CN109107498A - gas distributor and reactor - Google Patents
gas distributor and reactor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109107498A CN109107498A CN201710493858.XA CN201710493858A CN109107498A CN 109107498 A CN109107498 A CN 109107498A CN 201710493858 A CN201710493858 A CN 201710493858A CN 109107498 A CN109107498 A CN 109107498A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- container
- pipeline assembly
- pipe
- bottom wall
- nozzle
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/18—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
- B01J8/1818—Feeding of the fluidising gas
- B01J8/1827—Feeding of the fluidising gas the fluidising gas being a reactant
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/18—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
- B01J8/20—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles with liquid as a fluidising medium
- B01J8/22—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles with liquid as a fluidising medium gas being introduced into the liquid
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
- B05B1/005—Nozzles or other outlets specially adapted for discharging one or more gases
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
- B05B1/30—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages
- B05B1/3006—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages the controlling element being actuated by the pressure of the fluid to be sprayed
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
- C10G2/30—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen
- C10G2/32—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen with the use of catalysts
- C10G2/34—Apparatus, reactors
- C10G2/342—Apparatus, reactors with moving solid catalysts
- C10G2/344—Apparatus, reactors with moving solid catalysts according to the "fluidised-bed" technique
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of gas distributors, and the bottom in container (1) is arranged and is connected with air inlet pipe (2)；Gas distributor includes the multilayer pipeline assembly being arranged spaced apartly along the longitudinal direction of container, every layer of pipeline assembly includes that a plurality of one end is connected the closed charging distributor pipe (3) of the other end with air inlet pipe, and the multiple nozzles (6) being connected with charging distributor pipe；Wherein, along from the bottom wall (11) far from container, to the direction of the bottom wall (11) close to container, the internal diameter of the charging distributor pipe of every layer of pipeline assembly is gradually reduced, and the internal diameter of nozzle is gradually increased.The invention also discloses a kind of reactors.The present invention not only ensure that gas was realized after gas distributor and be uniformly distributed, but also prevent catalyst in the deposition of reactor bottom, also reduce catalyst abrasion.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to coal chemical technologies, more particularly to gas distributor and reactor.
Background technique
As oil price is constantly soaring in recent years, people increasingly pay attention to the technology of development and production substitution oil product.Pass through
Coal, natural gas or other materials produce synthesis gas, and the requirement further according to fischer-tropsch synthetic catalyst to synthesis gas is become by water-gas
It changes and synthesis gas is handled with purified synthesis gas technique, hydro carbons is produced by F- T synthesis using synthesis gas after processing as raw material,
Then by-product oxygenatedchemicals simultaneously is processed using mature Petroleum Processing Technology, produces the environmental-friendly of high quality
Oil product.Fischer-Tropsch synthetic technology is developed, is had very important significance to the production technology of development substitution oil product.
In F- T synthesis paste state bed reactor, gas raw material enters gas feed distributor by air inlet pipe, in air inlet pressure
In the case that power is stablized, gas will be dispersed into each charging distributor pipe of gas feed distributor, and eventually by charging
Aperture on distributor pipe enters paste state bed reactor, drives the slurries (i.e. the mixture of liquid and solid catalyst) in reactor
Catalysis reaction is moved and generates, the liquid product of generation is separated by filtration or reactor is left in top overflow, gas-phase product and not
The gas of reaction leaves reactor by reactor head.
Fischer-Tropsch synthesis is a gas-liquid-solid phase reaction.Gas distributor is to guarantee unstrpped gas in bed uniformly
The important component of distribution.Main problem existing for gas distributor used at present is, although unstrpped gas is after distributor
Be able to achieve and be uniformly distributed, but the disturbance of gas cause catalyst abrasion and catalyst reactor bottom deposition.These are asked
The solution of topic is extremely important for the continuous operation for realizing paste state bed reactor.
The structure of existing gas feed distributor is mostly based on head type, filled type, tubular type and ramification.Head type gas
Mostly closed gas chamber is arranged to reallocate for gas in reactor bottom in distributor, but which results in reactor volumes
Waste, and existing makes slurries in reactor flow backward the risk for entering end socket；The structure of filled type distributor is simple, but is operating
Middle solid particle once enters filled layer and is difficult to be blown out, and filled layer is be easy to cause to block；Existing tubular type and ramification gas
In body distributor, although even gas distribution effect is preferable, one is showed in terms of reducing catalyst abrasion and preventing catalyst sedimentation
As.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the invention is to overcome the above problem of the existing technology, a kind of gas distributor is provided, the gas
Body distributor can effectively reduce the deposition of catalyst, while can also avoid catalyst abrasion.
