CN109142078B - A kind of test device and method for simulating geotechnological membrane creep under bed course constraint condition - Google Patents
A kind of test device and method for simulating geotechnological membrane creep under bed course constraint condition Download PDFInfo
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- CN109142078B CN109142078B CN201810818122.XA CN201810818122A CN109142078B CN 109142078 B CN109142078 B CN 109142078B CN 201810818122 A CN201810818122 A CN 201810818122A CN 109142078 B CN109142078 B CN 109142078B
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/14—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by dead weight, e.g. pendulum; generated by springs tension
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G01N2203/0017—Tensile
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract
The invention discloses the test devices and method of geotechnological membrane creep under a kind of simulation bed course constraint condition, including tensile testing system, bed course application system and displacement acquisition system；Tensile testing system includes host body panel, pedestal, geomembrane, floating holder, cable wire, brake apparatus, fixed pulley and counterweight；Geomembrane one end is fixed in the crack among pedestal, and other end is fixed by floating holder；Bed course application system includes bed course room, bedding material, air pressure regulator, upper cover plate, pressure air bag, force transmitting board, Level Promoting device and movable push bar；Displacement acquisition system includes displacement sensor, data collecting instrument and computer.Apparatus of the present invention realize the test of geomembrane geomembrane croop property when being constrained by bed course, and deformation of creep amount of the record geomembrane in the case where single-stage is constant or multistage constant tensile load effect in real time, the creep curve of geomembrane under different constant stretch load actions is obtained, for analyzing the creep properties of geomembrane.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the deformation detection field of anti-seepage geomembrane in hydraulic engineering, especially a kind of simulation bed course constrains item
The test device and method of geotechnological membrane creep under part.
Background technique
Geomembrane is widely used to dike because having the advantages that barrier performance is good, adaptive deformation ability is strong, project cost is low etc.
The seepage control projects such as dam, library disk, channel.When geomembrane is layed in dykes and dams upstream face as impervious body, the effect of water pressure in library
Under, tension characteristic can be presented in dam facing geomembrane.Under certain pulling force effect, deformation can constantly increase geomembrane at any time,
Generate creep.
Since reservoir is generally using classification water storage, when every storage arrives certain elevation, water level can maintain a period of time, geotechnological at this time
There is the creep behaviour under the conditions of multistage constant force in film.When geomembrane creep compliance reaches a timing, geomembrane can be torn,
To destroy the integrality of dyke seepage control structure, cause a hidden trouble to embankment safety.
Therefore, the geomembrane constrained under the conditions of single-stage constant stretch load and multistage constant tensile load by bed course is probed into
Creep properties have important scientific research meaning and engineering application value.
In the prior art, the creep properties of Creep of Geosynthetics tester test geomembrane are generallyd use.But mesh
Preceding existing creep test device does not consider that bed course constrains the influence to geomembrane creep properties substantially.Due to native in Practical Project
Work film is necessarily by the effect of contraction of bed course, and bed course can have an impact the creep of geomembrane, thus existing experimental rig cannot
Creep behaviour when real simulation geomembrane is constrained by bed course.
In addition, the case where geomembrane is in the presence of by multistage constant tensile load in Practical Project, but existing creep at present
Experimental rig only considers the creep properties that geomembrane is probed under single-stage constant stretch load, and geomembrane cannot be reflected by multistage
Creep properties when constant stretch load.
It therefore, is whole process in reflection geomembrane creep process truly and effectively by the effect of contraction of bed course, it is necessary to develop
It a kind of can simulate the survey of the geotechnological membrane creep constrained under the conditions of single-stage constant stretch load and multistage constant tensile load by bed course
Try device and method.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a kind of simulation bed courses to constrain
Under the conditions of geotechnological membrane creep test device, the test device of geotechnological membrane creep can simulate geotechnique under the simulation bed course constraint condition
It is whole during membrane creep to be constrained by bed course, and real-time testing and be recorded under single-stage is constant or multistage constant tensile load effect
Geomembrane deformation of creep amount, obtain that single-stage is constant or multistage constant tensile load acts on lower geomembrane creep curve, for point
Analyse the creep properties of geomembrane.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that:
A kind of test device for simulating geotechnological membrane creep under bed course constraint condition, including tensile testing system, bed course apply
System and displacement acquisition system.
Tensile testing system is used to apply geomembrane single-stage constant stretch load or multistage constant tensile load；Stretch examination
Check system includes pedestal, floating holder and tensile load bringing device；Pedestal is horizontally disposed, and geomembrane is laid on pedestal, soil
One end of work film is protruded into and is fixed in the crack of pedestal, and the other end of geomembrane is connected with floating holder, and tensile load is applied
Feeder apparatus is connected with floating holder, and floating holder bottom is slidably connected with pedestal.
The top of geomembrane is arranged in bed course application system, for applying Normal stress to geomembrane；Bed course application system
Horizontal sliding can be carried out along the draw direction of geomembrane, and the horizontal sliding amount of bed course application system is with the stretching displacement of geomembrane
Synchronous variation；
Displacement acquisition system is for being acquired the stretching displacement of geomembrane.
