CN109108431A - A kind of welding method of super thick steel-casting - Google Patents
A kind of welding method of super thick steel-casting Download PDFInfo
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- CN109108431A CN109108431A CN201810927494.6A CN201810927494A CN109108431A CN 109108431 A CN109108431 A CN 109108431A CN 201810927494 A CN201810927494 A CN 201810927494A CN 109108431 A CN109108431 A CN 109108431A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K33/00—Specially-profiled edge portions of workpieces for making soldering or welding connections; Filling the seams formed thereby
- B23K33/004—Filling of continuous seams
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/235—Preliminary treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/50—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for welded joints
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of welding method of super thick steel-casting, processing steps are as follows: S1, connector prepare: using asymmetry X-groove；S2, preheating: front and back sides are evenly heated, and set 150 ~ 160 DEG C of preheating temperature, the rate of heat addition is no more than 100 DEG C/h；S3, backing welding: 3 layers of flux-cored wire gas shield welding bottoming, per pass weld seam warm oneself by a fire after being soldered destressing processing；S4, reverse side gouge: gouge back chipping simultaneously removes carburized layer；S5, reverse side backing welding: after so that steel-casting is reached preheating temperature according to step 2 the method, 3 layers of bottoming, per pass weld seam warm oneself by a fire destressing processing；S6, filling, cover welding: front and back sides respectively use a welder while being symmetrically welded, successively hammering after every layer of weld passes are soldered；It is heat-treated after carrying out 550 DEG C of * 2h destressings immediately after the completion of S7, welding, this method can substantially reduce welding stress and welding deformation, greatly reduce steel-casting and the probability of weld crack occur.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to welding technology field, the welding method of specifically a kind of super thick steel-casting.
Background technique
Steel-casting since its shape and size design are flexible, commonly used in the stern tube of large ship, rudder horn, rudder bearer,
The positions such as anchor lip, and in recent years, the enlargement with ship and marine worker industry develops, and steel-casting size is consequently increased, super large
The maximum gauge of the steel-casting welding position of type ore carrier and container ship be 150mm, the welding to such super thick steel-casting, such as
Using prior art, it will following problems occur:
(1) weldability is poor, easily generation weld crack；
(2) welding capacity is big, and welding deformation is difficult to control, and deformation after unloading is difficult to correct；
(3) welding stress is big, influences the ability that welding point stablizes carrying.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of welding method of super thick steel-casting, welding defect, and welding deformation and stress are smaller.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: a kind of welding method of super thick steel-casting, comprising the following steps:
Step S1, connector prepares, and using X-type groove, 55 ° ± 5 ° of positive bevel angle, groove depth is plate thickness/2+ (5 ~ 7) mm,
60 ° ± 5 ° of backing groove angle, groove depth is plate thickness/2- (5 ~ 7) mm, 0 ~ 2mm of root face, 2 ~ 3mm of play movement；
Step S2, it preheats, resistor ceramic heating sheet is sticked into steel-casting position front and back sides to be welded, the surface of heating sheet, which covers, to be protected
Wen Mian sets 150 ~ 160 DEG C of preheating temperature, and the rate of heat addition is no more than 100 DEG C/h, when groove root, surface, 1/4 plate thickness depth
Preheating is completed when at least 3 temperature are not less than 150 DEG C；
Step S3, backing welding, uses the bottoming of flux-cored wire gas shield welding after the completion of preheating, backing run heat input is not more than 15KJ/
Mm welds 3 layers, and interlayer temperature is at 150 DEG C ~ 250 DEG C, for backing weld seam, destressing of warming oneself by a fire after the completion of the welding of per pass weld seam
Processing, temperature of warming oneself by a fire are not higher than 550 DEG C；
Step S4, reverse side gouge, reverse side gouge back chipping, and it is deep with 2 ~ 3mm of abrasive machine polishing, it is ensured that completely remove carburized layer；
Step S5, reverse side backing welding, after reverse side gouge back chipping, after so that steel-casting is reached preheating temperature according to step 2 the method,
3 layers of bottoming, backing run heat input is not more than 15KJ/mm, and interlayer temperature is after the completion of 150 DEG C ~ 250 DEG C, the welding of per pass weld seam
Destressing of warming oneself by a fire processing；
Step S6, filling, cover welding, front and back sides respectively use a welder while being symmetrically welded, and thermal weld stress is little
In 18KJ/mm, successively hammering after every layer of weld passes are soldered reduces welding residual stress, when the weld seam overall thickness of front and back sides reaches
To plate thickness half when, subsequent preheating temperature is down to not less than 120 DEG C；
Step S7, be heat-treated after carrying out 550 DEG C of * 2h destressings immediately after the completion of welding, temperature control requirement is as follows: from room temperature plus
The heating rate of temperature to 550 DEG C is not higher than 100 DEG C/h, and 550 DEG C keep the temperature 2 hours, and 550 DEG C are cooled to 300 DEG C of rate of temperature fall not
Higher than 100 DEG C/h, covering and heat insulating cotton slow cooling after 300 DEG C.
