CN109122645B

CN109122645B - Automatic leveling spray lance system of high-clearance plant protection machine

Info

Publication number: CN109122645B
Application number: CN201811285469.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 石毅新; 蒋蘋; 卢向阳; 董承泉; 胡文武; 罗亚辉; 王奕
Original assignee: Hunan Agricultural University
Current assignee: Hunan Agricultural University
Priority date: 2018-10-31
Filing date: 2018-10-31
Publication date: 2023-08-22
Anticipated expiration: 2038-10-31
Also published as: CN109122645A

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic leveling spray rod system of a high-clearance plant protection machine, which comprises a spray rod and spray rod leveling devices, wherein the spray rod comprises a main spray rod and auxiliary spray rods positioned at two sides of the main spray rod, the main spray rod and the auxiliary spray rods at two sides form a three-section truss structure, the number of the spray rod leveling devices is two, the main spray rod is respectively connected with the auxiliary spray rods in a hinged mode through the spray rod leveling devices, and the spray rod leveling devices adjust the relative angle change between the two auxiliary spray rods and the main spray rod so as to realize the leveling of the auxiliary spray rod relative to the ground. The invention adopts a three-section truss structure, can conveniently level the spray rod in sections according to the condition of the bottom surface, can ensure that the spray rod can level in real time, and has quick leveling and good leveling effect.

Description

Automatic leveling spray lance system of high-clearance plant protection machine

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to an automatic leveling spray rod system of a high-clearance plant protection machine.

Background

Rice is the major food crop in the world and is widely planted worldwide. The Chinese is the country where the rice is originally produced, and is the origin of the hybrid rice, and the successful development of the hybrid rice makes great contribution to solving the problem of the world grain safety. At present, the rice production in China has basically realized mechanization in most technical links such as mechanical farmland preparation, mechanical direct seeding and mechanical transplanting, mechanical harvesting, grain drying machines and the like. However, the automatic leveling spray rod system for leveling high-clearance plant protection, which is influenced by the traditional agricultural cultivation habit of China, the deep mud foot of a southern paddy field, small field, large height difference, difficult field transportation and the like, is still not good in scheme at present and is specially used for field ground plant protection operation, especially for complex operation environment, and can ensure stable machine operation and stable operation effect.

At present, the design of the spray boom of the existing plant protection machine in China is not scientific enough, when the working place is uneven, the spray boom cannot automatically adjust balance, so that the damage and poor spraying effect of the spray boom are often caused, and the operation quality is seriously influenced. Along with the development of plant protection machinery technology, the spraying width of a spraying machine reaches more than 40 meters, the weight of a spraying rod, the weight of a spray head, the weight of liquid medicine and the influence of the weight of a liquid medicine pipe are added, when the spraying machine passes through a complex operation site, the spraying rod can shake, the spraying rod can repeatedly receive the action of alternating load, deformation or breakage can occur in a certain period, the reliability of the machine is influenced, even if the small angle of the spraying machine shakes, the tail end of the spraying rod can possibly touch crops and the ground, the crops are damaged or the spray head is damaged, accurate spraying cannot be realized, and the leveling of the spraying rod during operation is crucial for the efficient and reliable operation of the plant protection machine.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides an automatic leveling spray rod system of a high-clearance plant protection machine, which adopts a three-section truss structure, can conveniently level the spray rod in sections according to the condition of the bottom surface, can ensure that the spray rod can level in real time, and has quick leveling and good leveling effect.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: the utility model provides an automatic leveling spray lance system of high ground clearance plant protection machine, includes spray lance and spray lance levelling device, the spray lance includes main spray lance and the vice spray lance that is located main spray lance both sides, and main spray lance and the vice spray lance of both sides form three-section truss-like structure, the quantity of spray lance levelling device is two, main spray lance is connected with vice spray lance in articulated mode through spray lance levelling device respectively, two vice spray lance and the relative angle change of main spray lance are adjusted in order to realize vice spray lance leveling relative ground.

