CN109104236A - A kind of method that low orbit satellite is communicated with grounded receiving station - Google Patents
A kind of method that low orbit satellite is communicated with grounded receiving station Download PDFInfo
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- CN109104236A CN109104236A CN201810795053.5A CN201810795053A CN109104236A CN 109104236 A CN109104236 A CN 109104236A CN 201810795053 A CN201810795053 A CN 201810795053A CN 109104236 A CN109104236 A CN 109104236A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
- H04B7/1851—Systems using a satellite or space-based relay
- H04B7/18519—Operations control, administration or maintenance
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods that low orbit satellite is communicated with grounded receiving station.It the following steps are included: low orbit satellite judge whether itself current present position is located at can be with the region of grounded receiving station direct communication, it can be with the region of grounded receiving station direct communication if be located at, then low orbit satellite is directly communicated with grounded receiving station, it can not be with the region of grounded receiving station direct communication if be located at, then low orbit satellite select one can with itself direct communication but also and grounded receiving station direct communication high rail satellite as terminal, and it is communicated with the high rail satellite foundation, high rail satellite as terminal forwards the communication data between low orbit satellite and grounded receiving station.The present invention can guarantee that low orbit satellite Star Simulator is remained with grounded receiving station and communicate, and realize low-orbit satellite seamless coverage.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the sides that technical field of satellite communication more particularly to a kind of low orbit satellite are communicated with grounded receiving station
Method.
Background technique
The orbit altitude of low orbit satellite is 200~2000 kms, and coverage area is smaller, between ground when direct communication
Between it is shorter, substantially within 10 minutes, it is difficult to guarantee that the ground of Star Simulator is continuously connected with, therefore, being badly in need of a kind of technology can make
Low orbit satellite can be remained with ground and be communicated.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, The present invention provides a kind of method that low orbit satellite is communicated with grounded receiving station,
It can guarantee that low orbit satellite Star Simulator is remained with grounded receiving station and communicate, and realize low-orbit satellite seamless coverage.
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is achieved by the following scheme:
The method that a kind of low orbit satellite of the invention is communicated with grounded receiving station, comprising the following steps:
Low orbit satellite judge itself current present position whether be located at can with the region of grounded receiving station direct communication, such as
Fruit is located at can be with the region of grounded receiving station direct communication, then low orbit satellite is directly communicated with grounded receiving station, if be located at
Can not with the region of grounded receiving station direct communication, then low orbit satellite select one can be with itself direct communication but also the ground and
The high rail satellite of face receiving station direct communication is communicated as terminal, and with the high rail satellite foundation, the high rail as terminal
Satellite forwards the communication data between low orbit satellite and grounded receiving station；
Determine low orbit satellite can with the method in the region of grounded receiving station direct communication the following steps are included:
M1: when initial, according to the running track of low orbit satellite and the position of grounded receiving station, the operation of low orbit satellite is determined
It can be initial direct communication region by the area marking with the region of grounded receiving station direct communication in track；
M2: low orbit satellite is run one week around the earth, is persistently led to after entering initial direct communication region with grounded receiving station
Letter is determined to the region with grounded receiving station success communication, and using the region as final direct communication region, this is final straight
Connecing communication zone is exactly that low orbit satellite can be with the region of grounded receiving station direct communication.
In the technical scheme, low orbit satellite goes out self-position according to itself ephemeris computation, passes through each high rail Satellite
It goes through and calculates each high rail satellite position.If low orbit satellite can with the orbital region of grounded receiving station direct communication,
Lowboy satellite is directly communicated with grounded receiving station, ensure that the transmission speed of data, path loss are small.If low orbit satellite is mobile
To cannot with the orbital region of grounded receiving station direct communication, then by can be with itself direct communication but also and grounded receiving station
The communication with grounded receiving station is realized in the high rail satellite transfer of direct communication.
When high rail satellite is as terminal, the information data that low orbit satellite will be sent to grounded receiving station is sent to high rail
The information data is forwarded to grounded receiving station by satellite, high rail satellite；Grounded receiving station will be sent to the information of low orbit satellite
Data are sent to high rail satellite, which is forwarded to low orbit satellite by high rail satellite.
Low orbit satellite determines the position of each high rail satellite according to the ephemeris of each high rail satellite, according to itself present bit
Set, each high rail satellite current location, grounded receiving station location lookup go out can be with itself direct communication but also and ground receiver
All high rail satellites for direct communication of standing.Low orbit satellite therefrom selects one high rail satellite as terminal.
When low rail defends initial launch, which partial region can be with ground receiver in the accurate track for determining low orbit satellite
It stands direct communication.
This method using the wide feature of high rail satellite coverage, low orbit satellite cannot be with grounded receiving station direct communication
When, it is transmitted using high rail satellite interim data, so that low orbit satellite Star Simulator is remained with grounded receiving station and is communicated, it is real
Existing low-orbit satellite seamless coverage.
