CN109079323A - The platform and method that the non-penetration laser weldering of aluminium alloy is strengthened - Google Patents
The platform and method that the non-penetration laser weldering of aluminium alloy is strengthened Download PDFInfo
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- CN109079323A CN109079323A CN201811023152.8A CN201811023152A CN109079323A CN 109079323 A CN109079323 A CN 109079323A CN 201811023152 A CN201811023152 A CN 201811023152A CN 109079323 A CN109079323 A CN 109079323A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/60—Preliminary treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment
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Abstract
The platform and method strengthened the invention discloses a kind of non-penetration laser weldering of aluminium alloy, first mechanical arm, second mechanical arm carry first laser head, second laser head respectively, process chamber respectively connected water inlet pipe and outlet pipe, and the welding plate of docking carries out Set and Positioning by the fixture of inner treatment chamber；Water inlet pipe is connected to water pump；Amplitude transformer is fixed on processing chamber interior walls, and the work head of amplitude transformer is located under preset upper limit water level；One of blind way is opened up at the center of welding plate docking end face before welding, the speed that keyhole antetheca metallic solution flows downward when welding is effectively reduced prevents welding plate back from being burnt or being formed full penetration weldering；Laser-impact processing is carried out after welding, can effective refining aluminum alloy laser weld joint surface layer grain, improve joint mechanical property.In addition, laser welding and laser impact technology are blended in a platform by the present invention, laser-impact processing is carried out after weld job, avoids the secondary positioning and clamping of workpiece, improves production efficiency and automatization level.
Description
Technical field
The platform strengthened the present invention relates to welding technology field more particularly to a kind of non-penetration laser weldering of aluminium alloy and side
Method.
Background technique
Laser welding technology is widely used in because of the advantages that its power density is big, heat affected area is small, welding seam deep width ratio is big
In the industries such as track vehicle manufacture, aerospace parts manufacture.China railways vehicle is located at world forefront, becomes China one
Main exit product, the requirement of current China Railway still insistent combination user, to raw material and manufacture work
Skill is rigid in checking up.In order to make bullet train constantly raise speed, a kind of effective approach is exactly lightweight.Aluminium alloy extrusions is with it
Density is small, corrosion resistance is good, there is the oxide film protection of compact and firm, extrusion performance to be well widely applied in railcar on surface
Manufacture and other various fields in.
The welding of aluminum alloy materials is the important technology in rolling stock manufacture and other field.To guarantee box house member
The working environment of device, the reinforcing rib outside cabinet are generally welded using non-penetration, in addition in the manufacture of vehicle shell, in order to guarantee appearance
Beauty also requires coverboard to carry out non-penetration welding.Compared to full penetration laser welding, the non-penetration laser of aluminium alloy welds welding parameters
Variation is more sensitive, and the slight change of technological parameter is easy to cause the defects of connector is unbonded, back is burnt.
Retrieval discovery, a kind of patent " device of the non-penetration weld of laser " (application number: the handle described in 201520134200.6)
Welding plate is placed on the workbench with cooling water, can be effectively improved the temperature distortion problem of lower layer's plate in non-penetration weld,
But the oxidation stain at lower layer's plate back side is failed to have effect." a kind of non-penetration laser welding equipment is welded patent
The method connect " (application number: real-time by the way that infrared temperature sensor-based system is arranged at weld seam back described in 201410242022.9)
Back temperature is captured, can be adjusted in real time, but the difficulty of hunting gear is arranged in butt welding backboard portion's sensor in industry spot
Increase, technique and device are complex.
Laser-impact processing is a kind of modified and reinforced technology in surface, is absorbed using the absorbed layer for being covered on metal material surface
High-amplitude laser energy direct gasification forms high field shock compressive wave, and acts on metal material surface, can make metal watch layer crystal
Grain refinement or nanosizing, compression surface layer grain, domestic scholars Luo new people et al. are " laser impact intensified to 2A02 aluminium in journal article
The influence of alloy fatigue behavior " (Chinese laser, 2009,36 (12): 3323-3328) and it is green come et al. in journal article " gold
Belong to Sheet Metal by Laser Shock forming and its fracture behaviour research " (Chinese laser, 2014,41 (4): experiment shows to swash in 0403010)
Light impact is conducive to improve Fatigue Strength of Metal, and " laser-impact is to stainless steel welded structure shadow in journal article by Yin Sumin et al.
