CN109112321B - Scrap aluminum smelting method - Google Patents
Scrap aluminum smelting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109112321B CN109112321B CN201810956623.4A CN201810956623A CN109112321B CN 109112321 B CN109112321 B CN 109112321B CN 201810956623 A CN201810956623 A CN 201810956623A CN 109112321 B CN109112321 B CN 109112321B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B21/00—Obtaining aluminium
- C22B21/0007—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap or any other metal source
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B21/00—Obtaining aluminium
- C22B21/0084—Obtaining aluminium melting and handling molten aluminium
- C22B21/0092—Remelting scrap, skimmings or any secondary source aluminium
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D25/00—Devices or methods for removing incrustations, e.g. slag, metal deposits, dust; Devices or methods for preventing the adherence of slag
- F27D25/001—Devices or methods for removing incrustations, e.g. slag, metal deposits, dust; Devices or methods for preventing the adherence of slag comprising breaking tools, e.g. hammers, drills, scrapers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D27/00—Stirring devices for molten material
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of scrap aluminum smelting, and particularly relates to a scrap aluminum smelting method, which comprises the following steps: cleaning and air-drying the waste aluminum, and removing sand and stones adhered to the waste aluminum; carrying out magnetic separation on the waste aluminum, and screening and separating scattered iron materials mixed in the waste aluminum; cutting waste aluminum into fragments, and exposing the fragments in the sun to heat; putting the waste aluminum into a waste aluminum smelting furnace for smelting, and sorting out impurities in the waste aluminum; according to the invention, the scrap aluminum smelting method is improved through the scrap aluminum smelting furnace, aluminum oxide and other impurities with high melting points, which are generated during the smelting of the scrap aluminum, are removed, and the quality of aluminum liquid after the smelting of the scrap aluminum is improved; the quality of the molten aluminum after the smelting of the aluminum scrap is improved by removing sand, stones, scrap iron and the like in the aluminum scrap before the smelting of the aluminum scrap.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of scrap aluminum smelting, and particularly relates to a scrap aluminum smelting method.
Background
In order to improve the recovery utilization rate, the residual aluminum scraps produced in the processing of aluminum profile manufacturers are recovered and uniformly sent to a manufacturer for processing aluminum bars by the aluminum scraps to be smelted and recast. In the whole process of recovering and processing aluminum bars by using waste aluminum, three working procedures exist: and (4) recovering, smelting and recasting aluminum scraps. Wherein the second procedure requires the feeding of the scrap aluminum into the smelting furnace for smelting.
Iron-type impurities are very harmful to the smelting of scrap aluminum, and when iron is excessive, brittle metal crystals are formed in aluminum, so that the mechanical properties of the aluminum are reduced, and the corrosion resistance of the aluminum is weakened. The iron content is generally controlled below 1.2%. The waste aluminum with the iron content of more than 1.5 percent can be used as a deoxidizer in the steel industry, and the commercial aluminum alloy is rarely smelted by the waste aluminum with high iron content. Currently, there is no successful process in the aluminum industry to satisfactorily remove excess iron from scrap aluminum, particularly iron in the form of stainless steel.