As a further improvement of the above technical scheme: the spray rod leveling device comprises a box body, a leveling gear mechanism arranged in the box body, a telescopic push rod, an adjusting limiting block, an adjusting guide limiting plate and an electromagnetic moving mechanism, wherein the telescopic push rod, the adjusting limiting block, the adjusting guide limiting plate and the electromagnetic moving mechanism are arranged outside the box body; the electromagnetic moving mechanism comprises an electromagnetic valve, an electromagnetic valve mounting base welded with the auxiliary spray boom and a semicircular mounting base welded with the driven shaft.

Further, the leveling gear mechanism comprises an intermediate shaft, an intermediate gear arranged at the end part of the intermediate shaft, a driven gear arranged at the end part of the driven shaft, a leveling motor and a driving gear connected with the leveling motor, wherein the driving gear is always in a meshed state with the intermediate gear, the driven shaft is powered on and powered off through an electromagnetic valve in the electromagnetic moving mechanism to drive a semicircular mounting seat to move, the semicircular mounting seat moves to drive a welded driven shaft to move, and when the driven shaft is connected with a secondary spray rod, the intermediate gear is meshed with the driven gear; the middle shaft is assembled in three sections, the adjusting limiting block and the middle gear are respectively arranged at two ends of the middle shaft, the middle section of the middle shaft is hinged with the telescopic push rod and is connected with the auxiliary spray rod through a round bearing, the middle section of the middle shaft is connected with the main spray rod through a fixing plate, and a bearing for the middle shaft to pass through and rotate is arranged on the fixing plate.

Further, the adjusting limiting block is of an oval structure, the guiding limiting groove comprises a rectangular groove used for adjusting the sliding of the limiting block and a plurality of oval grooves used for fixedly adjusting the position of the limiting block, the rectangular groove is perpendicular to the oval grooves, the oval grooves are uniformly arranged along the rectangular grooves, and the number of the oval grooves is not less than three.

Further, the adjusting guide limiting plate is of an arc-shaped structure, and one end of the adjusting guide limiting plate is welded with the main spray rod.

Further, the two auxiliary spray bars have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the main spray bar.

Further, the main spray boom is arranged on a plant protection machine frame with an automatic leveling function.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

1. the spray rod adopts a three-section truss structure, so that the spray rod can be conveniently leveled in sections according to the bottom surface condition, the spray rod can be guaranteed to be leveled in real time, the leveling is rapid, and the leveling effect is good;

2. the real-time leveling device adopted by the spray boom can effectively reduce vibration of the spray boom, and stability in the operation process of the plant protection machine is improved;

3. the auxiliary spray boom in the spray boom is adjusted in real time, so that the auxiliary spray boom is suitable for growth vigor of different crops, the spraying amount is ensured to the greatest extent on the crops, damage to the crops and a spray head is reduced, environmental pollution is reduced, and the spraying efficiency is improved;

4. the real-time leveling device adopted by the spray boom has the advantages of simple structure, easy manufacture, simple operation and low cost.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a boom leveling apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a front view of the boom leveling apparatus of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the electromagnetic moving mechanism of the present invention.

Legend description:

21. a spray bar; 211. a main spray bar; 212. a secondary spray rod; 22. a spray rod leveling device; 221. a case; 222. leveling the gear mechanism; 2221. an intermediate shaft; 2222. an intermediate gear; 2223. a driven shaft; 2224. a driven gear; 2225. leveling the motor; 2226. a drive gear; 2227. a fixing plate; 223. a telescopic push rod; 224. adjusting a limiting block; 225. adjusting the guide limiting plate; 2251. a guide limit groove; 22511. rectangular grooves; 22512. an elliptical groove; 226. an electromagnetic moving mechanism; 2261. a solenoid valve installation base; 2262. an electromagnetic valve; 2263. a semicircular mounting seat.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which preferred embodiments are shown, for the purpose of illustrating the invention, but the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments shown.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, an automatic leveling spray rod system of a high-clearance plant protection machine comprises a spray rod 21 and spray rod leveling devices 22, wherein the spray rod 21 comprises a main spray rod 211 and auxiliary spray rods 212 positioned on two sides of the main spray rod 211, the main spray rod 211 and the auxiliary spray rods 212 on two sides form a three-section truss structure, the number of the spray rod leveling devices 22 is two, the main spray rod 211 is respectively connected with the auxiliary spray rods 212 in a hinged mode through the spray rod leveling devices 22, and the spray rod leveling devices 22 adjust relative angle changes between the two auxiliary spray rods 212 and the main spray rod 211 so as to realize the relative ground leveling of the auxiliary spray rods 212.

