CN109090050B - Sediment-free clam worm breeding device and using method thereof - Google Patents

Sediment-free clam worm breeding device and using method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109090050B
CN109090050B CN201810997334.9A CN201810997334A CN109090050B CN 109090050 B CN109090050 B CN 109090050B CN 201810997334 A CN201810997334 A CN 201810997334A CN 109090050 B CN109090050 B CN 109090050B
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matrix
perching
free
breeding
clamworm
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CN109090050A (en
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房景辉
蒋增杰
方建光
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Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences
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Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K67/00Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
    • A01K67/033Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
    • A01K67/04Silkworms

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  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
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  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention provides a silt-free clam worm breeding device which comprises a perching matrix and a perching matrix fixing seat, wherein the perching matrix fixing seat comprises a bottom wall and a side wall arranged around the bottom wall in an enclosing mode, and the bottom wall is detachably provided with the perching matrix for breeding clam worms. The invention provides a silt-free clam worm breeding device and a using method thereof, and solves the problems of high labor intensity, high labor cost and easy damage to clam worms and tides when silt is used as a breeding inhabitation matrix in the prior art.

Description

Sediment-free clam worm breeding device and using method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a sand-free clam worm breeding device and a using method thereof.
Background
Nereid is a benthic marine organism with high economic value and nutritive value, and mainly takes sediments and animal and plant fragments as food. In recent years, the scale of clam worm breeding is expanding. The breeding mode mainly focuses on breeding in intertidal zone mud beaches, the traditional breeding mode is limited by clamworm inhabitation conditions, only can be selected in areas with natural distribution of clamworms, the catching is mainly carried out by a large amount of manual excavation, the labor intensity is high, a large amount of labor is consumed, the labor cost accounts for a large proportion of the clamworm breeding cost, the intertidal zone substrate environment is damaged, and the biological diversity of the breeding areas is influenced; meanwhile, the clam worms are easily damaged in the digging process, and the yield of the commercial clam worms is reduced. The large labor cost and defective proportion make the clam worm breeding cost high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a silt-free clam worm breeding device and a using method thereof, and solves the problems that the prior art uses silt as a breeding inhabitation matrix, such as high labor intensity, high labor cost and easy damage to clam worms and tides, the silt-free clam worm breeding device is convenient and quick to harvest, effectively reduces the labor cost, can be used under indoor industrial breeding conditions, and can also be used in certain areas such as outdoor ponds and shallow seas, and the application range is wide.
The invention also comprises the following additional technical features:
furthermore, the bottom wall is provided with an assembly part for assembling the inhabitation substrate, the inhabitation substrate comprises a substrate support body and soft hair bundles arranged along the height direction of the substrate support body, and the substrate support body is provided with a fixing part matched with the assembly part in a matching way.
Furthermore, a soft wool layer for perching the clamworms is inserted on the bottom wall.
Further, the assembly part is for the shaping inlay groove of diapire top, inlay groove including the cell body with along the both sides wall of cell body extension upward formation extension arm, be formed with between the 2 extension arms that set up relatively and be used for carrying out the clamping part that the centre gripping was fixed to substrate support body both sides.
Furthermore, the distance between the two side arms of the groove body gradually decreases from the bottom end of the groove body to the direction of the notch.
Furthermore, the fixing part is a convex part which is arranged at the end part of the substrate support body and can be matched with the inner contour of the embedded groove.
Furthermore, the substrate supporting body is a long column, the soft hair bundles are uniformly inserted into two sides of the long column, the soft hair bundles are provided with a plurality of bundles, and the soft hair bundles are arranged at equal intervals.
Further, the distance between adjacent substrate supports is less than the distance between the 2 opposing tufts on the corresponding substrate support.
