CN109143125B - Device for detecting high-temperature superconducting permanent magnet weak interaction force on decimeter-level distance - Google Patents
Device for detecting high-temperature superconducting permanent magnet weak interaction force on decimeter-level distance Download PDFInfo
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- CN109143125B CN109143125B CN201810894319.1A CN201810894319A CN109143125B CN 109143125 B CN109143125 B CN 109143125B CN 201810894319 A CN201810894319 A CN 201810894319A CN 109143125 B CN109143125 B CN 109143125B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device for detecting a high-temperature superconducting permanent magnet weak interaction force on a decimeter-level distance, which comprises a permanent magnet group and a superconducting motion assembly, wherein the permanent magnet group and the superconducting motion assembly are matched with each other, and the motion directions of the permanent magnet group and the superconducting motion assembly are mutually vertical or parallel; the permanent magnet group comprises two magnet gathering bodies with opposite magnetization directions and a central magnet arranged between the magnet gathering bodies, wherein the magnetization direction of the central magnet is vertical to the magnetization direction of the magnet gathering bodies, and a fixing pin is arranged on the central magnet; the permanent magnet group is arranged on one side far away from the superconducting motion assembly and is provided with a micro-pressure sensor connected with the permanent magnet group; the superconducting motion assembly comprises a Dewar, a displacement sensor for detecting the position information of the Dewar and a motor for driving the Dewar to move; a high-temperature superconductor is arranged in the Dewar; the motor, the micro-pressure sensor and the displacement sensor are all connected with the control terminal. The device can detect the weak interaction force of the high-temperature superconducting permanent magnet at a decimeter-level distance, and has extremely high precision and accuracy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of magnetic flux pinning force detection, and particularly relates to a device for detecting a high-temperature superconducting permanent magnet weak interaction force on a decimeter-level distance.
Background
Due to the flux pinning effect between the high temperature superconductor and the permanent magnet, a flux pinning force is generated therebetween. The force has the property of restoring force, and can realize self-stabilizing interaction between the high-temperature superconductor and the magnet, namely when the high-temperature superconductor and the permanent magnet are cooled in a field at a certain distance and are converted into a superconducting state, the interaction force between the high-temperature superconductor and the permanent magnet is zero, and the initial state is realized; when the distance between the two is increased from the initial state, the interaction force between the two is expressed as attractive force; conversely, when the distance between the two decreases from the initial state, a repulsive force is exhibited therebetween. This feature makes it possible to maintain the two in a dynamically stable position in space with respect to each other.
Since the static magnetic field generated by the magnet decays rapidly with increasing spatial distance, traditional application studies on the self-stabilizing properties of the flux pinning effect of high temperature superconductors have focused on close range interaction in order to obtain strong interaction forces. Typical applications include high temperature superconducting permanent magnet levitation trains with a high temperature super permanent magnet spacing of about 10mm, and other close range interactive applications such as high temperature superconducting magnetic bearings, high temperature superconducting motors, and the like. In order to evaluate the interaction characteristics of the high-temperature superconducting permanent magnet under the action of a short distance, a Dewar filled with the high-temperature superconductor is generally connected with a press machine through a force sensor, and the Dewar is placed on the permanent magnet. The relationship between vertical interaction force between the high-temperature superconductor and the permanent magnet, horizontal self-stabilizing force and mutual space position change and the characteristic that the suspension force changes along with the cycle number are measured by the up-and-down circular movement of the press or the horizontal reciprocating movement at a certain distance, so that a basis is provided for practical application. Because the short-distance interaction force is strong, the magnitude of the short-distance interaction force is far more than the self weight of the Dewar generally, and therefore, the influence of neglecting the self weight of the Dewar and the small volatilization of the liquid nitrogen in the test process on the measurement precision can not generate large errors on the test result.
