CN109103607A - One-dimensional wide angle scanning Phased Array Antenna based on directional diagram reconstructable - Google Patents
One-dimensional wide angle scanning Phased Array Antenna based on directional diagram reconstructable Download PDFInfo
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- CN109103607A CN109103607A CN201810897834.5A CN201810897834A CN109103607A CN 109103607 A CN109103607 A CN 109103607A CN 201810897834 A CN201810897834 A CN 201810897834A CN 109103607 A CN109103607 A CN 109103607A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/08—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a rectilinear path
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
- H01Q3/34—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means
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- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
- Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The one-dimensional wide angle scanning Phased Array Antenna based on directional diagram reconstructable that the invention discloses a kind of, belongs to microwave antenna art field.The present invention is mainly made of annulus parasitic patch, biasing circuit and the feed section of windmill-shape radiation patch, load PIN diode the equidistantly one-dimensional arrangement of multiple phased array antenna units, phased array antenna unit.The present invention is connected to the parasitic patch on both sides by control biasing circuit, and the directional diagram generated in the state of different is complementary to one another, and constructs joint broad beam unit, while parasitic patch has expanded the bandwidth of antenna element.Based on above-mentioned joint broad beam unit, one-dimensional wide angle scanning Phased Array Antenna is constructed.Pitching Surface scan space is divided into two sub-spaces, when scanning in every sub-spaces, only controls the biasing circuit of side respectively, guarantees the parasitic patch conducting of side；The scanning range of planar phased array is effectively expanded, and ensure that higher radiation gain in bandwidth of operation and scanning process.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to microwave antenna art fields, and in particular to a kind of one-dimensional wide angle based on directional diagram reconstructable is swept
Retouch phased array antenna.
Background technique
Recently as the fast development of aerospace industry, the demand for radar system to empty search and tracking is gradually
It improves, just for the phased array antenna of front end, more stringent requirements are proposed for this.However it is swept by way of machinery rotation to extend
The mode for retouching region is inflexible since wave beam controls, while mechanical rotation increases the unstability of system.People start to wish
Prestige can expand phased array antenna itself beam scanning region to substitute the scanning mode of traditional " mutually sweeping "+" machine is swept ", in this way
It realizes the flexible control of wave beam while ensure that the preferable stability of system.But traditional Planar Phased Array Antenna, pass through
Phase controls array, when wave beam close to end-on direction to when deflecting, due to mutual coupling enhancing and unit itself knot
The influence of structure, input impedance can have greatly changed, so that impedance match situation deteriorates, gain degradation directional diagram occurs
Blind spot, therefore be difficult forming effective scanning close to end-on direction, lead to not the detection for completing target.As people study
Go deep into, discovery array element self performance play an important role for the working performance of phased array.Therefore wide wave is constructed
Beam or joint broad beam unit become a kind of effective mode of the scanning range of broadening phased array.And traditional microstrip antenna
In order to realize broad beam, directionality is caused to reduce, so that the gain of array element is lower, how under the premise of guaranteeing certain gain
Realize that there are many difficulties for wide angle scanning phased array.
Document " Wide-Angle Scanning Phased Array Based on Microstrip Magnetic
Dipole Yagi Sub-Arrays(Ya-Qing Wen,Bing-Zhong Wang,Xiao Ding and Ren
Wang.2015 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation&USNC/URSI
National Radio Science Meeting, Vancouver, 2015:2493-2494.) " one kind is disclosed based on micro-strip
The magnetic current dipole yagi aerial array element of structure, the unit are broad beam unit, and construct wide angle scanning phase with this
Array antenna is controlled, but since beam of unit width is wide, the module gain for resulting in antenna is lower, with the array that this element constructs,
The gain of array will receive influence, and the actual gain situation considered under coupling condition is not provided in document.Antenna simultaneously
The smaller bandwidth of unit, and unit and unit direct organization are excessively compact, active refelction coefficient will appear sternly during the scanning process
The deterioration of weight.Therefore, for phased array antenna, how wide angle scanning is realized under the premise of guaranteeing certain gain, together
When the problem of guaranteeing certain bandwidth of operation during the scanning process, being still current urgent need to resolve.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aim to address above-mentioned technical problem, a kind of one-dimensional wide angle based on directional diagram reconstructable is provided and is swept
Retouch phased array antenna.
