remove side after based on largest connected region in structure, carry out into one
The tree construction of step constructs.After all nodes, which are all traversed, to be finished and new node can not be added in tree, obtain construction and finish
Robust maximum leaf node spanning tree TR。
Step 2: robust subgraph extracts.
Obtain TRAfterwards, it needs further to expand it and forms robust subgraph.Firstly, in existing TRAll phases of middle traversal
Adjacent side finds the side e that triple can be constituted with it for each pair of adjacent edge in Gtri, and construct triple.For each three
Tuple carries out the winding consistency detection as described in formula (1), since 1 triple can only be constructed between adjacent edge, consequently only that
It, just can be by side e when this triple passes through detectiontriT is addedR.After all adjacent edges are to all traversing, detecting, then it is assumed that into
Gone one wheel extended operation.Since the side being newly added after extended operation can construct new triple, thus need repeatedly to be expanded
Operation is filled to obtain more preferably part connection.Extended operation carries out 3 times, the graph structure G of robust after being expandedT。
G after the acquisitionT, further graph structure is expanded, carries out G first with the algorithm that network community detects
It divides, the community after being dividedWherein p is community index, nSCFor the community number divided automatically.Into
And find the side collection in GIt is set to meet conditionNext to VIIn
Side carry out winding consistency detection, the method for detection is identical as method described in Section 1.When at least one triple passes through
When winding detects, this side is added into figure GTIn.Work as VIIn after all side is traversed, detects, further to GTCarry out community
It divides, the community after being dividedWherein q is community index, nRCFor the community number divided automatically.In turn
Side collection is found in GIt can meetAccording to same sample prescription
Formula is to VRIn side carry out winding consistency detection, by the side detected by winding be added GT, after all side traversals,
Obtain robust subgraph RG.
Step 3: global formula pose and model estimation based on robust subgraph.
After obtaining robust subgraph RG, with it includes camera and camera between motion information be input, using complete
The exercise recovery structural approach of office's formula carries out the estimation of camera pose and three-dimensional point cloud.The camera represented for any two image
I, j, it includes motion information be relative rotation RijWith relative translation tijIf two cameras are oriented to R in global posei,Rj,
Position is ci,cj, then the relationship between its global pose and relative motion be
Wherein,Represent one scale parameter of difference.Global formula method solves global position using global be directed toward first is solved again
The method set obtains camera pose.The overall situation is directed toward and is solved, ifTo measure difference between two matrix u, w
Square angle metric function, using the optimized parameter R of the gradient descent method derivation of equationglobal
Wherein,It is directed toward for the overall situation of cameras all in RG, NRGFor the number of camera in RG
Mesh, ERGFor the side collection in RG.After getting global be directed toward, global position information is obtained by optimizing following formula
Wherein, AcFor sparse matrix, for each of which continuous three row, in addition to comprising RjWith-RjIt is all 0 except matrix.
xcAnd BcThe global position c of respectively each cameraiT is translated between each two cameraijVector after connection.Declined by gradient
Algorithm obtains the global position of camera
Global when cameras all in RG is directed toward and after position determines, using the method for trigonometric ratio by the characteristic point in image
Three-dimensional space is projected to, the three-dimensional point cloud D estimated.
Step 4: local regularity formula pose and model estimation.