The invention has the following advantages and positive effects:
the invention provides a silt-free clam worm breeding device which comprises a perching matrix and a perching matrix fixing seat, wherein the perching matrix fixing seat comprises a bottom wall and a side wall arranged around the bottom wall in an enclosing mode, and the bottom wall is detachably provided with the perching matrix for breeding clam worms. The sand-free clam worm breeding device for breeding clam worms can perch the clam worms on the perching matrix for breeding when the clam worms are bred, compared with the prior art, the sand worms do not need to be placed in places such as intertidal zone bottom materials for breeding, and the problems of high labor intensity and high labor cost caused by the fact that the sand soil breeding is completely carried out by manual planting and digging and collecting the clam worms in the prior art are solved; meanwhile, the clamworm is not required to be placed in soil during cultivation, and the inhabiting matrix is only washed by water during harvesting, so that the clamworm is not damaged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a sand-free clam worm breeding apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 at A;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the inhabitation matrix of the sand-free clam worm breeding device of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description,
the invention provides an embodiment of a sand-free clam worm breeding device, which comprises a inhabitation substrate 100 and an inhabitation substrate fixing seat 200, wherein the inhabitation substrate fixing seat 200 comprises a bottom wall 210 and a side wall 220 surrounding the bottom wall 210, preferably, the inhabitation substrate fixing seat 200 in the embodiment is a cuboid, and has the length of more than 1 meter, the depth of 15-20cm and the width of more than 50 cm.
A perching substrate 100 for culturing clamworms is detachably arranged on the bottom wall 210. In the embodiment, the clamworm breeding can be realized by arranging the perching matrix fixing seat 200 and the perching matrix 100, the clamworm can be directly placed on the perching matrix 100 to perch during breeding, a large amount of silt is not required to be adopted for breeding, and the problems of large labor force, large labor amount and high cost caused by silt breeding are effectively avoided; the substrate 100 of perching in this embodiment is detachable setting on the substrate fixing base 200 of perching, when breeding, it can be fixed and use on the substrate fixing base 200 of perching, as the main habitat of clamworm, when gathering the clamworm, the accessible will perch the substrate 100 and dismantle the water and wash the clamworm attached to the substrate 100 of perching, can carry out abundant washing with the clamworm attached to the top, make the clamworm can be washed by thorough, use easy operation is convenient and very swift, and wash the clamworm with the water and can not cause the damage to the clamworm, the clamworm has been protected.
Preferably, the perch mount 200 and the perch 100 of the present embodiment are both plastic members, which can be used for sufficient washing, are not easily worn, and are low in cost.
One embodiment of the habitat substrate 100 and the habitat substrate holder 200 in this embodiment is as follows: the bottom wall 210 is provided with an assembly part for assembling the habitat substrate 100, the habitat substrate 100 includes a substrate support 110 and the soft hair bundles 120 arranged in a height direction of the substrate support 110, and the substrate support 110 is provided with a fixing part 130 adapted to the assembly part.
Further, the assembly portion is an insertion groove 300 formed above the bottom wall, the insertion groove 300 includes a groove body 310 and extension arms 320 extending upward along two side walls of the groove body 310, and a clamping portion for clamping and fixing two sides of the substrate support 110 is formed between 2 opposite extension arms 320. The height of the embedded groove 300 is 1cm, the distance between the notches 330 of the embedded groove 300 is 2mm, and the distance between the two corresponding side arms 311 at the bottom of the embedded groove 300 is 5 mm. Further, the distance between the two side arms 311 of the slot 310 gradually decreases from the bottom end of the slot 310 to the notch 330.
Further, the fixing portion 130 is a protrusion portion that is provided at an end of the substrate support 110 and is adapted to the inner contour of the insertion groove 300. The lower part of the substrate support 110 is provided with a convex part matched with the shape of the embedded groove 300, so that the substrate support 110 can be completely embedded in the embedded groove 300, and the stability of fixing the substrate support 110 is ensured.
The embedded groove 300 in this embodiment forms a triangular groove body, the protruding portion of the substrate support 110 is inserted into the embedded groove 300 during assembly, and the two sides of the protruding portion are clamped by the extension arms 320, so that the substrate support 110 is firmly fixed; firstly, class triangle-like protruding and class triangular inlay groove 300 cooperation structure on the matrix supporter 110 for the cooperation of both is fixed more firmly owing to the principle that triangle-like stability is good, and the clamping part structure that forms through the extension arm 320 of both sides simultaneously can further guarantee that base supporter 110 can not take place to incline or collapse to both sides, has effectually guaranteed the perching of clamworm.