To achieve the goals above, one aspect of the present invention provides a kind of gas distributor, be arranged in the bottom of container and
It is connected with air inlet pipe；Gas distributor includes the multilayer pipeline assembly being arranged spaced apartly along the longitudinal direction of container, often
Layer pipeline assembly includes that a plurality of one end is connected the closed charging distributor pipe of the other end with air inlet pipe, and with feed distributor pipe phase
Multiple nozzles of connection；Wherein, along from the bottom wall far from container to the direction of the bottom wall close to container, every layer of pipeline assembly
The internal diameter of charging distributor pipe is gradually reduced, and the internal diameter of nozzle is gradually increased.
Preferably, in the pipeline assembly close to the bottom wall of container, along the side from close to air inlet pipe to far from air inlet pipe
To the internal diameter of nozzle is gradually increased.
Preferably, the spacing between the pipeline assembly of the bottom wall of container and the bottom wall of container is proportional spacing.
Preferably, each nozzle includes the center nozzle that axis is vertical direction setting, further includes the axis with center nozzle
Multiple side spouts that line is at an angle of and is symmetrically arranged relative to center nozzle.
Preferably, the angle of the axis of the axis of center nozzle and side spout is 20 ° to 60 °, preferably 30 ° to 45 °.
Preferably, nozzle is provided with clapper, to prevent foreign matter from entering nozzle.
Preferably, clapper is spring pressuring plate.
Preferably, air inlet pipe extends along the longitudinal centre line of container and is connected to the central part of every layer of pipeline assembly
Position, each item charging distributor pipe are uniformly distributed with radial along the circumferential of air inlet pipe, are distributed on every charging distributor pipe multiple
Nozzle.
Preferably, gas distributor further includes a plurality of branch pipe in the region being evenly distributed between charging distributor pipe, branch
One end of pipe is connected to charging distributor pipe, and the other end is closed, and multiple nozzles are distributed on every branch pipe.
Preferably, gas distributor includes the bottom pipeline assembly being arranged close to the bottom wall of container, and the bottom far from container
The top layer pipeline assembly of wall setting；The internal diameter of the charging distributor pipe of bottom pipeline assembly is the charging distributor pipe of top layer pipeline assembly
0.1 times to 0.8 times, preferably 0.3 times to 0.6 times of internal diameter.
Preferably, the bottom wall of container is the recessed spherical surface in center region, and the bottom surface of bottom pipeline assembly is the bottom with container
The parallel spherical surface of wall；The bottom surface of top layer pipeline assembly is plane.
Preferably, in the pipeline assembly close to the bottom wall of container, along the side from far from air inlet pipe to close to air inlet pipe
To the development length that the bottom wall from charging distributor pipe towards container of nozzle extends is gradually increased.
Preferably, the maximum perpendicular spacing of bottom wall of the top layer pipeline assembly apart from container is 50mm to 200mm, preferably 70mm
To 140mm；The maximum perpendicular spacing of bottom wall of the bottom pipeline assembly apart from container is 20mm to 80mm, preferably 40mm to 60mm.
Preferably, the horizontal space of side wall of the periphery of top layer pipeline assembly apart from container is long not less than the radial direction of container
The 2.5% of degree；The horizontal space of side wall of the periphery of bottom pipeline assembly apart from container be container radical length 1.5% to
2.0%.
The present invention also provides a kind of reactor, the reactor is above-mentioned container.
Through the above technical solutions, gas distributor provided by the invention is arranged along the longitudinal direction of container spaced apartly
There is multilayer pipeline assembly.Every layer of pipeline assembly includes a plurality of charging distributor pipe, these charging distributor pipes one end and container into
Tracheae is connected, other end closing；There are also multiple nozzles to be connected with these charging distributor pipes.That is, every layer of pipeline
Component all forms the injector for making gas equably spray into container bottom.Also, in gas distributor of the invention, along from
Far from vessel bottom wall to the direction close to vessel bottom wall, the internal diameter of the charging distributor pipe of every layer of pipeline assembly is gradually reduced, but is sprayed
The internal diameter of mouth is gradually increased.In this way, bottom wall of the pipeline assembly closer to container, the internal diameter of this layer of pipeline assembly charging distributor pipe is got over
Small, nozzle inside diameter is bigger.The internal diameter for feeding distributor pipe is small, can reduce gas flow distribution, reduces the flow velocity of gas；In nozzle
Diameter is big, can reduce gas flow rate.Therefore, gas distributor structure according to the present invention, pipeline assembly is closer to the bottom of container
The flow velocity of wall, gas is smaller；For pipeline assembly further away from the bottom wall of container, the flow velocity of gas is bigger.Whereby, every layer of pipe can be made
For the gas that road component sprays when reaching vessel bottom wall, flow velocity all relatively, effectively eliminates dead angle, both ensure that gas passes through
It crosses after gas distributor and realizes and be uniformly distributed, and prevent catalyst in the deposition of reactor bottom, also reduce catalyst mill
Damage.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will the following detailed description will be given in the detailed implementation section.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of gas distributor installation according to the present invention in a reservoir；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of one layer of pipeline assembly in the multilayer pipeline assembly of gas distributor according to the present invention
Figure；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the nozzle of gas distributor according to the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the nozzle of gas distributor according to the present invention, shows spring pressuring plate.