For not rebuilding successfully remaining camera V in global formula method in scene camera Vremain, using the increment type of part
Method rebuilds it.According to the community divided to original scene figure GBy VremainWith D according to its phase
Machine is respectively divided into different parts with community belonging to point cloudAnd Dp, p=1,2 ..., nSC.ForIn it is every
One camera, using the point cloud D in same communitypPose estimation is carried out to it, pose estimation is using 3 projection algorithms of perspective
(Perspective-3-Point, P3P).It, need to be when image newly is added in community during the estimation of local regularity formula
Local bundle adjustment is carried out in community, to improve the accuracy of model estimation.After all cameras are rebuild in community,
It attempts to rebuild the camera that part can not be rebuild using cloud D.And use global bundle adjustment to mould after reconstruction
Type is adjusted, and improves the accuracy of assessment.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of exercise recovery structure three-dimensional method for reconstructing estimated based on global formula and increment type, it is characterised in that including following
Step:
Step 1: robust maximum leaf node spanning tree is extracted;
For the multiple image of input, the characteristic matching between image two-by-two is carried out first, and is calculated opposite between two images
Rotation and relative translation, and then original scene figure G=(V, E) is constructed by motion information, wherein V is node, is represented in scene
Shoot the camera set of image;E is side, represents the motion information of the camera of shooting different images between any two;In original scene
The maximum leaf node spanning tree for scheming to extract robust in G is continuously added new point since one has the node of maximum degree
The side and;During constructing spanning tree, the side of mistake, winding detection formula are rejected using the method for winding consistency detection
Are as follows:
dtri(Rmn⊙Rno⊙Rom, I) and < ε (1)
Wherein, dtri(a, b) is the angle metric function for measuring difference between two direction matrixes a, b, Rmn,Rno,RomFor ternary
Relative rotation information between camera two-by-two in group (m, n, o), is 3 × 3 orthogonal matrix, ⊙ be the overlap-add operation rotated, I unit
Matrix, representative do not rotate, and ε is threshold value;Connected region inspection is carried out after rejecting side, and selects maximum connection graph structure
It continues operation;After point all in original scene figure G is all traversed, spanning tree construction stops, and obtains the maximum of robust
Leaf node spanning tree TR;
Step 2: robust subgraph extracts;
In maximum leaf node spanning tree TRMiddle to extract adjacent side, ternary can be constituted with adjacent edge by finding from original scene figure G
The candidate side of group carries out winding consistency detection to triple;If side candidate in original scene figure G is added by detection
Maximum leaf node spanning tree TRIn;After all adjacent edges traversal, it is considered as wheel operation, this operation repeats 3 wheels;Side is expanded
Robustness map G after filling, after being expandedT;
To the robustness map G after expansionTCarry out further extended operation;It is found in original scene figure G using the method that community detects
Different community SC, for the robustness map G after expansionTIn be distributed in point pair in the different community of original scene figure G, check its two
With the presence or absence of the robustness map G not being added after expanding between twoT, side in original scene figure G, and if it exists, it is returned
The robustness map G after expanding then is added in ring detection, the side detected by windingTIn;Robustness map G after detection expansionTIn different societies
Group RC, for the robustness map G after expansionTIn be distributed in expand after robustness map GTPoint pair in different community, finds it original
The robustness map G for existing in scene figure G, not being added after expandingTSide, after being detected by winding, by side be added expand after robust
Scheme GT;After algorithm surveys all frontier inspections, robust subgraph RG is obtained;
Step 3: global formula pose and model estimation based on robust subgraph;
It is input with the robust subgraph RG of construction, the scene characterized to robust subgraph RG carries out global formula and rebuilds, if any two
Camera i, the j that a image represents, it includes motion information be relative rotation RijWith relative translation tij, two cameras are in global position
R is oriented in appearancei,Rj, position ci,cj, then the relationship between its global pose and relative motion are as follows:
Wherein,Represent one scale parameter of difference;Global be directed toward of each camera in robust subgraph RG is estimated, ifSquare angle metric function of difference between two matrix u, w of measurement, using the optimal of the gradient descent method derivation of equation
Parameter Rglobal
Wherein,It is directed toward for the overall situation of cameras all in RG, NRGFor camera in robust subgraph RG
Number, ERGFor the side collection in robust subgraph RG;It is solved by gradient decline, and then based on this, by under optimization
It states formula and obtains global position information
Wherein, AcFor sparse matrix, xcAnd BcThe global position c of respectively each cameraiT is translated between each two cameraijConnection
Vector afterwards;The global position of camera is obtained by gradient descent algorithmBinding site cloud trigonometric ratio to
Obtain the position of camera and corresponding three-dimensional point cloud model D in robust subgraph RG;
Step 4: local regularity formula pose and model estimation;
For not rebuilding successfully remaining camera V in global formula method in scene camera set Vremain, using the increment type of part
Estimation method rebuilds it;Camera, point cloud result and the V that global formula is rebuildremainIn camera according to original
The different community detected in scene figure G are divided, for the remaining camera in a community, using in same community
Reconstruction point cloud estimates its camera position, expands model;Using local bundle adjustment during expansion
Model is optimized, after the estimation of all cameras, camera and model are optimized using global bundle adjustment, obtained final
Reconstructed results.
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