Bed course application system includes bed course room, bedding material, normal direction pressurizing device and Level Promoting device；
Bed course ceiling portion and bottom opening setting, bedding material are filled in bed course room, bedding material bottom and geomembrane and bottom
Seat upper surface is in contact；
The top of bedding material is arranged in normal direction pressurizing device, and the pad away from floating holder side is arranged in Level Promoting device
On the outdoor side wall of layer.
Normal direction pressurizing device includes force transmitting board, pressure air bag, upper cover plate and pressure-regulating device；Force transmitting board is placed on bed course
Material top, the detachable lid of upper cover plate close in bed course ceiling portion, and pressure air bag is arranged between force transmitting board and upper cover plate, pressure tune
The pressure in pressure air bag can be adjusted in regulating device.
Bedding material is one of fine sand, sand gravel or concrete.
Tensile load bringing device includes cable wire, brake apparatus, fixed pulley and counterweight；Match in the middle part of cable wire with fixed pulley sliding
It closes, cable wire is divided into horizontal part and vertical portion by fixed pulley, and the tail end of horizontal part is connected with floating holder；Brake apparatus is set in
The horizontal part periphery of cable wire is braked for locking cable wire；Counterweight hangs the tail end that vertical portion is arranged in, and the weight of counterweight can
Combination replacement.
Displacement acquisition system includes displacement sensor, data collecting instrument and computer；Displacement sensor is arranged on cable wire,
Displacement sensor is connected with data collecting instrument, and data collecting instrument and Level Promoting device are connected to a computer.
The present invention also provides a kind of test method of geotechnological membrane creep under simulation bed course constraint condition, simulation bed course constraints
Under the conditions of the test method of geotechnological membrane creep can simulate whole process in geomembrane creep process and constrained by bed course, and real-time testing and note
The geomembrane deformation of creep amount in the case where single-stage is constant or multistage constant tensile load effect is recorded, it is constant or multistage constant to obtain single-stage
Tensile load acts on lower geomembrane creep curve, for analyzing the creep properties of geomembrane.
A kind of test method for simulating geotechnological membrane creep under bed course constraint condition, includes the following steps.
Step 1, several the cutting of geomembrane sample: are cut with a thickness of the geomembrane sample of t by experimental design size.
Step 2, geomembrane single-stage constant stretch load is selected: according to the ultimate tension of geomembrane, by 20%, 40% and
60% ultimate tension selectes the tensile load G of three kinds of sizes1、G2And G3。
Step 3, geomembrane sample both ends in step 1 installation of geomembrane sample: are individually fixed in the folder among pedestal
In seam and floating holder.
Step 4, the installation of bed course application system: bed course room is placed in pedestal and geomembrane upper surface and against activity folder
Tool fills bedding material by design requirement in bed course room；Force transmitting board is placed on bedding material, pressure air bag is laid on force transmitting board
Surface, and upper cover plate is fixed on to the surface of pressure air bag, pressure air bag is connect by pressure pipeline with pressure-regulating device,
Normal pressure needed for applying；Level Promoting device is connect by movable push bar with bed course room.
Step 5, the installation of displacement acquisition system: data collecting instrument is electrically connected by data line and displacement sensor, is calculated
Machine is electrically connected by data line and data collecting instrument, and Level Promoting device is electrically connected with computer, and operation displacement acquisition system checks each
Whether component is in normal operating conditions.
Step 6, the application of bed course Normal stress: cracking pressure regulating device sets air pressure as P1, pressure-regulating device is logical
Cross air pressure adjustment in control pressure air bag and act on normal pressure on bed course, when in pressure air bag stable gas pressure in P1When, pad
Layer normal direction load work is completed.
Step 7, geomembrane creep test: geomembrane creep test includes geotechnological membrane creep examination under single-stage constant stretch load
It tests and geomembrane creep test under multistage constant tensile load.
Wherein, geomembrane creep test under single-stage constant stretch load, includes the following steps.
Step 711, the application of geomembrane tensile load: starting brake apparatus, in the vertical portion end sprung mass of cable wire
For G1Counterweight.
Step 712, start geomembrane creep test: opening Level Promoting device and close brake apparatus, floating holder exists
Start movement of advancing under horizontal pull effect, drives geomembrane that the deformation of creep occurs；In geomembrane creep process, data acquisition
Instrument acquires the geomembrane creep compliance of displacement sensor in real time automatically, and transfers data to computer；Level Promoting device
The shift value that displacement sensor measures is obtained in real time, and movable push bar is controlled according to this shift value, bed course room is pushed to slide forward；
When the geomembrane deformation of creep is stablized, start brake apparatus, removal quality is G1Counterweight, close Level Promoting device and pressure
Regulating device unloads geomembrane；It is P that arrangement, which obtains geomembrane in bed course normal pressure,1It is G with tensile load1Under the conditions of creep
Curve.
Step 713, under different size tensile load geomembrane creep test: by step 711 counterbalance mass distinguish
Change is changed to G2And G3, step 3 is repeated to step 712, and it is P that arrangement, which obtains bed course normal pressure,1When, different size tensile load
G2And G3Act on lower geomembrane creep curve.
Geomembrane creep test under multistage constant tensile load, includes the following steps.