Loud numerical analysis " (Chinese laser, 2013,40 (5): experiment shows that laser-impact can make steel welding connector in 0503005)
Fatigue behaviour be improved significantly.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to propose the platform and method of a kind of non-penetration laser weldering reinforcing of aluminium alloy, to form aluminium conjunction
Gold forms good non-penetration connector, while refining aluminum alloy laser weld joint surface layer grain, improves joint mechanical property, hard
Degree and corrosion resistance, and laser welding and laser impact technology are blended in a platform, avoid the secondary positioning of workpiece
Clamping improves production efficiency.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention: a kind of platform and method of the non-penetration laser weldering reinforcing of aluminium alloy, including the
Module, second laser head, first laser head, control mould occur for one mechanical arm, second mechanical arm, substrate, processing room module, ultrasound
Block, first laser device, second laser；First mechanical arm is set on the substrate, second mechanical arm, processing room module, is surpassed
Module occurs for sound；First laser head and protection gas jets are carried above first mechanical arm, are carried second above second mechanical arm and are swashed
Shaven head, first laser head are connected with first laser device by optical fiber, and second laser head is connect with second laser by optical fiber；?
Processing chamber interior walls are additionally provided with water level sensor, are preset with bound water level, amplitude transformer work head is located at the preset upper limit
Under water level.
The processing room module includes process chamber, water inlet pipe, outlet pipe, water pump, welding plate, fixture；Specific structure is:
Inlet and outlet are arranged in process chamber, respectively connected water inlet pipe and outlet pipe, water inlet pipe is connected to water pump, the welding plate of docking
Fixture by being located at inner treatment chamber carries out Set and Positioning.
The control module includes controller, first laser device, second laser, first mechanical arm, the second machinery
Arm, chilled water system, protection gas system, water pump, ultrasonic transmitter；Specific connection is: controller respectively with first laser device, second
Laser, first mechanical arm, second mechanical arm, chilled water system, protection gas system, water pump, ultrasonic transmitter connection.
It includes amplitude transformer, ultrasonic generator that module, which occurs, for the ultrasound；Specific connection is that amplitude transformer and ultrasound occur
Device is connected, and amplitude transformer is fixed on processing chamber interior walls.
Before welding, one of blind way is opened up at the center of welding plate butt-joint clearance end face.
The first laser device uses Nd:YAG solid state laser, CO2Laser, disc type laser device or semiconductor laser
Any one in device；Second laser uses Nd:YAG solid state laser.
The work step of this platform are as follows:
After 1. aluminium alloy panels are carried out acetone cleaning before weldering, by welding plate clamping on handling indoor fixture.
2. first mechanical arm makes first laser head reach working region, first laser device goes out light, in the drive of first mechanical arm
Non- penetration welding is carried out to welding plate in protection gas atmosphere under dynamic.First mechanical arm resets to non-active area after welding.
3. after weld seam is cooling, water inlet tube of intaking, after the water surface reaches preset upper limit water level, ultrasonic generator work, butt welding
Ultrasonic cleaning is carried out in plate and process chamber.After cleaning, ultrasonic generator stops working.
4. outlet pipe is discharged, manually viscous to welding plate upper surface weld seam near zone when interior water level to be processed is lower than welding plate
Paste one layer of black belt.
5. after the water surface reaches lower limit water level, second of water inlet of water inlet pipe, after the water surface reaches preset upper limit water level, the second machine
Tool arm makes second laser head reach working region, and second laser goes out light, swashs under the driving of second mechanical arm to weld seam
Light shock treatment.Laser-impact after treatment second mechanical arm resets to non-active area.
6. outlet pipe is discharged, manually welding plate is removed.
The present invention all in all, the invention has the benefit that
1. opening up one of blind way at the center of welding plate docking end face before present invention welding, spoon when can be effectively reduced welding
The speed that flows downward of hole antetheca metallic solution prevents welding plate back from being burnt or being formed full penetration weldering.
2. the method that the present invention opens up blind way needs molten metal volume, required laser power when can reduce docking
It substantially reduces, saves cost.
