CN109104123A - A kind of wide frequency domain self-tuning bistable state vibration energy collector and acquisition method - Google Patents
A kind of wide frequency domain self-tuning bistable state vibration energy collector and acquisition method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109104123A CN109104123A CN201811227202.4A CN201811227202A CN109104123A CN 109104123 A CN109104123 A CN 109104123A CN 201811227202 A CN201811227202 A CN 201811227202A CN 109104123 A CN109104123 A CN 109104123A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of wide frequency domain self-tuning bistable state vibration energy collector and acquisition methods, belong to micro- energy resource collecting field.Y-direction displacement adjustment device is fixedly connected with support base upper center, magnet Z-direction displacement adjustment device one and magnet Z-direction displacement adjustment device two are fixedly connected with support base top respectively and are located at Y-direction displacement adjustment device two sides, Z-direction displacement adjustment device is fixedly connected with Y-direction displacement adjustment device top, and bistable state energy acquisition nuclear structure is fixedly connected with Z-direction displacement adjustment device top.The present invention can according to the variation of extraneous vibration frequency voluntarily, by dynamic frequency matching, need not actively adjust, realize frequency self-tuning, high degree has widened frequency domain, improves energy conversion efficiency, makes energy collecting device that can realize bistable state in different operating conditions.Frequency domain is further widened, energy conversion efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to micro- energy resource collecting field, in particular to wide frequency domain self-tuning bistable state vibration energy collector and adopt
Set method.
Background technique
The microcomputer electric appliance that MEMS (MEMS) is made of micromechanics essential part, micro- energy and electronics integrated circuit
Part, device or system are used widely in fields such as biology, medical treatment, environmental monitoring, military affairs and industrial automatic controls, are
21 century important field of research.The short problem of power supply service life urgently solves in the energy integration research in the field at present
Certainly.Especially for high integration embedded system, battery power supply brings apparent defect.In certain special applications, such as
Inflammable and explosive etc., battery altering is very difficult, and contains heavy metal in old and useless battery, deals with improperly and easily causes environmental pollution, by
The use and popularization of many devices are limited in the various reasons of power supply aspect.In addition to this, along with the growth of energy demand
Contradiction between fossil energy shortage is increasingly significant, and people start to be conceived to the development and utilization to alternative energy source.
Piezo-electric generating is to be converted to the vibrational energy in environment using the direct piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric materials such as piezoelectric ceramics
A kind of generation mode of electric energy.The outstanding advantages such as it is simple and compact with electrification structure, is easily integrated, is at low cost, are particularly suitable for
Low-power consumption self-powered microelectronic product and the concern by researchers.Existing piezoelectric power generation system is linear system mostly,
Intrinsic frequency is single, and only just has higher output when driving frequency is close to intrinsic frequency, leads to piezoelectric power generation system
Response frequency domain it is very narrow.And the vibration in environment be often wide frequency domain, it is aperiodic, in order to obtain energy in more wide frequency domain,
It just needs energy collecting device to can be realized frequency tuning or there is broader response frequency domain.
Existing frequency tuning method, which is broadly divided into, actively and passively tunes two methods.Actively tuning is mainly by external
The intrinsic frequency of brake apparatus regulating system, with the vibration frequency of matched environment.Since brake needs continue working, lead to this
Kind of mode consumes energy larger, can reduce the acquisition output power of energy collecting device, be not optimal case in energy acquisition field.Quilt
Dynamic tuning is then to change system parameter by manual or artificial addition external force with matched environment frequency.This method is compared to master
Although whole less energy intensive for dynamic tuning, the degree of automation is low, and tunable frequency range is relatively narrow and operating difficulties.This hair
It is bright to propose the piezoelectric vibration energy collector that frequency self-regulated is carried out based on bistable state, using the method passively tuned, and more
The deficiency of existing acquisition method is mended.
Bistable system is a kind of typical nonlinear system, can be between two stable states under period or arbitrary excitation
Generate substantially period or chaotic motion.Bistable state piezoelectric vibration energy collector can utilize system unintentional nonlinearity power, low
The energy acquisition under non-resonant behavior is realized in frequency environment, has been widened energy acquisition frequency domain and has been improved output energy efficiency.
Presently, there are bistable state piezoelectric vibration energy collector it is mostly fixed, it is untunable.It can only be in a frequency domain
Occur substantially to vibrate in range, if being more than frequency domain, bistable state energy collecting device energy conversion efficiency will be drastically reduced.And
Vibration in environment is usually random vibration, therefore design can be realized and change and automatically adjust according to external environment vibration frequency
The method and structure of resonance frequency, widen the frequency domain of collecting energy, for improving the energy conversion efficiency of energy collecting device
Important in inhibiting provides a new research angle, new method and new mechanism for energy acquisition field.The present apparatus is particularly suitable
It is applied in the self-powered of extraordinary tool sensor and other has the lifting apparent application of feature.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of wide frequency domain self-tuning bistable state vibration energy collector and acquisition method, existing double to solve
Steady-state vibrational energy collector acquires narrow, the untunable problem of frequency domain.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is that: including bistable state energy acquisition nuclear structure, Z-direction displacement adjustment device, Y
Direction displacement adjustment device, support base, magnet Z-direction displacement adjustment device one, magnet Z-direction displacement adjustment device two；Its
Middle Y-direction displacement adjustment device is fixedly connected with support base upper center, magnet Z-direction displacement adjustment device one and magnet Z
Direction displacement adjustment device two is fixedly connected with support base top respectively and is located at Y-direction displacement adjustment device two sides, the side Z
It is fixedly connected to displacement adjustment device with Y-direction displacement adjustment device top, bistable state energy acquisition nuclear structure and Z-direction position
Displacement regulating device top is fixedly connected.
The bistable state energy acquisition nuclear structure includes cross resonance beam, bottom base, top base, toroidal roller axis
It holds, fastening screw one, fastening screw two；Wherein the bottom base is fixedly connected with top base by fastening screw one, annular rolling
Sub- bearing is located in the top base central channel of the bottom base central channel of bottom base, top base, under cross resonance beam is located at
In the bottom base cross bath of pedestal and the top base cross bath of top base, fastening screw two is used to be displaced with Z-direction and adjust
Device top is fixedly connected；
The bottom base includes bottom base cross bath, bottom base central channel, extreme position one, extreme position two, lower base
Seat threaded hole one, bottom base threaded hole two；
The top base includes；Top base cross bath, top base central channel, top base threaded hole；
The bottom base cross bath is identical with top base cross bath；
The upper and lower surfaces of the cross resonance beam are contacted with toroidal roller bearing, and top base passes through respectively with bottom base
Top base threaded hole is fixedly connected with bottom base threaded hole one by fastening screw one.
The cross resonance beam includes: right side piezoelectricity vibration pick-up structure, left side piezoelectricity vibration pick-up structure, left side beam end magnetic
Iron, right side beam end magnets, floor, ontology；Wherein, there is floor in the middle part of ontology, right side piezoelectricity vibration pick-up structure, left side piezoelectricity pick up
Vibration structure be fixedly connected respectively with the top of the ontology of floor two sides, left side beam end magnets, right side beam end magnets respectively with
Ontology both ends are fixedly connected；Bottom base cross bath, top base cross bath Y-direction size be greater than floor size.