Step 721, the geomembrane tensile test first stage: starting brake apparatus, it is outstanding in the vertical portion end of cable wire
Extension quality is G1Counterweight；Level Promoting device is opened, and closes brake apparatus, floating holder starts under horizontal pull effect
It is mobile, drive geomembrane that the deformation of creep occurs；In geomembrane creep process, data collecting instrument acquires displacement sensing in real time automatically
The geomembrane creep compliance of device measurement, and transfer data to computer；Level Promoting device obtains displacement sensor in real time and measures
Shift value, and according to this shift value control movable push bar push bed course room slide forward；When geomembrane creep time reaches T1
When, start brake apparatus, the geomembrane tensile creep first stage terminates.
Step 722, the counterbalance mass in step 721 geomembrane tensile test second stage: is increased into G2, repeat
Step 721；When geomembrane creep time reaches T2When, start brake apparatus, geomembrane tensile creep second stage terminates.
Step 723, the counterbalance mass in step 721 the geomembrane tensile test phase III: is increased into G3, repeat
Step 721；When geomembrane creep time reaches T3When, start brake apparatus, the geomembrane tensile creep phase III terminates；So
Afterwards, start brake apparatus, removal counterweight closes Level Promoting device and pressure-regulating device, unloads geomembrane；Arrangement obtains
Under the conditions of multistage constant tensile load, geomembrane is P in bed course normal pressure1When creep curve.
Step 8, under different bed course normal pressures geomembrane creep test: by air pressure in the pressure air bag in step 6 point
P is not adjusted to it2And P3, step 3 is repeated to step 7, and arrangement obtains the creep curve of geomembrane；The creep curve of geomembrane includes
Two kinds, the first are as follows: under single-stage constant stretch loading condition, P under different bed course normal pressures1、P2And P3When, different stretch
Load G1、G2And G3Act on the creep curve of lower geomembrane；Second are as follows: under the conditions of multistage constant tensile load, geomembrane exists
P when different bed course normal pressures1、P2And P3Creep curve.
Further include step 9, geomembrane geomembrane selection: is calculated according to the geomembrane creep curve that step 7 and step 8 obtain
Creep strain value；If the creep strain value of geomembrane is no more than the 20% of limiting strain, then it is assumed that geotechnological membrane creep is not in draw
Destruction is stretched, does not influence the safety of geomembrane anti-seepage system；Conversely, the geomembrane of suitable thickness need to be reselected, step 1 is repeated
To the creep test of step 8, until geomembrane creep strain value meets the requirement for being less than limiting strain 20%.
T1、T2And T3Respectively 100h, 120h and 150h；G1、G2And G3Respectively 5kg, 10kg and 15kg；P1、P2And P3Point
It Wei not 25kPa, 50kPa and 75kPa.
In step 4, bedding material is fine sand, the grain diameter percentage composition of fine sand are as follows: the content of 2 ~ 1mm be 3.18%, 1 ~
The content of 0.5mm is 53.2%, and the content of 0.5 ~ 0.25mm is 23.94%, and the content of 0.25 ~ 0.1mm is 17.44%, 0.1 ~
The content of 0.075mm is 0.4%, and the content of < 0.075mm is 1.84%.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the creep of geomembrane is necessarily by the effect of contraction of bed course in Practical Project.The present invention passes through bed course application system
The different normal pressure underlayers effect of contraction different to geomembrane is simulated, realizes single-stage constant stretch load or multistage constant drawing
The test for stretching geomembrane croop property under load obtains corresponding geomembrane creep curve.
2. the deformation of creep that bed course application system pushes bed course to follow geomembrane automatically in the present invention generates movement, guarantee pad
Layer is completely attached to geomembrane always in geomembrane creep process, realizes bed course to the effect of contraction of geomembrane.
3. bedding material can be used the engineerings such as fine sand, sand gravel and concrete and often use course in the present invention, soil can be tested
Geomembrane croop property when work film is constrained by variety classes bedding material different size.
4. the present invention applies normal pressure by the way that pressure air bag to be laid in right above bed course, rather than is added with mechanical force
It carries, so that the pressure for acting on bed course normal direction more evenly, is convenient for control.
5. the present invention applies tensile load using counterweight, rather than with hydraulic or motor driven stress loading, ensure in this way
Tensile load has good stability and reliability in the prolonged creep test of geomembrane, and cheap.
6. floating holder clamping opening surface is equipped with ripple connected in star in the present invention, with the fixture folder that surface is smooth or surface is sharp
Mouthful compare, not only prevented from skidding in clamping opening when geomembrane sample tension in this way, but prevent sample under the effect of normal direction fastening force
It is destroyed in clamping opening.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 shows the structural representation of the test device of geotechnological membrane creep under a kind of simulation bed course constraint condition of the present invention
Figure.
Fig. 2 shows the geomembrane creep curve figure under single-stage constant stretch load.
Fig. 3 shows the geomembrane creep curve figure under multistage constant tensile load.