In the process of smelting the aluminum scrap, if impurities such as sand and soil in the aluminum scrap are not removed in advance, the smelting quality in the aluminum scrap is seriously influenced, meanwhile, the aluminum scrap can generate aluminum oxide in the smelting process, the melting point of the aluminum oxide is high, and the aluminum oxide is not easy to smelt, so that the aluminum oxide impurities are removed when the aluminum scrap is smelted, and the smelting quality of the aluminum scrap is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up for the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method for smelting aluminum scrap, and aims to improve the quality of aluminum liquid after aluminum scrap smelting. According to the invention, the scrap aluminum smelting method is improved through the scrap aluminum smelting furnace, aluminum oxide and other impurities with high melting points, which are generated during the smelting of the scrap aluminum, are removed, and the quality of aluminum liquid after the smelting of the scrap aluminum is improved; the quality of the molten aluminum after the smelting of the aluminum scrap is improved by removing sand, stones, scrap iron and the like in the aluminum scrap before the smelting of the aluminum scrap.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the invention relates to a method for smelting aluminum scrap, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: putting the waste aluminum into a stirrer, stirring and washing the waste aluminum completely, removing sand and stones adhered to the waste aluminum, and then air-drying the waste aluminum;
step two, after the waste aluminum is cleaned, aired and dried in the first step, carrying out magnetic separation on the waste aluminum, and screening and separating scattered iron materials mixed in the waste aluminum;
step three: after the scattered iron materials in the aluminum scrap are screened out in the second step, the aluminum scrap is cut into fragments, so that the aluminum scrap is easy to smelt, the smelting efficiency of the aluminum scrap is improved, the aluminum scrap is exposed in the sun to heat, the energy consumption of the aluminum scrap during smelting can be reduced, and the aluminum scrap smelting device is energy-saving and environment-friendly;
step four: after the waste aluminum is cut into fragments and is placed under the sun for exposure and temperature rise, putting the waste aluminum into a waste aluminum smelting furnace for heating and smelting, and separating impurities with different melting points from the waste aluminum, such as aluminum oxide, copper oxide and the like;
the aluminum scrap smelting furnace in the fourth step comprises a furnace body, an outer furnace, a first bearing, an inner furnace, a driving module, a first heater and a spiral scraper, wherein the outer furnace is fixed in the furnace body, the upper end of the outer furnace is provided with a step, a water tank is arranged between the outer furnace and the furnace body, and a waste residue channel is arranged between the outer furnace and the furnace body; the water tank is positioned at the upper part of the outer furnace, and a water inlet pipe is arranged on the water tank; the inner furnace is clamped on the step of the outer furnace through a bearing I, a plurality of aluminum leakage holes are formed in the wall of the inner furnace, a lifting lug is arranged at the upper end of the inner furnace, and a circle of gear ring is arranged on the outer wall of the inner furnace; the driving module is arranged at the upper end of the water tank, the driving module is powered by water vapor evaporated by the water tank, and the driving module is used for driving the inner furnace to rotate; the heater is positioned between the furnace body and the outer furnace, and the heater I is used for heating the outer furnace; the spiral scraper is spirally arranged on the outer wall of the inner furnace and is used for scraping the alumina in the outer furnace and sending the alumina out of the furnace body through the waste residue channel. When the aluminum melting furnace works, waste aluminum is put into the inner furnace, the outer furnace is heated by the heater, the temperature of the outer furnace is controlled within 1200 ℃, the temperature of the inner furnace is controlled within 1100 ℃, the outer furnace transfers heat to the inner furnace to melt the waste aluminum in the inner furnace, when the waste aluminum in the inner furnace begins to melt, a layer of aluminum oxide is generated on the surface of the waste aluminum, part of the aluminum oxide enters the outer furnace through the aluminum leakage holes, and part of liquefied aluminum liquid also enters the outer furnace and generates a layer of aluminum oxide in the outer furnace; in the heating process of the heater and the outer furnace, water in the water tank is gradually boiled and generates water vapor, the water vapor enables the driving module to move through the driving module, the driving module drives the inner furnace to rotate on the outer furnace, the spiral scraper rotates along with the inner furnace, the spiral scraper scrapes the inner wall of the outer furnace, so that alumina which cannot be melted in the outer furnace is gradually accumulated together under the rotation of the spiral scraper, aluminum liquid flows down on the spiral scraper, the alumina is centrifugally rotated along with the rotation of the spiral scraper, when the alumina is centrifuged to the waste residue channel, the alumina falls out of the furnace body along the waste residue channel, the aluminum liquid in the inner furnace gradually flows into the outer furnace, and the liquid level of the aluminum liquid in the inner furnace and the outer furnace is equal; under the continuous rotation of the spiral scraper, alumina in the outer furnace is completely removed, the lifting lugs of the inner furnace are hooked through a crane, the inner furnace is slowly lifted, the difference between the liquid level of the aluminum liquid in the inner furnace and the liquid level of the aluminum liquid in the outer furnace is within two centimeters, the alumina residues which are remained in the inner furnace and cannot leak into the outer furnace are dumped after the aluminum liquid in the inner furnace completely leaks into the outer furnace, and the next round of aluminum scrap melting is carried out after the aluminum liquid in the outer furnace is used up.