Z-direction displacement adjustment device include: upper backup pad, adjusting knob, drive mechanism, rhombus expansion brackets, lower supporting plate,
Fastening bolt one, wherein upper backup pad includes upper backup pad threaded hole, four upper ear seats, upper ear seat threaded hole；Lower supporting plate packet
Include four lower ear bases, lower ear base threaded hole, lower supporting plate threaded hole；Each rhombus expansion brackets are respectively by four telescopic arms and four
Link bolt is constituted, and two link bolts of rhombus expansion brackets Z-direction also pass through upper ear seat threaded hole, lower ear base threaded hole respectively
Upper backup pad is hinged with lower supporting plate；Two link bolts of each rhombus expansion brackets Y-direction also pass through drive mechanism respectively
It keeps beam threaded hole that drive mechanism is hinged with rhombus expansion brackets, and drive mechanism is placed between upper backup pad, lower supporting plate, adjusts
Section knob is fixedly connected with the main transmission multi-diameter shaft of drive mechanism；Fastening bolt one is used for Z-direction displacement adjustment device and Y-direction
Connection between displacement adjustment device；
The drive mechanism includes that drive mechanism keeps beam one, drive mechanism that beam two, drive mechanism is kept to keep beam three, pass
Dynamic structure keeps beam four, drive mechanism to keep beam threaded hole, drive mechanism that beam unthreaded hole one, drive mechanism movement is kept to keep beam light
Hole two, drive rod, main transmission multi-diameter shaft, fastening bolt two；Wherein protected on the left of the ladder of main transmission multi-diameter shaft by drive mechanism
The drive mechanism movement for holding Liang Sanshang keeps beam unthreaded hole, and it is solid that main transmission multi-diameter shaft left front end and drive mechanism keep beam four to be screwed on
Fixed, two drive rods are each passed through drive mechanism and keep beam four and drive mechanism that the drive mechanism on beam three is kept to keep beam unthreaded hole
It is fixed with fastening bolt two together；The drive mechanism on beam two is kept to transport by drive mechanism on the right side of the ladder of main transmission multi-diameter shaft
It is dynamic to keep beam unthreaded hole two, then two drive rods are passed through into drive mechanism respectively, beam two and drive mechanism is kept to keep the biography on beam one
Dynamic structure keeps beam unthreaded hole to use fastening bolt two fixed together；Main transmission multi-diameter shaft and drive rod drive drive mechanism to keep respectively
Liang Si, drive mechanism keep beam three, drive mechanism to keep beam two, drive mechanism that beam one is kept to move, and keep rhombus expansion brackets flexible.
Y-direction displacement adjustment device includes movable support, determines support, gasket one, gear one, knob, fastening screw three, light
Axis, fastening screw five；Wherein:
The movable support includes stepped groove, movable support threaded hole one, movable support threaded hole two, movable support light；
It is described to determine support and include rack gear, rack gear threaded hole one, fastening screw four, ear mount, ear mount threaded hole, determine support sheet
Body；
Rack gear one is fixed on by rack gear threaded hole one using fastening screw four and is determined in support body, and gear one is put
It is placed on rack gear one；It is provided with stepped groove inside movable support, can cooperate with the non-Interference contact of support is determined；Utilize fastening spiral shell
Gasket one is fixed on the outside of movable support by nail five by movable support threaded hole；Optical axis is passed through into movable support unthreaded hole, makes it
One end and one Interference contact of gear cooperate, and the other end is fixedly connected with knob；Gear one and rack gear one are that a pair of of rack-and-pinion is transported
Dynamic pair；
The movable support threaded hole, which is used to be displaced Z-direction by lower supporting plate threaded hole and fastening bolt one, adjusts dress
It sets and is connected with Y-direction displacement adjustment device；
The fastening screw three passes sequentially through the support base threaded hole of the ear mount threaded hole in ear mount and support base, will
Determine support body to be fixed in support base.
Magnet Z-direction displacement adjustment device two is identical as magnet Z-direction one structure of displacement adjustment device, wherein the magnet side Z
To displacement adjustment device one include fixed magnet support plate, moveable support, fixed support, gasket two, adjusting knob, hook knob,
Fastening bolt, gear, trough of belt optical axis, fastening screw eight, magnet one；Wherein:
The fixed magnet support plate includes support plate, fixed magnet support plate thread hole, fastening screw six, described movable
Support includes interior stepped groove, moveable support threaded hole one, moveable support threaded hole two, moveable support unthreaded hole；The fixed support packet
Include rack gear two, rack gear threaded hole, fastening screw seven, regulating tank two supports ontology surely；
Fixed magnet is made by fixed magnet support plate thread hole and moveable support threaded hole respectively using fastening screw six
Support plate is mounted on moveable support, and magnet one is fixedly connected on the supporting plate；
Rack gear two is fixed on fixed support ontology with fastening screw seven by rack gear threaded hole two, is provided in moveable support
Interior stepped groove can cooperate with the fixed non-Interference contact of support；It will by moveable support threaded hole two using fastening screw eight
Gasket two is fixed on the outside of moveable support, and trough of belt optical axis one end and gear are interference fitted, the other end band fixing card of trough of belt optical axis
Slot, and the end passes through moveable support unthreaded hole and is connected with adjusting knob；Wheel and rack two constitutes rack-and-pinion kinematic pair, locking
Knob and moveable support are rotatablely connected；
Slot two is overregulated in fastening bolt threeway and the regulating tank one of support base is symmetrically fixed on support base center side；
The magnet one of Z-direction displacement adjustment device one, magnet Z-direction displacement adjustment device two magnet two respectively with left side
Beam end magnets, right side beam end magnets magnet are opposite and magnetism is repelled each other.
The left side beam end magnets of cross resonance beam and one group of magnet in magnet Z-direction displacement adjustment device one are in pairs
Stable structure, referred to as bistable state one；In the right side beam end magnets and magnet Z-direction displacement adjustment device two of cross resonance beam
Magnet two form bistable structure, referred to as bistable state two.
