CN109123854B - 一种摩擦纳米发电织物 - Google Patents

一种摩擦纳米发电织物 Download PDF

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CN109123854B
CN109123854B CN201811048981.1A CN201811048981A CN109123854B CN 109123854 B CN109123854 B CN 109123854B CN 201811048981 A CN201811048981 A CN 201811048981A CN 109123854 B CN109123854 B CN 109123854B
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黄涛
俞昊
吕莎莎
卢旭晨
俞彬
朱美芳
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种摩擦纳米发电织物，其特征在于，包括：第一导电纱线电极、第二导电纱线电极、第一导电织物、第二导电织物和非导电纱线织物；所述第一导电织物通过第一导电纱线电极相连并相互导通；所述第二导电织物通过第二导电纱线电极相连并相互导通；所述非导电纱线织物位于第一导电织物与第二导电织物之间，使得第一导电织物与第二导电织物相互隔开，并彼此绝缘。本发明适用面广，只要外界绝缘物质与两导电织物发生了相对运动，就能产生摩擦电荷，从而产生电流。本发明全部用纱线构成，具有良好的服用性能，可以完全与服装结合，用途广泛。

Description

一种摩擦纳米发电织物
技术领域
本发明属于摩擦纳米发电机技术领域，具体涉及一种摩擦纳米发电织物。
背景技术
目前，在可穿戴设备迅猛发展的形势下，如何使其独立、持久、长时间免维护连续运行等都对能源技术提出了非常迫切的需求。一般说来，这些微型电子器件的电源都是直接或者间接来自于电池。电池不仅体积较大、质量较重，而且含有的有毒化学物质对环境和人体存在潜在的危害，并且无法满足可穿戴性要求。
近年来，人们一直梦想实现一种能够织入衣服的电源技术，能够将这种能源穿在身上，从而实现将人们自身运动的能量转化为电能，来驱动随身的电子设备不间断工作。摩擦纳米发电机是一类基于摩擦起电效应和静电感应相结合的，能将机械能转化为电能的技术，用普通织物来构建摩擦纳米发电机，为开发可穿戴能源技术提供一种潜在的技术方案。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种摩擦纳米发电织物，不仅能够满足可穿戴纺织品所需的透气性和透湿性，具有良好的服用舒适性，还能将人体运动的机械能转化为电能。
为了解决上述问题，本发明提供了一种摩擦纳米发电织物，其特征在于，包括：第一导电纱线电极、第二导电纱线电极、第一导电织物、第二导电织物、非导电纱线织物；
所述第一导电织物通过第一导电纱线电极相连并相互导通；
所述第二导电织物通过第二导电纱线电极相连并相互导通；
所述非导电纱线织物位于第一导电织物与第二导电织物之间，使得第一导电织物与第二导电织物相互隔开，并彼此绝缘。
进一步地，当绝缘物质与第一导电织物和第二导电织物间摩擦时，就会产生摩擦电荷，该电荷能够在第一导电纱线电极与第二导电纱线电极之间流动，从而对外产生电流。
优选地，所述第一导电纱线电极和第二导电纱线电极的原料相互独立地包括碳纳米管纱线、石墨烯纱线、镀银聚合物纱线以及金属丝纱线中的至少一种。
优选地，所述第一导电织物和第二导电织物相互独立地为采用包括碳纳米管纱线、石墨烯纱线、镀金属聚合物纱线以及金属丝纱线中的至少一种的原料，通过针织，机织或非织造方法而制成的导电织物。
优选地，所述第一导电织物和第二导电织物的个数分别大于或等于1。
优选地，所述非导电纱线织物为采用涤纶、丙纶、氨纶、维纶、锦纶、腈纶、氯纶、黏胶纤维、玻璃纤维、棉、麻、丝以及毛中的至少一种、或其中至少两种的混纺纱线，通过针织，机织或非织造方法而制成的织物。
优选地，所述的第一导电织物和第二导电织物平铺于同一平面中，二者皆为方形并间隔设置。
本发明的工作原理：当绝缘物质与第一导电织物和第二导电织物间发生相对运动时，就会产生摩擦电荷，该电荷能够在第一导电纱线电极与第二导电纱线电极之间流动，从而对外产生电流。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果在于：
1.本发明适用面广，只要外界绝缘物质与两导电织物发生了相对运动，就能产生摩擦电荷，从而产生电流。
2.本发明全部用纱线构成，具有良好的服用性能如透气性和透湿性等，可以完全与服装结合，非常适用于收集人体运动如走路，跑步等所产生的机械能并转化为电能，不仅可以为小型电子设备供电，还可以用于构建自驱动的传感器用于人体运动模式识别等用途。
附图说明
图1为一种摩擦纳米发电织物的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例，进一步阐述本发明。应理解，这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。此外应理解，在阅读了本发明讲授的内容之后，本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改，这些等价形式同样落于本申请所附权利要求书所限定的范围。
实施例1
本实施例提供了摩擦纳米发电织物一 。
如图1所示，其具体结构包括：第一导电纱线电极1，第二导电纱线电极2，第一导电织物3、第二导电织物4以及非导电纱线织物5；第一导电织物3通过第一导电纱线电极1相连并相互导通；第二导电织物4通过第二导电纱线电极2 相连并相互导通；非导电纱线织物5位于第一导电织物3与第二导电织物4之间，使得第一导电织物3与第二导电织物4相互隔开，并彼此绝缘。
第一导电纱线电极1和第二导电纱线电极2采用碳纳米管纱线；第一导电织物3及第二导电织物4均采用镀银尼龙纱线原料通过针织方法制成的导电织物；非导电纱线织物5采用棉纱线通过针织方法制成的织物；其中第一导电织物3 和第二导电织物4宽度设定为6cm，长度设定为10cm，个数分别设定为2；非导电纱线织物5设定宽度为1cm，长度设定为10cm；以上参数均通过电脑横织机电脑程序控制。
当普通服装面料(如涤纶)与第一导电织物3、第二导电织物4间摩擦时，就会产生摩擦电荷，该电荷能够在第一导电纱线电极1与第二导电纱线电极2 之间流动，从而对外产生电流。通过吉时利2657A测得其输出电流和电压分别约15μA和600V。
实施例2
本实施例提供了摩擦纳米发电织物二 。
如图1所示，其具体结构包括：第一导电纱线电极1，第二导电纱线电极2，第一导电织物3、第二导电织物4以及非导电纱线织物5；第一导电织物3通过第一导电纱线电极1相连并相互导通；第二导电织物4通过第二导电纱线电极2 相连并相互导通；非导电纱线织物5位于第一导电织物3与第二导电织物4之间，使得第一导电织物3与第二导电织物4相互隔开，并彼此绝缘。
第一导电纱线电极1和第二导电纱线电极2采用镀银尼龙纱线；第一导电织物3及第二导电织物4均采用石墨烯纱线原料通过针织方法制成的导电织物；非导电纱线织物5采用棉纱线通过针织方法制成的织物；其中第一导电织物3和第二导电织物4宽度设定为8cm，长度设定为8cm，个数分别设定为1；非导电纱线织物5设定宽度为0.5cm，长度设定为8cm；以上参数均通过电脑横织机电脑程序控制。
当人体皮肤与第一导电织物3、第二导电织物4间摩擦时，就会产生摩擦电荷，该电荷能够在第一导电纱线电极1与第二导电纱线电极2之间流动，从而对外产生电流。通过吉时利2657A测得其输出电流和电压分别约4μA和200V。
实施例3
本实施例提供了摩擦纳米发电织物三 。
如图1所示，其具体结构包括：第一导电纱线电极1，第二导电纱线电极2，第一导电织物3、第二导电织物4以及非导电纱线织物5；第一导电织物3通过第一导电纱线电极1相连并相互导通；第二导电织物4通过第二导电纱线电极2 相连并相互导通；非导电纱线织物5位于第一导电织物3与第二导电织物4之间，使得第一导电织物3与第二导电织物4相互隔开，并彼此绝缘。
第一导电纱线电极1和第二导电纱线电极2采用石墨烯纱线；第一导电织物 3及第二导电织物4均采用石墨烯纱线原料通过机织方法制成的导电织物；非导电纱线织物5采用棉纱线，通过机织方法制成；其中第一导电织物3和第二导电织物4宽度设定为10cm，长度设定为8cm，个数分别设定为4；非导电纱线织物5设定宽度为0.5cm，长度设定为8cm；以上参数均通过电脑横织机电脑程序控制。
当普通服装面料(如氨纶)与第一导电织物3、第二导电织物4间摩擦时，就会产生摩擦电荷，该电荷能够在第一导电纱线电极1与第二导电纱线电极2 之间流动，从而对外产生电流。通过吉时利2657A测得其输出电流和电压分别约10μA和400V。

