CN109103325B - Multistage thermoelectric module with phase change energy storage layer - Google Patents
Multistage thermoelectric module with phase change energy storage layer Download PDFInfo
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- CN109103325B CN109103325B CN201810771994.5A CN201810771994A CN109103325B CN 109103325 B CN109103325 B CN 109103325B CN 201810771994 A CN201810771994 A CN 201810771994A CN 109103325 B CN109103325 B CN 109103325B
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- H10N10/00—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects
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Abstract
The invention relates to a multi-stage thermoelectric module with a phase-change energy storage layer, which is divided into three stages, namely a high-temperature layer, a medium-temperature layer and a low-temperature layer. The energy storage layer composed of the phase-change material is utilized among the high-temperature layer, the medium-temperature layer and the low-temperature layer, the temperature difference between the hot end and the cold end of the thermoelectric module is kept stable through heat absorption and heat release accompanied in the phase state transition process of the phase-change material, and meanwhile, the temperature of each stage of thermoelectric material is adjusted to be in the temperature range with the optimal performance so as to improve the overall thermoelectric conversion efficiency of the thermoelectric module.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of thermoelectric modules, relates to a multistage thermoelectric module with a phase-change energy storage layer, and particularly relates to a multistage thermoelectric module with an energy storage layer made of a phase-change material.
Background
In thermoelectric modules according to the prior art, such as the thermoelectric module described in CN102308400A, segmented thermoelectric legs use high temperature materials on the hot side of the leg and low temperature materials on the cold side of the leg, thereby improving the overall efficiency of the thermoelectric module. As for thermoelectric materials, there can be divided into three major categories of low-temperature, medium-temperature and high-temperature thermoelectric materials. The temperature ranges for optimum performance of different types of thermoelectric materials vary. The use of different thermoelectric materials in different temperature ranges can improve the efficiency of the thermoelectric module. Meanwhile, when the thermoelectric module is used to recycle waste heat, there is temporal instability of the heat source, that is, the heat input to the thermoelectric module per unit time fluctuates greatly, and it is difficult to maintain the temperature of the thermoelectric material within the temperature range of the optimum performance. In the conventional thermoelectric module, a multi-stage structure is employed to improve the efficiency of the thermoelectric module. However, the traditional multi-stage structure lacks effective measures to solve the problems of unstable temperature difference between the hot end and the cold end of the thermoelectric module and low energy utilization rate caused by time instability of a heat source.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
In order to avoid the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a multistage thermoelectric module with a phase change energy storage layer, which aims at the defects of the conventional thermoelectric module and solves the problem of unstable temperature difference between the hot end and the cold end of the thermoelectric module when the input of an external heat source is unstable.
Technical scheme
A multi-stage thermoelectric module with a phase-change energy storage layer is characterized by comprising a high-temperature layer 1, an intermediate-temperature layer 3 and a low-temperature layer 5; a first-stage energy storage layer 2 is arranged between the high-temperature layer and the middle-temperature layer, and a second-stage energy storage layer 4 is arranged between the middle-temperature layer and the low-temperature layer; each of the high-temperature layer 1, the medium-temperature layer 3 and the low-temperature layer 5 comprises an upper substrate layer 6, a functional layer 7 and a lower substrate layer 8, wherein the functional layer 7 comprises two layers of conductive electrodes 9, a PN pair 10 and a heat insulation support plate 11; the two-layer conductive electrode 9 is positioned above and below the plurality of PN pairs 10 and is connected with the plurality of PN pairs 10 in a series connection mode, and the two-layer conductive electrode 9 and the plurality of PN pairs 10 are embedded in the heat insulation support plate 11; the PN pairs 10 in the high-temperature layer 1 are made of high-temperature thermoelectric materials; the PN pairs 10 in the middle temperature layer 3 adopt middle temperature thermoelectric materials; the PN pairs 10 in the low-temperature layer 5 are made of low-temperature thermoelectric materials;
the first-stage energy storage layer 2 and the second-stage energy storage layer 4 comprise an upper packaging layer 13, an energy storage unit layer 14, a heat conduction partition plate layer 15 and a lower packaging layer 16, the energy storage units 14 are embedded in a checkerboard formed by the heat conduction partition plates 15 with the same sizes, the materials of the first-stage energy storage layer 2 and the upper packaging layer 13 of the second-stage energy storage layer 4 are the same, the materials of the first-stage energy storage layer 2 and the lower packaging layer 16 of the second-stage energy storage layer 4 are the same, and the materials of the energy storage units 14 and the heat conduction partition plates 15 of the first-stage energy storage layer 2 and the second-stage energy storage layer 4 are different; the heat-conducting partition plate 15 is made of the following materials: the heat conduction performance of the energy storage layer 12 can realize the maximization of the overall thermoelectric conversion efficiency of the thermoelectric module; the material selection of the energy storage unit 14 is as follows: according to the actual working condition and the temperature range of each PN pair for playing the best performance, the energy storage unit 14 stores energy to maximize the overall thermoelectric conversion efficiency of the thermoelectric module.