Description of symbols
1 container, 11 bottom wall, 12 side wall
2 air inlet pipe 3 feed 4 branch pipe of distributor pipe
51 bottom pipeline assembly, 52 top layer pipeline assembly
6 nozzle, 61 center nozzle, 62 side spout
63 spring pressuring plates
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, detailed description of the preferred embodiments.It should be understood that this place is retouched
The specific embodiment stated is merely to illustrate and explain the present invention, and is not intended to restrict the invention.
With reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the present invention provides a kind of gas distributor.As shown in Figures 1 and 2, gas distributor is arranged
It is connected in the bottom of container 1, and with air inlet pipe 2, to make the gas in air inlet pipe 2 equably spray into the bottom of container 1,
It drives the slurries (i.e. the mixture of liquid phase and solid-phase reactant) in container 1 to move and generates catalysis reaction.Gas of the invention
Distributor includes multilayer pipeline assembly, these pipeline assemblies are arranged spaced apartly along the longitudinal direction of container 1.That is,
Gas distributor is arranged to layered structure, and every layer of pipeline assembly is both provided with a plurality of charging distributor pipe 3, and is distributed with charging
Multiple nozzles 6 that pipe is connected.One end of every charging distributor pipe 3 is connected to air inlet pipe 2, other end closing.In this way, in netted
The charging distributor pipe 3 of distribution forms the extension distributed architecture of air inlet pipe 2, and carrier gas area is expanded to and is slightly less than the transversal of container 1
Area, to realize substantially so that the gas sprayed is uniformly distributed on the cross-sectional area of container 1.Gas is entered from air inlet pipe 2
The pipeline assembly of each layer reaches container 1 by being ejected to the bottom of container 1 after feeding the shunting of distributor pipe 3 from each nozzle 6
Bottom wall after turn back upwards, drive the slurries movement in container 1, and prevent the solid-phase reactant in slurries from depositing.
Embodiment according to the present invention, along from the bottom wall 11 far from container 1 to the side of the bottom wall 11 close to container 1
To the internal diameter of the charging distributor pipe 3 of every layer of pipeline assembly is gradually reduced, and the internal diameter of nozzle 6 is gradually increased.That is, pipeline
Component is closer to the bottom wall 11 of container 1, and the internal diameter of the charging distributor pipe 3 of this layer of pipeline assembly is smaller, and the internal diameter of nozzle 6 is bigger；
Conversely, bottom wall 11 of the pipeline assembly apart from container 1 is remoter, the internal diameter of the charging distributor pipe 3 of this layer of pipeline assembly is bigger, nozzle 6
Internal diameter it is smaller.When flowing in the charging distributor pipe 3 of pipeline assembly of the gas from air inlet pipe 2 to different layers, charging point is flowed into
The flow and flow rate of gas in stringing 3 is just directly proportional to the charging internal diameter of distributor pipe 3.Therefore, feed distributor pipe 3 internal diameter compared with
Hour, it can reduce gas flow distribution, reduce gas flow rate.Thus the effect formed in gas distributor of the invention
It is that in the pipeline assembly of the bottom wall 11 of container 1, the flow and flow rate for feeding the gas in distributor pipe 3 is smaller；Further away from
In the pipeline assembly of the bottom wall 11 of container 1, the flow and flow rate for feeding the gas in distributor pipe 3 is bigger.On the other hand, work as gas
When flowing from charging distributor pipe 3 into different nozzles 6, the flow velocity of the gas in flow nozzle 6 and the internal diameter of nozzle 6 are at anti-
Than.Therefore, when the internal diameter of nozzle 6 is larger, it can reduce the flow velocity for spraying gas.Thus the shape in gas distributor of the invention
At effect be, in the pipeline assembly of the bottom wall 11 of container 1, nozzle 6 spray gas flow velocity it is smaller；Further away from appearance
In the pipeline assembly of the bottom wall 11 of device 1, the flow velocity for the gas that nozzle 6 sprays is bigger.
