CN109122856A - 一种护肝醒酒中药组合物 - Google Patents
一种护肝醒酒中药组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN109122856A CN109122856A CN201810721522.9A CN201810721522A CN109122856A CN 109122856 A CN109122856 A CN 109122856A CN 201810721522 A CN201810721522 A CN 201810721522A CN 109122856 A CN109122856 A CN 109122856A
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Abstract
本发明公布了一种护肝醒酒中药组合物,该组合物所含成分包括:赤小豆、枸杞、菊花、辣木叶等四种药食同源中药材和一种新食品原料L‑***糖。本发明的护肝醒酒组合物具有明显减轻酒精对肝脏损伤,加速酒精代谢,快速醒酒等功能。本发明采用的均是安全性高、毒副作用小的药食同源中药材或新食品原料,可以开发为普通食品、保健食品等产品。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种食品或保健品领域,尤其是涉及护肝醒酒的食品或保健品。
背景技术
饮酒是中国人的生活习惯,更是各种应酬的必须饮料;人体对酒精的分解代谢是一种正常的生理现象,在体内肝脏中乙醇脱氢酶和乙醛脱氢酶的作用下分解代谢为乙酸,最后代谢为二氧化碳和水。如果人体缺少两种酒精代谢酶或酶的活力不高,肝脏就不能及时将酒精分解掉,特别是代谢产物乙醛具有更大的毒性,造成机体功能紊乱,引起酒精中毒现象。
在酒精肝损伤的机制中,酒精及其代谢产物乙醛对肝脏、大脑及其器官的伤害是主要的;酒精中毒已经是一个世界性问题,严重影响大部分人群的身体健康。
我国古代有许多解酒良方,对各种酒精中毒症状均有相应配方。据古书籍所载,方剂多种多样,仅对《太平圣惠方》、《普济方》和《伤寒论》等统计,大大小小100多种方剂。先前国内已经开发多种醒酒或解酒产品如葛花醒解酒汤、酒仙乐、石膏汤等产品,均具有一定护肝醒酒功效。
L-***糖,又称树胶醛糖、果胶糖;是一种戊醛糖。在自然界中L-***糖很少以单糖形式存在,通常与其他单糖结合,以杂多糖的形式存在于胶质、半纤维素、果胶酸、细菌多糖及某些糖苷中。其作为一种低热量的甜味剂,已被美国食品药品监督局和日本厚生省批准列入健康食品添加剂,具代表性的生理作用是有选择性地影响小肠二糖水解酶中消化蔗糖的蔗糖酶,从而抑制蔗糖的吸收。美国医疗协会将其列入用做抗肥胖剂的营养补充剂或非处方药,在日本厚生省的特定保健用食品清单中,L-***糖被列入用于调节血糖的专用特殊保健食品添加剂。我国***在2008年5月将其列为新资源食品。L-***糖对肠道能起到良好的酸化效果,肠道酸性环境有利于双歧杆菌,乳酸菌等肠道有益菌群的生长,促进机体对钙吸收,增强机体排出有毒物的能力,抑制有害微生物增殖,从而增强人体抵抗力。
赤小豆,别名:赤豆、红饭豆、饭豆、蛋白豆、赤山豆,拉丁文名:Vigna umbellata(Thunb.)Ohwi et Ohashi是豆一年生草本。赤小豆主要用于中药材,常与红豆混用,具备利水消肿科、豇豆属,解毒排脓等功效。赤小豆含有蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物、粗纤维、钙、磷、铁、维生素B1、维生素B2、皂苷等营养成分。其营养功效:性平,味甘、酸,能利湿消肿(水肿,脚气,黄疸,泻痢,便血,痈肿)、清热退黄、解毒排脓。具有良好的润肠通便、降血压、降血脂、调节血糖、预防结石、健美减肥等作用。
