CN109119626A - A kind of self-supporting lithium sulfur battery anode material carbon base body and preparation method - Google Patents
A kind of self-supporting lithium sulfur battery anode material carbon base body and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
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- H01M4/624—Electric conductive fillers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
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- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of self-supporting lithium sulfur battery anode material carbon base body and preparation method, the positive electrode carbon base body is containing addition carbon nanotube colloidal solution in chain organic matter/copper colloid particle solution system, form copper oxide/carbon nano-tube compound film material, add in trimesic acid solution impregnate reaction, last vacuum heating treatment, pickling and be made.Carbon base body provided by the invention has excellent stability and toughness, there are preferable absorption and dispersibility for element sulphur, the dispersion and expansion issues of the sulphur in traditional carbon base body can effectively be solved, the carrier mobility that anode can be improved simultaneously, can effectively facilitate the electric property and cyclical stability of lithium-sulfur cell.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to lithium-sulfur cell technical fields, more particularly to a kind of self-supporting lithium sulfur battery anode material carbon base body
And preparation method.
Background technique
Lithium-sulfur cell is as a kind of very promising high-energy chemistry power supply, with electric car and portable electronic device
Development, show higher theoretical specific capacity and theoretical specific energy, therefore widely paid close attention to by people.In addition, elemental sulfur
Storage capacity is abundant, cheap, environmental-friendly, is most potential battery system in current high energy density cells field
One of.
However, lithium-sulfur cell equally has many problems: (1) sulphur and sulfide electronic conductance and ionic conductivity are lower,
It is unfavorable for the big multiplying power discharging of battery;(2) sulphur anode is larger in volume change rear in conjunction with lithium, and the 80% of reachable total volume, for
It is larger with the compound influence of collection ear and collector;(3) interphase of more lithium sulfides such as Li2S6、Li2S8Deng dissolving in the electrolytic solution
Spend it is larger, can shuttle with electrolyte to cathode of lithium side, cause the irreversible loss of sulphur anode, influence discharging efficiency and use the longevity
Life.
To solve above-mentioned these problems, in recent years, mainly by studying and preparing composite positive pole, main at present point
Sulphur/conducting polymer composite material, sulphur/metal oxide composite, vulcanize lithium electrode material for four classes: sulphur/carbon composite
Material.Wherein, using conductive carbon material as the carrier of sulphur and the sulphur carbon composite anode material of conducting matrix grain, by regulating and controlling carbon material
Structure prepare the composite material with different structure to improve the active material utilization and cycle performance of lithium-sulfur cell, at
For research hotspot in recent years.
Chinese invention patent application number 201410748849.7 discloses a kind of lithium-sulfur cell porous carbon membranes and its in lithium
Application in sulphur battery, with the mixture of organic polymer resin, organic polymer resin and inorganic nano-particle, organic high score
The mixture of the mixture or organic polymer resin of subtree rouge and organic coordination compound and powder carbon material is raw material, preparation and
At organic film or organic-inorganic composite membrane, by pre-oxidation, temperature programming carbonization, etching template, obtained porous carbon membranes.In
Carbon fiber/sulphur that state application number of invention patent 201310426664.X discloses a kind of surface modification cellular carbon structure is compound just
Pole material and preparation method thereof, the composite positive pole by surface modification cellular carbon structure carbon fiber and elemental sulfur it is compound and
It is to first pass through solvent-thermal method to prepare metal organic frame cladding carbon fiber composite at, preparation method, then after high temperature carbonization, and
Sulphur is compound to be obtained;Preparation method is simple, and the raw material of use is cheap.
In order to improve lithium-sulfur cell carbon sulphur positive electrode preparation process, improve dispersibility of the sulphur in carbon, effectively control
The expansion of overall volume caused by sulphur atom processed, it is necessary to propose a kind of novel lithium sulfur battery anode material carbon base body, and then improve
The cyclical stability of lithium-sulfur cell.