By above-mentioned, in gas distributor provided by the invention, pass through that internal diameter is arranged in every layer of pipeline assembly is different
Charging distributor pipe 3 and nozzle 6 so that the gas that sprays of every layer of pipeline assembly is when reaching the bottom wall 11 of container 1, flow velocity is all
Relatively, it can effectively eliminate dead angle.Even if can be also distributed equal in this way, solid-phase reactant temporarily falls in the bottom of container 1
Even gas blows off；Also, since gas is evenly distributed, so that uniform force when solid-phase reactant is blown afloat, solid-phase reactant
The bottom wall 11 of container 1 is hit strongly cause to wear due to the air-flow that will not be sprayed by the nozzle 6 of the bottom wall 11 close to container 1 is too fast.
By taking embodiment shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 as an example, gas distributor includes that the bottom wall 11 of close container 1 is arranged
Bottom pipeline assembly 51, and the top layer pipeline assembly 52 that the bottom wall far from container 1 is arranged.Top layer pipeline assembly 52 and bottom pipeline
Component 51 is arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction of container 1, and is connected with air inlet pipe 2.52 He of top layer pipeline assembly
Bottom pipeline assembly 51 includes a plurality of multiple nozzles 6 for feeding distributor pipe 3 and being connected with charging distributor pipe 3.According to this hair
The internal diameter of bright embodiment, the charging distributor pipe 3 of bottom pipeline assembly 51 is less than the charging distributor pipe 3 of top layer pipeline assembly 52
Internal diameter.Such as, but not limited to, the internal diameter top layer pipeline assembly 52 of the charging distributor pipe 3 of bottom pipeline assembly 51 can be made
Feed 0.1 times to 0.8 times, preferably 0.3 times to 0.6 times of the internal diameter of distributor pipe 3.When gas is from air inlet pipe 2 to top layer pipeline
When component 52 and bottom pipeline assembly 51 flow, since the internal diameter of the charging distributor pipe 3 of bottom pipeline assembly 51 is smaller, into
The gas flow entered to the charging distributor pipe 3 of bottom pipeline assembly 51 will be distributed than entering the charging of top layer pipeline assembly 52
The gas flow of pipe 3 is small.In addition, according to the present invention, the internal diameter of the nozzle 6 of bottom pipeline assembly 51 is greater than top layer pipeline assembly 52
Nozzle 6 internal diameter.Therefore, the air velocity sprayed from the nozzle 6 of bottom pipeline assembly 51 is significantly lower than from top layer pipeline group
The air velocity that the nozzle 6 of part 52 sprays.And when the air-flow that be sprayed from the nozzle 6 of bottom pipeline assembly 51 and from top layer pipeline group
When the air-flow that the nozzle 6 of part 52 sprays reaches the bottom wall 11 of container 1, the bottom wall 11 due to bottom pipeline assembly 51 apart from container 1
It is closer, therefore the air velocity that two groups of nozzles 6 spray just is substantially at close state.Whereby, air-flow can effectively be eliminated
At the purging dead angle of the bottom wall 11 of container 1, prevent solid-phase reactant in dead angle acumulation.In addition, though bottom pipeline assembly 51 away from
Spacing from bottom wall 11 is smaller, but because the air velocity that bottom pipeline assembly 51 sprays is lower, therefore not will cause solid phase reaction
Object abrasion；Although the air velocity that top layer pipeline assembly 52 sprays is higher, because top layer pipeline assembly 52 is between bottom wall 11
Away from larger, equally solid-phase reactant high-speed impact can be avoided to cause to wear to bottom wall 11.
It is to be illustrated by taking jaw elements component as an example above, the pipeline assembly of more layers can also be arranged in the present invention, all
It is embodiments of the present invention, within the scope of the present invention.Below for ease of description, still with jaw elements component
It is illustrated for structure, but does not therefore exclude the embodiment of more layers pipeline assembly.
It continues to refer to figure 1 and Fig. 2, embodiment according to the present invention, air inlet pipe 2 is prolonged along the longitudinal centre line of container 1
It stretches, and is connected to the centre of every layer of pipeline assembly.As shown in Figure 2, each item charging distributor pipe 3 is along air inlet pipe 2
It is circumferential to be uniformly distributed with radial.In this manner it is ensured that entering the pressure and speed base of the gas in every charging distributor pipe 3
This is suitable, so that gas is evenly distributed.Multiple nozzles 6 are distributed on every charging distributor pipe 3, these nozzles 6 can be with
Equally spacedly it is arranged, can also be otherwise arranged, but should preferably makes the stream of the gas sprayed from each nozzle 6 as far as possible
Speed is roughly the same.