In this embodiment, the spray rod leveling device 22 includes a box 221, a leveling gear mechanism 222 installed in the box 221, and a telescopic push rod 223, an adjusting limiting block 224, an adjusting guiding limiting plate 225, and an electromagnetic moving mechanism 226 installed outside the box 221, wherein a guiding limiting groove 2251 used in cooperation with the adjusting limiting block 224 is provided on the adjusting guiding limiting plate 225, one end of the telescopic push rod 223 is fixed on the main spray rod 211, the other end is hinged with the middle part of the leveling gear mechanism 222 through a circular bearing, and the adjusting limiting block 224 is fixed at the end of the leveling gear mechanism 222 and passes through the guiding limiting groove 2251; the electromagnetic moving mechanism 226 includes a solenoid valve 2262, a solenoid valve mounting base 2261 welded to the secondary boom 212, and a semicircular mounting base 2263 welded to the driven shaft 2223.

In this embodiment, the leveling gear mechanism 222 includes an intermediate shaft 2221, an intermediate gear 2222 mounted at an end of the intermediate shaft 2221, a driven shaft 2223, a driven gear 2224 mounted at an end of the driven shaft 2223, a leveling motor 2225, and a driving gear 2226 connected to the leveling motor 2225, the driving gear 2226 and the intermediate gear 2222 are always in a meshed state, the driven shaft 2223 is powered on and powered off through a solenoid valve 2262 in the electromagnetic moving mechanism 226 to drive a semicircular mounting seat 2263 to move, the semicircular mounting seat 2263 moves to drive the welded driven shaft 2223 to move, and when the driven shaft 2223 is connected to the secondary spray rod 212, the intermediate gear 2222 is meshed with the driven gear 2224; the intermediate shaft 2221 is assembled in three sections, the adjusting limiting block 224 and the intermediate gear 2222 are respectively arranged at two ends of the intermediate shaft 2221, the middle section of the intermediate shaft 2221 is respectively hinged with the telescopic push rod 223 and is connected with the auxiliary spray rod 212 through a round bearing, the middle section of the intermediate shaft 2221 is connected with the main spray rod 211 through a fixing plate 2227, and a bearing for the intermediate shaft 2221 to pass through and rotate is arranged on the fixing plate 2227.

In this embodiment, the adjusting stopper 224 has an oval structure, the guiding and limiting groove 2251 includes a rectangular groove 22511 for sliding the adjusting stopper 224 and a plurality of oval grooves 22512 for fixing the position of the adjusting stopper 224, the rectangular groove 22511 is perpendicular to the oval grooves 22512, the oval grooves 22512 are uniformly arranged along the rectangular groove 22511, and the number of the oval grooves 22512 is not less than three.

In this embodiment, the adjusting guide limiting plate 225 has an arc structure, and one end of the adjusting guide limiting plate 225 is welded with the main spray rod 211.

In this embodiment, the two sub-spray bars 212 have the same structure and are symmetrically installed at both sides of the main spray bar 211.

In this embodiment, the main boom 211 is mounted on a plant protection frame with an auto leveling function.