Summary of the invention
The shortcomings that there are carbon-sulphur to be unevenly distributed for existing lithium sulfur battery anode material, is difficult to control volume expansion, this
Invention proposes a kind of self-supporting lithium sulfur battery anode material carbon base body and preparation method, to improve point of the sulphur in carbon base body
Property is dissipated, and stability is good, is not easy to expand, circulating battery stability obtained is good.
To solve the above problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of self-supporting lithium sulfur battery anode material carbon base body, the positive electrode carbon base body are to contain chain organic matter/copper
Carbon nanotube colloidal solution is added in the solution system of colloidal solid, forms copper oxide/carbon nano-tube compound film material, adds
In benzenetricarboxylic acid solution impregnate reaction, last vacuum heating treatment, pickling and be made.
Preferably, the chain organic matter is ethylaminoethanol, and the replacement of chain macromolecule can be used, and such as polyvinyl alcohol gathers
The combination of one or more of amide, polyimides, polyurethane.
Preferably, the concentration of the trimesic acid solution is 2-5%, other can be used in the trimesic acid can carbon
The aromatic series for turning to agraphitic carbon replaces.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of self-supporting lithium sulfur battery anode material carbon base body, specific preparation methods
It is as follows:
(1) copper nitrate is dissolved in mass concentration is to add complexing agent, still aging 6- in 20-40% chain organic solution
After 10h, obtain containing chain organic matter/copper colloid particle solution system;
(2) the carbon nanotube colloidal solution that mass concentration is the surface 10-30% oxygen activation is added into solution system, is uniformly mixed
Suspension is formed, is placed in electrostatic field, the two mutually absorption is made by statcoulomb power, is used after still aging 14-18h organic
Membrane filtration, then the colloidal solid that filtering is obtained, in organic film surface levelling, low-temperature setting simultaneously removes organic matter, is aoxidized
Copper/carbon nano-tube compound film material;
(3) copper oxide/carbon nano-tube film is added in trimesic acid solution and is impregnated, sufficiently taken out drying after reaction, obtain
Benzenetricarboxylic acid copper/carbon nano-tube compound film;
(4) composite membrane is placed in vacuum drying oven, being divided into two stages is handled, and the first stage handles 3- at 150-160 DEG C
3.5h removes the crystallization water inside membrane material, and second stage handles 3-3.5h at 900-910 DEG C, and trimesic acid copper is made to be carbonized
Porous agraphitic carbon is formed, is finally washed repeatedly using dilute nitric acid solution, is removed the metallic copper of precipitation, obtain porous agraphitic carbon
It is piled into perforated membrane, and is connected with each other agraphitic carbon particle by carbon nanotube, as self-supporting lithium sulfur battery anode material
Carbon base body.
Preferably, copper nitrate described in step (1) can be replaced with other transition metal, can be ferric nitrate, zinc nitrate, nitre
The combination of one or more of sour manganese, nickel nitrate, cobalt nitrate, silver nitrate.
Preferably, complexing agent described in step (1) is sodium ammonium triacetate, disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate, diethylenetriamine five
The combination of one or more of five sodium of carboxylic acid, ethylenediamine tetraacetic methene sodium phosphate.
Preferably, in solution system described in step (1), chain organic solution, copper nitrate, complexing agent mass ratio
For 100:30-50:3-6.
Preferably, organic film described in step (2) be teflon membrane filter, polyethersulfone membranes, the fine filter membrane of polypropylene,
One of polystyrene filter membrane.
Preferably, in suspension described in step (2), solution system, carbon nanotube colloidal solution mass ratio be
100:50-80。
Preferably, the mass concentration of dilute nitric acid solution described in step (4) is 8-15%, and washing times are 6-10 times.