Besides the application of near-distance interaction, the high-temperature superconducting magnetic flux pinning self-stability characteristic is very suitable for the application of on-orbit assembly, group attitude maintenance and the like of a spacecraft. Under the space environment, the influence of gravity does not need to be overcome, and the application requirement of the high-temperature superconducting permanent magnet in the aspect of space control can be met by a small interaction force between the high-temperature superconducting permanent magnets in the decimeter action distance. However, to realize the specific application in the space field, the interaction characteristics of the high-temperature superconductor and the magnet at the distance of the decimeter level must be measured, so as to provide feasible basis for the space manipulation application. In the decimeter-level interaction distance, because the magnetostatic field of the magnet is rapidly attenuated, the interaction force of the high-temperature superconducting permanent magnet is very weak, and a micro-pressure sensor with small range and high precision is required to be adopted to ensure higher measurement precision. At the moment, if a traditional measuring method is adopted, on one hand, the self weight of the Dewar exceeds the measuring range of the micro-pressure sensor, so that the sensor is easy to damage; on the other hand, the self weight of the Dewar far exceeds the interaction force of the high-temperature superconducting permanent magnet on the decimeter distance, and the volatilization of the Dewar liquid nitrogen causes the measurement background noise and relative error to be larger, so a new test method needs to be designed to accurately measure the weak interaction characteristic of the high-temperature superconducting permanent magnet on the decimeter distance, and a basis is provided for the practical space application of the Dewar.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a device for detecting the weak interaction force of the high-temperature superconducting permanent magnet on a decimeter-level distance, which can effectively solve the problems of insufficient precision and accuracy in the existing detection process.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a device for detecting a high-temperature superconducting permanent magnet weak interaction force on a decimeter-level distance comprises a permanent magnet group and a superconducting motion component which are mutually matched and have mutually vertical or parallel motion directions;
the permanent magnet group comprises two magnet gathering bodies with opposite magnetization directions and a central magnet arranged between the magnet gathering bodies, wherein the magnetization direction of the central magnet is vertical to the magnetization direction of the magnet gathering bodies, and a fixing pin is arranged on the central magnet; the permanent magnet group is arranged on one side far away from the superconducting motion assembly and is provided with a micro-pressure sensor connected with the permanent magnet group;
the superconducting motion assembly comprises a Dewar, a displacement sensor for detecting the position information of the Dewar and a motor for driving the Dewar to move; a high-temperature superconductor is arranged in the Dewar;
the motor, the micro-pressure sensor and the displacement sensor are all connected with the control terminal.
Further, the device also comprises a base; the base is provided with a transverse sliding chute and a longitudinal sliding chute which are vertical to each other; the permanent magnet group is movably arranged on the transverse sliding groove, the superconducting motion assembly is movably arranged on the longitudinal sliding groove, and a longitudinal sliding groove scale is arranged at the longitudinal sliding groove.
Furthermore, a magnet suspension base is movably arranged on the transverse sliding chute, and an upright post is fixedly arranged on the magnet suspension base; the top end of the upright post is provided with a cantilever, and the cantilever is provided with a cantilever chute which penetrates through the cantilever.
Furthermore, a sensor seat positioned below the cantilever is arranged on one side of the stand column facing the superconducting motion assembly; a micro-pressure sensor is arranged on the sensor seat; the micro pressure sensor is connected with the fixing pin through a sensor connecting rod.
Furthermore, a positioning hook is movably arranged on the cantilever sliding chute; the positioning hook is connected with the fixing pin through a pull rope, so that the self-weight horizontal component of the permanent magnet group applied to the micro-pressure sensor is 8-12N
Further, a motor bracket is movably arranged on the longitudinal sliding groove; the upper end of the motor bracket is provided with a screw rod seat which is at the same height with the permanent magnet group; a screw rod is arranged in the screw rod seat; one end of the screw rod, which is far away from the permanent magnet group, is connected with the motor, and the other end of the screw rod is connected with the telescopic arm; the telescopic arm is connected with the Dewar through a Dewar connecting rod, and a displacement sensor is arranged at the joint of the telescopic arm and the Dewar connecting rod.