Before the aluminum scrap is cleaned and dried in the air in the first step, rubber or plastic wrapped on the aluminum scrap needs to be removed, and the rubber or plastic which is difficult to remove is left for the subsequent smelting of the aluminum scrap to be removed by burning. The protective layer on the outer surface of the aluminum scrap, such as a rubber layer or plastic, is removed before the aluminum scrap is smelted, so that the influence on the smelting of the aluminum scrap caused by impurities generated during the smelting of the aluminum scrap is reduced as much as possible.
The spiral scraper comprises a mounting body, a blade and a spring I, wherein the mounting body is in a spiral shape matched with the outer wall of the inner furnace, and a groove I matched with the section of the blade is formed in the mounting body; the blade is provided with a plurality of blades, the blades are arranged in the first groove in parallel according to the spiral direction of the mounting body, and the end parts of the blades are fixedly connected with the bottom end of the first groove through a first spring; and a first convex rib is arranged on the inner wall of the outer furnace. The during operation, the tip of blade supports and leans on the inner wall of outer stove, and interior stove rotation drive spiral scraper follows the rotation, and the blade is scraped on the inner wall of outer stove, scrapes the aluminium oxide in outer stove down, and when the blade runs into the protruding muscle on the outer stove, the blade is compressed to the groove in one, and adnexed aluminium oxide is scraped by the notch of groove one on the blade for do not bond aluminium oxide on the blade, made things convenient for the blade to change and scraped the aluminium oxide on the outer stove inner wall down.
The mounting body is provided with an air vent which is parallel and level with and communicated with the bottom end of the groove. When the aluminum liquid cutter blade extends outwards, the pressure intensity in the first groove is reduced, so that aluminum liquid is sucked into the first groove to cause the first groove to be blocked.
The blade is cuboid in shape, and a circular arc-shaped convex rib II is arranged in the middle of the side face of the blade. On one hand, the second convex rib can enable the blade to slide on the first groove more easily, and has a guiding effect on the blade, and on the other hand, the second convex rib can enhance the strength of the blade, so that the blade is not easy to break.
The driving module comprises an impeller, a first shaft, a second bearing and a first gear, the impeller is sleeved in the second bearing and fixedly connected with an inner ring of the second bearing, and the impeller is fixed on a water tank between the furnace body and the outer furnace through the second bearing; the impeller is fixedly connected with the first gear through a first shaft, and the rotating impeller drives the first gear through the first shaft; the first gear is meshed with the gear ring. When the boiler works, water in the water tank is heated and boiled, water vapor overflows from the water tank and passes through the impeller, the rising water vapor generates thrust on the impeller, the impeller is driven by the water vapor to rotate, and the impeller drives the gear ring through the gear I, so that the driving module can successfully drive the inner boiler to rotate.
And the second heater is used for heating and smelting the aluminum scrap from the upper end of the inner furnace. The second heater is arranged at the upper end of the furnace body, so that the speed of smelting the aluminum scrap by the inner furnace can be increased, and meanwhile, impurities which can be combusted in the aluminum scrap can be combusted.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the method for smelting the aluminum scrap, the method for smelting the aluminum scrap is improved through the aluminum scrap smelting furnace, aluminum oxide and other impurities with high melting points, which are generated during the smelting of the aluminum scrap, are removed, and the quality of aluminum liquid after the smelting of the aluminum scrap is improved; the quality of the molten aluminum after the smelting of the aluminum scrap is improved by removing sand, stones, scrap iron and the like in the aluminum scrap before the smelting of the aluminum scrap.