Wherein have: 1, host body panel, 2, pedestal, 3, geomembrane, 4, floating holder, 5, bed course room, 6, bedding material, 7, pressure
Strength capsule, 8, force transmitting board, 9, upper cover plate, 10, pressure-regulating device, 11, movable push bar, 12, Level Promoting device, 13, cable wire,
14, displacement sensor, 15, brake apparatus, 16, fixed pulley, 17, counterweight, 18, data collecting instrument, 19, computer.
Specific embodiment
Xia Mianjiehefutuhejuti compare Jia Shishifangshiduibenfamingzuojinyibuxiangxishuoming.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of test device for simulating geotechnological membrane creep under bed course constraint condition, including tension test system
System, bed course application system and displacement acquisition system.
Tensile testing system is used to apply geomembrane single-stage constant stretch load or multistage constant tensile load.
Tensile testing system includes host body panel 1, pedestal 2, floating holder 4, cable wire 13, brake apparatus 15, fixed pulley
16 and counterweight 17.
Above-mentioned cable wire, brake apparatus, fixed pulley and counterweight constitute tensile load bringing device, certainly as an alternative, stretching
Load bringing device may be other stretching devices in the prior art such as tensiometer, also the protection scope of the application it
It is interior.However, the present invention applies tensile load using counterweight, rather than with hydraulic or motor driven stress loading, ensure in this way
Tensile load has good stability and reliability in the prolonged creep test of geomembrane, and cheap.
Above-mentioned pedestal 2 is fixed on host body panel 1, and 2 upper surface of pedestal is coated with lubricant.Geomembrane 3 is in the horizontal direction
It is layered on pedestal 2,3 one end of geomembrane is fixed in the crack among pedestal 2, and other end is fixed by floating holder 4, crack
It is preferably provided with ripple connected in star with the clamping opening surface of floating holder, had both prevented from beating in clamping opening when geomembrane sample tension in this way
It is sliding, and prevent sample from destroying in clamping opening under the effect of normal direction fastening force.
Floating holder 4 is held on pedestal 2, and can be in the horizontal direction in 2 upper surface slide of pedestal.
Cable wire 13 is connect with 4 one end of floating holder in the horizontal direction, and is horizontally passed through and be fixed on host body panel 1
On brake apparatus 15, further around cross after the fixed pulley 16 that 1 end of host body panel is chosen straight down, in the end of cable wire 13
Hang counterweight 17.When brake apparatus 15 starts, floating holder 4 is not subject to the horizontal pull effect of the transmitting of cable wire 13, brake apparatus
When 15 closing, floating holder 4 bears the horizontal pull effect that cable wire 13 transmits.Counterweight 17 has 1kg, 5kg, 10kg and 20kg etc.
It is several, with the tensile loads at different levels required in composite test.
Above-mentioned brake apparatus is that cable wire can be locked by the prior art when brake apparatus is opened.
The top of geomembrane is arranged in bed course application system, for applying Normal stress to geomembrane；Bed course application system
Horizontal sliding can be carried out along the draw direction of geomembrane, and the horizontal sliding amount of bed course application system is with the stretching displacement of geomembrane
Synchronous variation.
Bed course application system includes bed course room 5, bedding material 6, normal direction pressurizing device and Level Promoting device 12.
Be open setting at the top and bottom of bed course room 5, and bedding material 6 is filled in bed course room 5,6 bottom of bedding material and geomembrane 3
It is in contact with 2 upper surface of pedestal.
The top of bedding material 6 is arranged in normal direction pressurizing device, and the setting of movable push bar 11 of Level Promoting device 12 is deviating from
On 5 lateral wall of bed course room of 4 side of floating holder, and it is connected with computer 19
Normal direction pressurizing device includes force transmitting board 8, pressure air bag 7, upper cover plate 9 and pressure-regulating device 10；Force transmitting board 8 is placed
At 6 top of bedding material, the detachable lid of upper cover plate 9 is closed at 5 top of bed course room, and pressure air bag 7 is arranged in force transmitting board 8 and upper cover plate
Between 9, the pressure in pressure air bag 7 can be adjusted in pressure-regulating device 10.
As shown in Figure 1, bed course application system include bed course room 5, bedding material 6, pressure air bag 7, force transmitting board 8, upper cover plate 9,
Air pressure regulator 10, Level Promoting device 12 and movable push bar 11.
Bed course room 5 is placed in pedestal 2 and 3 upper surface of geomembrane and against floating holder 4, fills bedding material in bed course room 5
6；Force transmitting board 8 is placed on bedding material 6, and pressure air bag 7 is laid in 8 upper surface of force transmitting board, and upper cover plate 9 is fixed on pressure air bag 7
Surface, pressure air bag 7 connect using pressure pipeline with air pressure regulator 10, and air pressure regulator 10, which passes through, controls pressure
Air pressure adjustment acts on the normal pressure on bedding material 6 in air bag 7.Level Promoting device 12 passes through movable push bar 11 and bed course room
The connection of 5 left side side walls.
Above-mentioned bedding material is preferably one of fine sand, sand gravel or concrete etc., further preferably fine sand, fine sand
Grain composition is as shown in table 1.
Each grain group mass percent of 1 bedding material of table
Displacement acquisition system is for being acquired the stretching displacement of geomembrane.