Further, embodiment according to the present invention, gas distributor further include a plurality of branch pipe 4, these branch pipes 4 are uniform
Ground is distributed in the region between charging distributor pipe 3.One end of branch pipe 4 is connected to charging distributor pipe 3, other end closing, every branch
Multiple nozzles 6 are distributed on pipe 4.That is, carrier gas area further progress is extended by branch pipe 4, so that gas sprays
When it is more uniform.As shown in Figure 2, the two sides of every charging distributor pipe 3 extend outward spaced a plurality of branch pipe respectively
4.Tilt angle positioned at the direction of the branch pipe 4 of the side of each charging distributor pipe 3 and relative to charging distributor pipe 3 is homogeneous
Together, the spacing between each branch pipe 4 is also essentially identical.The purpose being arranged in this way is so that gas is evenly distributed when spraying.
As shown in Figures 1 and 2, embodiment according to the present invention, in the pipeline assembly of the bottom wall 11 close to container 1
In namely the bottom pipeline assembly 51 of embodiment shown in FIG. 1 in, along from close to air inlet pipe 2 to far from air inlet pipe 2 side
To the internal diameter of nozzle 6 is gradually increased.That is, along from the center of pipeline assembly to the direction of periphery, the internal diameter of nozzle 6
It is gradually increased.Since the pipeline assembly of such as bottom pipeline assembly 51 is arranged close to the bottom wall 11 of container 1, the bottom wall with container 1
11 spacing is smaller, therefore the air-flow that the solid-phase reactant temporarily fallen on bottom wall 11 sprays the nozzle 6 of these pipeline assemblies
More sensitive, the nozzle 6 on these pipeline assemblies should guarantee to spray more uniform air-flow as far as possible.The gas sprayed due to nozzle 6
The speed of stream is related with the pressure difference of 6 front and back of nozzle, after gas is gradually sprayed from nozzle 6, closer to the periphery of pipeline assembly, spray
6 front and back pressure difference of mouth is smaller, and the speed for the air-flow for causing nozzle to spray reduces, and is likely to result in solid-phase reactant in pipeline assembly
It is deposited on bottom wall 11 corresponding to peripheral region.The present invention is by the internal diameter of the nozzle 6 of such as pipeline assembly of bottom pipeline assembly 51
It is arranged along the direction from close to air inlet pipe 2 to far from air inlet pipe 2 to be gradually increased, so that the pipe of such as bottom pipeline assembly 51
The jet amount of the nozzle 6 of the peripheral region of road component increases, to reduce what solid-phase reactant was deposited in the peripheral region of pipeline assembly
Possibility.In other embodiments, this problem can also be solved by changing the spacing of nozzle 6.For example, can be along
Direction from close to air inlet pipe 2 to far from air inlet pipe 2, the spacing of nozzle 6 is gradually reduced, to reduce solid-phase reactant in pipe
A possibility that peripheral region deposition of road component.Certainly, the embodiment for changing the internal diameter of nozzle 6 is more convenient for implementing.
In addition, embodiment according to the present invention, near the pipeline assembly of the bottom wall 11 of container 1, reality shown in Fig. 1
It applies and refers to bottom pipeline assembly 51 in example, the spacing between the bottom wall 11 of container 1 is proportional spacing.As previously mentioned, all
As bottom pipeline assembly 51 pipeline assembly in, the internal diameter of nozzle 6 along the direction from the periphery of pipeline assembly to center gradually
Reduce, it is roughly the same with the air velocity that this sprays each nozzle 6.But if in view of bottom wall 11 is possible to not be plane
But when other shapes, e.g. spherical surface shown in FIG. 1, although the air-flow that each nozzle 6 of bottom pipeline assembly 51 sprays
Speed is roughly the same, also air-flow arrival 11 time-division of bottom wall can may occur because spacing of these nozzles 6 apart from bottom wall 11 is different
The non-uniform problem of cloth.Gas distributor of the invention will be set as and container 1 near the pipeline assembly of the bottom wall 11 of container 1
Bottom wall 11 between spacing be proportional spacing, that is, no matter which kind of shape bottom wall 11 is, the pipeline assembly near bottom wall 11 is equal
Be arranged to substantially with 11 keeping parallelism of bottom wall so that spacing of each nozzle 6 apart from bottom wall is substantially suitable.In this manner it is possible to
It can still be maintained and be uniformly distributed when making the jet-impingement uniformly sprayed to bottom wall 11, air-flow can effectively disturb bottom wall 11
Solid-phase reactant, to prevent solid-phase reactant deposition dead angle.Certainly, if gas distributor has three layers or more of pipe
When the component of road, can also will be close to two layers of bottom wall 11 or three layers of pipeline assembly be all provided be set to it is substantially parallel with bottom wall 11
Shape, these embodiments are all simple deformations of the invention.