Preferably, intermittent heat is taken in preheating in step S2, heating about after twenty minutes, suspends 5 ~ 10 minutes.
Preferably, step S1 before assembly carries out carefully the moisture on base material surface, grease, magazine and metal oxide film
Cleaning.
The present invention has the advantage that
(1) optimize groove type, optimize bevel angle, if bevel angle is excessive, welding capacity is big, increases welding deformation；Such as groove
Angle too small, steel-casting are not easy to fuse, and are easy to produce welding defect, in addition, front and back sides groove depth has asymmetric spy
Sign, positive groove depth is 10 ~ 15mm bigger than backing groove depth, to reduce Welding Angular Deformation using neutral layer plane；
(2) steel-casting thickness is big, and internal stress is larger, by controlling preheating rate, and takes the mode of intermittent heat, Ke Yiyou
Effect avoids improving the stress state inside steel-casting because of the thermal stress that preheating temperature unevenness generates；
(3) since super thick steel-casting takes X-type groove, stress when root pass welding is maximum, bakes to root pass
Fiery destressing processing is equivalent to root pass and carries out a high tempering processing, can effectively eliminate welding residual stress；
(4) hammer peening is carried out to remaining layer except prime coat, is by extension weld seam and surrounding compressive plastic deformation
Area's metal achievees the purpose that eliminate welding deformation and adjust residual stress to be effectively improved by this method because of welding capacity
The welding residual stress generated greatly；
(5) postwelding carries out hot destressing processing after 550 DEG C of * 2h immediately, carries out destressing processing to entire welding point, eliminates weldering
Power is scooped out, while controlling heating and rate of temperature fall, thermal stress caused by avoiding because of slab heating, cooling unevenly.
The present invention passes through the design of optimization groove, control preheating rate, destressing of warming oneself by a fire to root pass processing, remaining layer
The processes such as hot destressing processing after progress hammer peening, postwelding progress, can substantially reduce welding stress and welding deformation,
It greatly reduces steel-casting and the probability of weld crack occurs, mechanical property test, test result table are carried out to subsidiary test piece for welding
Bright, the mechanical properties such as yield strength, tensile strength, impact flexibility of welding point are able to satisfy standard requirements, through the invention
The welding method of the super thick steel-casting of offer can substantially reduce welding stress and welding deformation, greatly compared with conventional soldering method
Reducing steel-casting there is the probability of weld crack greatly, and the present invention can be used for stern tube, rudder horn, rudder bearer, the anchor of large ship
The welding of the super thick steel-casting at the positions such as lip.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the method for the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the bevel shape of welding point of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is described below in detail, examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein from beginning to end
Same or similar label indicates same or similar element or element with the same or similar functions.Below with reference to attached
The embodiment of figure description is exemplary, and for explaining only the invention, and is not considered as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, it should be noted that term " installation ", " connected ",
" connection " shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be mechanical connection or electrical connection, the connection being also possible to inside two elements can
It, can also be indirectly connected through an intermediary to be to be connected directly.It for the ordinary skill in the art, can basis
Concrete condition understands the concrete meaning of above-mentioned term.