The present invention solves the technical problem and is adopted the technical scheme that:
A kind of one-dimensional wide angle scanning Phased Array Antenna based on directional diagram reconstructable, by N number of mutually isostructural restructural
Unit is equidistantly one-dimensional to arrange, and N is the positive integer greater than 2；Each reconfigurable cell is 180 ° of center rotational symmetry structures,
Including annulus parasitic radiation patch portion, dielectric-slab, biasing circuit, feed section and metal；
Annulus parasitic radiation patch portion includes upper layer windmill-shape metal patch 1, lower layer's windmill-shape metal patch 2, four
A quarter annulus, four PIN diodes；Upper layer windmill-shape metal patch 1 and lower layer's windmill-shape metal patch 2 are located at Jie
The upper and lower surface of scutum 3；Four a quarter annulus are distributed in around upper layer windmill-shape metal patch 1；Four points on the right side of left side
One of annulus all include three sections of peripheral metal patches 4,5,6, be connected with PIN diode between every two sections of peripheral metal patches；
Biasing circuit includes dumb-bell shape metal patch 9,17, T shape metal patch 10,16 and chip inductor 11,12；First T
Shape metal patch 10 is connect with first segment peripheral metal patch 4, the first dumb-bell shape metal patch 9 and the first T shape metal patch 10
Between be connected with the first chip inductor 11；2nd T shape metal patch 16 is connect with third section peripheral metal patch 6, the 2nd T shape
The second chip inductor 12 is connected between metal patch 16 and the second dumb-bell shape metal patch 17；Two groups of biasing circuits load respectively
In left and right side a quarter annulus；
Feed section includes the metal probe 13 and outer layer metal 14 in coaxial configuration；Lower layer's windmill-shape metal patch 2
There is a via hole at center, and metal probe 13 passes through via hole and connect with upper layer windmill-shape metal patch 1, outer layer metal 14 and lower layer's windmill
Shape metal patch 2 connects；
18 it is located at the lower sections of dielectric-slab 3 and intermediate there are gaps to metal.
Metal gap between 18 and dielectric-slab 3 be quarter-wave.
It is 4.4 that dielectric-slab 3, which selects dielectric constant, with a thickness of the FR-4 plate of 2mm.
Upper layer windmill-shape metal patch 1 is fed by metal probe 13, lower layer's windmill-shape metal patch 2 and feed
Coaxial outer layer metal 14 is connected.When metal patch 10 connects anode in biasing circuit, metal patch 17 is grounded, then load is on right side
PIN diode 7,8 between three metal patches of a quarter annulus is connected, at this time right side a quarter annulus metal patch
4, it 5,6 links together, and the diode in left side is not turned on, three sections of metal patches in left side are just led not over diode
Lead to and is connected together.The structure of similar restructural yagi aerial is just constituted in this way, and left side load diode is not led
Logical a quarter annulus is equivalent to director, and the conducting of a quarter annulus on right side is equivalent to reflector, passes through this side
Wave beam may be implemented by the deflection to the left of surface in formula.Identical mode, when conducting left side diode, then left side four
/ mono- annulus links together, and a quarter annulus on right side is not turned on, and left side is equivalent to reflector at this time, and right side
It is then equivalent to director, then wave beam can deflect to the right.By being connected and disconnect diode, directional diagram reconstruct may be implemented, two
Directional diagram under kind different situations complements each other, and can construct joint broad beam unit.Meanwhile windmill-shape radiation patch 1,2 weeks
The four a quarter annulus patches enclosed have effectively expanded the bandwidth of operation of antenna due to parasitization.