It, being capable of effective refining aluminum alloy laser weld joint surface layer crystalline substance 3. the present invention carries out laser-impact processing after welding
Grain improves joint mechanical property, hardness and corrosion resistance.
4. laser welding and laser impact technology are blended in a platform by the present invention, laser-impact is carried out after weld job
Processing, avoids the secondary positioning and clamping of workpiece, production efficiency and automatization level greatly improve.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the device figure of laser soldering process of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the device figure that laser-impact of the invention is handled；
Fig. 3 is control system block diagram of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the welding plate axonometric drawing for opening up blind way of the invention；
Fig. 5 is the welding plate sectional view for opening up blind way of the invention；
Schematic diagram when Fig. 6 is the welding plate welding for opening up blind way of the invention.
Label declaration: 1. first mechanical arms, 2. second mechanical arms, 3. substrates, 4. process chambers, 5. fixtures, 6. water inlet pipes, 7.
Outlet pipe, 8. welding plates, 9. amplitude transformers, 10. ultrasonic generators, 11. second laser heads, 12. first laser heads, 13. controllers,
14. first laser device, 15. second lasers, 16. chilled water systems, 17. protection gas systems, 18. water pumps, 19. keyhole antetheca metals
Solution, 20. protection gas jets, 21. laser beams, 22. blind ways, 23. butt-joint clearances, 24. molten baths, 25. resolidified regions, 26. keyholes,
27. metallic solution in blind way.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the attached drawing in inventive embodiments, technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Ground description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on this
Embodiment in invention, every other reality obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts
Example is applied, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, 3, including first mechanical arm (1), second mechanical arm (2), substrate (3), processing room module, ultrasound
Module, second laser head (11), first laser head (12), control module, first laser device (14), second laser occurs
(15)；First mechanical arm (1), second mechanical arm (2), processing room module, ultrasound generation module are set on the substrate (3)；
First mechanical arm (1) carries first laser head (12) and protection gas jets (20) above, and second mechanical arm (2) carries second above
Laser head (11), first laser head (12) are connected with first laser device (14) by optical fiber, and second laser head (11) swashs with second
Light device (15) is connected by optical fiber；In process chamber (4), inner wall is additionally provided with water level sensor, is preset with bound water level,
Water level sensor perceives the real-time water surface；Amplitude transformer (9) work head is located under preset upper limit water level；Amplitude transformer
(9) it is used in welding plate (8) and process chamber (4) to postwelding be cleaned by ultrasonic, it is therefore an objective to the dust that will be generated in welding process
And the partial impurities of face of weld are purged.
The processing room module includes, process chamber (4), water inlet pipe (6), outlet pipe (7), water pump (18), welding plate (8),
Fixture (5)；Specific structure is: inlet and outlet are arranged in process chamber (4), respectively connected water inlet pipe (6) and outlet pipe
(7), water inlet pipe (6) is connected to water pump (18), can supply water to process chamber (4), and the welding plate (8) of docking is by being located at process chamber
(4) internal fixture (5) carries out Set and Positioning.
The control module includes controller (13), first laser device (14), second laser (15), the first machinery
Arm (1), second mechanical arm (2), chilled water system (16), protection gas system (17), water pump (18), ultrasonic transmitter (10)；Specifically
Connection is: controller (13) respectively with first laser device (14), second laser (15), first mechanical arm (1), second mechanical arm
(2), chilled water system (16), protection gas system (17), water pump (18), ultrasonic transmitter (10), controller (13) is respectively to first
Laser (14), second laser (15), first mechanical arm (1), second mechanical arm (2), chilled water system (16), protection gas system
(17), the work start and stop of water pump (18), ultrasonic transmitter (10) are controlled, and can be industrial personal computer, PLC etc..
It includes amplitude transformer (9), ultrasonic generator (10) that module, which occurs, for the ultrasound；Specific connection is amplitude transformer (9)
It is connected with ultrasonic generator (10), amplitude transformer (9) is fixed on process chamber (4) inner wall.
The first laser device uses Nd:YAG solid state laser, CO2Laser, disc type laser device or semiconductor laser
Any one in device；Second laser uses Nd:YAG solid state laser.
The work step of this platform are as follows:
After 1. aluminium alloy welding plate (8) are carried out acetone cleaning before weldering, by fixture of welding plate (8) clamping in process chamber (4)
(5) on.