A kind of wide frequency domain self-tuning bistable state energy collecting device acquisition method, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
(1) wide frequency domain self-tuning bistable state vibration energy collector is placed in vibration environment, environmental vibration frequency and energy
The intrinsic frequency of certain one end of cross resonance beam matches in amount collector, generates resonance；
(2) due to resonance, the resonance end stress of cross resonance beam is greater than off-resonance end, leads to both ends force unbalance,
Slide cross resonance beam automatically in bottom base, to change: left side beam end magnets between magnet one at a distance from, and
Right side beam end magnets between magnet two at a distance from；
(3) with the variation of each magnet spacing, magnetic repulsion changes, also changes so as to cause bistable state state,
Another pair bistable state two is converted to from a pair of of bistable state one, in which: the left side beam end magnets and magnet Z of cross resonance beam
Magnet one in direction displacement adjustment device one forms bistable structure, referred to as bistable state one；The right side beam of cross resonance beam
Magnet two in end magnets and magnet Z-direction displacement adjustment device two forms bistable structure, referred to as bistable state two；This change
Energy collecting device can be made to form a variety of bistable states between two extreme positions of bottom base in change, and realized between bistable state
Automatic switchover；
(4) vibration in environment moves the cross resonance beam in energy collecting device, in moving process, due to double
Stable state moves between so that cross resonance beam is generated trap, so that cross resonance beam is deformed, passes through right side piezoelectricity vibration pick-up structure, a left side
Deformation can be converted to voltage signal V by side pressure electricity vibration pick-up structure, exported, achieve the purpose that energy acquisition；
Using Newton's second law, resonance beam Axial Load Analysis is as follows:
Bringing axial magnetic formula into has:
Crosswise Vibration Equation on the left of cross resonance beam are as follows:
Crosswise Vibration Equation on the right side of cross resonance beam are as follows:
Wherein, u is the distance of axial movement, d1,d2Respectively the distance between left and right sides magnet；
M is the unit mass of each beam element, and y is axial coordinate, EIvFor bending stiffness, IvFor cross sectional moment of inertia, csFor
Structure d amping coefficient, cdFor air damping coefficient,To be axially moved acceleration, Me1,Me2For beam end magnets quality, Q1,Q2For
Transverse magnet repulsion, P suffered by beam end magnets1,P2For transverse magnet repulsion, L suffered by beam end magnetsleft,LrightIt is respectively left
Right side beam beam length, t are the time,For the piezoelectric coupling coefficient of piezoelectric material, V is output voltage, CpFor equivalent capacity, R1、R2Point
Not Wei left and right ends equivalent resistance, Θ is electromechanical coupling factor, and δ is Dirac function；
Simulation calculation is carried out with Matlab, finally obtains the voltage value V of institute's collecting energy in certain frequency domain.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: it is suitable for currently without line self-powered IOT sensing node field.The device being capable of root
According to extraneous vibration frequency variation voluntarily, by dynamic frequency matching, need not actively adjust, i.e. realization frequency self-tuning and passes through
Mobile be finally able to achieve at least carries out energy acquisition in four sections of (2n, n=2) frequency domains, and high degree has been widened frequency domain, mentioned
High energy conversion efficiency, compensates for the limited deficiency of existing bistable state vibration energy collector collecting energy frequency domain；Pass through tune
The direction adjusting apparatus of amount of energy saving collector changes energy collecting device structural parameters, i.e., change bistable system magnet is initial
Spacing and the length of cross resonance beam etc. can adapt to the variation of different application environmental frequencies, make energy collecting device not
Bistable state can be realized in same operating condition.Frequency domain is further widened, energy conversion efficiency is improved.In addition, the shape of resonance beam
It can further expand and extend into other structures form, the shape that can change resonance beam according to different operating conditions realizes more energy
Acquisition.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is structural schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is cross resonant beam structure of the present invention and placement schematic；
Fig. 3 is lower pedestal structure schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is top base structural schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the A-A cross-sectional view of Fig. 3；
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of Z-direction displacement adjustment device of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is Z-direction displacement adjustment device support construction schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is drive mechanism schematic diagram in Z-direction displacement adjustment device of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is rhombus expansion brackets structural schematic diagram in Z-direction displacement adjustment device of the present invention；
Figure 10 is the structural schematic diagram of Y-direction displacement adjustment device of the present invention；
Figure 11 is Y-direction displacement adjustment device partial structural diagram of the present invention；
Figure 12 is the B-B cross-sectional view of Figure 10；
Figure 13 is support base structural schematic diagram of the present invention；
Figure 14 is the body structural schematic diagram that magnet Z-direction displacement of the present invention adjusts dress；
Figure 15 is the C-C cross-sectional view of Figure 14；
Figure 16 is four beam self-tuning bistable state vibrational energies acquisition structure of the invention；
Figure 17 is the structural schematic diagram of eight beam annulars diverging beam of the invention；
Figure 18 is working principle simplification figure of the present invention；
Figure 19 is in dynamic excitation amplitude A=2mm, frequency f=pi rad/s, and electricity energy harvester is in limit on the left position
When shift spectrum figure；
Figure 20 is in dynamic excitation amplitude A=2mm, frequency f=pi rad/s, and electricity energy harvester is in limit on the right-right-hand limit position
When shift spectrum figure；
Attached drawing mark: 1 two beam bistable state energy acquisition nuclear structures；101 cross resonance beams；10101 right side piezoelectricity pick up
Vibration structure；10102 left side piezoelectricity vibration pick-up structures；10103 left side beam end magnets；10104 right side beam end magnets；10105 ribs
Plate；102 bottom bases；10201 bottom base cross baths；10202 bottom base central channels；10203 extreme positions one；10204 limit
Position two；10205 bottom base threaded holes one；10206 bottom base threaded holes two；103 top bases；10301 top base cross baths；
10302 top base central channels；10303 top base threaded holes；104 toroidal roller bearings；105 fastening screws one；106 fastening screws
Two；The direction 2Z displacement adjustment device；201 upper backup pads；20101 upper backup pad threaded holes；20102 upper ear seats；20103 upper ear seats
Threaded hole；202 adjusting knobs；203 drive mechanisms；20301 drive mechanisms keep beam one；20302 drive mechanisms keep beam two；
20303 drive mechanisms keep beam three；20304 drive mechanisms keep beam four；20305 drive mechanisms keep beam threaded hole；20306 pass
Dynamic structure keeps beam unthreaded hole one；The movement of 20307 drive mechanisms keeps beam unthreaded hole two；20308 drive rods；20309 main transmission ladders
Axis；20310 fastening bolts two；204 rhombus expansion brackets；20401 telescopic arms；20402 link bolts；205 lower supporting plates；20501
Lower ear base；20502 lower ear base threaded holes；20503 lower supporting plate threaded holes；206 fastening bolts one；3Y direction position transposition section dress
It sets；301 movable supports；30101 stepped grooves；30102 movable support threaded holes 1；30103 movable support threaded holes 2；30104 can
Dynamic support unthreaded hole；302 determine support；30201 rack gears one；30202 rack gear threaded holes one；30203 fastening screws four；30204 ear mounts；
30205 ear mount threaded holes；Determine support body 30206；303 gaskets one；304 gears one；305 knobs；306 fastening screws three；307
Optical axis；308 fastening screws five；4 support bases；401 regulating tanks one；402 support base threaded holes；The displacement of 5 magnet Z-directions is adjusted
Device one；501 fixed magnet support plates；50101 support plates；50102 fixed magnet support plate thread holes；50103 fastening screws
Six；502 moveable supports；Stepped groove in 50201；50202 moveable support threaded holes one；50203 moveable support threaded holes two；
50204 moveable support unthreaded holes；503 fixed supports；50301 rack gears two；50302 rack gear threaded holes two；50303 fastening screws seven；
50304 regulating tanks two；50305 support ontology surely；504 gaskets two；505 adjusting knobs；506 hook knob；507 fastening bolts
Three；508 gears two；509 trough of belt optical axises；50901 fixed card slots；510 fastening screws eight；511 magnet one；The displacement of 6 magnet Z-directions
Regulating device two；601 magnet two.