辣木叶指原产于印度的多年生热带落叶乔木辣木树(又称为鼓槌树)的树叶,可食用,具有全面补充营养,提高免疫力,排毒养颜,通肠利便,减肥等功效。辣木叶粉营养丰富而全面,维生素E分别是螺旋藻和黄豆粉的70倍和40倍。辣木叶粉有降血糖、降脂、降压、抗肿瘤、抗氧化、通便、利尿、驱虫、改善睡眠等功效,长期食用可增强人体免疫功能,延缓衰老、预防疾病。印度草医学认为辣木可预防300种疾病。特别是近几年辣木受到欧美等发达国家很多研究机构和消费者的关注和热捧。
枸杞这个名称始见于中国二千多年前的《诗经》。明代的药物学家李时珍云:“枸杞,二树名。此物棘如枸之刺,茎如杞之条,故兼名之。”果实(中药称枸杞子),主要成份:枸杞子含甜菜碱(betane),阿托品(atropine),天仙子胺(gyoscyamine)。枸杞多糖是一种水溶性多糖,是枸杞中最主要的活性成分。现已有很多研究表明枸杞多糖具有促进免疫、抗衰老、抗肿瘤、清除自由基、抗疲劳、抗辐射、保肝、生殖功能保护和改善等作用。甜菜碱:化学名称为1-羧基-N,N,N-三甲氨基乙内酯,在化学结构上与氨基酸相似,属于季胺碱类物质。枸杞对脂质代谢或抗脂肪肝的作用主要是由于所含的甜菜碱引起的,它在体内起甲基供应体的作用。枸杞色素:枸杞色素是存在于枸杞浆果中的各类呈色物质,是枸杞籽的重要生理活性成分。主要包括-胡萝卜素、叶黄素和其他有色物质。枸杞所含有的类胡萝卜素则具有非常重要的药用价值。很多研究已经证明枸杞籽色素具有提高人体免疫功能、预防和抑制肿瘤及预防动脉粥样硬化等作用。
菊花(拉丁学名:Dendranthema morifolium(Ramat.)Tzvel.):在植物分类学中是菊科、菊属的多年生宿根草本植物。白菊花性辛、甘、苦,微寒。归肺、肝经。功效疏散风热,平肝明目,清热解毒。用于风热感冒,发热头痛,目赤昏花,肝肾不足,目暗昏花,眩晕惊风,治肝阳上亢,头痛眩晕,善疏风清热,清肝泻火,兼能益阴明目,故可用治肝经风热,或肝火上攻所致目赤肿痛,共奏疏风清肝明目之效;清热解毒,尤善解疔毒,故可用治疔疮肿毒。
中国专利CN101797023A公开了L-***糖作为解酒剂的应用,研究过程中发现其能够增强乙醇脱氢酶和乙醛脱氢酶的活性,加速酒精代谢过程,缓解酒精在人体内积蓄时间长造成对人体危害。
中国专利CN102058047A公开了一种由L-***糖、混合菌组成的缓解酒精肝的保健食品,创新性地将L-***糖、混合菌组合,解决了现有技术中解酒保肝保健品中解酒保肝的效果不显著问题。但该技术方案中加入混合菌,对生产工艺要求特别高,而且对产品质量要求也比较高,产品需要低温储存、保质期短,间接增加了成本。
中国专利CN201510154071公布了一种护肝醒脑的组合物,主要将L-***糖和枸杞菊花进行组合,达到护肝明目,醒脑解毒的功效,具有一定特色与优势。但其利尿功效较差,酒精及其代谢产物***不畅,会出现一些副反应。
本发明目的是在L-***糖、枸杞、菊花组合物的基础上进一步优化配方组合,增加其利湿消肿(水肿,脚气,黄疸,泻痢,便血,痈肿)、清热退黄、解毒排脓、补充营养、提高免疫力,通肠利便等功效。经过大量动物实验筛选,发现该组合物具有更佳优越的护肝醒酒功效,并且副反应较少。
发明内容
为了克服先前发明的L-***糖、枸杞、菊花组合物的不足,发明人经过大量动物实验筛选,发现了一种新的组合物,具有更好的协同作用,不仅能够提高酒精代谢酶降解酒精,还可以加速酒精及其代谢产物的***,减少酒精在体内残留时间,大大降低酒精及其代谢产物对肝脏损伤。本发明使用的原料均为新食品原料或药食同源材料,安全性好,可以长期食用。
本发明提供一种护肝醒酒的组合物,按照质量百分比,包含如下组分:L-***糖10-45%,赤小豆10-30%,辣木叶10-20%,枸杞子5-25%,菊花5-25%;
优选的,按照质量百分比计,包含如下组分:L-***糖20-40%,赤小豆20-30%,辣木叶10-20%,枸杞子10-20%,菊花10-20%;