Claims (6)

1.一种摩擦纳米发电织物，其特征在于，所述纳米发电织物是由导电纤维与非导电纤维进行混编而构成的平面结构，包括：第一导电纱线电极、第二导电纱线电极、第一导电织物、第二导电织物和非导电纱线织物；
所述第一导电织物通过第一导电纱线电极相连并相互导通；
所述第二导电织物通过第二导电纱线电极相连并相互导通；
所述非导电纱线织物位于第一导电织物与第二导电织物之间，使得第一导电织物与第二导电织物相互隔开，并彼此绝缘。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种摩擦纳米发电织物，其特征在于：当绝缘物质与第一导电织物和第二导电织物间摩擦时，就会产生摩擦电荷，该电荷能够在第一导电纱线电极与第二导电纱线电极之间流动，从而对外产生电流。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种摩擦纳米发电织物，其特征在于：所述第一导电纱线电极和第二导电纱线电极的原料相互独立地包括碳纳米管纱线、石墨烯纱线、镀银聚合物纱线以及金属丝纱线中的至少一种。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种摩擦纳米发电织物，其特征在于，所述第一导电织物和第二导电织物相互独立地为采用包括碳纳米管纱线、石墨烯纱线、镀金属聚合物纱线以及金属丝纱线中的至少一种的原料，通过针织，机织或非织造方法而制成的导电织物。
5.如权利要求1-4中任一项所述的一种摩擦纳米发电织物，其特征在于，所述第一导电织物和第二导电织物的个数分别大于或等于1。
6.如权利要求1所述的一种摩擦纳米发电织物，其特征在于，所述非导电纱线织物为采用涤纶、丙纶、氨纶、维纶、锦纶、腈纶、氯纶、黏胶纤维、玻璃纤维、棉、麻、丝以及毛中的至少一种、或其中至少两种的混纺纱线，通过针织，机织或非织造方法而制成的织物。
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