The sulphur carbon positive electrode of existing lithium-sulfur cell, there are sulphur content to dissipate unevenness, and volume expansion easily occurs for positive electrode
Defect limits its application.In consideration of it, the present invention proposes a kind of self-supporting lithium sulfur battery anode material carbon base body and preparation side
Copper nitrate is dissolved in aminoethanol solution by method, after addition complexing agent/flocculant is still aging, obtains chain organic matter/copper
Colloidal solid, backward solution system in be added surface oxygen activation carbon nanotube colloidal solution, formed suspension, pass through electrostatic
Coulomb force makes the two mutually absorption, is filtered after sufficient standing ageing using organic film, and the colloidal solid for filtering acquisition is being had
Low-temperature setting and organic matter is removed after machine film surface levelling, obtains copper oxide/carbon nano-tube compound film material, be subsequently added into equal benzene three
Impregnated in formic acid solution, sufficiently obtain trimesic acid copper/carbon nano-tube compound film after reaction, be placed in vacuum drying oven and carry out
It handles twice, after the former removes the crystallization water inside membrane material, the latter makes trimesic acid copper be carbonized to form porous agraphitic carbon, most
It is washed repeatedly using dilute nitric acid solution afterwards, removes the metallic copper of precipitation, obtain required self-supporting lithium sulfur battery anode material carbon
Matrix.Carbon base body provided by the invention has excellent stability and toughness, has preferable absorption and dispersion energy for element sulphur
Power, can effectively solve the dispersion and expansion issues of the sulphur in traditional carbon base body, while the carrier mobility of anode can be improved
Rate can effectively facilitate the electric property and cyclical stability of lithium-sulfur cell.
The present invention proposes a kind of self-supporting lithium sulfur battery anode material carbon base body and preparation method, compared with prior art,
Its feature protruded and excellent effect are:
1, load matrix of the laminated film prepared by the present invention as sulphur, has excellent stability and toughness, for sulphur member
It is known as preferable absorption and dispersibility, can effectively solve the dispersion and expansion issues of the sulphur in traditional carbon base body.
2, carbon base body prepared by the present invention is interconnected to form three-dimensional by carbon nanotube between porous agraphitic carbon particle and leads
Electric network further increases the carrier mobility of anode.
3, carbon base body produced by the present invention can effectively facilitate the electric property and cyclical stability of lithium-sulfur cell, before
Jing Hao.
Specific embodiment
In the following, the present invention will be further described in detail by way of specific embodiments, but this should not be interpreted as to the present invention
Range be only limitted to example below.Without departing from the idea of the above method of the present invention, according to ordinary skill
The various replacements or change that knowledge and customary means are made, should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
(1) copper nitrate is dissolved in mass concentration is to add complexing agent in 27% chain organic solution, after still aging 9h,
It obtains containing chain organic matter/copper colloid particle solution system;Chain organic matter is ethylaminoethanol;Copper nitrate can use nitric acid
Iron replaces;Complexing agent is sodium ammonium triacetate;In solution system, chain organic solution, copper nitrate, complexing agent mass ratio be
100:39:5;
(2) the carbon nanotube colloidal solution that mass concentration is 22% surface oxygen activation is added into solution system, is uniformly mixed and is formed
Suspension is placed in electrostatic field, is made the two mutually absorption by statcoulomb power, is used organic film mistake after still aging 17h
Filter, then the colloidal solid that filtering is obtained, in organic film surface levelling, low-temperature setting simultaneously removes organic matter, obtains copper oxide/carbon
Nanometer tube composite film material;Organic film is teflon membrane filter;In suspension, solution system, carbon nanotube colloidal solution
Mass ratio is 100:70;
(3) copper oxide/carbon nano-tube film is added in trimesic acid solution and is impregnated, sufficiently taken out drying after reaction, obtain
Benzenetricarboxylic acid copper/carbon nano-tube compound film;The concentration of trimesic acid solution is 3%;
(4) composite membrane is placed in vacuum drying oven, being divided into two stages is handled, and the first stage handles 3h at 156 DEG C, is removed
The crystallization water inside membrane material, second stage handle 3h at 903 DEG C, are finally washed repeatedly using dilute nitric acid solution to get propping up certainly
Support lithium sulfur battery anode material carbon base body;The mass concentration of dilute nitric acid solution is 11%, and washing times are 9 times.