Displacement acquisition system includes displacement sensor 14, data collecting instrument 18 and computer 19；14 both ends of displacement sensor
It connect, namely is arranged on cable wire with cable wire 13 respectively.Data collecting instrument 18 is electrically connected simultaneously by data line and displacement sensor 18
Acquisition displacement in real time, data collecting instrument 18 is by the displacement real-time Transmission collected to computer 19.Level Promoting device 12 is logical
It crosses to be electrically connected with computer 19 and obtains the shift value that displacement sensor 14 measures in real time, and the displacement measured according to displacement sensor 14
Value control movable push bar 11 pushes bed course room 5 to slide forward.
A kind of test method for simulating geotechnological membrane creep under bed course constraint condition, there are two preferred embodiments for tool, respectively
The creep test of the creep test of geomembrane and geomembrane under multistage constant tensile load under single-stage constant stretch load.
Embodiment 1: the creep test of geomembrane under single-stage constant stretch load includes the following steps.
Step 1, the cutting of geomembrane sample: selecting with a thickness of t(is preferably 1.0mm) geomembrane, by size (grow ×
It is wide) 200mm × 100mm at least cuts 9 geomembrane samples.
Step 2, geomembrane single-stage constant stretch load is selected: according to the ultimate tension of geomembrane, by 20%, 40% and
60% ultimate tension selectes three kinds of tensile load G1(5kg), G2(10kg) and G3(15kg).
Step 3, geomembrane sample both ends in step 1 installation of geomembrane sample: are individually fixed in the folder among pedestal
In seam and floating holder.
Step 4, the installation of bed course application system: bed course room is placed in base upper surface and abuts floating holder, in bed course
Fine sand is filled by design requirement in interior；Force transmitting board is placed on bed course, pressure air bag is laid in force transmitting board upper surface, and by upper cover
Plate is fixed on the surface of pressure air bag, and pressure air bag is connect by pressure pipeline with air pressure regulator, normal direction needed for applying
Pressure；Level Promoting device is connect by movable push bar with bed course room.
Step 5, the installation of displacement acquisition system: data collecting instrument is electrically connected by data line and displacement sensor, is calculated
Machine is electrically connected by data line and data collecting instrument, and Level Promoting device is electrically connected with computer, and operation displacement acquisition system checks each
Whether component is in normal operating conditions.
Step 6, the application of bed course Normal stress: air pressure regulator is opened, sets air pressure as P1(25kPa), air pressure tune
Regulating device acts on the normal pressure on bed course by air pressure adjustment in control pressure air bag, when stable gas pressure exists in pressure air bag
P1When (25kPa), bed course normal direction loads work and completes.
Step 7, geomembrane creep test includes the following steps.
Step 711, the application of geomembrane tensile load: start brake apparatus, be in the vertical end sprung mass of cable wire
G1The counterweight of (5kg).
Step 712, start geomembrane creep test: opening Level Promoting device and close brake apparatus, floating holder exists
Start to move under horizontal pull effect, drives geomembrane that the deformation of creep occurs；In geomembrane creep process, data collecting instrument is certainly
The geomembrane creep compliance of the dynamic displacement sensor of acquisition in real time, and transfer data to computer；Level Promoting device is real-time
The shift value that displacement sensor measures is obtained, and movable push bar is controlled according to this shift value, bed course room is pushed to slide forward；Work as soil
When work membrane creep stabilization, start brake apparatus, removal counterweight is closed Level Promoting device and air pressure regulator, unloaded
Geomembrane；It is P that arrangement, which obtains geomembrane in bed course normal pressure,1(25kPa) and tensile load are G1Creep under the conditions of (5kg)
Curve.
Step 713, under different size tensile load geomembrane creep test: by step 711 counterbalance mass distinguish
Change is changed to G2(10kg) and G3(15kg) repeats step 3 to step 712, and it is P that arrangement, which obtains bed course normal pressure,1(25kPa)
When, different stretch load G1(5kg), G2(10kg) and G3(15kg) acts on lower geomembrane creep curve.
Step 8, under different bed course normal pressures geomembrane creep test: by air pressure in the pressure air bag in step 6 point
P is not adjusted to it2(50kPa) and P3(75kPa) repeats step 3 to step 7, and arrangement obtains under different bed course normal pressures
When (25kPa, 50kPa and 75kPa), different stretch load (5kg, 10kg and 15kg) acts on the creep curve of lower geomembrane, such as
Shown in Fig. 2.As shown in Figure 2, geomembrane creep properties are related with the size of tensile load and bed course normal pressure.When stretching lotus
Load is bigger, and geomembrane creep compliance is bigger, when bed course normal pressure is smaller；Geomembrane creep compliance is bigger.
Step 9, geomembrane selects: the geomembrane creep curve obtained according to step 7 and step 8 calculates geotechnological membrane creep and answers
Variate；If the creep strain value of geomembrane is no more than the 20% of limiting strain, then it is assumed that geotechnological membrane creep is not in stretch to break
It is bad, the safety of geomembrane anti-seepage system is not influenced；Conversely, the geomembrane of suitable thickness need to be reselected, step 1 is repeated to step
Rapid 8 creep test, until geomembrane creep strain value meets the requirement for being less than limiting strain 20%.
