Hydrostatic testing machine
Technical Field
The invention relates to a testing machine, in particular to a hydraulic testing machine.
Background
The gas cylinder hydrostatic test is the most direct and effective means for detecting the gas cylinder performance, and can effectively check whether the steel cylinder has macroscopic deformation and leakage, and whether the corresponding pressure gauge has pressure drop phenomenon or not.
The test principle is that water is used as a pressurizing medium, the pressure in the tested bottle is gradually increased, the hydrostatic test pressure of the gas bottle is achieved, and the safety bearing capacity of the gas bottle is verified. Most of the existing hydrostatic testers have low automation and intelligent degrees, the residual deformation rate of the gas cylinder is calculated by adopting a formula after measuring parameters such as the weight, the liquid level, the pressure and the like of the tested cylinder by adopting instruments such as a platform scale, a measuring cylinder, a pressure gauge and the like, and the residual deformation rate of the gas cylinder is used as a basis for judging whether the gas cylinder is safe and reliable.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a hydrostatic testing machine aiming at the problem that the measuring method of the existing hydrostatic testing machine in the prior art is unreasonable.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is solved by the following technical scheme:
The hydraulic testing machine comprises a machine base, wherein a plurality of jacking cylinders and pressing cylinders which are oppositely arranged are respectively fixed on the machine base along the two sides of the length direction of the machine base, the jacking cylinders and the pressing cylinders are uniformly distributed along the length direction of the machine base at equal intervals, supporting rollers which support two ends of a workpiece and lifting plates which can support the workpiece are arranged on the machine base, a piston is fixed on the machine base, the lifting cylinders which are connected with the lifting plates and are longitudinally arranged are fixed on the machine base, and weighing sensors which weigh the workpiece are arranged on the lifting plates. The method comprises the steps of weighing the mass of a workpiece through a weighing sensor, weighing the mass of the workpiece filled with water, obtaining the volume of an inner cavity of the workpiece through the difference between the two masses, respectively obtaining the pressure relation between high-pressure water and low-pressure water through calculation according to the principle, and judging whether the test workpiece is leaked or not to judge whether the test workpiece is qualified or not. The method can efficiently, quickly and accurately check whether the steel cylinder has macroscopic deformation and leakage, and has the characteristics of high accuracy and small influence of human factors.
Preferably, the lifting plates are arranged along the length direction of the machine base and are arranged at the middle position of the workpiece, so that the lifting plates can be used for stably lifting the workpiece, and the workpiece is prevented from tilting and turning on one's side.
Preferably, the lifting plate is fixedly provided with a V-shaped block matched with the outline shape of the workpiece, and the weighing sensor is arranged between the V-shaped block and the lifting plate.
Preferably, the machine base is fixedly provided with a cylinder fixing seat, the jacking cylinder is fixed on the cylinder fixing seat, the cylinder piston penetrates through the cylinder fixing seat, the end part of the cylinder piston is connected with a transmission pin which can lean against the end part of the workpiece, and the cylinder fixing seat is provided with a transmission groove for the transmission pin to extend in.
Preferably, the device further comprises a positioning bowl for positioning the end part of the workpiece, wherein the end part of the transmission pin penetrates through the middle part of the positioning bowl, and the positioning bowl, the transmission pin and the cylinder piston are coaxially arranged.
Preferably, the device further comprises an ejector pin arranged in the air cylinder fixing seat, wherein one end of the ejector pin is provided with a spring and is arranged in the air cylinder fixing seat, and the other end of the ejector pin penetrates through the bottom surface of the positioning bowl and stretches into the positioning bowl.
Preferably, the base is fixedly provided with an oil cylinder fixing seat, the compression oil cylinder is fixed on the oil cylinder fixing seat, the end part of a piston rod of the compression oil cylinder is connected with a transmission sleeve, the end part of the transmission sleeve is provided with a transmission block, the base further comprises a connecting column connected with the end part of a workpiece, one end of the connecting column is provided with a connecting through hole with an upper opening and a lower opening and the cross section of the connecting through hole is in a convex shape, the transmission block is clamped into the connecting through hole from the upper end or the lower end opening of the connecting through hole and can slide up and down in the connecting through hole, and when a workpiece falls down or breaks away from a supporting roller, the transmission block can be smoothly axially clamped with or separated from the connecting through hole, so that the transmission sleeve and the connecting column can be conveniently separated and connected.
Preferably, the other end of the connecting column is provided with a sleeve, and an internal expansion spring chuck which can extend into the workpiece is arranged in the sleeve. The expanding collet chuck can be retracted under the action of the sleeve, so that the inner expanding collet chuck can be moved out of the workpiece.
Preferably, the device further comprises a water injection sleeve which is arranged at the end part of the workpiece and is communicated with the interior of the workpiece, a water injection port and a pressure detection exhaust port are arranged on the water injection sleeve, a compression spring is sleeved outside the sleeve, and two ends of the compression spring respectively lean against the connecting column and the water injection sleeve. Under the action of the compression spring, the inner expanding spring chuck can smoothly buckle the inner end face of the workpiece, and the inner expanding spring chuck and the workpiece are connected.