Test method:
The positive electrode carbon base body that the present embodiment prepares is tested for the property, after positive electrode carbon base body and sulphur review
The positive plate that diameter is 14mm is made, metal lithium sheet is to pole, and diaphragm is Celgrad 2300, in the gloves of argon atmosphere
In case MBRAUN LABSTAR Glove Box, by positive plate, electrolyte, diaphragm, lithium piece, gasket, shell assembled in sequence lithium
Sulphur button half-cell, complete assembling battery place for 24 hours, at room temperature using new prestige cell tester to battery under 1C multiplying power into
Row constant current charge-discharge test, voltage range 1.6-2.8V;Obtain the specific capacity of first charge-discharge first from test process, and
The initial volume V of sulphur carbon positive electrode0, specific capacity and volume V when then testing charge and discharge cycles 200 times, 500 times respectivelyi,
Positive plate surface sulphur content cloth situation of change is observed, cubical expansivity A=(V is calculatedi-V0)/V0× 100%, obtain result such as 1 institute of table
Show.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 compared with Example 1, is not used trimesic acid solution and impregnates membrane material, positive electrode carbon base body obtained is adopted
It is tested with the method for embodiment 1, test result is as shown in table 1.
Embodiment 2
(1) copper nitrate is dissolved in mass concentration is to add complexing agent in 20% chain organic solution, after still aging 6h,
It obtains containing chain organic matter/copper colloid particle solution system;Chain organic matter is polyvinyl alcohol;Copper nitrate can use nitric acid
Zinc replaces;Complexing agent is disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate;In solution system, the quality of chain organic solution, copper nitrate, complexing agent
Ratio is 100:30:3;
(2) the carbon nanotube colloidal solution that mass concentration is 10% surface oxygen activation is added into solution system, is uniformly mixed and is formed
Suspension is placed in electrostatic field, is made the two mutually absorption by statcoulomb power, is used organic film mistake after still aging 14h
Filter, then the colloidal solid that filtering is obtained, in organic film surface levelling, low-temperature setting simultaneously removes organic matter, obtains copper oxide/carbon
Nanometer tube composite film material;Organic film is polyethersulfone membranes;In suspension, the quality of solution system, carbon nanotube colloidal solution
Ratio is 100:50;
(3) copper oxide/carbon nano-tube film is added in trimesic acid solution and is impregnated, sufficiently taken out drying after reaction, obtain
Benzenetricarboxylic acid copper/carbon nano-tube compound film;The concentration of trimesic acid solution is 2%;
(4) composite membrane is placed in vacuum drying oven, being divided into two stages is handled, and the first stage handles 3.5h at 150 DEG C, removes
The crystallization water inside membrane material is removed, second stage handles 3h at 900 DEG C, is finally washed repeatedly using dilute nitric acid solution to get certainly
Support lithium sulfur battery anode material carbon base body;The mass concentration of dilute nitric acid solution is 8%, and washing times are 6 times.
It is tested using the method for embodiment 1, test result is as shown in table 1.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 compared with Example 2, is not added with chain organic matter, and positive electrode carbon base body obtained uses the side of embodiment 1
Method is tested, and test result is as shown in table 1.
Embodiment 3
(1) copper nitrate is dissolved in mass concentration is to add complexing agent, still aging 10h in 40% chain organic solution
Afterwards, it obtains containing chain organic matter/copper colloid particle solution system;Chain organic matter is polyamide;Copper nitrate can use nitre
Sour manganese replaces;Complexing agent is five sodium of diethylenetriamine pentacarboxylic acid;In solution system, chain organic solution, copper nitrate, complexing agent
Mass ratio be 100:50:6;
(2) the carbon nanotube colloidal solution that mass concentration is 30% surface oxygen activation is added into solution system, is uniformly mixed and is formed
Suspension is placed in electrostatic field, is made the two mutually absorption by statcoulomb power, is used organic film mistake after still aging 18h
Filter, then the colloidal solid that filtering is obtained, in organic film surface levelling, low-temperature setting simultaneously removes organic matter, obtains copper oxide/carbon
Nanometer tube composite film material;Organic film is the fine filter membrane of polypropylene;In suspension, the matter of solution system, carbon nanotube colloidal solution
Amount ratio is 100:80;
(3) copper oxide/carbon nano-tube film is added in trimesic acid solution and is impregnated, sufficiently taken out drying after reaction, obtain
Benzenetricarboxylic acid copper/carbon nano-tube compound film;The concentration of trimesic acid solution is 5%;
(4) composite membrane is placed in vacuum drying oven, being divided into two stages is handled, and the first stage handles 3h at 160 DEG C, is removed
The crystallization water inside membrane material, second stage handle 3h at 910 DEG C, are finally washed repeatedly using dilute nitric acid solution to get propping up certainly
Support lithium sulfur battery anode material carbon base body;The mass concentration of dilute nitric acid solution is 15%, and washing times are 10 times.