Embodiment 2: the creep test of geomembrane under multistage constant tensile load includes the following steps:
Step 1, the cutting of geomembrane sample: selecting with a thickness of t(is preferably 1.0mm) geomembrane, by size (grow ×
It is wide) 200mm × 100mm at least cuts 3 geomembrane samples.
Step 2, multistage constant tensile load is selected: geomembrane tensile creep is divided into three phases, three phases
Creep time be respectively T1(100h), T2(120h) and T3(150h), according to the ultimate tension of geomembrane, by 20%, 40% and
60% ultimate tension selectes the tensile load G of three phases1(5kg), G2(10kg) and G3(15kg).
Step 3, geomembrane sample both ends in step 1 installation of geomembrane sample: are individually fixed in the folder among pedestal
In seam and floating holder.
Step 4, the installation of bed course application system: bed course room is placed in base upper surface and abuts floating holder, in bed course
Fine sand is filled by design requirement in interior；Force transmitting board is placed on bed course, pressure air bag is laid in force transmitting board upper surface, and by upper cover
Plate is fixed on the surface of pressure air bag, pressure air bag is connect by pressure pipeline with air pressure regulator, method needed for applying
To pressure；Level Promoting device is connect by movable push bar with bed course room.
Step 5, the installation of displacement acquisition system: data collecting instrument is electrically connected by data line and displacement sensor, is calculated
Machine is electrically connected by data line and data collecting instrument, and Level Promoting device is electrically connected with computer, and operation displacement acquisition system checks each
Whether component is in normal operating conditions.
Step 6, the application of bed course Normal stress: air pressure regulator is opened, sets air pressure as P1(25kPa), air pressure tune
Regulating device acts on the normal pressure on bed course by air pressure adjustment in control pressure air bag, when stable gas pressure exists in pressure air bag
P1When (25kPa), bed course normal direction loads work and completes.
Step 7, geomembrane creep test includes the following steps.
Step 721, the geomembrane tensile test first stage: starting brake apparatus is hung in the vertical end of cable wire
Quality is G1The counterweight of (5kg)；Level Promoting device is opened, and closes brake apparatus, floating holder is under horizontal pull effect
Start to move, drives geomembrane that the deformation of creep occurs；In geomembrane creep process, data collecting instrument acquisition displacement in real time automatically
The geomembrane creep compliance of sensor measurement, and transfer data to computer；Level Promoting device obtains displacement sensor in real time
The shift value measured, and movable push bar is controlled according to this shift value, bed course room is pushed to slide forward；When geomembrane creep time reaches
To T1When (100h), start brake apparatus, the geomembrane tensile creep first stage terminates.
Step 722, the counterbalance mass in step 721 geomembrane tensile test second stage: is increased into G2
(10kg) repeats step 721；When geomembrane creep time reaches T2When (120h), start brake apparatus, geomembrane tensile creep
Second stage terminates.
Step 723, the counterbalance mass in step 721 the geomembrane tensile test phase III: is increased into G3
(15kg) repeats step 721；When geomembrane creep time reaches T3When (150h), start brake apparatus, geomembrane tensile creep
Phase III terminates；Then, start brake apparatus, removal counterweight closes Level Promoting device and pressure-regulating device, unloads soil
Work film；Arrangement obtains under the conditions of multistage constant tensile load, and geomembrane is P in bed course normal pressure1Creep when (25kPa)
Curve.
Step 8, geomembrane creep test under different bed course normal pressures: by air pressure is adjusted respectively in pressure air bag in step 6
Section is P2(50kPa) and P3(75kPa) repeats step 3 to step 7, and arrangement obtains under the conditions of multistage constant tensile load, soil
Work film in different bed course normal pressures (25kPa, 50kPa and 75kPa) creep curve, as shown in Figure 3.
Step 9, geomembrane selects: the geomembrane creep curve obtained according to step 7 and step 8 calculates geotechnological membrane creep and answers
Variate；If the creep strain value of geomembrane is no more than the 20% of limiting strain, then it is assumed that geotechnological membrane creep is not in stretch to break
It is bad, the safety of geomembrane anti-seepage system is not influenced；Conversely, the geomembrane of suitable thickness need to be reselected, step 1 is repeated to step
Rapid 8 creep test, until geomembrane creep strain value meets the requirement for being less than limiting strain 20%.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above in detail, still, during present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above
Detail a variety of equivalents can be carried out to technical solution of the present invention within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, this
A little equivalents all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. the test device of geotechnological membrane creep under a kind of simulation bed course constraint condition, it is characterised in that: including tensile testing system,
Bed course application system and displacement acquisition system；
Tensile testing system is used to apply geomembrane single-stage constant stretch load or multistage constant tensile load；Tension test system
System includes pedestal, floating holder and tensile load bringing device；Pedestal is horizontally disposed, and geomembrane is laid on pedestal, geomembrane
One end protrude into and be fixed in the crack of pedestal, the other end of geomembrane is connected with floating holder, tensile load apply dress
It sets and is connected with floating holder, floating holder bottom is slidably connected with pedestal；
The top of geomembrane is arranged in bed course application system, for applying Normal stress to geomembrane；Bed course application system energy edge
The draw direction of geomembrane carries out horizontal sliding, and the horizontal sliding amount of bed course application system is synchronous with the stretching displacement of geomembrane
Variation；
Displacement acquisition system is for being acquired the stretching displacement of geomembrane；
Bed course application system includes bed course room, bedding material, normal direction pressurizing device and Level Promoting device；
Bed course ceiling portion and bottom opening setting, bedding material are filled in bed course room, on bedding material bottom and geomembrane and pedestal
Surface is in contact；The top of bedding material is arranged in normal direction pressurizing device, and the setting of Level Promoting device is deviating from floating holder side
Bed course room outside on side wall.