2. According to the method for smelting the aluminum scrap, the aluminum scrap is cut into fragments, so that the aluminum scrap is easy to smelt, the smelting efficiency of the aluminum scrap is improved, the aluminum scrap is exposed in the sun to heat, the energy consumption of the aluminum scrap during smelting can be reduced, and the method is energy-saving and environment-friendly.
3. According to the method for smelting the aluminum scrap, the water tank is arranged between the outer furnace and the furnace body, so that water vapor is generated in the water tank to push the driving module, the driving module drives the inner furnace to rotate, heat between the outer furnace and the furnace body is utilized, and energy waste is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the entire construction of the scrap aluminum melting furnace of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the spiral scraper of the present invention before baking and bending;
FIG. 4 is a bottom view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the spiral scraper of the present invention scraping alumina from the inner wall of the outer furnace;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the inner wall structure of the outer furnace of the present invention;
in the figure: the furnace comprises a furnace body 1, a waste residue channel 11, a water tank 12, a water inlet pipe 13, an outer furnace 2, a first convex rib 21, a first bearing 22, an inner furnace 3, a lifting lug 31, a gear ring 32, an aluminum leakage hole 33, a second spring 34, a driving module 4, an impeller 41, a first shaft 42, a second bearing 43, a first gear 44, a first heater 5, a spiral scraper 6, a mounting body 61, a first groove 611, a vent hole 612, a blade 62, a second convex rib 621, a first spring 63 and aluminum oxide 7.
Detailed Description
A scrap aluminum melting method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to fig. 1 to 6.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3 and 5, the method for smelting aluminum scrap according to the present invention includes the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: putting the waste aluminum into a stirrer, stirring and washing the waste aluminum completely, removing sand and stones adhered to the waste aluminum, and then air-drying the waste aluminum;
step two, after the waste aluminum is cleaned, aired and dried in the first step, carrying out magnetic separation on the waste aluminum, and screening and separating scattered iron materials mixed in the waste aluminum;
step three: after the scattered iron materials in the aluminum scrap are screened out in the second step, the aluminum scrap is cut into fragments, so that the aluminum scrap is easy to smelt, the smelting efficiency of the aluminum scrap is improved, the aluminum scrap is exposed in the sun to heat, the energy consumption of the aluminum scrap during smelting can be reduced, and the aluminum scrap smelting device is energy-saving and environment-friendly;
step four: after the waste aluminum is cut into fragments and is placed under the sun for exposure and temperature rise, putting the waste aluminum into a waste aluminum smelting furnace for heating and smelting, and separating impurities with different melting points from the waste aluminum, such as aluminum oxide 7, copper oxide and the like;
the aluminum scrap smelting furnace in the fourth step comprises a furnace body 1, an outer furnace 2, a bearing I22, an inner furnace 3, a driving module 4, a heater I5 and a spiral scraper 6, wherein the outer furnace 2 is fixed in the furnace body 1, the upper end of the outer furnace 2 is provided with a step, a water tank 12 is arranged between the outer furnace 2 and the furnace body 1, and a waste residue channel 11 is arranged between the outer furnace 2 and the furnace body 1; the water tank 12 is positioned at the upper part of the outer furnace 2, and a water inlet pipe 13 is arranged on the water tank 12; the inner furnace 3 is clamped on the step