1 × 8 one-dimensional array is constituted according to equidistant arrangement based on above-mentioned directional diagram reconstructable unit.At this point, by upper
Half space is divided into two regions in left and right, a quarter annulus during being scanned to left half space, on the left of each unit
In diode be not turned on, diode current flow in a quarter annulus on right side, at this time by coaxial feeder in each unit
Upper layer windmill-shape metal radiation patch 1 fed, by change unit between phase difference, realize in -75 °~-0 ° model
The wave cover enclosed；During being scanned to right half space, it is only necessary to diode in a quarter annulus in left side is connected, it is right
Diode in a quarter annulus of side is not turned on.At this time by coaxial feeder to the upper layer windmill-shape metal spoke in each unit
It penetrates patch 1 to be fed, by changing the phase difference between unit, realizes the wave cover in 0 °~75 ° ranges.In this way
Mode, aerial array may be implemented and scanned in the range of -75 °~+75 ° of entire upper half-space.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1) present invention is by having expanded scanning range in different scanning area reconfigurable antenna structures.
(2) present invention utilizes the structure of windmill-shape radiation patch, ensure that element antenna is identical in different reconstituted states
Polarization, avoid the inconsistent problem of polarizing.
(3) invention unit wave beam constructs joint broad beam unit by way of reconstructing directional diagram, compared to tradition
Broad beam unit have higher gain, be more advantageous to actual use.
(4) present invention using around radiation patch design annulus parasitic patch in the way of, array element both may be implemented
The bandwidth of operation of array antenna has simultaneously effective been widened in the reconstruct of directional diagram.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the side view of phased array antenna of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the top view of phased array antenna of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the side view of array antenna unit of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the schematic cross-section of array antenna unit upper layer of the present invention patch；
Fig. 5 is the schematic cross-section of array antenna unit bottom layer of patches of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the S parameter analogous diagram of array element of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the directional diagram of deflection shape on the left of array element radiation direction of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the directional diagram of deflection shape on the right side of array element radiation direction of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is the radiation scanning directional diagram scanning schematic diagram of phased array antenna of the present invention；
Active refelction charts for finned heat when Figure 10 is phased array antenna scanning different angle of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further detailed with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The present embodiment provides a kind of one-dimensional wide angle scanning Phased Array Antenna based on directional diagram reconstructable, side view
Scheme as shown in Figure 1, top view by eight mutually isostructural reconfigurable cells are equidistantly one-dimensional as shown in Fig. 2, arranged；Each
Reconfigurable cell be 180 ° of center rotational symmetry structures, side view as shown in figure 3, top view as shown in figure 4, being posted including annulus
Raw radiation patch part, dielectric-slab, biasing circuit, feed section and metal；
Annulus parasitic radiation patch portion includes upper layer windmill-shape metal patch 1, lower layer's windmill-shape metal patch 2, four
A quarter annulus, four PIN diodes；Fig. 4 gives the shape of upper layer windmill-shape metal patch 1, lower layer's windmill-shape metal
The schematic cross-section of patch 2 is as shown in figure 5, upper layer windmill-shape metal patch 1 and lower layer's windmill-shape metal patch 2 are located at
The upper and lower surface of dielectric-slab 3；Four a quarter annulus are distributed in around upper layer windmill-shape metal patch 1；Four on the right side of left side
/ mono- annulus all includes three sections of peripheral metal patches 4,5,6, is connected with PIN diode between every two sections of peripheral metal patches；
Biasing circuit includes dumb-bell shape metal patch 9,17, T shape metal patch 10,16 and chip inductor 11,12；First T
Shape metal patch 10 is connect with first segment peripheral metal patch 4, the first dumb-bell shape metal patch 9 and the first T shape metal patch 10
Between be connected with the first chip inductor 11；2nd T shape metal patch 16 is connect with third section peripheral metal patch 6, the 2nd T shape
The second chip inductor 12 is connected between metal patch 16 and the second dumb-bell shape metal patch 17；Two groups of biasing circuits load respectively
In left and right side a quarter annulus；The chip inductor 11,12 of load can flow into direct current biasing to avoid high-frequency current.