2. the test device of geotechnological membrane creep under simulation bed course constraint condition according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: method
It include force transmitting board, pressure air bag, upper cover plate and pressure-regulating device to pressurizing device；Force transmitting board is placed at the top of bedding material, on
The detachable lid of cover board closes in bed course ceiling portion, and pressure air bag is arranged between force transmitting board and upper cover plate, pressure-regulating device energy
Pressure in pressure air bag is adjusted.
3. the test device of geotechnological membrane creep under simulation bed course constraint condition according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: pad
Layered material is one of fine sand, sand gravel or concrete.
4. the test device of geotechnological membrane creep under simulation bed course constraint condition according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: draw
Stretching load bringing device includes cable wire, brake apparatus, fixed pulley and counterweight；It is slidably matched in the middle part of cable wire with fixed pulley, fixed pulley
Cable wire is divided into horizontal part and vertical portion, the tail end of horizontal part is connected with floating holder；Brake apparatus is set in the water of cable wire
Flat portion periphery is braked for locking cable wire；Counterweight hangs the tail end that vertical portion is arranged in, and the weight of counterweight can combine more
It changes.
5. the test device of geotechnological membrane creep under simulation bed course constraint condition according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: position
Moving acquisition system includes displacement sensor, data collecting instrument and computer；Displacement sensor is arranged on cable wire, displacement sensor
It is connected with data collecting instrument, data collecting instrument and Level Promoting device are connected to a computer.
6. the test method of geotechnological membrane creep, described in any item using claim 1-5 under a kind of simulation bed course constraint condition
Simulate the test device of geotechnological membrane creep under bed course constraint condition, characterized by the following steps:
Step 1, several the cutting of geomembrane sample: are cut with a thickness of the geomembrane sample of t by experimental design size；
Step 2, geomembrane single-stage constant stretch load is selected: according to the ultimate tension of geomembrane, by 20%, 40% and 60%
Ultimate tension selectes the tensile load G of three kinds of sizes1、G2And G3；
Step 3, the installation of geomembrane sample: by geomembrane sample both ends in step 1 be individually fixed in crack among pedestal and
In floating holder；
Step 4, the installation of bed course application system: being placed in pedestal and geomembrane upper surface for bed course room and abut floating holder,
Bedding material is filled by design requirement in bed course room；Force transmitting board is placed on bedding material, pressure air bag is laid in force transmitting board upper surface,
And upper cover plate is fixed on to the surface of pressure air bag, pressure air bag is connect by pressure pipeline with pressure-regulating device, is applied
Required normal pressure；Level Promoting device is connect by movable push bar with bed course room；
Step 5, the installation of displacement acquisition system: data collecting instrument is electrically connected by data line and displacement sensor, and computer is logical
It crosses data line to be electrically connected with data collecting instrument, Level Promoting device is electrically connected with computer, and operation displacement acquisition system checks each component
Whether normal operating conditions is in；
Step 6, the application of bed course Normal stress: cracking pressure regulating device sets air pressure as P1, pressure-regulating device passes through control
Air pressure adjustment acts on the normal pressure on bed course in pressing pressure air bag, when in pressure air bag stable gas pressure in P1When, Sand-gravel-cushion Technioue
It is completed to load work；
Step 7, geomembrane creep test: geomembrane creep test include under single-stage constant stretch load geomembrane creep test and
Geomembrane creep test under multistage constant tensile load；
Wherein, geomembrane creep test under single-stage constant stretch load, includes the following steps:
Step 711, applying for geomembrane tensile load the application of geomembrane tensile load: is carried out using tensile load bringing device
Add, wherein tensile load bringing device includes cable wire, brake apparatus, fixed pulley and counterweight；Match in the middle part of cable wire with fixed pulley sliding
It closes, cable wire is divided into horizontal part and vertical portion by fixed pulley, and the tail end of horizontal part is connected with floating holder；Brake apparatus is set in
The horizontal part periphery of cable wire is braked for locking cable wire；Counterweight hangs the tail end that vertical portion is arranged in, and the weight of counterweight can
Combination replacement；Start brake apparatus, is G in the vertical portion end sprung mass of cable wire1Counterweight；
Step 712, start geomembrane creep test: opening Level Promoting device and close brake apparatus, floating holder is in level
Start movement of advancing under pulling force effect, drives geomembrane that the deformation of creep occurs；In geomembrane creep process, data collecting instrument is certainly
The geomembrane creep compliance of the dynamic displacement sensor of acquisition in real time, and transfer data to computer；Level Promoting device is real-time
The shift value that displacement sensor measures is obtained, and movable push bar is controlled according to this shift value, bed course room is pushed to slide forward；Work as soil
