CN109143593A - A kind of vortex light preparing device based on Fourier holography principle - Google Patents
A kind of vortex light preparing device based on Fourier holography principle Download PDFInfo
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- CN109143593A CN109143593A CN201810940427.8A CN201810940427A CN109143593A CN 109143593 A CN109143593 A CN 109143593A CN 201810940427 A CN201810940427 A CN 201810940427A CN 109143593 A CN109143593 A CN 109143593A
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- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of vortex light preparing device based on Fourier holography principle, including several fan-shaped waveguides, the fan-shaped waveguide is arranged in circle ring array around a center diverging, the waveguide is carved with holographic grating on the end surface at circle ring array center, the striated structure of the holographic grating is formed by reference light and the target interference of light, holographic grating has scattering process to along the light field of waveguide transmission, the free space that is superimposed upon of the scattering light of different waveguide reappears vortex light, adjust the phase difference between each guided wave, it can change the orbital angular momentum order for reappearing vortex light or it be superimposed weight, and it is easily integrated and extends, therefore it can be used for information coding in integrated optics, adjustable light sources etc. are provided.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to integrated optics fields, and in particular to a kind of vortex light preparing device based on Fourier holography principle.
Background technique
Photon trajectory angular momentum is a kind of intrinsic attribute of photon, due to photon trajectory Angular Momentum Eigenstates be it is orthogonal,
And theoretically there is infinite dimension, therefore can be used for the information coding of higher dimensional space.It is general to use in quantum information coding
The polarization state of photon, frequency, energy carry out information coding.In these coding modes, quantum state is all finite dimension, and photon
Angular momentum can provide infinite dimensional quantum state and carry out information coding, can effectively provide the efficiency and capacity of coding.In addition, light
Sub-track angular momentum can be also used for optical tweezer, manipulate to the position of molecule, such as biological cell, metal micro particles
Deng.Due to the special nature of photon trajectory angular momentum, it has huge potential application in information processing and micronano optical.Closely
Several years, people had conducted extensive research it, realized the efficient preparation of orbital angular momentum light field, orbital angular momentum tangles information
Storage, the transmitting of orbital angular momentum information, orbital angular momentum detection etc..These research achievements are preferably applied for orbital angular momentum
It is of great significance in information processing.
The method of existing preparation and detection track Angular Momentum Vortex light has phase plate method, hologram sheet method, spatial light adjustment
Device method etc..These methods can effectively prepare orbital angular momentum vortex light and detect to it, and can achieve very high
Efficiency.But these preparation methods are confined to apply in Free Space Optics, are hard to integrate in micronano optical.With micro-nano
There is waveguide optical grating, waveguide array etc. in optical development, realizes the preparation and spy of the orbital angular momentum vortex light that can be integrated
It surveys.
Waveguide holographic raster is that holographic grating is carved on Medium Wave Guide, and the striated structure of holographic grating is by along waveguide transmission
Reference light and perpendicular to waveguide the target interference of light formed striped determined that reference light is usually leading for Gaussian shaped profile
Wave, target light are to need vortex light to be prepared.When the conjugate beam of reference light is along waveguide transmission, by grating at holographic grating
Scattering forms the vortex light with target light similarity.The feasibility that this method prepares vortex light, which has obtained experiment, to be confirmed.
It since the size of waveguide holographic raster is in micron dimension, is easily integrated, vortex light source can be used as in micronano optical device.But
It is that the orbital angular momentum of the vortex light generated is limited to the structure of waveguide holographic raster, after waveguide holographic raster structure determination, institute
The orbital angular momentum of the vortex light of generation is also defined, and is difficult to adjust it in real time.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is to solve the orbital angular momentum that waveguide holographic raster generates vortex light in existing integrated optics to be limited to entirely
The structure of grating is ceased, and is difficult the problems such as being adjusted in real time, proposes a kind of vortex light preparation based on Fourier holography principle
Device.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that: a kind of whirlpool based on Fourier holography principle
Optically-active preparing device, including several fan-shaped waveguides, the fan-shaped waveguide are arranged in circle ring array, the waveguide around a center diverging
It is carved with holographic grating on the end surface at circle ring array center, the striated structure of the holographic grating is by reference light and target light
Interference is formed, and the reference light is the Gaussian guided wave transmitted along fan-shaped waveguide, the target light perpendicular to waveguide transmission simultaneously
And the target light concentric from circle ring array is that have the superposition of the vortex light of different orbital angular momentum orders and phase, the phase and
Orbital angular momentum order has Fourier space form, and the reference light of different fan-shaped waveguide holographic gratings has same phase, no
There is the phase of change of gradient with the guided wave in fan-shaped waveguide, guided wave is collectively formed under the scattering process of holographic grating reappears whirlpool
Optically-active, according to Fourier transform principle, by changing the phase difference of the waveguide in adjacent fan-shaped waveguide, can get has different rails
The vortex light of road angular momentum.