Preferably, specific step is as follows by the step M2: low orbit satellite is run one week around the earth, initial having just enter into
When direct communication region, receiving station persistently sends verification information to low orbit satellite to the ground, and record sends low when every verification information
The location of rail satellite, and the feedback information for waiting grounded receiving station to be received to send, by receive first feedback information
Start position of the transmission position of corresponding verification information as final direct communication region feeds back the last item received
Final position of the transmission position of the corresponding verification information of information as final direct communication region, the final direct communication region
It is exactly that low orbit satellite can be with the region of grounded receiving station direct communication.
Preferably, all with unique number in every verification information, grounded receiving station is received after verification information all
The feedback information with verification information number can be issued.
Preferably, the low orbit satellite, which selects one, directly to be led to itself direct communication but also with grounded receiving station
The high rail satellite of letter as terminal, and the method that is communicated with high rail satellite foundation the following steps are included: low orbit satellite according to
The ephemeris of each high rail satellite determines the position of each high rail satellite, according to itself current location, each high rail satellite present bit
Set, grounded receiving station location lookup go out can with itself direct communication but also with the high rail satellite of grounded receiving station direct communication,
Calculating and each of finding out linkage length D, D=D1+D2, D1 that high rail satellite and grounded receiving station, low orbit satellite form is height
The distance between rail satellite and grounded receiving station, D2 are the distance between high rail satellite and low orbit satellite, select most short link long
High rail satellite corresponding to D is spent as terminal, and low orbit satellite is communicated with the high rail satellite foundation.
The shortest link of linkage length D is selected, so that the data transmission delay of low orbit satellite and grounded receiving station is small as far as possible,
Reduce path loss.
Preferably, the low orbit satellite, which selects one, directly to be led to itself direct communication but also with grounded receiving station
The high rail satellite of letter as terminal, and the method that is communicated with high rail satellite foundation the following steps are included:
S1: low orbit satellite determines the position of each high rail satellite according to the ephemeris of each high rail satellite, current according to itself
Position, each high rail satellite current location, grounded receiving station location lookup go out to connect with itself direct communication but also with ground
The high rail satellite of station direct communication is received, and sends inquiry request to these high rail satellites, inquiry is received and connects the high rail of request and defend
Star sends feedback information to low orbit satellite, with the current low orbit satellite of linking communications of corresponding high rail satellite in feedback information
Quantity, low orbit satellite select the high rail satellite of linking communications low orbit satellite minimum number to establish as terminal, and with it
Communication；
S2: when low orbit satellite detects that the high rail satellite communicated with itself foundation cannot be with self communication or the high rail satellite
When cannot communicate with grounded receiving station, step S1 is executed.
So that the low orbit satellite equal number of each high rail satellite link, avoids individual high rail inserting of satellite low orbit satellite numbers
Measure excessive, overload, while the data transmission bauds of guarantee and the low orbit satellite linked.
Preferably, the method that a kind of low orbit satellite is communicated with grounded receiving station, which is characterized in that further include with
Lower step:
The region division that high rail satellite is covered it is established communication from each subregion at several sub-regions
All low orbit satellites in select one or more low orbit satellites as relay station, other in each subregion are defended with the high rail
The low orbit satellite that star establishes communication all passes through the low orbit satellite and high low-orbit satellite communication as relay station；
After the low orbit satellite as relay station leaves corresponding sub-region, high rail satellite reselects one from the subregion
A low orbit satellite established communication is as new relay station.
By the communication data of the low orbit satellite in each subregion by the relay station forwarding in the region, as relay station
Low orbit satellite shared the load of high rail satellite, be convenient for the high more low orbit satellites of rail inserting of satellite.
Low orbit satellite in each subregion will send information to the low orbit satellite as relay station, as the low of relay station
Rail satellite will forward information to high rail satellite again, and the information that high rail satellite issues first is sent to the low orbit satellite as relay station,
Low orbit satellite as relay station transfers it to corresponding low orbit satellite again.
Preferably, really as the low orbit satellite quantity of relay station in high rail Real-time Monitoring of Satellite each subregion, it is real
When low orbit satellite quantity of the adjustment as relay station so that the interior low orbit satellite quantity etc. really as relay station of each subregion
In calculated optimal number；
The method calculated in each subregion as the optimal number of the low orbit satellite of relay station is as follows: when A is the integer of N
Times when, D=A/N；When A is not the integral multiple of N, D is equal to after A is rounded divided by the quotient of N and adds 1；Wherein, D is conduct in subregion
The low orbit satellite quantity of relay station, A are the low orbit satellite total quantity for establishing communication in subregion with corresponding high rail satellite, and N is to set
The low orbit satellite quantity that a fixed relay station has access to.