In more detail, as shown in fig. 1, according to the present invention when the bottom wall of container 1 is the recessed spherical surface in center region
The bottom surface of the bottom pipeline assembly 51 near bottom wall 11 is set the ball being substantially parallel with bottom wall 11 by embodiment
Face flows to gas so that the spacing of each nozzle 6 of bottom pipeline assembly 51 and bottom wall 11 generally remains identical spacing
It keeps being uniformly distributed when up to bottom wall 11.It certainly, can also in the embodiment of pipeline assembly in gas distributor with more layers
With will be close to the bottom surface of the pipeline assembly of the layer second from the bottom even more multilayer of bottom wall 11 be also provided with into it is substantially parallel with bottom wall 11
Spherical shape.These embodiments are all simple deformations of the invention.In addition, embodiment according to the present invention, top layer pipe
Flat shape can be set into the bottom surface of road component 52.That is, each layer pipeline assembly can not be and be arranged to same shape
Shape.It in other embodiments, can be by the pipeline assembly of the bottom such as when gas distributor includes three-layer pipe road component
Bottom surface be arranged to the spherical surface parallel with bottom wall 11, the bottom surface of other jaw elements component is all provided with and is set to plane；It can also incite somebody to action
The bottom surface of the pipeline assembly of top is arranged to plane, the bottom surface of other jaw elements component is all provided be set to it is parallel with bottom wall 11
Spherical surface.Any combination embodiment can be required according to the difference to gas distributor.It is arranged with by the bottom surface of pipeline assembly
It is compared at the embodiment of spherical surface, the manufacturing cost that the bottom surface of pipeline assembly is arranged to the embodiment of plane is more lower.
In addition, embodiment according to the present invention, when the bottom wall of container 1 is the recessed spherical surface in center region, close to appearance
In the pipeline assembly of the bottom wall 11 of device 1 namely in the bottom pipeline assembly 51 of embodiment shown in FIG. 1, along from far from air inlet
Pipe 2 arrive close to air inlet pipe 2 direction, nozzle 6 from charging distributor pipe 3 towards container 1 bottom wall 11 extend development length by
It is cumulative big.That is, along from the periphery of pipeline assembly to the direction at center, the development length of nozzle 6 is gradually increased.As before
It is described, in such as pipeline assembly of bottom pipeline assembly 51, can make the internal diameter of nozzle 6 along the periphery from pipeline assembly to
The direction at center is gradually reduced, roughly the same with the air velocity that this sprays each nozzle 6.But work as the bottom wall 11 of container 1
When being all spherical surfaces as shown in Figure 1, solid-phase reactant is possible to deposit in the central area of bottom wall 11.Therefore, the present invention adopts
The development length that will be close to the nozzle at air inlet pipe 26 is taken to lengthen, in this way, even if the central area of bottom wall 11 is recessed shape,
Nozzle 6 can also be shortened to the spacing between bottom wall 11, so that bottom pipeline assembly 51 by extending the length of nozzle 6
Spacing of each nozzle 6 apart from bottom wall 11 still be able to keep approximately the same distance.
In addition, as shown in fig. 1, according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, bottom of the top layer pipeline assembly 52 apart from container 1
The maximum perpendicular spacing of wall 11 is 50mm to 200mm, preferably 70mm to 140mm；Bottom wall of the bottom pipeline assembly 51 apart from container 1
11 maximum perpendicular spacing is 20mm to 80mm, preferably 40mm to 60mm.As shown in Figure 2, preferred implementation according to the present invention
Mode, the horizontal space of side wall 12 of the periphery of top layer pipeline assembly 52 apart from container 1 are the internal diameter not less than container 1
2.5%；The horizontal space of side wall 12 of the periphery of bottom pipeline assembly 51 apart from container 1 be container internal diameter 1.5% to
2.0%.Under this parameter setting, catalyst will not be deposited in reactor bottom, while will not be worn.