It is tested using the method for embodiment 1, test result is as shown in table 1.
Comparative example 3
Comparative example 3 compared with Example 3, is not handled in a vacuum furnace, convection drying, and positive electrode carbon base body obtained is adopted
It is tested with the method for embodiment 1, test result is as shown in table 1.
Embodiment 4
(1) copper nitrate is dissolved in mass concentration is to add complexing agent in 30% chain organic solution, after still aging 8h,
It obtains containing chain organic matter/copper colloid particle solution system;Chain organic matter is polyimides;Copper nitrate can use nitric acid
Nickel replaces;Complexing agent is ethylenediamine tetraacetic methene sodium phosphate;In solution system, the matter of chain organic solution, copper nitrate, complexing agent
Amount ratio is 100:40:4;
(2) the carbon nanotube colloidal solution that mass concentration is 20% surface oxygen activation is added into solution system, is uniformly mixed and is formed
Suspension is placed in electrostatic field, is made the two mutually absorption by statcoulomb power, is used organic film mistake after still aging 16h
Filter, then the colloidal solid that filtering is obtained, in organic film surface levelling, low-temperature setting simultaneously removes organic matter, obtains copper oxide/carbon
Nanometer tube composite film material;Organic film is polystyrene filter membrane;In suspension, the matter of solution system, carbon nanotube colloidal solution
Amount ratio is 100:60;
(3) copper oxide/carbon nano-tube film is added in trimesic acid solution and is impregnated, sufficiently taken out drying after reaction, obtain
Benzenetricarboxylic acid copper/carbon nano-tube compound film;The concentration of trimesic acid solution is 4%;
(4) composite membrane is placed in vacuum drying oven, being divided into two stages is handled, and the first stage handles 3h at 155 DEG C, is removed
The crystallization water inside membrane material, second stage handle 3h at 905 DEG C, are finally washed repeatedly using dilute nitric acid solution to get propping up certainly
Support lithium sulfur battery anode material carbon base body;The mass concentration of dilute nitric acid solution is 11%, and washing times are 8 times.
It is tested using the method for embodiment 1, test result is as shown in table 1.
Comparative example 4
Copper oxide/carbon nano-tube compound film material compared with Example 4, is directly used as carbon base body, anode material obtained by comparative example 4
Material carbon base body is tested using the method for embodiment 1, and test result is as shown in table 1.
Table 1:
Claims (10)
1. a kind of self-supporting lithium sulfur battery anode material carbon base body, which is characterized in that the positive electrode carbon base body is to contain
Carbon nanotube colloidal solution is added in chain organic matter/copper colloid particle solution system, it is compound to form copper oxide/carbon nanotube
Membrane material, add in trimesic acid solution impregnate reaction, last vacuum heating treatment, pickling and be made.
2. a kind of self-supporting lithium sulfur battery anode material carbon base body according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the chain
Organic matter is ethylaminoethanol, can be used the replacement of chain macromolecule, such as polyvinyl alcohol, polyamide, polyimides, in polyurethane
A combination of one or more.
3. a kind of self-supporting lithium sulfur battery anode material carbon base body according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the equal benzene
The concentration of front three acid solution is 2-5%, and the trimesic acid can be used other and can be carbonized as the aromatic series generation of agraphitic carbon
It replaces.