Further, fan-shaped waveguide quantity of the invention is positive odd number.
Further, the target light of j-th of waveguide optical grating of the invention is formed by M vortex optical superposition, M vortex light
Orbital angular momentum order be respectively-N ,-(N+1) ..., (N-1), N, the target light expression formula of j-th of waveguide holographic raster
Are as follows:
Wherein, (r,) it is cylindrical coordinates, A is amplitude, and F (l, r) is the optical field distribution of vortex light radially, and l is track angular motion
The order of amount, N=(M-1)/2, j=0,1 ... M, Δ=2 π/M.
Further, fan-shaped waveguide of the invention is the Medium Wave Guide being placed in silica substrate.
Further, the expression formula of guided wave of the invention are as follows:
Aj=Ae-ijθ
Wherein, θ is the phase difference of the guided wave in adjacent fan-shaped waveguide, and θ=n Δ, wherein Δ=2 π/M, n are positive integer, Aj
For j-th of guided wave.
The utility model has the advantages that compared with prior art, the present invention having the advantage that
(1) phase that the present invention passes through guided wave in each fan-shaped waveguide of adjusting, thus it is possible to vary the orbital angular momentum of vortex light
Order, have real-time adjustability.
(2) fan-shaped waveguide holographic grating size of the invention, can be compatible with integrated optical device in micron dimension, can collect
It becomes second nature, is conducive to extension.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is Fourier holography optical grating construction schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is Fourier holography grating preparation flow figure of the invention；
Fig. 3 is Fourier holography grating operation schematic illustration of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the intensity and phase distribution figure of the reproduction vortex light of Fourier holography grating of the invention；
Fig. 5 is the reproduction light result that Fourier holography grating of the invention prepares superposition state.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in Figure 1, the present embodiment by fan-shaped waveguide holographic grating form a circular ring type array, 9 fan-shaped waveguides around
One center divergence form arrangement, forms an annulus, and waveguide is carved with holographic grating on the one end in circle ring center region, this is complete
The striated structure of breath grating is formed by reference light and the target interference of light, and reference light is to lead along the Gaussian that fan-shaped waveguide transmits
Wave, the reference light phase having the same of different fan-shaped waveguide holographic gratings, target light are the whirlpool with different orbital angular momentums
The superposition of optically-active, phase and orbital angular momentum order have the form of Fourier space.Target light is passed perpendicular to fan-shaped waveguide
Defeated and concentric with annulus, when reproduction target light, the guided wave in different fan-shaped waveguides has the phase of change of gradient, root
According to Fourier transform principle, the vortex light with certain tracks angular momentum can be obtained.
Fig. 2 is fan-shaped waveguide holographic grating preparation flow figure, grows the medium of one layer of 1um thickness on silicon oxide substrates,
The present embodiment uses Si3N4, then carves 9 fan-shaped waveguides, respectively marked as 1,2 ..., 9, and to the holography on fan-shaped waveguide 1
When grating performs etching, other 8 fan-shaped waveguides are covered with anti-dazzling screen, the guided wave in fan-shaped waveguide 1 enters with perpendicular to waveguide
The target light penetrated carries out the striped light field that interference forms strong and weak interval variation, and holographic grating is carved in waveguide according to interference fringe.