Specific embodiment
Shown in Fig. 1, wide frequency domain self-tuning bistable state vibration energy collector includes bistable state energy acquisition nuclear structure 1, Z
Direction displacement adjustment device 2, Y-direction displacement adjustment device 3, support base 4, magnet Z-direction displacement adjustment device 1, magnet Z
Direction displacement adjustment device 26；
Wherein Y-direction displacement adjustment device 3 is fixedly connected with 4 upper center of support base, and the displacement of magnet Z-direction adjusts dress
Set 1 and magnet Z-direction displacement adjustment device 26 respectively with be fixedly connected above support base 4 and be located at Y-direction be displaced
3 two sides of regulating device, Z-direction displacement adjustment device 2 are fixedly connected with 3 top of Y-direction displacement adjustment device, and bistable state energy is adopted
Collection nuclear structure 1 is fixedly connected with 2 top of Z-direction displacement adjustment device.
As shown in Fig. 2, the bistable state energy acquisition nuclear structure 1 include cross resonance beam 101, bottom base 102, on
Pedestal 103, toroidal roller bearing 104, fastening screw 1, fastening screw 2 106；The wherein bottom base 102 and top base
103 are fixedly connected by fastening screw 1, and toroidal roller bearing 104 is located at the bottom base central channel of bottom base 102
10202, in the top base central channel 10302 of top base 103, cross resonance beam 101 is located at the bottom base cross of bottom base 102
In the top base cross bath 10301 of shape slot 10201 and top base 103, fastening screw 2 106 is used to be displaced with Z-direction and adjust
2 top of device is fixedly connected.
As shown in figure 3, bottom base 102 includes bottom base cross bath 10201, bottom base central channel 10202, extreme position
One 10203, extreme position 2 10204；Bottom base threaded hole 1；Bottom base threaded hole 2 10206,
As shown in figure 4, the top base 103 includes；Top base cross bath 10301, top base central channel 10302, on
Base threaded bore 10303,
The bottom base cross bath 10201 is identical with top base cross bath 10301；
104 height of toroidal roller bearing is slightly larger than groove depth, and toroidal roller bearing 104 is distributed cross-sectional view as shown in figure 5, by humorous
The upper and lower surfaces of vibration beam 101 are contacted with toroidal roller bearing 104, and sliding friction is converted to rolling friction, top base 103 and
Bottom base 102 is connected by top base threaded hole 10303 and bottom base threaded hole 1 by fastening screw 1 is fixed respectively
It connects.
The toroidal roller bearing 104, top base 103, bottom base 102 select lighter in weight and coefficient of friction is lesser
Pmma material；
As shown in Fig. 2, cross resonance beam 101 includes: right side piezoelectricity vibration pick-up structure 10101, left side piezoelectricity vibration pick-up structure
10102, left side beam end magnets 10103, right side beam end magnets 10104, floor 10105, ontology 10106；Wherein, ontology
There is a floor 10105 at middle part, right side piezoelectricity vibration pick-up structure 10101, left side piezoelectricity vibration pick-up structure 10102 sheet with floor two sides respectively
The top of body 10106 is fixedly connected, left side beam end magnets 10103, right side beam end magnets 10104 respectively with ontology 10106
Both ends are fixedly connected；Bottom base cross bath 10201, top base cross bath 10301 Y-direction size be greater than floor 10105
Size, and the difference of size can be designed according to required adjusting frequency domain size.
The stainless steel thin slice that ontology selection intensity is big, rigidity is small of cross resonance beam 101, left and right curb girder end magnetic
Iron selects the NdFeB material with high-intensity magnetic and mass ratio, and left and right side piezoelectricity vibration pick-up structure uses piezoelectric energy-conversion efficiency pole
High PMN-PT material.
As shown in fig. 6, Z-direction displacement adjustment device 2 include: upper backup pad 201, adjusting knob 202, drive mechanism 203,
Rhombus expansion brackets 204, lower supporting plate 205, fastening bolt 1, as shown in fig. 7, wherein upper backup pad 201 includes upper backup pad
Threaded hole 20101, four upper ear seats 20102, upper ear seat threaded hole 20103；Lower supporting plate 205 includes four lower ear bases 20501,
Lower ear base threaded hole 20502, lower supporting plate threaded hole 20503；Each rhombus expansion brackets 204 are respectively by four telescopic arms 20401
It is constituted with four link bolts 20402, as shown in Figure 9；Two link bolts 20402 in the direction rhombus expansion brackets 204Z are also distinguished
It is by upper ear seat threaded hole 20103, lower ear base threaded hole 20502 that upper backup pad 201 and lower supporting plate 205 is hinged；Each water chestnut
Two link bolts 20402 of shape expansion bracket Y-direction also keep beam threaded hole 20305 to tie transmission by drive mechanism 3 respectively
Structure 203 and rhombus expansion brackets 204 are hinged, and drive mechanism 203 is placed between upper backup pad 201, lower supporting plate 205.Adjust rotation
Button 202 is fixedly connected with the main transmission multi-diameter shaft 20309 of drive mechanism 203；Fastening bolt 1 is adjusted for Z-direction displacement
Connection between device 2 and Y-direction displacement adjustment device 3；
Bistable state energy acquisition structure 1 is placed in 2 top of Z-direction displacement adjustment device, and passes through bottom base screw thread respectively
Hole 10206 and upper backup pad threaded hole 20101 are connected by fastening screw 2 106.
As shown in figure 8, drive mechanism 203 include drive mechanism keep beam 1, drive mechanism keep beam 2 20302,
Drive mechanism keeps beam 3 20303, drive mechanism that beam 4 20304, drive mechanism is kept to keep beam threaded hole 20305, transmission knot
Structure keeps beam unthreaded hole 1, drive mechanism movement to keep beam unthreaded hole 2 20307, drive rod 20308, main transmission multi-diameter shaft
20309, fastening bolt 2 20310；Beam three is wherein kept by drive mechanism on the left of the ladder of main transmission multi-diameter shaft 20309
Drive mechanism movement on 20303 keeps beam unthreaded hole 20307, and 20309 left front end of main transmission multi-diameter shaft and drive mechanism keep beam
4 20304 are screwed on fixation, and two drive rods 20308 are each passed through drive mechanism and beam 4 20304 and drive mechanism is kept to keep beam
Drive mechanism on 3 20303 keeps beam unthreaded hole 1 and is fixed with fastening bolt 2 20310；It is main to reach transmission purpose
Be driven on the right side of the ladder of multi-diameter shaft 20309 keeps the drive mechanism movement on beam 2 20302 to keep beam unthreaded hole by drive mechanism
2 20307, then two drive rods 20308 are passed through into drive mechanism respectively, beam 2 220302 and drive mechanism is kept to keep beam one
Drive mechanism on 20301 keeps beam unthreaded hole 1 and is fixed with fastening bolt 2 20310；Because of adjusting knob 202 and main biography
Dynamic multi-diameter shaft 20309 is fixedly connected, and when turn adjusting knob 202, main transmission multi-diameter shaft 20309 and drive rod 20308 are distinguished
Drive mechanism is driven to keep beam 4 20304, drive mechanism that beam 3 20303, drive mechanism is kept to keep beam 2 20302, transmission knot
Structure keeps beam 1 to move, and keeps rhombus expansion brackets 204 flexible, to control the lifting of upper backup pad 201.