Of course, the embedding groove 300 in the present embodiment may also be formed to be recessed inward on the bottom wall 210, and is not particularly limited herein.
Preferably, the insertion groove 300 is formed along the longitudinal direction of the habitat base 200, and has the same length as the habitat base 200.
Preferably, the substrate support 110 in this embodiment is a long column, which is a plastic member, and the long column may be a square column, a cylinder, etc., and is not limited herein. The soft hair bundles 120 are uniformly inserted into two sides of the long column, a plurality of soft hair bundles 120 are arranged on the soft hair bundles 120 at equal intervals, and the interval between the soft hair bundles is 1mm-8 mm.
Wherein the maximum contour diameter value of the substrate support body 110 is 1-2mm, the length is the same as the length of the inhabitation substrate fixing seat 200, the height is 15-20cm, and the height is not higher than the height of the inhabitation substrate fixing seat 200; the periphery of the substrate support body 110 is vertically inserted with a soft hair bundle 120 made of PE material or is inserted with a certain acute angle, the diameter of the soft hair bundle 120 is 1mm, the soft hair bundle consists of at least 20 soft hairs, wherein the width of the soft hairs is 1mm, the thickness of the soft hairs is 95-100 mu m, and the height of the soft hairs is 25-35 mm; ,
preferably, the spacing between adjacent 2 tufts 120 on the same substrate support 110 is 5-6 mm.
Further, the distance between adjacent substrate supports 110 is less than the distance between the 2 opposing tufts 120 on the corresponding substrate support 110. The device is used for ensuring that the adjacent soft hair bundles 120 on the adjacent substrate supporting bodies 110 can be mutually inserted and matched, so that clamworms can conveniently inhabit and are prevented from falling off.
Preferably, the height of the substrate support 110 is not more than the height of the sidewall of the habitat substrate holder 200, so as to prevent clamworm from climbing out of the habitat substrate holder 200.
Furthermore, in this embodiment, a cover with a plurality of openings may be further provided, the cover is covered on the habitat base 200, the openings may ensure the ventilation of the air in the habitat base 200, and the cover may further prevent clamworms from climbing out.
Further, the habitat substrate fixing base 200 is a rectangular parallelepiped, a cube, a hollow cylinder, or a hollow ellipsoid having an opening, and is not particularly limited herein.
Preferably, the distance between the notches 330 is the same as the distance between the 2 extension arms 320, and the distance between the 2 extension arms 320 is less than the length of the tuft 120.
Another embodiment of the habitat substrate 100 in this example is: a soft hair layer for perching clamworms is inserted on the bottom wall 210. Preferably, the diameter of the soft hair bundle is 1mm, the height is 25-35mm, the line spacing is 8-10mm, each unit is 20 multiplied by 20cm in area, the unit spacing is 12mm, and a plurality of units are uniformly arranged in the culture pond when the soft hair bundle is laid.
Example 1:
the embodiment provides a method for using the sand-free clam worm breeding device in the technical scheme, and the sand-free clam worm breeding device is used for medium-sized silkworm seedlings and comprises the following specific using steps:
(1) assembling: inserting and fixing the habitat 100 and the habitat fixing base 200 to realize the connection and fixation of the habitat 100 and the habitat fixing base 200;
(2) water injection: the assembled silt-free clam worm breeding device is put into a breeding pond, water is added into the breeding pond, the water adding depth is not more than the height of the inhabitation matrix 100, and preferably, the water flow direction in the breeding pond flows along the length direction of the inhabitation matrix fixing seat 200, so that water exchange is facilitated.
(3) throwing clamworms: feeding clam worm seedlings into the sand-free clam worm breeding device, wherein the specifications of the clam worm seedlings are about 0.5g, and feeding and breeding the clam worms;
(4) putting the cultivation site: adding water into the indoor culture pond, putting the clamworm seedlings, stabilizing for 2-3 days, and then hanging the clamworm seedlings on a culture raft frame or fixing the clamworm seedlings on the seabed for culture.