更优选的,按照质量百分比计,包含如下组分:L-***糖30-44%,赤小豆20-25%,辣木叶15-20%,枸杞子15-20%,菊花15-20%。
本发明提供的护肝醒酒组合物,还可以加入保护胃粘膜和纠正苦味的奶粉。
优选的,所述的奶粉在组合物中的质量百分比为:0-20%,更有选为15-20%。
本发明提供的护肝醒酒组合物,还包含常用食品辅料和食品添加剂,食品辅料和添加剂所占质量百分比10-20%,优选15-20%。
本发明提供的护肝醒酒组合物,所述片剂由如下方法制备:L-***糖100-400克,赤小豆粉0-300克,辣木叶粉0-300克,枸杞子粉50-250克,菊花粉50-250克,奶粉100-200克,微晶纤维素100-200克;经混合制粒,压片机压片,制得所述片剂或压片糖果。
本发明还提供一种所述护肝醒酒组合物在制备护肝醒酒的食品或保健品中应用。
本发明中所用试剂和原料均市售可以得到。
除另外说明,本发明所述的赤小豆包括赤小豆药材、中药饮片、赤小豆粉或其提取物;所述的辣木叶包括辣木叶药材、中药饮片、辣木叶粉或其提取物;所述的枸杞包括药材、中药饮片、枸杞粉和其提取物;所述的菊花为白菊花包括白菊花药材、中药饮片、白菊花粉及其提取物。
本发明的积极进步效果在于:本发明提供的护肝醒酒组合物不仅有理性设计,还有大量动物实验筛选数据,证明其协同作用效果良好;不仅药材为食品原料,安全性好,配方也比较简单,易于质量控制,关键是能够达到更加的解酒护肝效果。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例进一步说明本发明,但并不因此仅发明限制在实施例范围内,下面实施例中未注明实验方法的均为常规实验方法,按照商品说明书操作。
护肝醒酒中药组合物的实施例:
表1实施例1-7的处方
实施例1
称取L-***糖100克、赤小豆300克、辣木叶100克、枸杞100克、菊花100克、奶粉200克和微晶纤维素100克,分别过40目筛,将上述物料加入质粒锅混合均匀。用胶囊填充剂灌封0号胶囊,即制成胶囊剂。
实施例2
称取L-***糖200克、赤小豆300克、辣木叶100克、枸杞150克、菊花50克、奶粉100克和微晶纤维素100克,分别过40目筛,将上述物料加入质粒锅混合均匀。铝箔袋分装即得固体饮料。
实施例3
称取L-***糖300克、赤小豆200克、辣木叶100克、枸杞100克、菊花100克、奶粉100克和微晶纤维素100克,分别过40目筛,将上述物料加入质粒锅混合均匀。铝箔袋分装即得固体饮料。
实施例4
称取L-***糖200克、赤小豆100克、辣木叶200克、枸杞50克、菊花200克、奶粉100克和微晶纤维素150克,分别过40目筛,将上述物料加入质粒锅混合均匀。经压片机压片即得片剂。
实施例5
称取L-***糖400克、赤小豆100克、辣木叶100克、枸杞250克、菊花50克、奶粉0克和微晶纤维素100克,分别过40目筛,将上述物料加入质粒锅混合均匀。经压片机大号模具压片即得压片糖果。
实施例6
称取L-***糖400克、赤小豆100克、辣木叶100克、枸杞250克、菊花50克、奶粉0克和微晶纤维素100克,分别过40目筛,将上述物料加入质粒锅混合均匀。经压片机大号模具压片即得压片糖果。
实施例7
称取L-***糖400克、赤小豆0克、辣木叶0克、枸杞150克、菊花150克、奶粉100克和微晶纤维素200克,分别过40目筛,将上述物料加入质粒锅混合均匀。经压片机大号模具压片即得压片糖果。
实施例8:护肝醒酒效果试验
以下通过小鼠试验,对实施例1-7的样品进行护肝醒酒效果进行评价,
药物与试剂
L-***糖,无水乙醇(分析纯,国药集团化学试剂有限公司),均从市场上购买。
受试组合物,按照实施例1-7分别制备
实验动物:
ICR小鼠,动物级别:清洁级,由上海西普尔-必凯实验动物有限公司提供
剂量设计及给药溶液配制:
对照组:称取L-***糖0.95克,加蒸馏水配制成7.5ml水溶液