As shown in figure 13,4 support base includes 401 regulating tanks one and 402 support base threaded holes；
As shown in Figure 10,11,12, Y-direction displacement adjustment device 3 includes movable support 301, determines support 302, gasket one
303, gear 1, knob 305, fastening screw 3 306, optical axis 307, fastening screw 5 308；
Wherein movable support 301 includes stepped groove 30101；Movable support threaded hole 1；Movable support threaded hole two
30103；Movable support unthreaded hole 30104；
302 to determine support include rack gear 30201, rack gear threaded hole 1, fastening screw 4 30203, ear mount 30204, ear
Seat threaded hole 30205, determines support body 30206；
Rack gear 1 is fixed on by rack gear threaded hole 1 using fastening screw 4 30203 and determines support body
On 30206, and gear 1 is placed on rack gear 1；It is provided with stepped groove 30101 inside movable support 301, makes it
It can cooperate with the non-Interference contact of support 302 is determined；Pass through movable support threaded hole 30103 for gasket using fastening screw 5 308
One 303 are fixed on 301 outside of movable support；Optical axis 307 is passed through into movable support unthreaded hole 30104, makes one end and gear 1
Interference contact cooperation, the other end are fixedly connected with knob 305；Gear 1 and rack gear 1 are that a pair of of gear-tooth item is transported
Dynamic pair, when turn knobs 305, gear 1 moves on rack gear 1, and optical axis 307 drives movable support 301 to move,
To realize Y-direction motor adjustment.
Z-direction displacement adjustment device 2 is placed in 3 top of Y-direction displacement adjustment device, and passes through lower supporting plate screw thread respectively
Hole 20503 and movable support threaded hole 30102 are connected by fastening bolt 1.
The Y-direction displacement adjustment device 3 utilizes fastening screw 3 306, passes sequentially through the ear mount spiral shell in ear mount 30204
Pit 30205 and support base threaded hole 402 are fixed in support base 4.
As shown in Figure 14,15, magnet Z-direction displacement adjustment device 1 includes fixed magnet support plate 501, moveable support
502,503, gasket 2 504, adjusting knob 505, hook knob 506, fastening bolt 507, gear 508, trough of belt optical axis are supported surely
509；510 fastening screws eight；Magnet 1；
The fixed magnet support plate 501 includes support plate 50101, and fixed magnet support plate thread hole 50102 fastens spiral shell
6 50103 are followed closely, the moveable support 502 includes interior stepped groove 50201, moveable support threaded hole 1, moveable support screw thread
Hole 2 50203, moveable support unthreaded hole 50204；Surely the support 503 includes rack gear 2 50301, rack gear threaded hole 50302, fastening
Screw 7 50303, regulating tank 2 50304；
Pass through fixed magnet support plate thread hole 50102 and moveable support threaded hole respectively using fastening screw 6 50103
50202 are mounted on fixed magnet support plate 501 on moveable support 502, and magnet 1 is fixedly connected in support plate 50101；
Rack gear 2 50301 is fixed on fastening screw 7 50303 by rack gear threaded hole 2 50302 and determines support ontology
On 50305；It is provided with interior stepped groove 50201 in moveable support 502, can cooperate with the non-Interference contact of fixed support 503；It utilizes
Gasket 2 504 is fixed on 502 outside of moveable support, trough of belt light by moveable support threaded hole 2 50203 by fastening screw 8 510
509 one end of axis and gear 508 are interference fitted, the other end band fixed card slot 50901 of trough of belt optical axis 509, and the end passes through movably
It supports unthreaded hole 50204 and is connected with adjusting knob 505；Gear 508 and rack gear 2 50301 constitute gear-tooth kinematic pair, locking
Knob 506 and moveable support 502 are rotatablely connected；When turn adjusting knob 505, gear-tooth kinematic pair drives moveable support
502 move along Z-direction, and when moving to suitable location, the fixed card slot 50901 of trough of belt optical axis is stuck in using hook knob 506
In locked.
Magnet Z-direction displacement adjustment device 26 and magnet Z-direction displacement adjustment device 1 have identical structure；
And it is utilized respectively fastening bolt 3 507 and is symmetrically fixed in support base 4 by regulating tank 2 50304 and regulating tank 1
Heart two sides, installation site can be adjusted by regulating tank 1, to change one 5 He of magnet Z-direction displacement adjustment device
The distance between Z-direction displacement adjustment device 26 and 101 central sill end magnets of cross resonance beam；
As shown in figure 18, the left side beam end magnets 10103, right side beam end magnets 10104 respectively with magnet Z-direction
The magnet 1 of displacement adjustment device 1, magnet Z-direction displacement adjustment device 26 magnet 2 601 is opposite and magnetic phase
Reprimand guarantees the primary condition for realizing the acquisition of bistable state vibrational energy.
As shown in figure 18, the left side beam end magnets 10103 of cross resonance beam 101 and the displacement of magnet Z-direction adjust dress
The magnet 1 set in one 5 forms bistable structure, referred to as bistable state one；The right side beam end magnets of cross resonance beam 101
10104 form bistable structure, referred to as bistable state two with the magnet 2 601 in magnet Z-direction displacement adjustment device 26.
Wide frequency domain self-tuning bistable state energy collecting device Z-direction displacement adjustment device 2, Y-direction displacement adjustment device 3 can
Bistable state energy acquisition nuclear structure 1 is set to realize the movement of Z-direction and Y-direction, magnet Z-direction displacement adjustment device 1 respectively
It can be realized fixed magnet 50101 continuous moving in z-direction and in the Y direction with Z-direction displacement adjustment device 26
Discontinuous movement.Above-mentioned three kinds of devices are worked in coordination adjusting, enable bistable state energy acquisition nuclear structure 1 obtain it is different just
Beginning magnet spacing is to obtain different bistable state states.
When all regulating devices adjusting to suitable location and locking is motionless, can guarantee bistable state energy acquisition nuclear structure
1 respectively with 26 one bistable state of each self-forming of magnet Z-direction displacement adjustment device 1 and Z-direction displacement adjustment device, and
Due to cross resonance beam 101 can in cross bath 10201 it is free to slide, magnet spacing is constantly changing, this variation
It so that energy collecting device is formed a variety of bistable states between two extreme positions, and realize automatic between bistable state
Switching, if being able to observe that two at two extreme positions 10203,10204 of cross bath 10201 just for floor 10105
To bistable state.
The working principle of the invention is: bistable state is a kind of typical nonlinear physics phenomenon, can be than wider frequency
Make beam that large deformation occur in domain, electric signal output is converted for deformation by piezoelectricity vibration pick-up structure, thus collecting energy.Due to outer
Boundary's environmental vibration frequency and the intrinsic frequency of certain one end resonance beam in energy collecting device match, and generate resonance；Due to resonating,
The resonance end stress of cross resonance beam is greater than off-resonance end, leads to both ends force unbalance, makes resonance beam in bottom base cross
It is slided automatically between two extreme positions of shape slot, to change magnet spacing；When magnet spacing changes, magnetic repulsion occurs
Change, cross resonance beam can form the bistable state of a variety of frequency domains with fixed magnet.This variation can theoretically make
Energy collecting device forms a variety of bistable states between two extreme positions, and realizes the automatic switchover between bistable state, to reach
To the purpose for widening frequency domain, self-tuning is realized.If being able to observe that just for floor in two extreme positions of cross bath
Two pairs of bistable states.Z-direction displacement adjustment device that energy collecting device is included, Y-direction displacement adjustment device can make double respectively
Steady state energy acquires the movement that nuclear structure realizes Z-direction and Y-direction, and magnet Z-direction displacement adjustment device then can be realized solid
The continuous moving of fixed magnet in z-direction and discontinuous movement in the Y direction.Above-mentioned three kinds of devices are worked in coordination adjusting, are made
Bistable state energy acquisition nuclear structure can obtain different initial magnet spacing to obtain different bistable state states, realize needle
Passive tuning to different application environment.