of the outer furnace 2 through a bearing I22, a plurality of aluminum leakage holes 33 are formed in the wall of the inner furnace 3, a lifting lug 31 is arranged at the upper end of the inner furnace 3, and a circle of gear ring 32 is arranged on the outer wall of the inner furnace 3; the driving module 4 is arranged at the upper end of the water tank 12, the driving module 4 is powered by water vapor evaporated by the water tank 12, and the driving module 4 is used for driving the inner furnace 3 to rotate; the first heater 5 is positioned between the furnace body 1 and the outer furnace 2, and the first heater 5 is used for heating the outer furnace 2; the spiral scraper 6 is spirally arranged on the outer wall of the inner furnace 3, and the spiral scraper 6 is used for scraping the alumina 7 in the outer furnace 2 and sending the alumina out of the furnace body 1 through the waste residue channel 11. When the aluminum melting furnace works, waste aluminum is put into the inner furnace 3, the outer furnace 2 is heated by the heater I5, the temperature of the outer furnace 2 is controlled within 1200 ℃, the temperature of the inner furnace 3 is controlled within 1100 ℃, the outer furnace 2 transfers heat to the inner furnace 3 to melt the waste aluminum in the inner furnace 3, when the waste aluminum in the inner furnace 3 begins to melt, a layer of aluminum oxide 7 is generated on the surface of the waste aluminum, part of the aluminum oxide 7 enters the outer furnace 2 through the aluminum leakage holes 33, and part of liquefied aluminum liquid also enters the outer furnace 2 and generates a layer of aluminum oxide 7 in the outer furnace 2; in the process that the heater I5 heats the outer furnace 2, water in the water tank 12 is gradually boiled and generates water vapor, the water vapor enables the driving module 4 to move through the driving module 4, the driving module 4 drives the inner furnace 3 to rotate on the outer furnace 2, the spiral scraper 6 rotates along with the inner furnace 3, the spiral scraper 6 scrapes the inner wall of the outer furnace 2, alumina 7 which cannot be melted in the outer furnace 2 is gradually accumulated together under the rotation of the spiral scraper 6, aluminum liquid flows down on the spiral scraper 6, the alumina 7 is centrifugally rotated along with the rotation of the spiral scraper 6, when the alumina 7 is centrifuged to the waste residue channel 11, the alumina 7 falls out of the furnace body 1 along with the waste residue channel 11, the aluminum liquid in the inner furnace 3 gradually flows into the outer furnace 2, and the liquid level of the aluminum liquid in the inner furnace 3 and the outer furnace 2 is equal; under the continuous rotation of the spiral scraper 6, the alumina 7 in the outer furnace 2 is completely removed, the lifting lugs 31 of the inner furnace 3 are hooked up through a crane, the inner furnace 3 is slowly lifted, the difference between the liquid level of the aluminum liquid in the inner furnace 3 and the liquid level of the aluminum liquid in the outer furnace 2 is within two centimeters, the alumina 7 residues which are remained in the inner furnace 3 and cannot leak into the outer furnace 2 are dumped after the aluminum liquid in the inner furnace 3 completely leaks into the outer furnace 2, and the next round of aluminum scrap melting is carried out after the aluminum liquid in the outer furnace 2 is used up.
Before the aluminum scrap is cleaned and dried in the air in the first step, rubber or plastic wrapped on the aluminum scrap needs to be removed, and the rubber or plastic which is difficult to remove is left for the subsequent smelting of the aluminum scrap to be removed by burning. The protective layer on the outer surface of the aluminum scrap, such as a rubber layer or plastic, is removed before the aluminum scrap is smelted, so that the influence on the smelting of the aluminum scrap caused by impurities generated during the smelting of the aluminum scrap is reduced as much as possible.