When work membrane creep stabilization, start brake apparatus, removal quality is G1Counterweight, close Level Promoting device and pressure and adjust
Device unloads geomembrane；It is P that arrangement, which obtains geomembrane in bed course normal pressure,1It is G with tensile load1Under the conditions of creep it is bent
Line；
Step 713, under different size tensile load geomembrane creep test: the counterbalance mass in step 711 is changed respectively
It is changed to G2And G3, step 3 is repeated to step 712, and it is P that arrangement, which obtains bed course normal pressure,1When, different size tensile load G2And G3
Act on lower geomembrane creep curve；
Geomembrane creep test under multistage constant tensile load, includes the following steps:
Step 721, the geomembrane tensile test first stage: starting brake apparatus hangs matter in the vertical portion end of cable wire
Amount is G1Counterweight；Level Promoting device is opened, and closes brake apparatus, floating holder starts to move under horizontal pull effect
It is dynamic, drive geomembrane that the deformation of creep occurs；In geomembrane creep process, data collecting instrument acquires displacement sensor in real time automatically
The geomembrane creep compliance of measurement, and transfer data to computer；Level Promoting device obtains what displacement sensor measured in real time
Shift value, and movable push bar is controlled according to this shift value, bed course room is pushed to slide forward；When geomembrane creep time reaches T1When,
Start brake apparatus, the geomembrane tensile creep first stage terminates；
Step 722, the counterbalance mass in step 721 geomembrane tensile test second stage: is increased into G2, repeat step
721；When geomembrane creep time reaches T2When, start brake apparatus, geomembrane tensile creep second stage terminates；
Step 723, the counterbalance mass in step 721 the geomembrane tensile test phase III: is increased into G3, repeat step
721；When geomembrane creep time reaches T3When, start brake apparatus, the geomembrane tensile creep phase III terminates；Then, it opens
Dynamic brake apparatus, removal counterweight close Level Promoting device and pressure-regulating device, unload geomembrane；Arrangement is obtained in multistage
Under constant stretch loading condition, geomembrane is P in bed course normal pressure1When creep curve；
Step 8, under different bed course normal pressures geomembrane creep test: air pressure in the pressure air bag in step 6 is adjusted respectively
Section is P2And P3, step 3 is repeated to step 7, and arrangement obtains the creep curve of geomembrane；The creep curve of geomembrane includes two kinds,
The first are as follows: under single-stage constant stretch loading condition, P under different bed course normal pressures1、P2And P3When, different stretch load
G1、G2And G3Act on the creep curve of lower geomembrane；Second are as follows: under the conditions of multistage constant tensile load, geomembrane is in difference
P when bed course normal pressure1、P2And P3Creep curve.
7. the test method of geotechnological membrane creep under simulation bed course constraint condition according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: also
Including step 9, geomembrane creep strain geomembrane selection: is calculated according to the geomembrane creep curve that step 7 and step 8 obtain
Value；If the creep strain value of geomembrane is no more than the 20% of limiting strain, then it is assumed that geotechnological membrane creep is not in tensile failure,
The safety of geomembrane anti-seepage system is not influenced；Conversely, the geomembrane of suitable thickness need to be reselected, step 1 is repeated to step 8
Creep test, until geomembrane creep strain value meet be less than limiting strain 20% requirement.
8. the test method of geotechnological membrane creep under simulation bed course constraint condition according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: T1、
T2And T3Respectively 100h, 120h and 150h；G1、G2And G3Respectively 5kg, 10kg and 15kg；P1、P2And P3Respectively 25kPa,
50kPa and 75kPa.
9. the test method of geotechnological membrane creep under simulation bed course constraint condition according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: step
In rapid 4, bedding material is fine sand, the grain diameter percentage composition of fine sand are as follows: the content of 2 ~ 1mm is 3.18%, and 1 ~ 0.5mm's contains
Amount is 53.2%, and the content of 0.5 ~ 0.25mm is 23.94%, and the content of 0.25 ~ 0.1mm is 17.44%, the content of 0.1 ~ 0.075mm
It is 0.4%, the content of < 0.075mm is 1.84%.
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| CN109559605A (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2019-04-02 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | A kind of easy device being capable of providing constant push and draw force |
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| CN111175141B (en) * | 2020-02-07 | 2021-02-09 | 河海大学 | Method for selecting and matching particle cushion layer with reasonable particle size and free of damage to geomembrane |
| CN111812004B (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2023-07-25 | 黄河水利委员会黄河水利科学研究院 | Method for determining hydrostatic pressure resistance of elastoplastic damaged geomembrane under transverse constraint condition |
| CN113804599A (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2021-12-17 | 必照岩土科技(南京)有限公司 | Device for testing influence of construction defects on seepage flow of geomembrane composite barrier |
| CN111896450B (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2023-03-10 | 黄河水利委员会黄河水利科学研究院 | Method for determining permeability coefficient of elastic-plastic damage geomembrane under transverse constraint condition |
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