It is high if being greater than calculated optimal number really as the low orbit satellite quantity of relay station in certain sub-regions
Low orbit satellite of the rail satellite by part as relay station is adjusted to common low orbit satellite, cancels it and relays permission, so that the sub-district
It is equal to calculated optimal number really as the low orbit satellite quantity of relay station in domain；If in certain sub-regions really as
The low orbit satellite quantity of relay station is less than calculated optimal number, then the common low orbit satellite in part is adjusted to by high rail satellite
As the low orbit satellite of relay station so that the subregion in really as relay station low orbit satellite quantity be equal to it is calculated most
Good quantity.
Preferably, carrying S frequency range, X frequency range or Ka frequency range multi-beam bidirectional data transfers load on high rail satellite, build
The vertical bi-directional transmission link between low orbit satellite, realizes the data exchange between high rail satellite and low orbit satellite.
Preferably, carrying Ka frequency range or X frequency range parabola antenna and communication payload on high rail satellite, realize that high rail is defended
Data exchange between star and grounded receiving station.
Preferably, installing the answering machine exchanged with high rail satellite data, working frequency range and high rail on low-orbit satellite
Satellite matching, answering machine realizes two kinds of functions, first is that the reception of high rail satellite data, and transfer data to low orbit satellite data
Administrative unit；Second is that being sent to high rail satellite after low orbit satellite business datum or measuring and control data are formatted.
It communicates, realizes the beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) guarantees that low orbit satellite Star Simulator is remained with grounded receiving station
Low-orbit satellite seamless coverage is effective high.(2) high rail number of satellite is few, and system upgrade maintenance is easy.(3) not by country and
Territory restriction is suitable for rapid deployment.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of the invention；
Fig. 2 is schematic diagram of the high rail satellite as relay station.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawing the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1: the method that a kind of low orbit satellite of the present embodiment is communicated with grounded receiving station, as shown in Figure 1, include with
Lower step:
Low orbit satellite judge itself current present position whether be located at can with the region of grounded receiving station direct communication, such as
Fruit is located at can be with the region of grounded receiving station direct communication, then low orbit satellite is directly communicated with grounded receiving station, if be located at
Can not with the region of grounded receiving station direct communication, then low orbit satellite select one can be with itself direct communication but also the ground and
The high rail satellite of face receiving station direct communication is communicated as terminal, and with the high rail satellite foundation, the high rail as terminal
Satellite forwards the communication data between low orbit satellite and grounded receiving station.
Determine low orbit satellite can with the method in the region of grounded receiving station direct communication the following steps are included:
M1: when initial, according to the running track of low orbit satellite and the position of grounded receiving station, the operation of low orbit satellite is determined
It can be initial direct communication region by the area marking with the region of grounded receiving station direct communication in track；
M2: then, low orbit satellite around the earth run one week, when having just enter into initial direct communication region, low orbit satellite to
Grounded receiving station persistently sends verification information, the location of low orbit satellite when record sends every verification information, and waits waiting
The feedback information that grounded receiving station is sent is received, the transmission position of the corresponding verification information of receive first feedback information is made
For the start position in final direct communication region, by the transmission position of the corresponding verification information of the last item feedback information received
The final position as final direct communication region is set, which is exactly that low orbit satellite can be with ground receiver
The region for direct communication of standing.
All with unique number in every verification information, grounded receiving station receives all issue after verification information and have
The feedback information of verification information number.
Low orbit satellite goes out self-position according to itself ephemeris computation, calculates each high rail by each high rail satellite ephemeris
Satellite position.If low orbit satellite can with the orbital region of grounded receiving station direct communication, lowboy satellite directly with ground
The communication of face receiving station, ensure that the transmission speed of data, path loss are small.It cannot be with ground receiver if low orbit satellite is moved to
The orbital region for direct communication of standing, as shown in Fig. 2, low orbit satellite is by can be with itself direct communication but also and grounded receiving station
The communication with grounded receiving station is realized in the high rail satellite transfer of direct communication.
When low rail defends initial launch, which partial region can be with ground receiver in the accurate track for determining low orbit satellite
It stands direct communication.
When high rail satellite is as terminal, the information data that low orbit satellite will be sent to grounded receiving station is sent to high rail
The information data is forwarded to grounded receiving station by satellite, high rail satellite；Grounded receiving station will be sent to the information of low orbit satellite
Data are sent to high rail satellite, which is forwarded to low orbit satellite by high rail satellite.
This method using the wide feature of high rail satellite coverage, low orbit satellite cannot be with grounded receiving station direct communication
When, it is transmitted using high rail satellite interim data, so that low orbit satellite Star Simulator is remained with grounded receiving station and is communicated, it is real
Existing low-orbit satellite seamless coverage.
Low orbit satellite select one can with itself direct communication again with the high rail satellite of grounded receiving station direct communication
The method communicated is established the following steps are included: low orbit satellite is according to each high rail satellite as terminal, and with the high rail satellite
Ephemeris determine the position of each high rail satellite, according to itself current location, each high rail satellite current location, grounded receiving station
Location lookup go out can with itself direct communication but also with the high rail satellite of grounded receiving station direct communication, calculate find out it is every
The linkage length D, D=D1+D2, D1 that a high rail satellite and grounded receiving station, low orbit satellite form are that high rail satellite connects with ground
The distance between station is received, D2 is the distance between high rail satellite and low orbit satellite, selects high rail corresponding to most short linkage length D
Satellite is communicated as terminal, low orbit satellite with the high rail satellite foundation.