(5, harvesting the clamworms: when the clamworms are harvested, the inhabitation matrix 100 is washed by a water pump, most of attached silt is washed away with water, a 80-mesh screen is used for receiving seawater, and the clamworms washed out by water flow are collected; then, the perching substrate 100 is detached and shaken in the seawater for repeated washing, the clamworms left on the perching substrate 100 are washed out, the washed seawater is filtered by a 80-mesh screen to collect the clamworms, and the harvest is completed.
By adopting the breeding method in the embodiment, the problems of large labor amount and high labor cost caused by sediment breeding are avoided; when the clamworm is cultured, the clamworm can be perched on the perching matrix 100, the sand-free feeding is realized, when the clamworm is harvested, the clamworm 100 is perched through water washing, then the harvesting of the clamworm is realized through the net, the clamworm does not need to be manually dug and taken in the whole process, the damage to the clamworm is effectively avoided, meanwhile, the labor force is reduced, the labor intensity is reduced, and the clam worm harvesting efficiency is improved.
Example 2:
the embodiment provides a method for using the sand-free clam worm breeding device in the technical scheme, and the sand-free clam worm breeding device is used for breeding young silkworms and comprises the following specific using steps:
(1) assembling: assembling the inhabitation substrate 100 into the inhabitation substrate fixing seat 200, and then laying the inhabitation substrate in the nereis culture pond, so that the inhabitation substrate 100 completely covers the nereis culture pond, and the natural seawater is added into the culture pond to immerse the inhabitation substrate;
(2) sea mud extraction and standing: taking sea mud, drying the sea mud at 60 ℃, crushing, and sieving with a 60-mesh sieve; and uniformly spreading the sieved sea mud into a culture pond, uniformly mixing, naturally precipitating to a thickness of 4-6mm, and standing for 5-7 days. In order to facilitate the attachment of young silkworms, sea mud with a certain thickness is laid on the perching substrate 100, so that the growth of the young silkworms is facilitated. Since the perching substrate 100 in this embodiment further includes the soft hair bundle 120, when the young silkworms grow into medium-sized silkworms, the silkworms can crawl and perch on the perching substrate 100 to perch and grow.
(3) young silkworms feeding and breeding: after the sea mud is settled, the seawater in the culture pond is drained, natural seawater is added, the clamworm wheel larvae in the floating stage are put into the culture pond to be naturally attached, and the clamworm wheel larvae are fed for culture.
(4) harvesting the clamworms: when harvesting, firstly washing the inhabitation substrate 100 by a water pump, washing away most of the sea mud attached in the inhabitation substrate 100 with water, receiving seawater by a 80-mesh screen, and collecting the clamworms washed out by water flow; then, the perching substrate 100 is turned upside down in the seawater and shaken for repeated washing, the clamworms left on the perching substrate 100 are washed out, the washed seawater is filtered by a 80-mesh screen to collect the clamworms, and the harvest is completed. By adopting the breeding method in the embodiment, not only can the breeding of young silkworms be realized, but also the young silkworms do not need to be placed in silt for breeding when being bred, and the problems of large labor capacity and high labor cost caused by the breeding by silt are avoided; when the clamworm is bred, can make it adhere to on the sea mud at the young stage, can perch on perching the matrix after growing into the middle-aged size, when results clamworm, mainly perch matrix 100 and lay the sea mud in perching the matrix 100 top through water washing promptly, then realize the results to the clamworm through the net, whole in-process need not artifical manual digging and get the clamworm, the effectual damage of having avoided the clamworm, and simultaneously, the labour has been reduced, the labor intensity is reduced, the efficiency that the clamworm was collected is improved.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides an exempt from clamworm breeding device of silt, its characterized in that, including perching matrix and perching matrix fixing base, perching matrix fixing base includes the diapire and encloses and establish the lateral wall around the diapire detachable is provided with the perching matrix that is used for breeding clamworm on the diapire, the perpendicular diapire of perching matrix sets up, perching matrix is the plastic part, perching matrix is including the matrix supporter and follow the soft tuft that matrix supporter direction of height arranged the setting, the matrix supporter is rectangular post the even cartridge in both sides of rectangular post has soft tuft, soft tuft is provided with the multi-beam, and is equidistant range setting between a plurality of soft tuft, soft tuft diameter 1-2mm, high 25-35mm, interval 1-8 mm.