Referring to figs. 1 to a kind of welding method of super thick steel-casting of the embodiment of the present invention of Fig. 2 description, including following technique
Parameter and step:
Step S1, connector prepares, and using X-type groove, 55 ° ± 5 ° of positive bevel angle, groove depth t/2+ (5 ~ 7) mm(t is plate
It is thick), it is 60 ° ± 5 ° of backing groove angle, groove depth t/2- (5 ~ 7) mm, 0 ~ 2mm of root face, 2 ~ 3mm of play movement, right before assembly
Moisture, grease, impurity and the metal oxide film on base material surface are carefully cleared up, and connector front and back sides groove depth has asymmetry
Feature, positive groove depth is 10 ~ 15mm bigger than backing groove depth, to reduce Welding Angular Deformation using neutral layer plane；
Step S2, it preheats, resistor ceramic heating sheet is sticked into steel-casting position front and back sides to be welded, the surface of heating sheet, which covers, to be protected
Wen Mian sets 150 ~ 160 DEG C of preheating temperature, and the rate of heat addition is no more than 100 DEG C/h, and when heating keeps lesser temperature gradient, prevents
Only steel-casting works as groove root, surface, 1/4t depth at least 3 temperature are not less than because of the biggish thermal stress of uneven heating generation
It preheats and completes at 150 DEG C；To be further ensured that steel-casting uniformly preheats, when heating, can take intermittent heat, that is, heat about 20 points
Zhong Hou suspends 5 ~ 10 minutes；Using this preheating method it is possible to prevente effectively from improving because of the thermal stress that preheating temperature unevenness generates
Stress state inside steel-casting；
Step S3, backing welding, uses the bottoming of flux-cored wire gas shield welding after the completion of preheating, backing run heat input is not more than 15KJ/
Mm welds 3 layers, and at 150 DEG C ~ 250 DEG C, strict control thermal weld stress reduces welding deformation, and prevents hot tearing interlayer temperature
The generation of line；Meanwhile the number of plies of backing welding is unsuitable very few, prevents stress cracking, for backing weld seam, the welding of per pass weld seam
Destressing of warming oneself by a fire after the completion processing, temperature of warming oneself by a fire are not higher than 550 DEG C；
Step S4, reverse side gouge, reverse side gouge back chipping, and it is deep with 2 ~ 3mm of abrasive machine polishing, it is ensured that completely remove carburized layer；
Step S5, reverse side backing welding, after reverse side gouge back chipping, after so that steel-casting is reached preheating temperature according to step 2 the method,
3 layers of bottoming, backing run heat input is not more than 15KJ/mm, and interlayer temperature is at 150 DEG C ~ 250 DEG C.After the completion of the welding of per pass weld seam
Destressing of warming oneself by a fire processing；
Step S6, filling, cover welding, front and back sides respectively use a welder while being symmetrically welded, and thermal weld stress is little
In 18KJ/mm, successively hammering after every layer of weld passes are soldered reduces welding residual stress, when the weld seam overall thickness of front and back sides reaches
To plate thickness half when, subsequent preheating temperature can be reduced to not less than 120 DEG C；
Step S7, it is heat-treated after carrying out 550 DEG C of * 2h destressings immediately after the completion of welding, to prevent the generation of welding cold cracking, after
The temperature control requirement of heat treatment is as follows: room temperature ~ 550 DEG C heat rate and are not higher than 100 DEG C/h, and 550 DEG C keep the temperature 2 hours, 550 DEG C
~ 300 DEG C of rate of temperature fall are not higher than 100 DEG C/h, covering and heat insulating cotton slow cooling after 300 DEG C.