The shortest link of linkage length D is selected, so that the data transmission delay of low orbit satellite and grounded receiving station is small as far as possible,
Reduce path loss.
S frequency range, X frequency range or Ka frequency range multi-beam are carried on high rail satellite (6 to 8 wave beams, number of beams are expansible)
Bidirectional data transfers load is established the bi-directional transmission link between low orbit satellite, is realized between high rail satellite and low orbit satellite
Data exchange.
Ka frequency range or X frequency range parabola antenna and communication payload are carried on high rail satellite, realize high rail satellite and ground
Data exchange between receiving station.
The answering machine exchanged with high rail satellite data is installed on low-orbit satellite, working frequency range is matched with high rail satellite,
Answering machine realizes two kinds of functions, first is that the reception of high rail satellite data, and transfer data to low orbit satellite Data Management Unit；
Second is that being sent to high rail satellite after low orbit satellite business datum or measuring and control data are formatted.
Embodiment 2: the method that a kind of low orbit satellite of the present embodiment is communicated with grounded receiving station, comprising the following steps:
Low orbit satellite judge itself current present position whether be located at can with the region of grounded receiving station direct communication, such as
Fruit is located at can be with the region of grounded receiving station direct communication, then low orbit satellite is directly communicated with grounded receiving station, if be located at
Can not with the region of grounded receiving station direct communication, then low orbit satellite select one can be with itself direct communication but also the ground and
The high rail satellite of face receiving station direct communication is communicated as terminal, and with the high rail satellite foundation, the high rail as terminal
Satellite forwards the communication data between low orbit satellite and grounded receiving station.
Determine low orbit satellite can with the method in the region of grounded receiving station direct communication the following steps are included:
M1: when initial, according to the running track of low orbit satellite and the position of grounded receiving station, the operation of low orbit satellite is determined
It can be initial direct communication region by the area marking with the region of grounded receiving station direct communication in track；
M2: then, low orbit satellite around the earth run one week, when having just enter into initial direct communication region, low orbit satellite to
Grounded receiving station persistently sends verification information, the location of low orbit satellite when record sends every verification information, and waits waiting
The feedback information that grounded receiving station is sent is received, the transmission position of the corresponding verification information of receive first feedback information is made
For the start position in final direct communication region, by the transmission position of the corresponding verification information of the last item feedback information received
The final position as final direct communication region is set, which is exactly that low orbit satellite can be with ground receiver
The region for direct communication of standing.
All with unique number in every verification information, grounded receiving station receives all issue after verification information and have
The feedback information of verification information number.
Low orbit satellite select one can with itself direct communication again with the high rail satellite of grounded receiving station direct communication
As terminal, and with the high rail satellite establish the method communicated the following steps are included:
S1: low orbit satellite determines the position of each high rail satellite according to the ephemeris of each high rail satellite, current according to itself
Position, each high rail satellite current location, grounded receiving station location lookup go out to connect with itself direct communication but also with ground
The high rail satellite of station direct communication is received, and sends inquiry request to these high rail satellites, inquiry is received and connects the high rail of request and defend
Star sends feedback information to low orbit satellite, with the current low orbit satellite of linking communications of corresponding high rail satellite in feedback information
Quantity, low orbit satellite select the high rail satellite of linking communications low orbit satellite minimum number to establish as terminal, and with it
Communication；
S2: when low orbit satellite detects that the high rail satellite communicated with itself foundation cannot be with self communication or the high rail satellite
When cannot communicate with grounded receiving station, step S1 is executed.
So that the low orbit satellite equal number of each high rail satellite link, avoids individual high rail inserting of satellite low orbit satellite numbers
Measure excessive, overload, while the data transmission bauds of guarantee and the low orbit satellite linked.
S frequency range, X frequency range or Ka frequency range multi-beam are carried on high rail satellite (6 to 8 wave beams, number of beams are expansible)
Bidirectional data transfers load is established the bi-directional transmission link between low orbit satellite, is realized between high rail satellite and low orbit satellite
Data exchange.
Ka frequency range or X frequency range parabola antenna and communication payload are carried on high rail satellite, realize high rail satellite and ground
Data exchange between receiving station.
The answering machine exchanged with high rail satellite data is installed on low-orbit satellite, working frequency range is matched with high rail satellite,
Answering machine realizes two kinds of functions, first is that the reception of high rail satellite data, and transfer data to low orbit satellite Data Management Unit；
Second is that being sent to high rail satellite after low orbit satellite business datum or measuring and control data are formatted.