Further, the motor is a stepping motor.
Further, the control terminal is a computer.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the weight of the magnet group is borne by the pull rope in a suspension mode, so that the micro-pressure sensor is prevented from directly bearing the weight of the magnet, and the micro-pressure sensor is prevented from being damaged due to the fact that the load of the micro-pressure sensor exceeds the measuring range; meanwhile, the phenomenon that the measurement accuracy is influenced due to overlarge relative error caused by the fact that the weight of a large magnet directly acts on the micro-pressure sensor is avoided.
2. In addition, when the mutual position relation between the high-temperature superconductor and the permanent magnet group is determined, the high-temperature superconductor enters a superconducting state through liquid nitrogen cooling, the initial state is the high-temperature superconducting permanent magnet interaction force is zero, when the high-temperature superconductor moves towards the direction far away from the permanent magnet group, attractive force is formed between the high-temperature superconductor and the permanent magnet group, and when the distance between the high-temperature superconductor and the permanent magnet group is reduced from the initial state, repulsive force is formed between the high-temperature superconductor and the permanent magnet. In order to accurately measure the attraction force generated when the distance between the micro-pressure sensor and the micro-pressure sensor increases, an initial preset pressure needs to be applied to the micro-pressure sensor in an initial state. Therefore, according to the magnitude of the interaction force of the high-temperature superconducting permanent magnet, the included angle between the pull rope of the suspension magnet group and the vertical direction is adjusted by moving the position of the suspension positioning hook along the cantilever sliding groove, and the initial preset pressure of 8-12N acting on the micro pressure sensor through the sensor connecting rod is obtained, so that on the decimeter action distance, when the high-temperature superconductor axially or tangentially reciprocates along the magnet group, the change relation of the interaction force between the high-temperature superconductor and the micro pressure sensor along the relative position is accurately measured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a high temperature superconducting permanent magnet axial interaction force measurement state;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the high temperature superconducting permanent magnet in an axial interaction force measuring state;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the high temperature superconducting permanent magnet tangential interaction force measurement;
FIG. 4 is a partial bottom view of a permanent magnet pack;
fig. 5 is a partial bottom view of the cantilever and the cantilever runner and the positioning hook.
Wherein, 1, the magnet hangs the base; 2. a column; 3. a fixing pin; 4. a magnetism gathering body; 5. a central magnet; 6. a bolt; 7. a sensor seat; 8. a micro-pressure sensor; 9. a sensor link; 10. a cantilever; 11. a horizontal bolt; 12. a cantilever chute; 13. positioning the hook; 14. pulling a rope; 15. a Dewar; 16. a superconductor; 17. a Dewar connecting rod; 18. a displacement sensor; 19. a telescopic arm; 20. a screw base; 21. driving the screw rod; 22. a motor; 23. a motor bracket; 24. a base; 25. a longitudinal chute; 26. a transverse chute; 27. a longitudinal chute scale; 28. a longitudinal chute bolt; 29. a transverse chute bolt; 30. and controlling the terminal.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and defined in the appended claims, and all matters produced by the invention using the inventive concept are protected.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the device for detecting the weak interaction force of the high-temperature superconducting permanent magnet at a decimeter-level distance includes a base 24, a transverse sliding groove 26 and a longitudinal sliding groove 25 which are perpendicular to each other are formed on the upper surface of the base 24, a magnet suspension base 1 and a motor bracket 23 which can move on the transverse sliding groove 26 and the longitudinal sliding groove 25 are respectively arranged on the transverse sliding groove 26 and the longitudinal sliding groove 25, and a permanent magnet group and a superconducting motion assembly which are mutually matched and have mutually perpendicular or parallel motion directions are respectively arranged on the magnet suspension base 1 and the motor bracket 23.