2. The sand-free clam worm breeding device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bottom wall is provided with an assembling portion for assembling the perching matrix, and the matrix support body is provided with a fixing portion adapted to the assembling portion.
3. The sand-free clam worm breeding device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a soft fur layer for perching the clam worms is inserted on the bottom wall.
4. The sand-free clam worm breeding device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the assembling portion is an embedded groove formed above the bottom wall, the embedded groove comprises a groove body and extending arms extending upwards along two side walls of the groove body, and a clamping portion for clamping and fixing two sides of the substrate support body is formed between 2 oppositely arranged extending arms.
5. The silt-free clam worm breeding device according to claim 4, wherein the distance between the two side arms of the trough body gradually decreases from the bottom end of the trough body to the direction of the notch.
6. The sand-free clam worm breeding device as claimed in claim 4, wherein the fixing portion is a projection portion which is provided at the end of the substrate support body and can be fitted to the inner contour of the embedded groove.
7. The sand-free clam worm breeding device according to claim 6, characterized in that the distance between adjacent substrate supports is smaller than the distance between 2 opposite tufts on the respective substrate support, i.e. 45-65 mm.
8. The use method of the sand-free clam worm breeding device of any one of claims 1 to 7 comprises the following specific steps:
(1) assembling: inserting and fixing the habitat matrix and the habitat matrix fixing seat to realize the connection and fixation of the habitat matrix and the habitat matrix fixing seat;
(2) water injection: putting the assembled silt-free clamworm breeding device into a breeding pond, adding water into the breeding pond, wherein the water adding depth is not more than the height of the inhabitation matrix, and the water flow direction in the breeding pond is longitudinally consistent with that of the matrix fixing base;
(3) throwing clamworms: feeding clam worm seedlings into the sand-free clam worm breeding device, wherein the specifications of the clam worm seedlings are about 0.5g, and feeding and breeding the clam worms;
(4) putting the cultivation site: adding water into the indoor culture pond, putting the clamworm seedlings, stabilizing for 2-3 days, and then hanging the clamworm seedlings on a culture raft frame or fixing the clamworm seedlings on the seabed for culture;
(5, harvesting the clamworms: when the clamworms are harvested, firstly washing the inhabiting matrix by a water pump, washing away most of attached silt with water, receiving seawater by a 80-mesh screen, and collecting the clamworms washed out by water flow; then the perching matrix is detached and shaken in the seawater for repeated washing, the clamworms left on the perching matrix are washed out, the washed seawater is filtered by a 80-mesh screen to collect the clamworms, and the harvest is finished.
9. The use method of the sand-free clam worm breeding device of any one of claims 1 to 7 comprises the following specific steps:
(1) assembling: assembling the inhabitation matrix into the inhabitation matrix fixing seat, and then laying the inhabitation matrix in the nereis culture pond to ensure that the inhabitation matrix completely covers the nereis culture pond, wherein the natural seawater is added into the culture pond to immerse the inhabitation matrix;
(2) sea mud extraction and standing: taking sea mud, drying the sea mud at 60 ℃, crushing, and sieving with a 60-mesh sieve; uniformly spreading the sieved sea mud into a culture pond, uniformly mixing, naturally precipitating to a thickness of 4-6mm, and standing for 5-7 days;
(3) young silkworms feeding and breeding: after the sea mud is settled, draining the seawater in the culture pond, adding natural seawater, putting the clamworm trochophores in the floating stage into the culture pond, enabling the clamworm trochophores to be naturally attached, and feeding for culture;
(4) harvesting the clamworms: when harvesting, firstly washing the inhabitation matrix by a water pump, washing most of the sea mud away with water, receiving seawater by a 80-mesh screen, and collecting the clamworms washed out by water flow; then, the perching matrix is reversely buckled in seawater and shaken for repeated washing, the clamworms left on the perching matrix are washed out, the washed seawater is filtered by a 80-mesh screen to collect the clamworms, and the harvest is finished.
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