As shown in fig. 3 to 6, the spiral scraper 6 comprises a mounting body 61, a blade 62 and a first spring 63, the mounting body 61 is spiral and matched with the outer wall of the inner furnace 3, and a first groove 611 matched with the cross section of the blade 62 is formed in the mounting body 61; a plurality of blades 62 are arranged, the blades 62 are arranged in the first groove 611 in parallel according to the spiral direction of the mounting body 61, and the end part of the blade 62 is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the first groove 611 through a first spring 63; and a first convex rib 21 is arranged on the inner wall of the outer furnace 2. During operation, the tip of blade 62 supports and leans on the inner wall of outer stove 2, interior stove 3 rotates drive spiral scraper 6 and follows the rotation, and blade 62 scrapes on the inner wall of outer stove 2, scrapes down the aluminium oxide 7 in outer stove 2, and when blade 62 met protruding muscle one 21 on the outer stove 2, blade 62 was compressed in groove one 611, and adnexed aluminium oxide 7 is scraped by the notch of groove one 611 on the blade 62 for on the blade 62 on the non-stick aluminium oxide 7, made things convenient for blade 62 to change the aluminium oxide 7 of scraping on the outer stove 2 inner wall.
As shown in fig. 2, the mounting body 61 is provided with a vent hole 612, and the vent hole 612 is flush with and communicated with the bottom end of the first groove 611. In operation, the vent 612 is used to make the pressure inside the first groove 611 the same as the pressure outside the first groove 611, so as to avoid the situation that when the blade 62 extends outwards, the pressure inside the first groove 611 is reduced, so that the aluminum liquid is sucked into the first groove 611, and the first groove 611 is blocked.
As shown in fig. 3 to 5, the blade 62 is rectangular parallelepiped, and the middle of the side surface of the blade 62 is provided with a circular arc-shaped second rib 621. On one hand, the second rib 621 can make the first groove 611 slide more easily to guide the first blade 62, and on the other hand, the second rib 621 can strengthen the second blade 62 to make the second blade 62 not easily break.
As shown in fig. 2, the driving module 4 includes an impeller 41, a first shaft 42, a second bearing 43 and a first gear 44, the impeller 41 is sleeved in the second bearing 43, the impeller 41 is fixedly connected with an inner ring of the second bearing 43, and the impeller 41 is fixed on the water tank 12 between the furnace body 1 and the outer furnace 2 through the second bearing 43; the impeller 41 is fixedly connected with the first gear 44 through the first shaft 42, and the rotating impeller 41 drives the first gear 44 through the first shaft 42; the first gear 44 meshes with the ring gear 32. When the boiler works, water in the water tank 12 is heated and boiled, water vapor overflows from the water tank 12 and passes through the impeller 41, the rising water vapor generates thrust on the impeller 41, the impeller 41 is driven by the water vapor to rotate, the impeller 41 drives the gear ring 32 through the first gear 44, and therefore the driving module 4 can successfully drive the inner furnace 3 to rotate.
As shown in fig. 2, a second heater is arranged at the upper end of the furnace body 1, and the second heater is used for heating and smelting the aluminum scrap from the upper end of the inner furnace 3. The second heater is arranged at the upper end of the furnace body 1, so that the speed of smelting the aluminum scrap by the inner furnace 3 can be increased, and meanwhile, impurities which can be burnt in the aluminum scrap can be burnt.