When carving the holographic grating on other fan-shaped waveguides, same principle is carried out.The exciting light of the guided wave of the present embodiment and target light
Wavelength is all 670nm, and the waist radius of target light is 1um.Target light is that have the whirlpool of different angle angular momentum order and phase
The superposition of optically-active, for carving the holographic grating on j-th of fan-shaped waveguide, the expression formula of used target light is as follows:
Fig. 3 is Fourier holography grating operation schematic illustration, the guided wave out of left side excitation waveguide, the guided wave and preparation
Reference light used conjugate beam each other when holographic grating, the guided wave phase in each waveguide are controlled by electric light phase controller,
So that the guided wave in adjacent waveguide has specific phase difference θ, each guided wave is collectively formed under the scattering process of holographic grating
Vortex light is reappeared, by changing phase difference θ, the orbital angular momentum for reappearing vortex light can be changed.
Fig. 4 is the target light of Fourier holography grating and the field strength and phase distribution figure for reappearing light.Control the phase of guided wave
When poor θ is 4 π/9, the vortex light of orbital angular momentum order l=-2 can be obtained.Fig. 4 (a) is the strong of the reproduction vortex light of l=-2
Spend distribution map (above) and phase distribution figure (following figure).In phase diagram, around center, one week helical phase with -4 π changes, in
Heart point is a phase singularity, therefore is zero in the spot center light intensity of intensity distribution.Control guided wave phase difference θ be respectively
When 6 π/9,8 π/9,10 π/9 and 12 π/9, can obtain orbital angular momentum order is respectively l=-1,0,1 and 2 reproduction be vortexed
Light, as a result respectively as shown in Fig. 4 (b), (c), (d) and (e).Wherein, the reproduction vortex light of l=0 is exactly Gauss light.
When reappearing vortex light, when the phase jn Δ of guided wave increases an additive phaseWhen, i.e. j-th of guided wave expression
Formula is
It can be the reproduction vortex light of specific difference orbital angular momentum order l superposition.Formula (2) can become by transformation
WithRespectively 8 π/9 and when 10 π/9, can obtain the superposition state of l=0 and l=1, such as Fig. 5 (a) and (b) point
It is not target light and the analog result for reappearing vortex light.WhenWithRespectively 10 π/9 and when 12 π/9, can obtain l=1 and l
Shown in analog result such as Fig. 5 (c) and (d) of=2 superposition state, corresponding target light and reproduction vortex light.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of vortex light preparing device based on Fourier holography principle, it is characterised in that: including several fan-shaped waveguides, the fan
Shape waveguide is arranged in circle ring array around a center diverging, and the waveguide is carved with entirely on the end surface at circle ring array center
Grating is ceased, the striated structure of the holographic grating is formed by reference light and the target interference of light, and the reference light is along fan-shaped waveguide
The Gaussian guided wave of transmission, the target light is perpendicular to waveguide transmission and concentric with circle ring array, and the target light is tool
There is the superposition of the vortex light of different orbital angular momentum orders and phase, the phase and orbital angular momentum order have Fourier space
Form, the reference light of different fan-shaped waveguide holographic gratings have same phase, and the guided wave in different fan-shaped waveguides becomes with gradient
The phase of change is collectively formed reproduction vortex light according to Fourier transform principle under the scattering process of holographic grating and passes through change
The phase difference of waveguide in adjacent fan-shaped waveguide, the adjustable orbital angular momentum for reappearing vortex light.
2. a kind of vortex light preparing device based on Fourier holography principle according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: fan-shaped
Number of waveguides is positive odd number.
3. a kind of vortex light preparing device based on Fourier holography principle according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: jth
The target light of a waveguide optical grating is formed by M vortex optical superposition, and the orbital angular momentum order of M vortex light is respectively-N ,-(N
+ 1) ..., (N-1), N, the target light expression formula of j-th of waveguide holographic raster are as follows:
Wherein,For cylindrical coordinates, A is amplitude, and F (l, r) is the optical field distribution of vortex light radially, and l is orbital angular momentum
Order, N=(M-1)/2, j=0,1 ... M, Δ=2 π/M.
4. a kind of vortex light preparing device based on Fourier holography principle according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
Fan-shaped waveguide is the Medium Wave Guide being placed in silica substrate.
5. a kind of vortex light preparing device based on Fourier holography principle according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: described
The expression formula of guided wave are as follows:
Aj=Ae-ijθ
Wherein, θ is the phase difference of the guided wave in adjacent fan-shaped waveguide, and θ=n Δ, wherein Δ=2 π/M, n are positive integer, AjFor jth
A guided wave.
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