4. a kind of preparation method of self-supporting lithium sulfur battery anode material carbon base body as described in any claim of claim 1-3,
It is characterized in that, it is specific the preparation method is as follows:
(1) copper nitrate is dissolved in mass concentration is to add complexing agent, still aging 6- in 20-40% chain organic solution
After 10h, obtain containing chain organic matter/copper colloid particle solution system;
(2) the carbon nanotube colloidal solution that mass concentration is the surface 10-30% oxygen activation is added into solution system, is uniformly mixed
Suspension is formed, is placed in electrostatic field, the two mutually absorption is made by statcoulomb power, is used after still aging 14-18h organic
Membrane filtration, then the colloidal solid that filtering is obtained, in organic film surface levelling, low-temperature setting simultaneously removes organic matter, is aoxidized
Copper/carbon nano-tube compound film material;
(3) copper oxide/carbon nano-tube film is added in trimesic acid solution and is impregnated, sufficiently taken out drying after reaction, obtain
Benzenetricarboxylic acid copper/carbon nano-tube compound film;
(4) composite membrane is placed in vacuum drying oven, being divided into two stages is handled, and the first stage handles 3- at 150-160 DEG C
3.5h removes the crystallization water inside membrane material, and second stage handles 3-3.5h at 900-910 DEG C, and trimesic acid copper is made to be carbonized
Porous agraphitic carbon is formed, is finally washed repeatedly using dilute nitric acid solution, is removed the metallic copper of precipitation, obtain porous agraphitic carbon
It is piled into perforated membrane, and is connected with each other agraphitic carbon particle by carbon nanotube, as self-supporting lithium sulfur battery anode material
Carbon base body.
5. a kind of preparation method of self-supporting lithium sulfur battery anode material carbon base body according to claim 4, feature exist
In, copper nitrate described in step (1) can be replaced with other transition metal, can for ferric nitrate, zinc nitrate, manganese nitrate, nickel nitrate,
The combination of one or more of cobalt nitrate, silver nitrate.
6. a kind of preparation method of self-supporting lithium sulfur battery anode material carbon base body according to claim 4, feature exist
In complexing agent described in step (1) is sodium ammonium triacetate, disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate, five sodium of diethylenetriamine pentacarboxylic acid, second two
The combination of one or more of four methene sodium phosphate of amine.
7. a kind of preparation method of self-supporting lithium sulfur battery anode material carbon base body according to claim 4, feature exist
In, in solution system described in step (1), chain organic solution, copper nitrate, complexing agent mass ratio be 100:30-50:
3-6。
8. a kind of preparation method of self-supporting lithium sulfur battery anode material carbon base body according to claim 4, feature exist
In organic film described in step (2) is teflon membrane filter, polyethersulfone membranes, the fine filter membrane of polypropylene, polystyrene filter membrane
One of.
9. a kind of preparation method of self-supporting lithium sulfur battery anode material carbon base body according to claim 4, feature exist
In, in suspension described in step (2), solution system, carbon nanotube colloidal solution mass ratio be 100:50-80.
10. a kind of preparation method of self-supporting lithium sulfur battery anode material carbon base body according to claim 4, feature exist
In the mass concentration of dilute nitric acid solution described in step (4) is 8-15%, and washing times are 6-10 times.
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CN111500285A (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2020-08-07 | 山东丰益泰和科技有限公司 | Method for synthesizing fluorescent carbon quantum dots by using citric acid and ethylene diamine tetramethylene sodium phosphate |
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CN111500285A (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2020-08-07 | 山东丰益泰和科技有限公司 | Method for synthesizing fluorescent carbon quantum dots by using citric acid and ethylene diamine tetramethylene sodium phosphate |
CN111500285B (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2023-01-17 | 山东丰益泰和科技有限公司 | Method for synthesizing fluorescent carbon quantum dots by using citric acid and sodium ethylene diamine tetramethylene phosphate |
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