The checkerboard size of the heat-conducting partition plates 15 is the same.
The working temperature of the high-temperature thermoelectric material is higher than 1000K.
The working temperature range of the medium-temperature thermoelectric material is 373K-1000K.
The working temperature range of the temperature of the low-temperature thermoelectric material is 373K or less.
Advantageous effects
The invention provides a multi-stage thermoelectric module with a phase-change energy storage layer. The energy storage layer composed of the phase-change material is utilized among the high-temperature layer, the medium-temperature layer and the low-temperature layer, the temperature difference between the hot end and the cold end of the thermoelectric module is kept stable through heat absorption and heat release accompanied in the phase state transition process of the phase-change material, and meanwhile, the temperature of each stage of thermoelectric material is adjusted to be in the temperature range with the optimal performance so as to improve the overall thermoelectric conversion efficiency of the thermoelectric module.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the multi-stage thermoelectric module adopted by the invention realizes modular encapsulation of different stages, and meets the requirements of different working environments through selection and assembly of different stages.
2. The multi-stage thermoelectric module adopted by the invention uses the thermoelectric material which can exert the best thermoelectric performance in the temperature range for different temperature sections, thereby improving the overall thermoelectric conversion efficiency of the thermoelectric module.
3. A first-stage energy storage layer is arranged between the high-temperature layer and the middle-temperature layer, and second-stage energy storage layers are arranged between the middle-temperature layer and the low-temperature layer, so that the problem that the temperature difference between the hot end and the cold end of the thermoelectric module is unstable when the input of an external heat source is unstable is solved; and the phase change energy storage layer is utilized to overcome the time nonuniformity of external heat source input and realize effective heat management.
The thermoelectric module comprises a thermoelectric module, a high-temperature layer, a medium-temperature layer, a low-temperature layer and a secondary energy storage layer, wherein the high-temperature layer and the medium-temperature layer are arranged in sequence, the secondary energy storage layer is arranged between the high-temperature layer and the medium-temperature layer, and the temperature of each stage of thermoelectric material is adjusted by selecting phase-change materials with different phase-change temperatures, so that the temperature is in the temperature range of the optimal performance of the thermoelectric material to improve the overall thermoelectric conversion.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a thermoelectric module.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the high temperature layer.
Fig. 3 is a structural diagram of an energy storage layer.
In the figure, 1-high temperature layer; 2-first level energy storage layer; 3-middle temperature layer; 4-a secondary energy storage layer; 5-a low temperature layer; 6-upper substrate layer; 7-a functional layer; 8-lower substrate layer; 9-a conductive electrode; a 10-PN pair; 11-an insulating support plate; 12-energy storage layer; 13-upper encapsulation layer; 14-an energy storage unit; 15-a thermally conductive spacer; 16-lower encapsulation layer.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be further described with reference to the following examples and drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a thermoelectric module, and referring to fig. 1, the thermoelectric module of the present invention includes three stages, namely, a high temperature layer 1, an intermediate temperature layer 3, and a low temperature layer 5, wherein a first-stage energy storage layer 2 is disposed between the high temperature layer and the intermediate temperature layer, and a second-stage energy storage layer 4 is disposed between the intermediate temperature layer and the low temperature layer, and the high temperature layer 1, the first-stage energy storage layer 2, the intermediate temperature layer 3, the second-stage energy storage layer 4, and the low temperature layer 5 are sequentially disposed from top to bottom. The high-temperature layer 1, the medium-temperature layer 3 and the low-temperature layer 5 are respectively positioned in a high-temperature section, a medium-temperature section and a low-temperature section.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a high temperature layer, and referring to fig. 2, each of the high temperature layer 1, the medium temperature layer 3, and the low temperature layer 5 of the thermoelectric module is composed of three layers, i.e., an upper substrate layer 6, a functional layer 7, and a lower substrate layer 8. The solar cell comprises an upper substrate layer 6, a functional layer 7 and a lower substrate layer 8 from top to bottom in sequence, wherein the functional layer comprises a PN pair 10, a conductive electrode 9 and a heat insulation support plate 11, the PN pair 10 and the conductive electrode 9 are embedded in the heat insulation support plate, and a plurality of PN pairs 10 are connected in series through the conductive electrode 9. The upper substrate layer 6 and the lower substrate layer 8 mainly function as a support and protection function layer; the PN pairs 10 convert heat energy into electric energy, and the conductive electrodes 9 connect the PN pairs 10 in series to improve output voltage; the heat insulation support plate 11 insulates heat to maintain a large temperature difference between both ends of the PN pair 10, and supports and protects the PN pair 10 and the conductive electrode 9.