Embodiment 3: the method that a kind of low orbit satellite of the present embodiment is communicated with grounded receiving station, comprising the following steps:
Low orbit satellite judge itself current present position whether be located at can with the region of grounded receiving station direct communication, such as
Fruit is located at can be with the region of grounded receiving station direct communication, then low orbit satellite is directly communicated with grounded receiving station, if be located at
Can not with the region of grounded receiving station direct communication, then low orbit satellite select one can be with itself direct communication but also the ground and
The high rail satellite of face receiving station direct communication is communicated as terminal, and with the high rail satellite foundation, the high rail as terminal
Satellite forwards the communication data between low orbit satellite and grounded receiving station；
The region division that high rail satellite is covered it is established communication from each subregion at several sub-regions
All low orbit satellites in select one or more low orbit satellites as relay station, other in each subregion are defended with the high rail
The low orbit satellite that star establishes communication all passes through the low orbit satellite and high low-orbit satellite communication as relay station；
After the low orbit satellite as relay station leaves corresponding sub-region, high rail satellite reselects one from the subregion
A low orbit satellite established communication is as new relay station.
Determine low orbit satellite can with the method in the region of grounded receiving station direct communication the following steps are included:
M1: when initial, according to the running track of low orbit satellite and the position of grounded receiving station, the operation of low orbit satellite is determined
It can be initial direct communication region by the area marking with the region of grounded receiving station direct communication in track；
M2: then, low orbit satellite around the earth run one week, when having just enter into initial direct communication region, low orbit satellite to
Grounded receiving station persistently sends verification information, the location of low orbit satellite when record sends every verification information, and waits waiting
The feedback information that grounded receiving station is sent is received, the transmission position of the corresponding verification information of receive first feedback information is made
For the start position in final direct communication region, by the transmission position of the corresponding verification information of the last item feedback information received
The final position as final direct communication region is set, which is exactly that low orbit satellite can be with ground receiver
The region for direct communication of standing.
All with unique number in every verification information, grounded receiving station receives all issue after verification information and have
The feedback information of verification information number.
By the communication data of the low orbit satellite in each subregion by the relay station forwarding in the region, as relay station
Low orbit satellite shared the load of high rail satellite, be convenient for the high more low orbit satellites of rail inserting of satellite.
Low orbit satellite in each subregion will send information to the low orbit satellite as relay station, as the low of relay station
Rail satellite will forward information to high rail satellite again, and the information that high rail satellite issues first is sent to the low orbit satellite as relay station,
Low orbit satellite as relay station transfers it to corresponding low orbit satellite again.
Low orbit satellite select one can with itself direct communication again with the high rail satellite of grounded receiving station direct communication
Method as terminal is the following steps are included: low orbit satellite determines each high rail satellite according to the ephemeris of each high rail satellite
Position, being gone out according to itself current location, each high rail satellite current location, grounded receiving station location lookup can be with itself directly
Communication can therefrom select one high rail satellite as in all high rail satellites of grounded receiving station direct communication, low orbit satellite again
Turn station.
Really as the low orbit satellite quantity of relay station in high rail Real-time Monitoring of Satellite each subregion, conduct is adjusted in real time
The low orbit satellite quantity of relay station, so that really as the low orbit satellite quantity of relay station equal to calculated in each subregion
Optimal number；
The method calculated in each subregion as the optimal number of the low orbit satellite of relay station is as follows: when A is the integer of N
Times when, D=A/N；When A is not the integral multiple of N, D is equal to after A is rounded divided by the quotient of N and adds 1；Wherein, D is conduct in subregion
The low orbit satellite quantity of relay station, A are the low orbit satellite total quantity for establishing communication in subregion with corresponding high rail satellite, and N is to set
The low orbit satellite quantity that a fixed relay station has access to.
It is high if being greater than calculated optimal number really as the low orbit satellite quantity of relay station in certain sub-regions
Low orbit satellite of the rail satellite by part as relay station is adjusted to common low orbit satellite, cancels it and relays permission, so that the sub-district
It is equal to calculated optimal number really as the low orbit satellite quantity of relay station in domain；If in certain sub-regions really as
The low orbit satellite quantity of relay station is less than calculated optimal number, then the common low orbit satellite in part is adjusted to by high rail satellite
As the low orbit satellite of relay station so that the subregion in really as relay station low orbit satellite quantity be equal to it is calculated most
Good quantity.
S frequency range, X frequency range or Ka frequency range multi-beam are carried on high rail satellite (6 to 8 wave beams, number of beams are expansible)
Bidirectional data transfers load is established the bi-directional transmission link between low orbit satellite, is realized between high rail satellite and low orbit satellite
Data exchange.
Ka frequency range or X frequency range parabola antenna and communication payload are carried on high rail satellite, realize high rail satellite and ground
Data exchange between receiving station.
The answering machine exchanged with high rail satellite data is installed on low-orbit satellite, working frequency range is matched with high rail satellite,
Answering machine realizes two kinds of functions, first is that the reception of high rail satellite data, and transfer data to low orbit satellite Data Management Unit；
Second is that being sent to high rail satellite after low orbit satellite business datum or measuring and control data are formatted.