As shown in fig. 1, the magnet suspension base 1 is mounted on the base 24 by a transverse sliding slot bolt 29, and the transverse movement of the magnet suspension base 1 on the base 24 can be realized by manually adjusting the tightness of the transverse sliding slot bolt 29.
As shown in fig. 1, a column 2 is fixed on a magnet suspension base 1, a cantilever 10 facing a motor bracket 23 is fixed at the top end of the column 2, and a cantilever sliding slot 12 is formed at one end of the cantilever 10 adjacent to the motor bracket 23 and penetrates through the cantilever.
As shown in fig. 1 and 5, a horizontal bolt 11 capable of rotating in the circumferential direction is fixed to the upper end of the cantilever sliding groove 12, and a positioning hook 13 which is engaged with the horizontal bolt 11 through a screw thread and passes through the cantilever sliding groove 12 is provided on the horizontal bolt 11, so that the positioning hook 13 can be moved when the horizontal bolt 11 is rotated in the circumferential direction.
As shown in fig. 1, a sensor seat 7 located below the cantilever 10 is fixed on a side wall of the upright 2 facing the motor bracket 23, and a micro-pressure sensor 8 (model: Nano17titanium si-16-0.1, manufactured by ATI corporation) connected to a control terminal is installed on the sensor seat 7, and meanwhile, the micro-pressure sensor 8 is connected to the permanent magnet group through a sensor link 9.
As shown in fig. 1 and 4, the permanent magnet group comprises two magnetism gathering bodies 4 with opposite magnetization directions, and a central magnet 5 arranged between the magnetism gathering bodies 4, wherein the magnetization direction of the central magnet 5 is perpendicular to the magnetization direction of the magnetism gathering bodies 4, a fixing pin 3 facing a cantilever 10 is arranged on the central magnet 5, and meanwhile, the magnetism gathering bodies 4 and the central magnet 5 are fixed through bolts 6.
As shown in fig. 1, the sensor connecting rod 9 is embedded in the fixing pin 3, and at the same time, the fixing pin 3 is connected with the positioning hook 13 through the pulling rope 14, so that an included angle with a certain size is formed between the pulling rope 14 and the vertical direction, preferably, the pulling rope 14 is a carbon fiber rope; meanwhile, the position of the positioning hook 13 is adjusted by rotating the horizontal bolt 11 in the circumferential direction, and the angle of an included angle between the pull rope 12 and the vertical direction can be adjusted, so that the horizontal component of the self weight of the permanent magnet group applied to the micro-pressure sensor 8 is 8-12N.
As shown in fig. 1, the motor bracket 23 is mounted on the base 24 through a longitudinal sliding slot bolt 28, and the motor bracket 23 can move on the base 24 by adjusting the tightness degree of the longitudinal sliding slot bolt 28, and meanwhile, a longitudinal sliding slot scale 27 is arranged at the longitudinal sliding slot 25 to achieve the purpose of accurately adjusting the moving distance of the motor bracket 23.
As shown in fig. 1, a screw rod seat 20 with permanent magnet groups at the same height is fixed at the upper end of a motor support 23, a screw rod 21 is arranged in the screw rod seat 20, one end of the screw rod 21, which is far away from the permanent magnet groups, is connected with a motor 22, and the other end of the screw rod 21 is connected with a telescopic arm 19, so that the telescopic arm 19 can complete telescopic motion under the driving of the motor 22, preferably, the motor 22 is a stepping motor, the motor 22 is connected with a control terminal 30, and preferably, the control terminal is a computer.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, a dewar 15 is fixed at one end of the telescopic arm 19 adjacent to the permanent magnet group, the dewar 15 and the telescopic arm 19 are connected through a dewar connecting rod 17, and a high temperature superconductor 16 capable of generating magnetic interaction force with the permanent magnet group is placed in the dewar 15.
As shown in fig. 1, at the connection of the dewar link 17 and the telescopic arm 19, there is provided a displacement sensor 18 connected to a control terminal to detect the moving position of the high temperature superconductor 16 in real time.