Feed section includes the metal probe 13 and outer layer metal 14 in coaxial configuration；Lower layer's windmill-shape metal patch 2
There is a via hole at center, and metal probe 13 passes through via hole and connect with upper layer windmill-shape metal patch 1, outer layer metal 14 and lower layer's windmill
Shape metal patch 2 connects；
18 it is located at the lower sections of dielectric-slab 3 and intermediate there are gaps to metal.
Metal gap between 18 and dielectric-slab 3 be quarter-wave, about 10mm.
It is 4.4 that dielectric-slab 3, which selects dielectric constant, with a thickness of the FR-4 plate of 2mm.
Upper layer windmill-shape metal patch 1 is fed by metal probe 13, and lower metal patch 2 is coaxial outer with feed
Layer metal 14 is connected.As can be seen from Figure 5, the metal probe of feed section pass through lower metal patch 2 without being in contact with it,
Motivate upper layer windmill-shape metal patch 1.
1 × 8 one-dimensional array is constituted according to equidistant arrangement based on above-mentioned directional diagram reconstructable unit.At this point, by upper
Half space is divided into intermediate three regions in left and right, a quarter during being scanned to left half space, on the left of each unit
Diode in annulus is not turned on, diode current flow in a quarter annulus on right side, at this time by coaxial feeder to each list
Windmill-shape metal radiation patch 1 in member is fed, and by changing the phase difference between unit, realizes -75 °~0 ° range
Wave cover；During being scanned to right half space, it is only necessary to diode in a quarter annulus on right side, left side be connected
Diode in a quarter annulus is not turned on.At this time by coaxial feeder to the windmill-shape metal radiation patch in each unit
1 is fed, and by changing the phase difference between unit, realizes wave beam in the covering of 0 °~75 ° ranges.Side in this way
Formula may be implemented aerial array and realize wave cover in the range of -75 °~+75 ° of entire upper half-space.
Fig. 6 gives the S parameter simulation curve of cellular construction, from curve it can be seen that array element entire 6~
Preferable impedance matching is all realized in the range of 7GHz.On the basis of taking into account antenna pattern, it is also ensured that 6~
Good work within the scope of 6.5GHz.
Biasing circuit of the element antenna at left and right sides of control respectively is given in Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, makes the parasitism of the left and right sides
Patch is in side conducting, under conditions of the other side disconnects.By simulation result, show preferably to be reconstructed the radiation side of antenna
Xiang Tu, directional diagram realize apparent deflection, while ensure that in the lower cross polarization of main radiation direction.
Fig. 9 gives equidistantly arranged by unit after the one-dimensional array that constitutes be at centre frequency in all units
Situation under a kind of state, by changing unit port phase difference, ± 75 ° of range of wave cover, while in different angle reality
Preferable gain flatness is showed.