Embodiment 4: the method that a kind of low orbit satellite of the present embodiment is communicated with grounded receiving station, comprising the following steps:
Low orbit satellite judge itself current present position whether be located at can with the region of grounded receiving station direct communication, such as
Fruit is located at can be with the region of grounded receiving station direct communication, then low orbit satellite is directly communicated with grounded receiving station, if be located at
Can not with the region of grounded receiving station direct communication, then low orbit satellite select one can be with itself direct communication but also the ground and
The high rail satellite of face receiving station direct communication is communicated as terminal, and with the high rail satellite foundation, the high rail as terminal
Satellite forwards the communication data between low orbit satellite and grounded receiving station；
Low orbit satellite select one can with itself direct communication again with the high rail satellite of grounded receiving station direct communication
As terminal, and with the high rail satellite establish the method communicated the following steps are included:
S1: low orbit satellite determines the position of each high rail satellite according to the ephemeris of each high rail satellite, current according to itself
Position, each high rail satellite current location, grounded receiving station location lookup go out to connect with itself direct communication but also with ground
The high rail satellite of station direct communication is received, and sends inquiry request to these high rail satellites, inquiry is received and connects the high rail of request and defend
Star sends feedback information to low orbit satellite, with the current low orbit satellite of linking communications of corresponding high rail satellite in feedback information
Quantity, low orbit satellite select the high rail satellite of linking communications low orbit satellite minimum number to establish as terminal, and with it
Communication；
S2: when low orbit satellite detects that the high rail satellite communicated with itself foundation cannot be with self communication or the high rail satellite
When cannot communicate with grounded receiving station, step S1 is executed.
The region division that high rail satellite is covered it is established communication from each subregion at several sub-regions
All low orbit satellites in select one or more low orbit satellites as relay station, other in each subregion are defended with the high rail
The low orbit satellite that star establishes communication all passes through the low orbit satellite and high low-orbit satellite communication as relay station；
After the low orbit satellite as relay station leaves corresponding sub-region, high rail satellite reselects one from the subregion
A low orbit satellite established communication is as new relay station.
Really as the low orbit satellite quantity of relay station in high rail Real-time Monitoring of Satellite each subregion, conduct is adjusted in real time
The low orbit satellite quantity of relay station, so that really as the low orbit satellite quantity of relay station equal to calculated in each subregion
Optimal number；
The method calculated in each subregion as the optimal number of the low orbit satellite of relay station is as follows: when A is the integer of N
Times when, D=A/N；When A is not the integral multiple of N, D is equal to after A is rounded divided by the quotient of N and adds 1；Wherein, D is conduct in subregion
The low orbit satellite quantity of relay station, A are the low orbit satellite total quantity for establishing communication in subregion with corresponding high rail satellite, and N is to set
The low orbit satellite quantity that a fixed relay station has access to.
It is high if being greater than calculated optimal number really as the low orbit satellite quantity of relay station in certain sub-regions
Low orbit satellite of the rail satellite by part as relay station is adjusted to common low orbit satellite, cancels it and relays permission, so that the sub-district
It is equal to calculated optimal number really as the low orbit satellite quantity of relay station in domain；If in certain sub-regions really as
The low orbit satellite quantity of relay station is less than calculated optimal number, then the common low orbit satellite in part is adjusted to by high rail satellite
As the low orbit satellite of relay station so that the subregion in really as relay station low orbit satellite quantity be equal to it is calculated most
Good quantity.
Determine low orbit satellite can with the method in the region of grounded receiving station direct communication the following steps are included:
M1: when initial, according to the running track of low orbit satellite and the position of grounded receiving station, the operation of low orbit satellite is determined
It can be initial direct communication region by the area marking with the region of grounded receiving station direct communication in track；
M2: then, low orbit satellite around the earth run one week, when having just enter into initial direct communication region, low orbit satellite to
Grounded receiving station persistently sends verification information, the location of low orbit satellite when record sends every verification information, and waits waiting
The feedback information that grounded receiving station is sent is received, the transmission position of the corresponding verification information of receive first feedback information is made
For the start position in final direct communication region, by the transmission position of the corresponding verification information of the last item feedback information received
The final position as final direct communication region is set, which is exactly that low orbit satellite can be with ground receiver
The region for direct communication of standing.
All with unique number in every verification information, grounded receiving station receives all issue after verification information and have
The feedback information of verification information number.
S frequency range, X frequency range or Ka frequency range multi-beam are carried on high rail satellite (6 to 8 wave beams, number of beams are expansible)
Bidirectional data transfers load is established the bi-directional transmission link between low orbit satellite, is realized between high rail satellite and low orbit satellite
Data exchange.
Ka frequency range or X frequency range parabola antenna and communication payload are carried on high rail satellite, realize high rail satellite and ground
Data exchange between receiving station.