Fig. 3 is a structural diagram of an energy storage layer, and referring to fig. 3, the most used material in the energy storage layer 12 is a phase change material, and the function is to realize storage or release of energy by using phase change of the phase change material, so as to realize effective energy management. Specifically, energy is stored when the external heat energy input is large, and energy is released when the external heat energy input is small. Meanwhile, the temperature of the high-temperature layer, the medium-temperature layer and the low-temperature layer is adjusted by changing the heat conduction performance of the energy storage layer 12 by changing the material of the heat conduction partition 15, so that the temperature of each stage of thermoelectric material is in the temperature range of the optimal performance of the thermoelectric material, and the overall thermoelectric conversion efficiency of the thermoelectric module is improved, therefore, the principle of selecting the material of the heat conduction partition 15 is that the heat conduction performance of the energy storage layer 12 is favorable for realizing the maximization of the overall thermoelectric conversion efficiency of the thermoelectric module. The material of the energy storage unit 14 is selected according to the actual working condition and the temperature range of each layer of PN pair for exerting the optimal performance, and the principle of selecting the material of the energy storage unit 14 is to maximize the overall thermoelectric conversion efficiency of the thermoelectric module through the energy storage function of the energy storage unit 14. The structure of the energy storage layer 12 is not limited to the structure of the embodiment, and the structure of the energy storage layer 12 needs to be changed correspondingly for different working environments.
Claims (1)
1. A multi-stage thermoelectric module with a phase-change energy storage layer is characterized by comprising a high-temperature layer (1), a medium-temperature layer (3) and a low-temperature layer (5); a first-stage energy storage layer (2) is arranged between the high-temperature layer and the middle-temperature layer, and a second-stage energy storage layer (4) is arranged between the middle-temperature layer and the low-temperature layer; each of the high-temperature layer (1), the medium-temperature layer (3) and the low-temperature layer (5) comprises an upper substrate layer (6), a functional layer (7) and a lower substrate layer (8), and the functional layer (7) comprises two layers of conductive electrodes (9), a PN pair (10) and a heat insulation support plate (11); the two layers of conductive electrodes (9) are positioned above and below the PN pairs (10) and are connected with the PN pairs (10) in a series connection mode, and the two layers of conductive electrodes (9) and the PN pairs (10) are embedded in the heat insulation support plate (11); the PN pairs 10 in the high-temperature layer 1 are made of high-temperature thermoelectric materials; the PN pairs 10 in the middle temperature layer 3 adopt middle temperature thermoelectric materials; the PN pairs 10 in the low-temperature layer 5 are made of low-temperature thermoelectric materials;
the energy storage device comprises a first-stage energy storage layer (2) and a second-stage energy storage layer (4), wherein the first-stage energy storage layer (2) and the second-stage energy storage layer (4) comprise an upper packaging layer (13), an energy storage unit layer (14), a heat conduction partition plate layer (15) and a lower packaging layer (16), the energy storage units (14) are embedded in a checkerboard formed by the heat conduction partition plates (15) which are matched with the energy storage units in size, the material of the first-stage energy storage layer (2) is the same as that of the upper packaging layer (13) of the second-stage energy storage layer (4), the material of the first-stage energy storage layer (2) is the same as that of the lower packaging layer (16) of the second-stage energy storage layer (4), and the material of the first-stage energy storage layer (2) is different from that of; the heat-conducting partition plate (15) is prepared from the following materials in percentage by weight: the temperature of the high-temperature layer, the medium-temperature layer and the low-temperature layer is adjusted by changing the heat conduction performance of the energy storage layer (12) through changing the material of the heat conduction partition plate (15), so that the temperature of each stage of thermoelectric material is in the temperature range of the optimal performance of the thermoelectric material to improve the overall thermoelectric conversion efficiency of the thermoelectric module, and therefore the principle of selecting the material of the heat conduction partition plate (15) is that the heat conduction performance of the energy storage layer (12) is favorable for realizing the maximization of the overall thermoelectric conversion efficiency of the thermoelectric module; the material selection of the energy storage unit (14) is as follows: according to the actual working condition and the temperature range of each PN pair for playing the best performance, the energy storage unit (14) stores energy to maximize the overall thermoelectric conversion efficiency of the thermoelectric module,
the checkerboard size of the heat-conducting partition plates (15) is the same;
the working temperature of the high-temperature thermoelectric material is higher than 1000K;
the working temperature range of the medium-temperature thermoelectric material is 373K-1000K;
the working temperature range of the temperature of the low-temperature thermoelectric material is 373K or less.
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