A kind of wide frequency domain self-tuning bistable state energy collecting device acquisition method, including the following steps:
(1) wide frequency domain self-tuning bistable state vibration energy collector is placed in vibration environment, environmental vibration frequency and energy
The intrinsic frequency of certain one end of cross resonance beam 101 matches in amount collector, generates resonance；
(2) since resonance, the resonance end stress of cross resonance beam 101 are greater than off-resonance end, cause both ends stress uneven
Weighing apparatus, slides cross resonance beam automatically in bottom base 102, to change: left side beam end magnets 10103 and magnet one
Distance between 511 and right side beam end magnets 10104 between magnet 2 601 at a distance from；
(3) with the variation of each magnet spacing, magnetic repulsion changes, also changes so as to cause bistable state state,
Another pair bistable state two is converted to from a pair of of bistable state one, in which: the left side beam end magnets of cross resonance beam 101
10103 form bistable structure, referred to as bistable state one with the magnet 1 in magnet Z-direction displacement adjustment device 1；Cross
The right side beam end magnets 10104 of shape resonance beam 101 and 2 601 groups of magnet in magnet Z-direction displacement adjustment device 26 are in pairs
Stable structure, referred to as bistable state two；It can make energy collecting device between two extreme positions of bottom base 102 in this variation
A variety of bistable states are formed, and realize the automatic switchover between bistable state；
(4) vibration in environment moves the cross resonance beam 101 in energy collecting device, in moving process, by
It is moved between bistable state makes cross resonance beam generate trap, makes cross resonance beam 101 that large deformation occur, picked up by right side piezoelectricity
Deformation can be converted to voltage signal V by vibration structure 10101, left side piezoelectricity vibration pick-up structure 10102, exported, reach energy and adopt
The purpose of collection；
Using Newton's second law, resonance beam Axial Load Analysis is as follows:
Bringing axial magnetic formula into has:
101 left side Crosswise Vibration Equation of cross resonance beam are as follows:
101 right side Crosswise Vibration Equation of cross resonance beam are as follows:
Wherein, u is the distance of axial movement, d1,d2Respectively the distance between left and right sides magnet；
M is the unit mass of each beam element, and y is axial coordinate, EIvFor bending stiffness, IvFor cross sectional moment of inertia, csFor
Structure d amping coefficient, cdFor air damping coefficient,To be axially moved acceleration, Me1,Me2For beam end magnets quality, Q1,Q2For
Transverse magnet repulsion, P suffered by beam end magnets1,P2For transverse magnet repulsion, L suffered by beam end magnetsleft,LrightIt is respectively left
Right side beam beam length, t are the time,For the piezoelectric coupling coefficient of piezoelectric material, V is output voltage, CpFor equivalent capacity, R1、R2Point
Not Wei left and right ends equivalent resistance, Θ is electromechanical coupling factor, and δ is Dirac function；
Simulation calculation is carried out with Matlab, finally obtains the voltage value V of institute's collecting energy in certain frequency domain.
Below by establishing the relationship of magnetic repulsion Yu magnet spacing, with MATLAB emulation tool, to acquisition of the invention
Method is further analyzed.
It determines that magnet spacing enables a system to generate bistable state, force analysis is carried out to two magnet stress, steps are as follows:
(a) the magnetic density B between two magnet is acquiredBA
Wherein space permeability μ0=4 π × 10-7H/m,For vector gradient, mAFor the magnetic moment of beam-ends magnet, mBFor fixation
The magnetic moment of magnet, MBFor the intensity of magnetization of fixed magnet, VBFor the volume of fixed magnet, rBAFor fixed magnet to beam end magnets
Direction vector.Beam end magnets repel each other with fixed magnet magnetism, displacement are generated under the action of magnetic repulsion, at this time beam end magnetic
Iron phase is θ for the corner of fixed magnet, and d is the horizontal distance between two magnet, and z is lateral displacement, zpFor transversely excited
Displacement,For unit vector.
(b) potential energy between magnet are as follows:
Wherein, L is a certain instantaneous, the beam length of the wherein one end of cross resonance beam 101.It can be obtained according to the potential energy in magnetic field
The magnetic repulsion of two magnet resolves into magnetic repulsion in the horizontal magnetic force point on vertical direction in order to facilitate subsequent analysis calculating
Power, expression formula difference are as follows:
It is axial:
Laterally:
(4) vibration in external environment can be such that the beam in device moves, in moving process, since bistable state makes beam
It is moved between generation trap, makes beam 101 that large deformation occur, deformation can be converted to by telecommunications by piezoelectricity vibration pick-up structure 10101,10102
Number, it is exported, achievees the purpose that energy acquisition.It is as shown in figure 18 wide frequency domain self-tuning bistable state vibration energy collector work
Make simplified principle figure.
Known magnetic repulsion, it is desirable that the equation of motion under magnetic repulsion and dynamic excitation of axially transporing beam acquires movement rule
Rule obtains the response of resonance beam in the case where generating bistable situation.
It is theoretical according to Euler Bernoulli Jacob beam and small deformation, using Distributed-parameter method, it is humorous to list cross involved in the present invention
The kinematics Crosswise Vibration Equation and electricity equation of vibration beam bistable state vibration energy collector are as follows:
Left side:
Right side:
Wherein, m is the unit mass of each beam element, and y is axial coordinate, EIvFor bending stiffness, IvFor cross sectional moment of inertia,
csFor structure d amping coefficient, cdFor air damping coefficient,To be axially moved acceleration, Me1,Me2For beam end magnets quality, Q1,
Q2For transverse magnet repulsion, P suffered by beam end magnets1,P2For transverse magnet repulsion, L suffered by beam end magnetsleft,LrightRespectively
For left and right curb girder beam length, t is the time,For the piezoelectric coupling coefficient of piezoelectric material, V is output voltage, CpFor equivalent capacity, R1、
R2The respectively equivalent resistance of left and right ends, Θ are electromechanical coupling factor, and δ is Dirac function.
Using Newton's second law, resonance beam Axial Load Analysis is as follows:
Bringing axial magnetic formula into has:
Wherein, u is the distance of axial movement, d1,d2Respectively the distance between left and right sides magnet.