The answering machine exchanged with high rail satellite data is installed on low-orbit satellite, working frequency range is matched with high rail satellite,
Answering machine realizes two kinds of functions, first is that the reception of high rail satellite data, and transfer data to low orbit satellite Data Management Unit；
Second is that being sent to high rail satellite after low orbit satellite business datum or measuring and control data are formatted.
Embodiment 5: the method that a kind of low orbit satellite of the present embodiment is communicated with grounded receiving station, comprising the following steps:
Low orbit satellite judge itself current present position whether be located at can with the region of grounded receiving station direct communication, such as
Fruit is located at can be with the region of grounded receiving station direct communication, then low orbit satellite is directly communicated with grounded receiving station, if be located at
Can not with the region of grounded receiving station direct communication, then low orbit satellite select one can be with itself direct communication but also the ground and
The high rail satellite of face receiving station direct communication is communicated as terminal, and with the high rail satellite foundation, the high rail as terminal
Satellite forwards the communication data between low orbit satellite and grounded receiving station.
Determine low orbit satellite can with the method in the region of grounded receiving station direct communication the following steps are included:
M1: when initial, according to the running track of low orbit satellite and the position of grounded receiving station, the operation of low orbit satellite is determined
It can be initial direct communication region by the area marking with the region of grounded receiving station direct communication in track；
M2: then, low orbit satellite around the earth run one week, when having just enter into initial direct communication region, low orbit satellite to
Grounded receiving station persistently sends verification information, the location of low orbit satellite when record sends every verification information, and waits waiting
The feedback information that grounded receiving station is sent is received, the transmission position of the corresponding verification information of receive first feedback information is made
For the start position in final direct communication region, by the transmission position of the corresponding verification information of the last item feedback information received
The final position as final direct communication region is set, which is exactly that low orbit satellite can be with ground receiver
The region for direct communication of standing.
All with unique number in every verification information, grounded receiving station receives all issue after verification information and have
The feedback information of verification information number.
Low orbit satellite select one can with itself direct communication again with the high rail satellite of grounded receiving station direct communication
As terminal, and with the high rail satellite establish the method communicated the following steps are included:
Low orbit satellite determines the position of each high rail satellite according to the ephemeris of each high rail satellite, according to itself present bit
Set, each high rail satellite current location, grounded receiving station location lookup go out can be with itself direct communication but also and ground receiver
The high rail satellite for direct communication of standing；
Calculate the linkage length D, D=D1+ for each of finding out that high rail satellite and grounded receiving station, low orbit satellite form
D2, D1 are the distance between high rail satellite and grounded receiving station, and D2 is the distance between high rail satellite and low orbit satellite；
Inquiry request is sent to high rail satellite each of is found out, inquiry is received and connects the high rail satellite of request and send feedback
Information is to low orbit satellite, with the current low orbit satellite quantity K of linking communications of corresponding high rail satellite in feedback information；
Calculate the corresponding evaluation parameter of each high rail satelliteA, b is to preset
Weighted value, DmaxFor the maximum value in the corresponding linkage length of all high rail satellites, KmaxIt is corresponding for all high rail satellites
Maximum value in linked communication low orbit satellite quantity；
It selects the corresponding high rail satellite of the smallest evaluation parameter P as terminal, and is communicated with the high rail satellite foundation.
Linkage length is short, then data transmission delay is small as far as possible, and path loss is small, the low orbit satellite of high rail satellite link communication
Both quantity is few, then high rail satellite processing speed is slower, and this method combines factor, enables low orbit satellite to choose most suitable
High rail satellite establish connection, reduce the data transmission delay of low orbit satellite and grounded receiving station.
S frequency range, X frequency range or Ka frequency range multi-beam are carried on high rail satellite (6 to 8 wave beams, number of beams are expansible)
Bidirectional data transfers load is established the bi-directional transmission link between low orbit satellite, is realized between high rail satellite and low orbit satellite
Data exchange.
Ka frequency range or X frequency range parabola antenna and communication payload are carried on high rail satellite, realize high rail satellite and ground
Data exchange between receiving station.
The answering machine exchanged with high rail satellite data is installed on low-orbit satellite, working frequency range is matched with high rail satellite,
Answering machine realizes two kinds of functions, first is that the reception of high rail satellite data, and transfer data to low orbit satellite Data Management Unit；
Second is that being sent to high rail satellite after low orbit satellite business datum or measuring and control data are formatted.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of method that low orbit satellite is communicated with grounded receiving station, which comprises the following steps:
Low orbit satellite judge itself current present position whether be located at can with the region of grounded receiving station direct communication, if position
In can be with the region of grounded receiving station direct communication, then low orbit satellite be directly communicated with grounded receiving station, cannot if be located at
Enough and grounded receiving station direct communication region, then low orbit satellite, which selects one, to connect with itself direct communication but also with ground
The high rail satellite of station direct communication is received as terminal, and is communicated with the high rail satellite foundation, the high rail satellite as terminal
Forward the communication data between low orbit satellite and grounded receiving station；
Determine low orbit satellite can with the method in the region of grounded receiving station direct communication the following steps are included:
M1: when initial, according to the running track of low orbit satellite and the position of grounded receiving station, the running track of low orbit satellite is determined
In can with the region of grounded receiving station direct communication, by the area marking be initial direct communication region；
M2: low orbit satellite around the earth run one week, entrance initial direct communication region after with grounded receiving station Continued communication, really
Surely can be with the region of grounded receiving station success communication, and using the region as final direct communication region, this is final directly to lead to
Believe that region is exactly that low orbit satellite can be with the region of grounded receiving station direct communication.