The specific use flow is as follows:
when the aluminum melting furnace is used, waste aluminum is put into the inner furnace 3, the outer furnace 2 is heated by the first heater 5, the waste aluminum in the inner furnace 3 is heated from the upper end of the inner furnace 3 by the second heater, the temperature of the outer furnace 2 is controlled within 1200 ℃, the temperature of the inner furnace 3 is controlled within 1100 ℃, aluminum oxide 7 and iron in the waste aluminum cannot be melted, the outer furnace 2 transfers heat to the inner furnace 3 to melt the waste aluminum in the inner furnace 3, when the waste aluminum in the inner furnace 3 starts to melt, a layer of aluminum oxide 7 is generated on the surface of the waste aluminum, part of the aluminum oxide 7 enters the outer furnace 2 through the aluminum leakage holes 33, and part of liquefied aluminum liquid also enters the outer furnace 2 to generate a layer of aluminum oxide 7 in the outer furnace 2; in the process that the heater I5 heats the outer furnace 2, water in the water tank 12 boils gradually and generates steam, the water in the water tank 12 is heated and boiled, the steam overflows from the water tank 12 and passes through the impeller 41, the impeller 41 is driven by the steam to rotate, the impeller 41 drives the gear ring 32 to rotate through the gear I44, so that the drive module 4 can successfully drive the inner furnace 3 to rotate, the drive module 4 drives the inner furnace 3 to rotate on the outer furnace 2, the spiral scraper 6 rotates along with the inner furnace 3, the end part of the blade 62 abuts against the inner wall of the outer furnace 2, the inner furnace 3 rotates and drives the spiral scraper 6 to rotate along with the inner wall of the outer furnace 2, the blade 62 scrapes the alumina 7 in the outer furnace 2, when the blade 62 touches the convex rib I21 on the outer furnace 2, the blade 62 is compressed into the groove I611, the alumina 7 attached to the blade 62 is scraped by the notch of the groove I611, so that the alumina 7 is not adhered to the blade 62, the aluminum oxide 7 on the inner wall of the outer furnace 2 can be easily scraped by the blade 62, so that the aluminum oxide 7 which cannot be melted in the outer furnace 2 is gradually accumulated together under the rotation of the spiral scraper 6, the aluminum liquid flows down on the spiral scraper 6 and flows into the outer furnace 2, the aluminum oxide 7 is centrifugally rotated along with the rotation of the spiral scraper 6, when the aluminum oxide 7 is centrifuged to the waste residue channel 11, the aluminum oxide 7 falls out of the furnace body 1 along the waste residue channel 11, the aluminum liquid in the inner furnace 3 gradually flows into the outer furnace 2, and the liquid level of the aluminum liquid in the inner furnace 3 and the outer furnace 2 is equal; under the continuous rotation of the spiral scraper 6, the alumina 7 in the outer furnace 2 is completely removed, after the aluminum scrap in the inner furnace 3 is completely liquefied, the lifting lugs 31 of the inner furnace 3 are hooked up through the crane, the inner furnace 3 is slowly lifted up, the liquid level difference between the aluminum liquid in the inner furnace 3 and the liquid level difference between the aluminum liquid in the outer furnace 2 is within two centimeters, after the aluminum liquid in the inner furnace 3 completely leaks into the outer furnace 2, the aluminum liquid is prevented from being oxidized into the alumina 7, the residual alumina 7 which remains in the inner furnace 3 and cannot leak into the outer furnace 2 is dumped, and after the aluminum liquid in the outer furnace 2 is used up, the next round of aluminum scrap is melted.
While one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.
(A) In the above embodiment, the aluminum scrap in the inner furnace is melted by heating the outside of the outer furnace, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and the aluminum scrap may be heated directly in the inner furnace by a heater.
Industrial applicability
According to the invention, the scrap aluminum smelting method is improved through the scrap aluminum smelting furnace, aluminum oxide and other impurities with high melting points generated during the smelting of the scrap aluminum are removed, and the quality of aluminum liquid after the smelting of the scrap aluminum is improved; the quality of the molten aluminum after the smelting of the aluminum scrap is improved by removing sand, stones, scrap iron and the like in the aluminum scrap before the smelting of the aluminum scrap; the scrap aluminum melting process is therefore useful in the scrap aluminum melting art.