According to the equation of motion under magnetic repulsion and dynamic excitation of the available axially transporing beam of above formula, acquire
The characteristics of motion.When the external world generates vibrational excitation, resonance beam 101 generates axial movement, magnetic since force unbalance occurs for resonance
The change of iron spacing causes magnetic repulsion to change, the response of the available resonance beam in the case where generating bistable situation of above formula, most
Magnet spacing is designed according to above-mentioned theory eventually, and then determines regulating device position；According to outer work condition work frequency domain and response frequency
The matching relationship of rate, the structure size of design resonance beam and cross bath in pedestal.This variation can theoretically be such that energy adopts
Storage forms a variety of bistable states between two extreme positions, and realizes the automatic switchover between bistable state, if just for floor
105 cross bath 10201 two extreme positions, be able to observe that two pairs of bistable states.
In order to acquire the vibrational energy of more frequency domains, the shape of resonance beam, which can be expanded further, extends into other structures shape
Four girder constructions, annular diverging beam and the centripetal girder construction of annular also can be used in formula.
Figure 19 is illustrated in dynamic excitation amplitude A=2mm, under the conditions of frequency f=pi rad/s, self-tuning bistable state energy
Amount collector in cross resonance beam 101 be at 10201 extreme position 10203 of cross bath be formed by two kinds of bistable states with
The shift spectrum figure of corresponding linear (non-magnet) electricity energy harvester.It can be seen from the figure that self-tuning bistable state energy acquisition
Device, can be in broader frequency domain (1- compared to linear energy acquisition device due to there is the bistable comprehensive function of two parts
There is higher output displacement on 31Hz).
Figure 20 is illustrated in dynamic excitation amplitude A=2mm, under the conditions of frequency f=pi rad/s, self-tuning bistable state energy
Amount collector in cross resonance beam 101 be at 10201 extreme position 10204 of cross bath be formed by two kinds of bistable states with
The shift spectrum figure of corresponding linear (non-magnet) electricity energy harvester.Similarly, self-tuning bistable state electricity energy harvester compared to
Linear energy acquisition device also can have higher output displacement on broader frequency domain (1-31Hz).
In order to acquire the vibrational energy of more wide frequency domain, the shape of resonance beam, which can be expanded further, extends into other structures shape
Four girder constructions, eight girder constructions also can be used, as shown in Figure 16 and Figure 17 in formula.For the vibrational energy for acquiring more wide frequency domain, Mei Geshuan
101 initial length of resonance beam of steady-state system and initial magnet spacing are different, i.e., initially comprising a variety of double in the same device
Stable structure.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of wide frequency domain self-tuning bistable state vibration energy collector, it is characterised in that: including bistable state energy acquisition core
Structure, Z-direction displacement adjustment device, Y-direction displacement adjustment device, support base, magnet Z-direction displacement adjustment device one, magnetic
Iron Z-direction displacement adjustment device two；Wherein Y-direction displacement adjustment device is fixedly connected with support base upper center, the magnet side Z
It is fixedly connected respectively with support base top to displacement adjustment device one and magnet Z-direction displacement adjustment device two and is located at the side Y
To displacement adjustment device two sides, Z-direction displacement adjustment device is fixedly connected with Y-direction displacement adjustment device top, bistable state energy
Amount acquisition nuclear structure is fixedly connected with Z-direction displacement adjustment device top.
2. a kind of wide frequency domain self-tuning bistable state vibration energy collector according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
Bistable state energy acquisition nuclear structure include cross resonance beam, bottom base, top base, toroidal roller bearing, fastening screw one,
Fastening screw two；Wherein the bottom base is fixedly connected with top base by fastening screw one, and toroidal roller bearing is located at
In the bottom base central channel of bottom base, the top base central channel of top base, cross resonance beam is located at the bottom base ten of bottom base
In the top base cross bath of font groove and top base, fastening screw two is used for and the fixed company in Z-direction displacement adjustment device top
It connects；
The bottom base includes bottom base cross bath, bottom base central channel, extreme position one, extreme position two, bottom base spiral shell
Pit one, bottom base threaded hole two；
The top base includes；Top base cross bath, top base central channel, top base threaded hole；
The bottom base cross bath is identical with top base cross bath；
The upper and lower surfaces of the cross resonance beam are contacted with toroidal roller bearing, and top base and bottom base pass through upper base respectively
Seat threaded hole is fixedly connected with bottom base threaded hole one by fastening screw one.
3. a kind of wide frequency domain self-tuning bistable state vibration energy collector according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described
Cross resonance beam includes: right side piezoelectricity vibration pick-up structure, left side piezoelectricity vibration pick-up structure, left side beam end magnets, right side beam end
Magnet, floor, ontology；Wherein, have floor in the middle part of ontology, right side piezoelectricity vibration pick-up structure, left side piezoelectricity vibration pick-up structure respectively with
The top of the ontology of floor two sides is fixedly connected, and left side beam end magnets, right side beam end magnets are fixed with ontology both ends respectively
Connection；Bottom base cross bath, top base cross bath Y-direction size be greater than floor size.
4. a kind of wide frequency domain self-tuning bistable state vibration energy collector according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the side Z
It include: upper backup pad, adjusting knob, drive mechanism, rhombus expansion brackets, lower supporting plate, fastening bolt one to displacement adjustment device,
Wherein upper backup pad includes upper backup pad threaded hole, four upper ear seats, upper ear seat threaded hole；Lower supporting plate includes four lower ears
Seat, lower ear base threaded hole, lower supporting plate threaded hole；Each rhombus expansion brackets are respectively by four telescopic arms and four link bolt structures
At, two link bolts of rhombus expansion brackets Z-direction also respectively by upper ear seat threaded hole, lower ear base threaded hole by upper backup pad
It is hinged with lower supporting plate；Two link bolts of each rhombus expansion brackets Y-direction also keep beam screw thread by drive mechanism respectively
Hole is hinged with rhombus expansion brackets by drive mechanism, and drive mechanism is placed between upper backup pad, lower supporting plate, adjusting knob and biography
The main transmission multi-diameter shaft of dynamic structure is fixedly connected；Fastening bolt one adjusts dress for Z-direction displacement adjustment device and Y-direction displacement
Connection between setting；
The drive mechanism includes that drive mechanism keeps beam one, drive mechanism that beam two, drive mechanism is kept to keep beam three, transmission knot
Structure keeps beam four, drive mechanism to keep beam threaded hole, drive mechanism that beam unthreaded hole one, drive mechanism movement is kept to keep beam unthreaded hole
Two, drive rod, main transmission multi-diameter shaft, fastening bolt two；Wherein kept on the left of the ladder of main transmission multi-diameter shaft by drive mechanism
Drive mechanism movement on beam three keeps beam unthreaded hole, and main transmission multi-diameter shaft left front end and drive mechanism keep beam four to be screwed on fixation,
Two drive rods are each passed through drive mechanism and keep beam four and drive mechanism that the drive mechanism on beam three is kept to keep beam unthreaded hole one
And it is fixed with fastening bolt two；The drive mechanism on beam two is kept to move by drive mechanism on the right side of the ladder of main transmission multi-diameter shaft
Beam unthreaded hole two is kept, then two drive rods is passed through into drive mechanism respectively, beam two and drive mechanism is kept to keep the transmission on beam one
Structure keeps beam unthreaded hole to use fastening bolt two fixed together；Main transmission multi-diameter shaft and drive rod drive drive mechanism to keep beam respectively
Four, drive mechanism keeps beam three, drive mechanism to keep beam two, drive mechanism that beam one is kept to move, and keeps rhombus expansion brackets flexible.