Example 2
The measuring process of the relationship between the axial acting force of the high-temperature superconducting permanent magnet and the space position change of the high-temperature superconducting permanent magnet is as follows:
A. the permanent magnet group is arranged, the magnetization direction of the central magnet 5 is aligned with the high-temperature superconductor 16, and the permanent magnet group is driven by a motor 22 to be transmitted through a screw rod 21, a telescopic arm 19 and a Dewar connecting rod 17, so that the reciprocating directions of the Dewar 15 and the superconducting block 16 are consistent.
B. The vertical column 2 is moved along the transverse sliding groove 26, the axial action distance between the permanent magnet group and the high-temperature superconductor 16 is roughly adjusted, so that the Dewar 15 is just contacted with the central magnet 5, the axial action distance between the central magnet 5 of the permanent magnet group and the high-temperature superconductor 16 is pulled open through the motor 22, and the accurate set value is achieved on the meter-level distance.
C. And adjusting a horizontal bolt 11, moving a positioning hook 13 along a cantilever sliding groove 12, and adjusting an included angle theta between a pull rope 14 for suspending the permanent magnet group and the vertical direction to ensure that the horizontal pressure applied to the micro-pressure sensor 8 through the sensor connecting rod 9 is 8-12N.
D. Liquid nitrogen is injected into the dewar 15 to bring the high temperature superconductor 16 into a superconducting state.
E. The motor 22 is driven to rotate forward and backward within a preset time and to reciprocate the dewar 15 and the superconducting block 16 over a preset distance through the screw 21, the telescopic arm 19 and the dewar link 17.
F. Recording the relative position change process of the high-temperature superconductor 16 and the permanent magnet group by a displacement sensor 18 (type: WDL direct sliding type conductive plastic potentiometer) connected with a telescopic arm 19; the interaction force of the high-temperature superconductor 16 and the permanent magnet group is recorded in real time through the micro-pressure sensor 8 and is transmitted to a computer, so that the change process of the axial force of the high-temperature superconductor and the permanent magnet group along with the relative spatial position relation is accurately measured.
Example 3
The measuring process of the relationship between the tangential acting force of the high-temperature superconducting permanent magnet and the space position change of the high-temperature superconducting permanent magnet is as follows:
A. the permanent magnet assembly is arranged such that the direction of magnetization of its central magnet 5 is perpendicular to the direction of reciprocation of the high temperature superconductor 16 by the motor 22.
B. The vertical column 2 is moved along the transverse sliding groove 26, and then the motor bracket 23 is moved along the longitudinal sliding groove 25 with reference to the longitudinal sliding groove scale 27, so that the central magnet 5 of the permanent magnet group is aligned with the high-temperature superconductor 16, and meanwhile, the distance between the high-temperature superconductor 16 and the central magnet 5 is a decimeter-level preset value.
C. Adjusting a horizontal bolt 11, moving a positioning hook 13 along a cantilever sliding groove 12, adjusting an included angle theta between a pull rope 14 for suspending a permanent magnet group and the vertical direction, presetting the horizontal component of the weight of the permanent magnet group to be 8-12N, and applying the horizontal component to a micro-pressure sensor 8 through a sensor connecting rod 9.
D. Liquid nitrogen is injected into the dewar 15 to bring the high temperature superconductor 16 into a superconducting state.
E. The motor 22 is driven to rotate forward and backward within a preset time and to reciprocate the dewar 15 and the superconducting block 16 over a preset distance through the screw 21, the telescopic arm 19 and the dewar link 17.
F. Recording the relative position change process of the high-temperature superconductor 16 and the permanent magnet group through a displacement sensor 18 connected with a telescopic arm 19; the tangential interaction force of the high-temperature superconductor 16 and the permanent magnet group is recorded in real time through the micro-pressure sensor 8, and the detection result is transmitted to a computer, so that the change process of the axial interaction force of the high-temperature superconductor and the permanent magnet group along with the relative spatial position relation is accurately measured.