With reference to Fig. 3, embodiment according to the present invention, each nozzle 6 includes center nozzle 61 and multiple relative to center
The side spout 62 that spout 61 is symmetrically arranged.The axis of center nozzle 61 is arranged along the vertical direction, and the axis of side spout 62 is in
The axis of heart spout 61 is angularly arranged.Multiple spouts are arranged in each nozzle 6, can further expand carrier gas area；Center
Spout 61 sprays air-flow straight down, and side spout 62 sprays air-flow from other angles, so that the air-flow that nozzle 6 sprays has more greatly
Coverage area；To so that air flow method is more uniform.In addition, the shaft section of center nozzle 61 and side spout 62 can be set
It is set to truncated cone shape, angle of taper range can be set between 60-150 °.Preferably, the axis of center nozzle 61 and side
The angle of the axis of spout 62, the angle β as shown in Figure 3 are 20 ° to 60 °, it is highly preferred that the angle is 30 ° to 45 °.In this way
Angle setting the distribution of air-flow can be made more uniform, avoid generate dead angle.
With reference to Fig. 4, embodiment according to the present invention, nozzle 6 is provided with clapper, to prevent foreign matter from entering nozzle 6.
Air-flow in clapper operation nozzle 6 is sprayed from nozzle 6, but foreign is not allowed to enter in nozzle 6.Namely
It says, when the pressure of air inlet pipe 2 is normal, the pressure of gas can push clapper open, and gas can enter appearance by nozzle 6
In device 1；When the pressure instability of air inlet pipe 2, or when interim interruption, clapper closure.To avoid slurries from flowing backward to nozzle
6, and then adverse current is avoided to enter air inlet pipe 2 and block.Preferably, clapper is spring pressuring plate 63.Spring pressuring plate 63 structure letter
It is single, it is at low cost, it is easy to accomplish.
Another aspect of the present invention also provides a kind of reactor, i.e., above-mentioned container 1.Gas distributor is mounted on reactor
Bottom, air inlet pipe 2 are connected after being through to the inside of reactor from the bottom wall 11 of reactor with each layer pipeline assembly.Especially use
In the paste state bed reactor of F- T synthesis, after above-mentioned gas distributor is installed, it can both prevent the catalyst in slurries from reacting
Device bottom deposit, and catalyst abrasion can be prevented, it is starched when raw gas pressure can also be avoided unstable or gas supply interruption
Liquid adverse current blocking air inlet pipe 2.
It is above-mentioned whole embodiment can with reactor any combination, all within the scope of the present invention.It is identical
Details are not described herein again for content.
[embodiment]
It is tested on the paste state bed reactor of 0.5m diameter.The form of gas distributor is as shown in Figures 1 to 4.It adopts
Use a kind of solid powder th-1 catalyst and atoleine as test medium, the particle size range of catalyst is 30~150um, controls gas
Flow velocity degree maintains 0.25m/s, verifies to the performance of gas distributor and reactor.Wherein, gas distributor has two layers
Pipeline assembly, the internal diameter about 40mm, the internal diameter of branch pipe about 30mm of the charging distributor pipe of top layer pipeline assembly；Bottom pipeline assembly
Feed the internal diameter about 20mm, the internal diameter of branch pipe about 15mm of distributor pipe.The internal diameter 4mm of the nozzle of top layer pipeline assembly, nozzle length
For 10mm；In the nozzle of bottom pipeline assembly, the internal diameter close to the nozzle of air inlet pipe is 6mm, nozzle length 20mm, close to pipe
The internal diameter of the nozzle of road component peripheral region is 10mm, nozzle length 15mm.
Test result discovery reactor bottom does not have catalyst deposit, and reactor is evenly distributed along axial gas, reacts
Catalyst particle size in device has almost no change compared with fresh catalyst.
Test result shows the structurally reasonable of the gas distributor and its reactor provided according to the present invention, significant effect.
It is described the prefered embodiments of the present invention in detail above in conjunction with attached drawing, still, the present invention is not limited thereto.At this
It, can be with various simple variants of the technical solution of the present invention are made in the range of the technology design of invention.Including each particular technique
Feature is combined in any suitable manner.In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention is to various combinations of possible ways
No further explanation will be given.But it should also be regarded as the disclosure of the present invention for these simple variants and combination, belongs to the present invention
Protection scope.
Claims (15)
1. a kind of gas distributor is arranged the bottom in container (1) and is connected with air inlet pipe (2)；It is characterized in that, described
Gas distributor includes the multilayer pipeline assembly being arranged spaced apartly along the longitudinal direction of the container (1), every layer of pipe
Road component includes that a plurality of one end is connected the closed charging distributor pipe (3) of the other end with the air inlet pipe (2), and with it is described into
Multiple nozzles (6) that material distributor pipe (3) is connected；Wherein, along from the bottom wall (11) far from the container (1) to close to described
The internal diameter in the direction of the bottom wall (11) of container (1), the charging distributor pipe (3) of every layer of pipeline assembly is gradually reduced, institute
The internal diameter for stating nozzle (6) is gradually increased.