Preferably, the oil cylinder fixing seat is provided with a U-shaped limiting groove with an upward opening, and the connecting column can be clamped into the U-shaped limiting groove. The connecting column can be limited through the U-shaped limiting groove, so that the workpiece can fall into a designated station on the machine base, and smooth clamping of the jacking cylinder and the compacting cylinder on the workpiece is ensured.
Preferably, the O-shaped sealing ring which forms a seal with the outer end face of the workpiece is arranged on the end face, close to the workpiece, of the water injection sleeve, and water overflow during low-pressure water injection can be effectively prevented through the action of the O-shaped sealing ring.
The invention has the remarkable technical effects due to the adoption of the technical scheme:
The hydraulic pressure test machine designed by the invention can efficiently, quickly and accurately check whether the steel bottle has macroscopic deformation and leakage, and whether the corresponding pressure gauge has pressure drop phenomenon or not, has the characteristics of high accuracy and small influence of human factors, and can be used as an effective basis for judging the safety and reliability of the gas bottle.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a top view of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a side view of fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the C-C plane of fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the D-D plane of fig. 2.
Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken along the B-B plane in fig. 3.
Fig. 7 is a partial enlarged view of the right end portion in fig. 5.
The names of the parts indicated by the numerical references in the drawings are as follows: 1-stand, 2-jacking cylinder, 3-compression cylinder, 4-workpiece, 5-supporting roller, 6-lifting plate, 7-lifting cylinder, 8-weighing sensor, 9-V-shaped block, 10-cylinder fixing seat, 11-driving pin, 12-driving groove, 13-positioning bowl, 14-jacking pin, 15-cylinder fixing seat, 16-driving sleeve, 17-driving block, 18-connecting column, 19-connecting through hole, 20-sleeve, 21-internal expansion spring chuck, 22-water filling sleeve, 23-water filling port, 24-pressure detection exhaust port, 25-compression spring, 26-U-shaped limit groove and 27-O-shaped sealing ring.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1
The hydraulic testing machine, as shown in fig. 1-7, comprises a machine base 1, wherein a jacking cylinder 2 and a pressing cylinder 3 which are oppositely arranged are respectively fixed on the machine base 1 along the two sides of the length direction of the machine base 1, a workpiece 4 is fixed between the jacking cylinder 2 and the pressing cylinder 3, the jacking cylinder 2 and the pressing cylinder 3 are all multiple and are uniformly distributed at intervals along the length direction of the machine base 1, a supporting roller 5 for supporting the two ends of the workpiece 4 and a lifting plate 6 for supporting the workpiece 4 are arranged on the machine base 1, a lifting cylinder 7 which is connected with the lifting plate 6 by a piston and is longitudinally arranged is fixed on the machine base 1, and weighing sensors 8 for weighing the workpiece 4 are arranged on the lifting plate 6, and in the embodiment, 4 weighing sensors 8 for forming a bridge circuit are adopted.
The lifting plate 6 is fixedly provided with a V-shaped block 9 matched with the outer contour shape of the workpiece 4, the lifting plate 6 is arranged in the middle of the workpiece 4 along the length direction of the machine base 1, the lifting cylinder 7 can smoothly and stably lift a plurality of workpieces 4 through the lifting plate 6 and the V-shaped block 9, the whole operation efficiency is greatly improved, the weighing sensor 8 is arranged between the V-shaped block 9 and the lifting plate 6, and when the workpieces 4 are separated from the supporting rollers 5, the weighing sensor 8 can be used for weighing the workpieces 4, and numerical values are output.
The machine seat 1 is fixedly provided with a cylinder fixing seat 10, the jacking cylinder 2 is fixedly arranged on the cylinder fixing seat 10, a cylinder piston penetrates through the cylinder fixing seat 10, the end part of the cylinder piston is connected with a transmission pin 11 which can be abutted against the end part of the workpiece 4, and the cylinder fixing seat 10 is provided with a transmission groove 12 into which the transmission pin 11 extends. The device also comprises a positioning bowl 13 for positioning the end part of the workpiece 4, wherein the end part of the transmission pin 11 passes through the middle part of the positioning bowl 13, and the positioning bowl 13, the transmission pin 11 and the cylinder piston are coaxially arranged. The device also comprises an ejection pin 14 arranged in the cylinder fixing seat 10, wherein one end of the ejection pin 14 is provided with a spring and is arranged in the cylinder fixing seat 10, and the other end of the ejection pin passes through the bottom surface of the positioning bowl 13 and stretches into the positioning bowl 13.
The machine seat 1 is fixedly provided with an oil cylinder fixing seat 15, the compression oil cylinder 3 is fixed on the oil cylinder fixing seat 15, the end part of a piston rod of the compression oil cylinder 3 is connected with a transmission sleeve 16, the end part of the transmission sleeve 16 is provided with a transmission block 17, the machine seat further comprises a connecting column 18 connected with the end part of a workpiece 4, one end of the connecting column 18 is provided with a connecting through hole 19 with an upper opening and a lower opening and a cross section in a convex shape, and the transmission block 17 is clamped into the connecting through hole 19 from the upper end or the lower end opening of the connecting through hole 19 and can slide up and down in the connecting through hole 19, so that the separation and the connection between the transmission sleeve 16 and the connecting column 18 can be facilitated.