The active refelction system that main beam is directed toward array each unit at 9 °, 36 ° and 61 ° is set forth in Figure 10
Number.According to simulation result, show array in working frequency range, different scanning angle reflection coefficient is less than -6dB.It ensure that preferably
Bandwidth of operation, avoid in scanning process occur scanning blind spot the problem of
In conclusion the different mode that the present embodiment is motivated respectively based on different shape patch, constructs joint broad beam
Unit is constructed one-dimensional wide angle scanning phased array, is realized the wave beam in upper half-space ± 75 ° and covered based on this element
Lid, under the premise of guaranteeing certain bandwidth, has effectively expanded scanning range.Meanwhile joint is constructed based on restructural mode
Broad beam unit effectively raises the gain of array element compared to traditional broad beam unit, while improving scanned
The radiation gain of array in journey.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of one-dimensional wide angle scanning Phased Array Antenna based on directional diagram reconstructable, which is characterized in that by N number of identical structure
Reconfigurable cell it is equidistant it is one-dimensional arrange, N is the positive integer greater than 2；Each reconfigurable cell is 180 ° of center rotations
Symmetrical structure, including annulus parasitic radiation patch portion, dielectric-slab, biasing circuit, feed section and metal；
Annulus parasitic radiation patch portion includes upper layer windmill-shape metal patch (1), lower layer's windmill-shape metal patch (2), four
A quarter annulus, four PIN diodes；Upper layer windmill-shape metal patch (1) and lower layer's windmill-shape metal patch (2) difference position
Upper and lower surface in dielectric-slab (3)；Four a quarter annulus are distributed in around upper layer windmill-shape metal patch (1)；Left side
Right side a quarter annulus all includes three sections of peripheral metal patches (4,5,6), is connected with PIN between every two sections of peripheral metal patches
Diode；
Biasing circuit includes dumb-bell shape metal patch (9,17), T shape metal patch (10,16) and chip inductor (11,12)；First
T shape metal patch (10) is connect with first segment peripheral metal patch (4), the first dumb-bell shape metal patch (9) and the first T shape metal
The first chip inductor (11) are connected between patch (10)；2nd T shape metal patch (16) and third section peripheral metal patch (6)
Connection, is connected with the second chip inductor (12) between the 2nd T shape metal patch (16) and the second dumb-bell shape metal patch (17)；Two
Group biasing circuit loads on left and right side a quarter annulus respectively；
Feed section includes the metal probe (13) and outer layer metal (14) in coaxial configuration；Lower layer's windmill-shape metal patch (2)
Center have a via hole, metal probe (13) passes through via hole and connect with upper layer windmill-shape metal patch (1), outer layer metal (14) and
Lower layer's windmill-shape metal patch (2) connection；
Metal (18) be located at the lower section of dielectric-slab (3) and intermediate there are gaps.
2. the one-dimensional wide angle scanning Phased Array Antenna according to claim 1 based on directional diagram reconstructable, feature exist
In N=8.
3. the one-dimensional wide angle scanning Phased Array Antenna according to claim 1 based on directional diagram reconstructable, feature exist
Gap in, metal between (18) and dielectric-slab (3) is quarter-wave.
4. the one-dimensional wide angle scanning Phased Array Antenna according to claim 1 based on directional diagram reconstructable, feature exist
In it is 4.4 that dielectric-slab (3), which selects dielectric constant, with a thickness of the FR-4 plate of 2mm.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112436269A (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2021-03-02 | 重庆大学 | Huygens source electric small antenna with reconfigurable frequency agility directional diagram |
| CN112787098A (en) * | 2021-02-10 | 2021-05-11 | 西南电子技术研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所） | Two-dimensional circularly polarized wide-angle scanning phased array antenna |
| CN113540828A (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2021-10-22 | 河北工业大学 | Phased array antenna with reconfigurable directional diagram |
| CN113644417A (en) * | 2021-08-09 | 2021-11-12 | 上海交通大学 | Phasor beam adjustable antenna and conformal antenna array formed by same |
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| CN108023178A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2018-05-11 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of directional diagram reconstructable aerial and its phased array |
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| CN108023178A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2018-05-11 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of directional diagram reconstructable aerial and its phased array |
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| FEI YAN ET AL.: "Planar Wide-Angle Scanning Periodic Sparse Phased Array Using Pattern Reconfigurable Antenna", 《2018 IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION & USNC/URSI NATIONAL RADIO SCIENCE MEETING》 * |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112436269A (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2021-03-02 | 重庆大学 | Huygens source electric small antenna with reconfigurable frequency agility directional diagram |
| CN112787098A (en) * | 2021-02-10 | 2021-05-11 | 西南电子技术研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所） | Two-dimensional circularly polarized wide-angle scanning phased array antenna |
| CN113540828A (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2021-10-22 | 河北工业大学 | Phased array antenna with reconfigurable directional diagram |
| CN113644417A (en) * | 2021-08-09 | 2021-11-12 | 上海交通大学 | Phasor beam adjustable antenna and conformal antenna array formed by same |
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| CN109103607B (en) | 2021-10-26 |
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