The present invention has the advantage that
(1) optimize groove type, optimize bevel angle, if bevel angle is excessive, welding capacity is big, increases welding deformation；Such as groove
Angle too small, steel-casting are not easy to fuse, and are easy to produce welding defect, in addition, front and back sides groove depth has asymmetric spy
Sign, positive groove depth is 10 ~ 15mm bigger than backing groove depth, to reduce Welding Angular Deformation using neutral layer plane；
(2) steel-casting thickness is big, and internal stress is larger, by controlling preheating rate, and takes the mode of intermittent heat, Ke Yiyou
Effect avoids improving the stress state inside steel-casting because of the thermal stress that preheating temperature unevenness generates；
(3) since super thick steel-casting takes X-type groove, stress when root pass welding is maximum, bakes to root pass
Fiery destressing processing is equivalent to root pass and carries out a high tempering processing, can effectively eliminate welding residual stress；
(4) hammer peening is carried out to remaining layer except prime coat, is by extension weld seam and surrounding compressive plastic deformation
Area's metal achievees the purpose that eliminate welding deformation and adjust residual stress to be effectively improved by this method because of welding capacity
The welding residual stress generated greatly；
(5) postwelding carries out hot destressing processing after 550 DEG C of * 2h immediately, carries out destressing processing to entire welding point, eliminates weldering
Power is scooped out, while controlling heating and rate of temperature fall, thermal stress caused by avoiding because of slab heating, cooling unevenly.
The present invention passes through the design of optimization groove, control preheating rate, destressing of warming oneself by a fire to root pass processing, remaining layer
The processes such as hot destressing processing after progress hammer peening, postwelding progress, can substantially reduce welding stress and welding deformation,
It greatly reduces steel-casting and the probability of weld crack occurs, mechanical property test, test result table are carried out to subsidiary test piece for welding
Bright, the mechanical properties such as yield strength, tensile strength, impact flexibility of welding point are able to satisfy standard requirements, through the invention
The welding method of the super thick steel-casting of offer can substantially reduce welding stress and welding deformation, greatly compared with conventional soldering method
Reducing steel-casting there is the probability of weld crack greatly, and the present invention can be used for stern tube, rudder horn, rudder bearer, the anchor of large ship
The welding of the super thick steel-casting at the positions such as lip.
In the description of this specification, the description meaning of reference term " one embodiment ", " example " or " some examples " etc.
Refer to that particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with this embodiment or example are contained at least one reality of the invention
It applies in example or example.In the present specification, schematic expression of the above terms are not necessarily referring to identical embodiment or show
Example.Moreover, particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be in any one or more of the embodiments or examples
It can be combined in any suitable manner.
Although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: not
A variety of change, modification, replacement and modification can be carried out to these embodiments in the case where being detached from the principle of the present invention and objective, this
The range of invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of welding method of super thick steel-casting, which comprises the following steps:
Step S1, connector prepares, and using X-type groove, 55 ° ± 5 ° of positive bevel angle, groove depth is plate thickness/2+ (5 ~ 7) mm,
60 ° ± 5 ° of backing groove angle, groove depth is plate thickness/2- (5 ~ 7) mm, 0 ~ 2mm of root face, 2 ~ 3mm of play movement；
Step S2, it preheats, resistor ceramic heating sheet is sticked into steel-casting position front and back sides to be welded, the surface of heating sheet, which covers, to be protected
Wen Mian sets 150 ~ 160 DEG C of preheating temperature, and the rate of heat addition is no more than 100 DEG C/h, when groove root, surface, 1/4 plate thickness depth
Preheating is completed when at least 3 temperature are not less than 150 DEG C；
Step S3, backing welding, uses the bottoming of flux-cored wire gas shield welding after the completion of preheating, backing run heat input is not more than 15KJ/