Claims (5)
1. A device for detecting a high-temperature superconducting permanent magnet weak interaction force at a decimeter-level distance is characterized by comprising a permanent magnet group and a superconducting motion assembly which are matched with each other and have mutually vertical or parallel motion directions;
the permanent magnet group comprises two magnet gathering bodies (4) with opposite magnetization directions and a central magnet (5) arranged between the magnet gathering bodies (4) and with the magnetization direction perpendicular to that of the magnet gathering bodies (4), and a fixing pin (3) is arranged on the central magnet (5); the permanent magnet group is provided with a micro-pressure sensor (8) connected with the permanent magnet group at one side far away from the superconducting motion component;
the superconducting motion assembly comprises a Dewar (15), a displacement sensor (18) for detecting the position information of the Dewar (15), and a motor (22) for driving the Dewar (15) to move; a high-temperature superconductor (16) is arranged in the Dewar (15);
the motor (22), the micro-pressure sensor (8) and the displacement sensor (18) are all connected with a control terminal (30);
the device further comprises a base (24); the base (24) is provided with a transverse sliding groove (26) and a longitudinal sliding groove (25) which are vertical to each other; the permanent magnet group is movably arranged on the transverse sliding groove (26), the superconducting motion assembly is movably arranged on the longitudinal sliding groove (25), and a longitudinal sliding groove scale (27) is arranged at the longitudinal sliding groove (25);
the transverse sliding groove (26) is movably provided with a magnet suspension base (1) through a transverse sliding groove bolt (29); the magnet suspension base (1) is fixedly provided with an upright post (2); a cantilever (10) is arranged at the top end of the upright post (2), and a cantilever sliding groove (12) for penetrating the cantilever (10) is formed in the cantilever;
a positioning hook (13) is movably arranged on the cantilever sliding chute (12); the positioning hook (13) is connected with the fixing pin (3) through a pull rope (14), so that the weight horizontal component of the permanent magnet group applied to the micro-pressure sensor (8) is 8-12N.
2. The device for detecting the weak interaction force of the high-temperature superconducting permanent magnet at the decimeter-level distance according to claim 1, wherein a sensor seat (7) located below the cantilever (10) is arranged on one side of the upright (2) facing the superconducting motion assembly; a micro-pressure sensor (8) is arranged on the sensor seat (7); the micro-pressure sensor (8) is connected with the fixing pin (3) through a sensor connecting rod (9).
3. The device for detecting the weak interaction force of the high-temperature superconducting permanent magnet at the decimeter-level distance according to claim 1, wherein a motor bracket (23) is movably arranged on the longitudinal sliding groove (25) through a longitudinal sliding groove bolt (28); the upper end of the motor bracket (23) is provided with a screw rod seat (20) which is at the same height as the permanent magnet group; a screw rod (21) is arranged in the screw rod seat (20); one end of the screw rod (21) far away from the permanent magnet group is connected with the motor (22), and the other end of the screw rod is connected with the telescopic arm (19); the telescopic arm (19) is connected with the Dewar (15) through the Dewar connecting rod (17), and a displacement sensor (18) is arranged at the joint of the telescopic arm (19) and the Dewar connecting rod (17).
4. The device for detecting weak interaction forces of high temperature superconducting permanent magnets at a decimeter-scale distance according to claim 3, wherein the motor (22) is a stepper motor.
5. The device for detecting the weak interaction force of the high-temperature superconducting permanent magnet at the decimeter-level distance according to claim 1, wherein the control terminal is a computer.
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| CN110658483B (en) * | 2019-11-05 | 2020-08-11 | 西南交通大学 | Device and method for testing interaction force of high-temperature superconductor and permanent magnet |
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| US8228055B2 (en) * | 2008-09-16 | 2012-07-24 | Los Alamos National Security, Llc | Apparatus and method for measuring critical current properties of a coated conductor |
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