Claims (7)
1. A method for smelting aluminum scrap is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: cleaning and air-drying the waste aluminum, and removing sand and stones adhered to the waste aluminum;
step two, after the waste aluminum is cleaned, aired and dried in the first step, carrying out magnetic separation on the waste aluminum, and screening and separating scattered iron materials mixed in the waste aluminum;
step three: after screening scattered iron materials in the waste aluminum in the second step, cutting the waste aluminum into fragments, and exposing the fragments in the sun to heat;
step four: after the aluminum scrap is cut into fragments and is placed under the sun for exposure and temperature rise, putting the aluminum scrap into a aluminum scrap smelting furnace for smelting, and sorting out impurities in the aluminum scrap;
the aluminum scrap smelting furnace in the fourth step comprises a furnace body (1), an outer furnace (2), a bearing I (22), an inner furnace (3), a driving module (4), a heater I (5) and a spiral scraper (6), wherein the outer furnace (2) is fixed in the furnace body (1), the upper end of the outer furnace (2) is provided with a step, a water tank (12) is arranged between the outer furnace (2) and the furnace body (1), and a waste residue channel (11) is arranged between the outer furnace (2) and the furnace body (1); the water tank (12) is positioned at the upper part of the outer furnace (2), and a water inlet pipe (13) is arranged on the water tank (12); the inner furnace (3) is clamped on the step of the outer furnace (2) through a bearing I (22), a plurality of aluminum leakage holes (33) are formed in the wall of the inner furnace (3), a lifting lug (31) is arranged at the upper end of the inner furnace (3), and a ring of gear rings (32) are arranged on the outer wall of the inner furnace (3); the driving module (4) is arranged at the upper end of the water tank (12), the driving module (4) is powered by water vapor evaporated by the water tank (12), and the driving module (4) is used for driving the inner furnace (3) to rotate; the first heater (5) is positioned between the furnace body (1) and the outer furnace (2), and the first heater (5) is used for heating the outer furnace (2); the spiral scraper (6) is spirally arranged on the outer wall of the inner furnace (3), and the spiral scraper (6) is used for scraping down the alumina (7) in the outer furnace (2) and sending out of the furnace body (1) through the waste residue channel (11).
2. A scrap aluminum smelting process according to claim 1, wherein: before the aluminum scrap is cleaned and dried in the air in the first step, rubber or plastic wrapped on the aluminum scrap needs to be removed, and the rubber or plastic which is difficult to remove is left for the subsequent smelting of the aluminum scrap to be removed by burning.
3. A scrap aluminum smelting process according to claim 1, wherein: the spiral scraper (6) comprises a mounting body (61), a blade (62) and a first spring (63), the mounting body (61) is spiral and matched with the outer wall of the inner furnace (3), and a first groove (611) matched with the section of the blade (62) is formed in the mounting body (61); the blades (62) are arranged in a plurality, the blades (62) are arranged in the first groove (611) in parallel according to the spiral direction of the mounting body (61), and the end parts of the blades (62) are fixedly connected with the bottom end of the first groove (611) through a first spring (63); and a first convex rib (21) is arranged on the inner wall of the outer furnace (2).
4. A scrap aluminum smelting process according to claim 3, wherein: and the mounting body (61) is provided with a vent hole (612), and the vent hole (612) is flush with and communicated with the bottom end of the first groove (611).
5. A scrap aluminum smelting process according to claim 3, wherein: the blade (62) is cuboid, and a circular arc-shaped convex rib II (621) is arranged in the middle of the side face of the blade (62).
6. A scrap aluminum smelting process according to claim 1, wherein: the driving module (4) comprises an impeller (41), a first shaft (42), a second bearing (43) and a first gear (44), the impeller (41) is sleeved in the second bearing (43), the impeller (41) is fixedly connected with an inner ring of the second bearing (43), and the impeller (41) is fixed on the water tank (12) between the furnace body (1) and the outer furnace (2) through the second bearing (43); the impeller (41) is fixedly connected with the first gear (44) through the first shaft (42), and the rotating impeller (41) drives the first gear (44) through the first shaft (42); the first gear (44) is meshed with the gear ring (32).
7. A scrap aluminum smelting process according to claim 1, wherein: and a second heater is arranged at the upper end of the furnace body (1) and is used for heating and smelting the aluminum scrap from the upper end of the inner furnace (3).
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