给药组1:称取实施例1组混合物0.95克,加蒸馏水配制成7.5ml溶液
给药组2:称取实施例2组混合物0.95克,加蒸馏水配制成7.5ml溶液
给药组3:称取实施例3组混合物0.95克,加蒸馏水配制成7.5ml溶液
给药组4:称取实施例4组混合物0.95克,加蒸馏水配制成7.5ml溶液
给药组5:称取实施例5组混合物0.95克,加蒸馏水配制成7.5ml溶液
给药组6:称取实施例6组混合物0.95克,加蒸馏水配制成7.5ml溶液
给药组7:称取实施例7组混合物0.95克,加蒸馏水配制成7.5ml溶液
取体重19-20克的雄性ICR小鼠90只,随机分9组,每组10只,分别为模型组、对照组、给药1-7组。小鼠禁食不禁水12小时后,模型组灌胃蒸馏水,其他组给予相应药液,灌胃体积0.2ml/10克。30分钟后,各组小鼠灌胃50%乙醇溶液(0.16ml/10克)。记录小鼠给酒后到出现翻正反射消失(即醉酒时间);翻正反射恢复(醒酒时间),比较各组小鼠醉酒与醒酒情况。
表2不同处方小鼠醉酒与醒酒情况
组别 | 动物数(只) | 醉酒时间(min) | 醒酒时间(min) |
模型组 | 10 | 14.85±12.56 | 280.00±30.75 |
对照组 | 10 | 19.35±14.51 | 235.12±35.35 |
给药1组 | 10 | 28.25±14.16 | 201.10±25.15 |
给药2组 | 10 | 31.35±13.52 | 197.05±12.34 |
给药3组 | 10 | 32.85±17.32 | 185.12±18.24 |
给药4组 | 10 | 35.85±14.22 | 180.00±24.14 |
给药5组 | 10 | 39.26±13.56 | 177.15±22.25 |
给药6组 | 10 | 42.45±16.26 | 170.12±19.35 |
给药7组 | 10 | 27.45±11.36 | 210.00±25.71 |
根据以上实验数据可以看出,给药1-7组对乙醇引起的肝损伤有一定程度保护作用,缩短醒酒时间,具有醒酒功能;1-6组均比较L-***糖对照组效果好,也比较L-***糖、枸杞菊花组效果好。因此,新的中药组合物具有更佳的护肝醒酒功能。
Claims (9)
1.一种护肝醒酒组合物,其特征在于,按照质量百分比,包含如下成分:L-***糖10-45%,赤小豆10-30%,辣木叶10-30%,枸杞子5-25%,菊花5-25%。
2.如权利要求1所述护肝醒酒组合物,按照质量百分比,包含如下成分:L-***糖20-40%,赤小豆20-30%,辣木叶10-20%,枸杞子10-20%,菊花10-20%。
3.如权利要求1所述的护肝醒酒组合物,按照质量百分比,包含如下成分:L-***糖30-40%,赤小豆20-25%,辣木叶15-20%,枸杞子15-20%,菊花15-20%。
4.如权利要求1-3任一所述的护肝醒酒组合物,其特征在于还含有奶粉,按照质量百分比,包含0-20%,优选15-20%。
5.如权利要求1-4任一所述护肝醒酒组合物,其特征在于还含有食品辅料或食品添加剂。
6.如权利要求1-5任一所述护肝醒酒组合物,其特征在于所含食品辅料或食品添加剂所占质量百分比10-20%,优选15-20%。
7.一种采用权利要求1-6中任一所述的组合物为原料制成的护肝醒酒的食品或保健食品。
8.如权利要求7所述的食品或保健食品,所述食品或保健食品可以是固体饮料、片剂、胶囊或压片糖果。
9.如权利要求8所述的食品或保健食品,所述片剂或压片糖果由如下方法制备:L-***糖100-400克,赤小豆粉100-300克,辣木叶粉100-300克,枸杞子粉50-250克,菊花粉50-250克,奶粉0-200克,微晶纤维素100-200克;经混合制粒,压片机压片,制得所述片剂或压片糖果。
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