5. a kind of wide frequency domain self-tuning bistable state vibration energy collector according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the side Y
Include movable support, determine support, gasket one, gear one, knob, fastening screw three, optical axis, fastening screw to displacement adjustment device
Five；Wherein:
The movable support includes stepped groove, movable support threaded hole one, movable support threaded hole two, movable support light；
It is described to determine support and include rack gear, rack gear threaded hole one, fastening screw four, ear mount, ear mount threaded hole, determine support body；
Rack gear one is fixed on by rack gear threaded hole one using fastening screw four and is determined in support body, and gear one is placed in
On rack gear one；It is provided with stepped groove inside movable support, can cooperate with the non-Interference contact of support is determined；Utilize fastening screw five
Gasket one is fixed on the outside of movable support by movable support threaded hole；Optical axis is passed through into movable support unthreaded hole, makes one end
Cooperate with one Interference contact of gear, the other end is fixedly connected with knob；Gear one and rack gear one are a pair of of rack-and-pinion kinematic pair；
The movable support threaded hole be used for Z-direction displacement adjustment device through lower supporting plate threaded hole and fastening bolt one and
The connection of Y-direction displacement adjustment device；
The fastening screw three passes sequentially through the support base threaded hole of the ear mount threaded hole in ear mount and support base, by fixed branch
Seat ontology is fixed in support base.
6. a kind of wide frequency domain self-tuning bistable state vibration energy collector according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: magnet
Z-direction displacement adjustment device two is identical as magnet Z-direction one structure of displacement adjustment device, and wherein magnet Z-direction displacement adjusts dress
Setting one includes fixed magnet support plate, moveable support, fixed support, gasket two, adjusting knob, hook knob, fastening bolt, tooth
Wheel, trough of belt optical axis, fastening screw eight, magnet one；Wherein:
The fixed magnet support plate includes support plate, fixed magnet support plate thread hole, fastening screw six, the moveable support
Including interior stepped groove, moveable support threaded hole one, moveable support threaded hole two, moveable support unthreaded hole；The fixed support includes tooth
Item two, rack gear threaded hole, fastening screw seven, regulating tank two support ontology surely；
Fixed magnet is supported by fixed magnet support plate thread hole and moveable support threaded hole respectively using fastening screw six
Plate is mounted on moveable support, and magnet one is fixedly connected on the supporting plate；
Rack gear two is fixed on fixed support ontology with fastening screw seven by rack gear threaded hole two, interior rank is provided in moveable support
Terraced slot can cooperate with the fixed non-Interference contact of support；Pass through moveable support threaded hole two for gasket using fastening screw eight
Two are fixed on the outside of moveable support, and trough of belt optical axis one end and gear are interference fitted, the other end band fixed card slot of trough of belt optical axis, and
The end passes through moveable support unthreaded hole and is connected with adjusting knob；Wheel and rack two constitutes rack-and-pinion kinematic pair, hook knob
It is rotatablely connected with moveable support；
Slot two is overregulated in fastening bolt threeway and the regulating tank one of support base is symmetrically fixed on support base center side；
Magnet one, the magnet two of magnet Z-direction displacement adjustment device two of Z-direction displacement adjustment device one are last with left side beam respectively
End magnet, right side beam end magnets magnet are opposite and magnetism is repelled each other.
7. a kind of wide frequency domain self-tuning bistable state vibration energy collector according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: cross
The left side beam end magnets of shape resonance beam and the magnet one in magnet Z-direction displacement adjustment device one form bistable structure, claim
For bistable state one；The right side beam end magnets of cross resonance beam and two groups of magnet in magnet Z-direction displacement adjustment device two
At bistable structure, referred to as bistable state two.
8. a kind of wide frequency domain self-tuning bistable state energy collecting device acquisition method, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
(1) wide frequency domain self-tuning bistable state vibration energy collector is placed in vibration environment, environmental vibration frequency is adopted with energy
The intrinsic frequency of certain one end of cross resonance beam matches in storage, generates resonance；
(2) due to resonance, the resonance end stress of cross resonance beam is greater than off-resonance end, leads to both ends force unbalance, make ten
Font resonance beam is slided automatically in bottom base, to change: left side beam end magnets between magnet one at a distance from and right side
Beam end magnets between magnet two at a distance from；
(3) with the variation of each magnet spacing, magnetic repulsion changes, also changes so as to cause bistable state state, i.e., from
A pair of of bistable state one is converted to another pair bistable state two, in which: the left side beam end magnets and magnet Z-direction of cross resonance beam
Magnet one in displacement adjustment device one forms bistable structure, referred to as bistable state one；The right side beam end of cross resonance beam
Magnet two in magnet and magnet Z-direction displacement adjustment device two forms bistable structure, referred to as bistable state two；In this variation
Energy collecting device can be made to form a variety of bistable states between two extreme positions of bottom base, and realize between bistable state from
Dynamic switching；
(4) vibration in environment moves the cross resonance beam in energy collecting device, in moving process, due to bistable state
It is moved between so that cross resonance beam is generated trap, cross resonance beam is made to deform, pressed by right side piezoelectricity vibration pick-up structure, left side
Deformation can be converted to voltage signal V by electric vibration pick-up structure, exported, achieve the purpose that energy acquisition；
Using Newton's second law, resonance beam Axial Load Analysis is as follows:
Bringing axial magnetic formula into has:
Crosswise Vibration Equation on the left of cross resonance beam are as follows:
Crosswise Vibration Equation on the right side of cross resonance beam are as follows:
Wherein, u is the distance of axial movement, d1,d2Respectively the distance between left and right sides magnet；
M is the unit mass of each beam element, and y is axial coordinate, EIvFor bending stiffness, IvFor cross sectional moment of inertia, csFor structure
Damped coefficient, cdFor air damping coefficient,To be axially moved acceleration, Me1,Me2For beam end magnets quality, Q1,Q2For beam end
Hold transverse magnet repulsion suffered by magnet, P1,P2For transverse magnet repulsion, L suffered by beam end magnetsleft,LrightRespectively left and right sides
Beam beam length, t are the time, and θ is the piezoelectric coupling coefficient of piezoelectric material, and V is output voltage, CpFor equivalent capacity, R1、R2Respectively
The equivalent resistance of left and right ends, Θ are electromechanical coupling factor, and δ is Dirac function；
Simulation calculation is carried out with Matlab, finally obtains the voltage value V of institute's collecting energy in certain frequency domain.
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| CN201811227202.4A Pending CN109104123A (en) | 2018-10-21 | 2018-10-21 | A kind of wide frequency domain self-tuning bistable state vibration energy collector and acquisition method |
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| CN113224977A (en) * | 2021-06-01 | 2021-08-06 | 吉林大学 | Vibration energy collector with double self-adaptation of direction and frequency |
| WO2022022243A1 (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2022-02-03 | 江苏大学 | Bistable energy collector centrifugal distance optimal matching method |
| CN114123861A (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-03-01 | 吉林大学 | Wide-frequency-domain vibration energy collecting device in low-frequency vibration environment and preparation method |
| GB2603033A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2022-07-27 | Univ Jiangsu | Bistable energy collector centrifugal distance optimal matching method |
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