Mm welds 3 layers, and interlayer temperature is at 150 DEG C ~ 250 DEG C, for backing weld seam, destressing of warming oneself by a fire after the completion of the welding of per pass weld seam
Processing, temperature of warming oneself by a fire are not higher than 550 DEG C；
Step S4, reverse side gouge, reverse side gouge back chipping, and it is deep with 2 ~ 3mm of abrasive machine polishing, it is ensured that completely remove carburized layer；
Step S5, reverse side backing welding, after reverse side gouge back chipping, after so that steel-casting is reached preheating temperature according to step 2 the method,
3 layers of bottoming, backing run heat input is not more than 15KJ/mm, and interlayer temperature is after the completion of 150 DEG C ~ 250 DEG C, the welding of per pass weld seam
Destressing of warming oneself by a fire processing；
Step S6, filling, cover welding, front and back sides respectively use a welder while being symmetrically welded, and thermal weld stress is little
In 18KJ/mm, successively hammering after every layer of weld passes are soldered reduces welding residual stress, when the weld seam overall thickness of front and back sides reaches
To plate thickness half when, subsequent preheating temperature is down to not less than 120 DEG C；
Step S7, be heat-treated after carrying out 550 DEG C of * 2h destressings immediately after the completion of welding, temperature control requirement is as follows: from room temperature plus
The heating rate of temperature to 550 DEG C is not higher than 100 DEG C/h, and 550 DEG C keep the temperature 2 hours, and 550 DEG C are cooled to 300 DEG C of rate of temperature fall not
Higher than 100 DEG C/h, covering and heat insulating cotton slow cooling after 300 DEG C.
2. a kind of welding method of super thick steel-casting according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step S2, pre- thermal recovery
Intermittent heat is taken, heating about after twenty minutes, suspends 5 ~ 10 minutes.
3. a kind of welding method of super thick steel-casting according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step S1 is right before assembly
Moisture, grease, magazine and the metal oxide film on base material surface are carefully cleared up.
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| CN201810927494.6A CN109108431A (en) | 2018-08-15 | 2018-08-15 | A kind of welding method of super thick steel-casting |
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Cited By (5)
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| CN109967974A (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2019-07-05 | 安徽森罡钢结构工程有限公司 | A method of reducing steel construction product welding stress |
| CN110541067A (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2019-12-06 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Postweld heating process for preventing high-carbon equivalent vacuum super-thick composite blank welding seam from cracking |
| CN111299977A (en) * | 2020-03-19 | 2020-06-19 | 招商局重工（江苏）有限公司 | Tail shaft sleeve pipe joint lengthening process |
| CN113245670A (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2021-08-13 | 招商局重工（江苏）有限公司 | Welding evaluation test piece for ultra-thick steel casting and forged steel casting of stern shaft package and welding method thereof |
| CN113664458A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-11-19 | 北京星航机电装备有限公司 | Defect repairing method for deformed aluminum alloy projectile body launch canister weld joint |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110541067A (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2019-12-06 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Postweld heating process for preventing high-carbon equivalent vacuum super-thick composite blank welding seam from cracking |
| CN110541067B (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2021-04-02 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Postweld heating process for preventing high-carbon equivalent vacuum super-thick composite blank welding seam from cracking |
| CN111299977A (en) * | 2020-03-19 | 2020-06-19 | 招商局重工（江苏）有限公司 | Tail shaft sleeve pipe joint lengthening process |
| CN113245670A (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2021-08-13 | 招商局重工（江苏）有限公司 | Welding evaluation test piece for ultra-thick steel casting and forged steel casting of stern shaft package and welding method thereof |
| CN113245670B (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2021-09-14 | 招商局重工（江苏）有限公司 | Welding evaluation test piece for ultra-thick steel casting and forged steel casting of stern shaft package and welding method thereof |
| CN113664458A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-11-19 | 北京星航机电装备有限公司 | Defect repairing method for deformed aluminum alloy projectile body launch canister weld joint |
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Application publication date: 20190101 |