The other end of the connecting column 18 is provided with a sleeve 20, and an inner expansion spring chuck 21 which can extend into the workpiece 4 is arranged in the sleeve 20.
The device further comprises a water injection sleeve 22 which is arranged at the end part of the workpiece 4 and is communicated with the interior of the workpiece 4, a water injection port 23 and a pressure detection exhaust port 24 are arranged on the water injection sleeve 22, an O-shaped sealing ring 27 which forms a seal with the outer end surface of the workpiece 4 is arranged on the end surface of the water injection sleeve 22, which is close to the workpiece 4, water does not overflow during low-pressure water injection, a compression spring 25 is sleeved outside the sleeve 20, and two ends of the compression spring 25 respectively lean against the connecting column 18 and the water injection sleeve 22.
Be equipped with the ascending U-shaped spacing groove 26 of opening on the hydro-cylinder fixing base 15, the spliced pole 18 can block into U-shaped spacing groove 26 in, can carry out spacingly to spliced pole 18 through U-shaped spacing groove 26, and then guarantee that work piece 4 can fall into appointed station on the frame 1, guarantee that tight cylinder 2 of top and hold-down cylinder 3 press from both sides tightly work piece 4 smoothly.
The whole hydraulic testing machine in this embodiment works as follows:
step one, the tested 12 workpieces 4 are moved out of a test area by a crane; the crane is used for conveying 12 workpieces 4 to be tested to a supporting roller 5 of a test station;
step two, lifting the lifting plate 6 by the lifting oil cylinder 7 to separate the workpiece 4 from the supporting roller 5 assembly, and installing 4 weighing sensors 8 between the V-shaped block 9 of each station and the lifting plate 6; when the workpiece 4 is separated from the roller assembly, the workpiece 4 can be weighed by the weighing sensor 8, and the output value W0, W0 is the weight of the workpiece 4;
step three, the lifting oil cylinder 7 falls down to enable the workpiece 4 to fall onto the supporting roller 5 group;
Pushing the workpiece 4 to the region of the water injection sleeve 22 by the jacking cylinder 2;
Fifthly, the cylinder piston of the jacking cylinder 2 moves to enable the inner expansion spring chuck 21 to extend into the workpiece 4 and expand in the workpiece 4, the jacking cylinder 2 retracts, and the compression spring 25 ejects out to enable the inner expansion spring chuck to buckle the inner end face of the workpiece 4;
step six, enabling the O-shaped sealing ring at the front end of the water injection sleeve 22 to be tightly attached to the outer end face of the workpiece 4, so that water does not overflow during low-pressure water injection;
Step seven, opening a water injection electromagnetic valve to perform low-pressure water injection on the workpiece 4, and delaying TS to ensure that the workpiece 4 is filled with water, and discharging excessive water from a water outlet;
Step eight, lifting the lifting plate 6 by the lifting oil cylinder 7 to separate the workpiece 4 from the supporting roller 5, weighing the workpiece by the weighing sensor 8 when the workpiece is separated from the supporting roller 5, outputting a numerical value W1, calculating V=W1-W0, and outputting a volume V;
Step nine, a lifting oil cylinder 7 falls down to enable a workpiece 4 to fall onto a supporting roller 5;
Step ten, the compressing cylinder 3 pushes the workpiece 4 to move so that the left end face of the workpiece 4 clings to the end face of the positioning bowl 13;
step eleven, the cylinder piston of the compression cylinder 3 moves to enable the inner expansion spring chuck 21 to extend into the sleeve 20 and compress the inner expansion spring chuck 21, so that the inner expansion spring chuck 21 is retracted;
Step twelve, closing a water outlet valve, opening a high-pressure water injection valve to inject 35MPa of high-pressure water into the water outlet valve, and cutting off the water injection valve when the pressure reaches 35 MPa; reading the pressure P0 of each station at the moment; maintaining the pressure for 1min, and reading out the pressure P1 of each station at the moment; calculating each station pi=p0-P1; if Pi of a certain station exceeds a threshold value, reading the workpiece 4 of the station as a failed workpiece 4;
Thirteen, the compacting cylinder 3 is retracted, and the front end surface of the workpiece 4 ejected out of the positioning bowl 13 by the ejection pin 14 is used for preparing a test area for the workpiece 4.
According to the embodiment, whether the steel bottle has macroscopic deformation and leakage or not can be efficiently, quickly and accurately checked through the test method, whether the corresponding pressure gauge has pressure drop phenomenon or not is judged, and the test method has the characteristics of high accuracy and small influence of human factors and can be used as an effective basis for judging the safety and reliability of the gas bottle.
In summary, the foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the claims should be construed to fall within the scope of the invention.