The specific working principle of this embodiment is as follows: because the spray rod system is installed on the frame plate, the frame plate can realize real-time active and passive leveling of the frame plate and the ground according to four self-adaptive walking leveling mechanisms, on the basis, the space position of the middle main spray rod 211 of the automatic leveling spray rod system 2 installed at the end part of the frame 1 is basically leveled with the ground, and at the moment, the whole automatic leveling spray rod system 2 needs to be adjusted to be the left side auxiliary spray rod 212 and the right side auxiliary spray rod 212 which are influenced by operation parameters and motion parameters, so the spray rod leveling device 22 in the embodiment realizes the real-time adjustment of the auxiliary spray rod 212 during operation by adjusting the longitudinal arrangement angles of the connecting shafts of the main spray rod 211 and the auxiliary spray rod 212 and the main spray rod 211.

Firstly, one end of the telescopic push rod 223 is fixed on the main spray rod 211, the other end of the telescopic push rod 223 is hinged with the upper end of the intermediate shaft 2221 in a ball head mode, the telescopic push rod 223 stretches and contracts to drive the intermediate shaft 2221 to swing around an upper end hinge point, so that angle change is achieved, meanwhile, in order to ensure the fixation and locking of a deflection angle, the leveling motor 2225 is utilized to drive the driving gear 2226 to rotate, the power transmitted by the driving gear 2226 drives the adjusting limiting block 224 at the lower end of the intermediate shaft 2221 to rotate, when the adjusting limiting block 224 moves to a corresponding groove position in the guiding limiting groove 2251, the adjusting limiting block 224 is matched with the corresponding groove position, the leveling motor 2225 stops rotating, and the position of the intermediate shaft 2221 is fixed. The leveling motor 2225 just corresponds to the moving direction of the adjusting limiting block 224 and the guiding limiting groove 2251, and simultaneously carries out linkage control with the telescopic push rod 223, when the adjusting limiting block 224 reaches the fixed groove position, the adjusting limiting block 224 triggers a groove bottom switch, so that the leveling motor 2225 stops rotating, and simultaneously, the telescopic push rod 223 is controlled to be static and self-locking, and the position fixing of the deflection angle is realized. If readjustment is needed, the telescopic push rod 223 is contacted and stationary, meanwhile, the leveling motor 2225 rotates, the adjusting limiting block 224 is vertical to the corresponding slot position in the guiding limit slot 2251, at this time, the telescopic push rod 223 is pushed again, the lower end of the intermediate shaft 2221 can freely move in the rectangular slot 22511, when the lower end of the intermediate shaft moves to a preset deflection angle, the leveling motor 2225 rotates to drive the adjusting limiting block 224 by using the intermediate gear 2222, so that the adjusting limiting block 224 is matched with the guiding limit slot 2251, and the adjustment of the deflection angle is realized, thereby realizing the relative angle change of the main spray rod 211 and the auxiliary spray rod 212. And the left end and the right end of the main spray rod 211 are respectively provided with a spray rod leveling device 22, so that the real-time angle adjustment of the two auxiliary spray rods 212 relative to the main spray rod 211 can be realized, and the leveling of the spray rods 21 can be realized.

In addition, the driven gear 2224 of gear drive can be used for stretching and folding the spray rod 21, the driven shaft 2223 can move inside and outside relative to the installation position of the auxiliary spray rod 212, when the spray rod 21 needs to stretch and does not need to be folded, the driven shaft 2223 moves towards the direction of the auxiliary spray rod 212, the rotation of the adjusting leveling motor 2225 can not be transmitted to the auxiliary spray rod 212, if the spray rod 21 needs to be folded, the driven shaft 2223 moves towards the direction of the main spray rod 211, at the moment, the rotation of the leveling motor 2225 acts on the driven shaft 2223 through gear drive, the auxiliary spray rod 212 is driven to stretch and fold, after the driven shaft 2223 moves towards the direction of the auxiliary spray rod 212 to be fixed, the power is cut off, and stretching and folding actions of the auxiliary spray rod 212 are completed.