2. gas distributor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the bottom wall (11) close to the container (1)
In the pipeline assembly, along from the direction close to the air inlet pipe (2) to separate the air inlet pipe (2), the nozzle (6)
Internal diameter is gradually increased.
3. gas distributor according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the bottom wall (11) near the container (1)
Spacing between the pipeline assembly and the bottom wall (11) of the container (1) is proportional spacing.
4. gas distributor according to any one of claim 1-3, which is characterized in that each nozzle (6) includes
Axis is the center nozzle (61) of vertical direction setting, further includes angled and opposite with the axis of the center nozzle (61)
In multiple side spouts (62) that the center nozzle (61) is symmetrically arranged.
5. gas distributor according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the axis of the center nozzle (61) and the side
The angle of the axis of spout (62) is 20 ° to 60 °, preferably 30 ° to 45 °.
6. gas distributor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the nozzle (6) is provided with clapper, to prevent
Only foreign matter enters the nozzle (6).
7. gas distributor according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the clapper is spring pressuring plate (63).
8. gas distributor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the air inlet pipe (2) is along the container (1)
Longitudinal centre line extends and is connected to the centre of every layer of pipeline assembly, charging distributor pipe (3) described in each item along
The circumferential direction of the air inlet pipe (2) is uniformly distributed with radial, and multiple nozzles are distributed on every charging distributor pipe (3)
(6)。
9. gas distributor according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the gas distributor further includes being evenly distributed
The a plurality of branch pipe (4) in the region between charging distributor pipe (3), one end of the branch pipe (4) are connected to the charging point
Stringing (3), the other end are closed, and multiple nozzles (6) are distributed on every branch pipe (4).
10. gas distributor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the gas distributor includes close to the appearance
The bottom pipeline assembly (51) of bottom wall (11) setting of device (1), and the top layer pipe that the bottom wall (11) far from the container (1) is arranged
Road component (52)；
The internal diameter of the charging distributor pipe (3) of the bottom pipeline assembly (51) is the described of the top layer pipeline assembly (52)
Feed 0.1 times to 0.8 times, preferably 0.3 times to 0.6 times of the internal diameter of distributor pipe (3).
11. gas distributor according to claim 10, which is characterized in that centered on the bottom wall (11) of the container (1)
The recessed spherical surface in region, the bottom surface of the bottom pipeline assembly (51) are the spherical surface parallel with bottom wall (11) of the container (1)；
The bottom surface of the top layer pipeline assembly (52) is plane.
12. gas distributor according to claim 11, which is characterized in that in the bottom wall (11) close to the container (1)
The pipeline assembly in, along from the direction far from the air inlet pipe (2) to close the air inlet pipe (2), the nozzle (6)
From it is described charging distributor pipe (3) towards the container (1) bottom wall (11) extend development length be gradually increased.
13. gas distributor according to claim 11 or 12, which is characterized in that top layer pipeline assembly (52) distance
The maximum perpendicular spacing of the bottom wall (11) of the container (1) is 50mm to 200mm, preferably 70mm to 140mm；The bottom pipeline
The maximum perpendicular spacing of bottom wall (11) of the component (51) apart from the container (1) is 20mm to 80mm, preferably 40mm to 60mm.
14. gas distributor according to claim 10, which is characterized in that the periphery of the top layer pipeline assembly (52) away from
The horizontal space of side wall (12) from the container (1) is 2.5% of the radical length not less than the container (1)；The bottom
The horizontal space of side wall (12) of the periphery of layer pipeline assembly (51) apart from the container (1) is the radical length of the container
1.5% to 2.0%.
15. a kind of reactor, which is characterized in that the reactor is container (1) described in any one of claim 1-14.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710493858.XA CN109107498A (en) | 2017-06-26 | 2017-06-26 | gas distributor and reactor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710493858.XA CN109107498A (en) | 2017-06-26 | 2017-06-26 | gas distributor and reactor |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109107498A true CN109107498A (en) | 2019-01-01 |
Family
ID=64733882
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710493858.XA Pending CN109107498A (en) | 2017-06-26 | 2017-06-26 | gas distributor and reactor |
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| CN (1) | CN109107498A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111036151A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-04-21 | 上海睿碳能源科技有限公司 | Slurry bed reactor with multi-stage perforated structure distribution plate |
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