2. the method that a kind of low orbit satellite according to claim 1 is communicated with grounded receiving station, the step M2's is specific
Steps are as follows: low orbit satellite is run one week around the earth, and when having just enter into initial direct communication region, low orbit satellite receives to the ground
It stands and persistently sends verification information, the location of low orbit satellite when record sends every verification information, and ground to be received is waited to connect
The feedback information that station is sent is received, using the transmission position of the corresponding verification information of receive first feedback information as final straight
The start position for connecing communication zone, using the transmission position of the corresponding verification information of the last item feedback information received as most
The final position in whole direct communication region, the final direct communication region are exactly that low orbit satellite can be directly logical with grounded receiving station
The region of letter.
3. the method that a kind of low orbit satellite according to claim 1 is communicated with grounded receiving station, which is characterized in that every is tested
It demonstrate,proves all with unique number in information, grounded receiving station can all issue after receiving verification information with verification information number
Feedback information.
4. the method that a kind of low orbit satellite according to claim 1 is communicated with grounded receiving station, which is characterized in that described low
Rail the select of satellite one can with itself direct communication but also and grounded receiving station direct communication high rail satellite as terminal,
And the method communicated is established the following steps are included: low orbit satellite determines respectively according to the ephemeris of each high rail satellite with the high rail satellite
The position of a high rail satellite goes out both according to itself current location, each high rail satellite current location, grounded receiving station location lookup
Can with itself direct communication again can with the high rail satellite of grounded receiving station direct communication, calculate each of find out high rail satellite with
Grounded receiving station, low orbit satellite composition linkage length D, D=D1+D2, D1 between high rail satellite and grounded receiving station away from
From D2 is the distance between high rail satellite and low orbit satellite, selects high rail satellite corresponding to most short linkage length D as transfer
It stands, low orbit satellite is communicated with the high rail satellite foundation.
5. the method that a kind of low orbit satellite according to claim 1 or 2 is communicated with grounded receiving station, which is characterized in that institute
State low orbit satellite select one can with itself direct communication but also and grounded receiving station direct communication high rail satellite as in
Turn station, and with the high rail satellite establish the method communicated the following steps are included:
S1: low orbit satellite determines the position of each high rail satellite according to the ephemeris of each high rail satellite, according to itself current location,
Each high rail satellite current location, grounded receiving station location lookup go out to stand erectly with itself direct communication but also with ground receiver
The high rail satellite of letter is connected, and sends inquiry request to these high rail satellites, receives the high rail satellite transmission that inquiry connects request
Feedback information is to low orbit satellite, with the current low orbit satellite quantity of linking communications of corresponding high rail satellite in feedback information,
Low orbit satellite selects the high rail satellite of linking communications low orbit satellite minimum number as terminal, and establishes communication；
S2: when low orbit satellite detect with itself establish the high rail satellite that communicates cannot cannot with self communication or the high rail satellite
When communicating with grounded receiving station, step S1 is executed.
6. a kind of method that low orbit satellite is communicated with grounded receiving station, feature described according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 5 exist
In further comprising the steps of:
The region division that high rail satellite is covered it is at several sub-regions, the institute that establishes communication from each subregion
Have and select one or more low orbit satellites as relay station in low orbit satellite, other in each subregion are built with the high rail satellite
The low orbit satellite of vertical communication all passes through the low orbit satellite and high low-orbit satellite communication as relay station；
After the low orbit satellite as relay station leaves corresponding sub-region, high rail satellite reselected from the subregion one with
Its low orbit satellite for establishing communication is as new relay station.
7. the method that a kind of low orbit satellite according to claim 6 is communicated with grounded receiving station, which is characterized in that high rail is defended
Really as the low orbit satellite quantity of relay station in star real-time monitoring each subregion, adjustment is defended as the low rail of relay station in real time
Star number amount, so that being equal to calculated optimal number really as the low orbit satellite quantity of relay station in each subregion；It calculates
Method in each subregion as the optimal number of the low orbit satellite of relay station is as follows: when A is the integral multiple of N, D=A/N；
When A is not the integral multiple of N, D is equal to after A is rounded divided by the quotient of N and adds 1；Wherein, D is the low rail in subregion as relay station
Number of satellite, A are the low orbit satellite total quantity for establishing communication in subregion with corresponding high rail satellite, and N is a relaying of setting
The low orbit satellite quantity that station has access to.
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