Claims

1. An automatic leveling spray lance system of a high-clearance plant protection machine, which is characterized in that: the automatic leveling device comprises a spray boom (21) and spray boom leveling devices (22), wherein the spray boom (21) comprises a main spray boom (211) and auxiliary spray booms (212) positioned on two sides of the main spray boom (211), the main spray boom (211) and the auxiliary spray booms (212) on two sides form a three-section truss structure, the number of the spray boom leveling devices (22) is two, the spray boom leveling devices (22) comprise a box body (221), leveling gear mechanisms (222) arranged in the box body (221) and telescopic push rods (223), adjusting limiting blocks (224), adjusting guide limiting plates (225) and electromagnetic moving mechanisms (226) arranged outside the box body (221), guide limiting grooves (2251) matched with the adjusting limiting blocks (224) are formed in the adjusting guide limiting plates (225), one ends of the telescopic push rods (223) are fixed on the main spray boom (211), and the other ends of the telescopic push rods are hinged with the middle parts of the leveling gear mechanisms (222) through round bearings, and the adjusting limiting blocks (224) are fixed at the tail ends of the leveling gear mechanisms (222) and penetrate through the guide limiting grooves (2251); the electromagnetic moving mechanism (226) comprises an electromagnetic valve (2262), an electromagnetic valve mounting base (2261) welded with the auxiliary spray rod (212) and a semicircular mounting base (2263) welded with the driven shaft (2223), the leveling gear mechanism (222) comprises an intermediate shaft (2221), an intermediate gear (2222) arranged at the end part of the intermediate shaft (2221), a driven shaft (2223), a driven gear (2224) arranged at the end part of the driven shaft (2223), a leveling motor (2225) and a driving gear (2226) connected with the leveling motor (2225), the driving gear (2226) and the intermediate gear (2222) are always in an engaged state, the semicircular mounting base (2263) is driven to move by switching on and switching off of the electromagnetic valve (2262) in the electromagnetic moving mechanism (226), the semicircular mounting base (2263) moves to drive the welded driven shaft (2223) to move, and when the driven shaft (2223) is connected with the auxiliary spray rod (212), the intermediate gear (2222) is meshed with the driven gear (2224); the auxiliary spraying device is characterized in that the intermediate shaft (2221) is assembled in three sections, the adjusting limiting block (224) and the intermediate gear (2222) are respectively arranged at two ends of the intermediate shaft (2221), the middle section of the intermediate shaft (2221) is hinged to the telescopic push rod (223) and connected to the auxiliary spraying rod (212) through round bearings, the middle section of the intermediate shaft (2221) is connected to the main spraying rod (211) through a fixing plate (2227), a bearing for the intermediate shaft (2221) to penetrate through and rotate is arranged on the fixing plate (2227), the main spraying rod (211) is connected with the auxiliary spraying rod (212) in a hinged mode through a spraying rod leveling device (22), and the two auxiliary spraying rods (212) are adjusted to be in relative angle change with the main spraying rod (211) so as to realize relative ground leveling of the auxiliary spraying rod (212).

2. The self-leveling boom system for a high-clearance plant protection machine of claim 1, wherein: the adjusting limiting block (224) is of an oval structure, the guiding limiting groove (2251) comprises a rectangular groove (22511) used for adjusting the sliding of the limiting block (224) and a plurality of oval grooves (22512) used for fixing the position of the adjusting limiting block (224), the rectangular groove (22511) is perpendicular to the oval grooves (22512), the oval grooves (22512) are uniformly arranged along the rectangular groove (22511), and the number of the oval grooves (22512) is not less than three.

3. The self-leveling boom system of a high-clearance plant protection machine of claim 2, wherein: the adjusting guide limiting plate (225) is of an arc-shaped structure, and one end of the adjusting guide limiting plate (225) is welded with the main spray rod (211).

4. A self-leveling spray bar system of a high clearance plant protection machine as recited in claim 3, wherein: the two auxiliary spray bars (212) have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the main spray bar (211).

5. The self-leveling boom system for a high-clearance plant protection machine of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the main spray rod (211) is arranged on a plant protection machine frame with an automatic leveling function.