2. first mechanical arm (1) makes first laser head (12) to reach working region, first laser device (14) goes out light, first
Non- penetration welding is being carried out to welding plate (8) under the driving of mechanical arm (1), while gas jets (20) being protected to apply argon gas protection.Weldering
First mechanical arm (1) resets to non-active area after connecing.
3. after weld seam is cooling, water inlet pipe (6) water inlet, after the water surface reaches preset upper limit water level, ultrasonic generator (10) work
Make, to progress ultrasonic cleaning in welding plate (8) and process chamber (4).After cleaning, ultrasonic generator (10) stops working.
4. outlet pipe (7) is discharged, when the interior water level of room (4) to be processed is lower than welding plate (8), manually welding plate (8) upper surface is welded
It stitches near zone and pastes one layer of black belt.
5. after the water surface reaches lower limit water level, second of water inlet of water inlet pipe (6), after the water surface reaches preset upper limit water level, the
Two mechanical arms (2) make second laser head (11) to reach working region, and second laser (15) goes out light, in second mechanical arm (2)
Laser-impact processing is carried out to welded seam area under driving.Laser-impact after treatment second mechanical arm (2) resets to inoperative
Region.
6. outlet pipe (7) is discharged, manually welding plate (8) is removed.
Root is it was found that causing a major reason of the burn-through at welding plate back or full penetration phenomenon in non-penetration weld is welding
When the percussion of metal liquid that flows downward of keyhole antetheca high speed so that welding plate lower half portion becomes weak area and is easy
It is breakdown, and going out the method for opening up blind way in end face just can be drained to keyhole antetheca metal liquid part in blind way, effectively drop
The speed that keyhole antetheca metallic solution flows downward when low welding prevents welding plate back from being burnt or being formed full penetration weldering.
As shown in Figure 4,5, 6, before welding, one of blind way is opened up at the center of welding plate (8) butt-joint clearance (23) end face
(22), keyhole antetheca metal liquid (19) can be partially drained in blind way (22), forms metallic solution (27) in blind way, effectively
The speed that keyhole antetheca metallic solution (19) flows downward when reducing welding, prevents welding plate back from being burnt or being formed full penetration
Weldering.
The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for those skilled in the art
For, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also considered as
Protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of platform that the non-penetration laser weldering of aluminium alloy is strengthened, it is characterised in that: including first mechanical arm (1), the second machinery
Arm (2), substrate (3), processing room module, ultrasound occur module, second laser head (11), first laser head (12), control module,
First laser device (14), second laser (15)；On the substrate (3) be arranged first mechanical arm (1), second mechanical arm (2),
Handle room module, module occurs for ultrasound；First mechanical arm (1) carries first laser head (12) and protection gas jets (20) above,
Second mechanical arm (2) carries second laser head (11) above, and first laser head (12) passes through optical fiber phase with first laser device (14)
Even, second laser head (11) is connect with second laser (15) by optical fiber；In process chamber (4), inner wall is additionally provided with level sensor
Device, is preset with bound water level, and amplitude transformer (9) work head is located under preset upper limit water level.
2. the platform that the non-penetration laser weldering of a kind of aluminium alloy according to claim 1 is strengthened, it is characterised in that: the place
Managing room module includes process chamber (4), water inlet pipe (6), outlet pipe (7), water pump (18), welding plate (8), fixture (5)；Specific structure
Be: inlet and outlet are arranged in process chamber (4), respectively connected water inlet pipe (6) and outlet pipe (7), water inlet pipe (6) is connected to
Water pump (18), the welding plate (8) of docking carry out Set and Positioning by being located at process chamber (4) internal fixture (5).
3. the platform that the non-penetration laser weldering of a kind of aluminium alloy according to claim 1 is strengthened, it is characterised in that: the control
Molding block includes controller (13), first laser device (14), second laser (15), first mechanical arm (1), second mechanical arm
(2), chilled water system (16), protection gas system (17), water pump (18), ultrasonic transmitter (10)；Specific connection is: controller (13)
Respectively with first laser device (14), second laser (15), first mechanical arm (1), second mechanical arm (2), chilled water system (16),
Protect gas system (17), water pump (18), ultrasonic transmitter (10) connection.
4. the platform that the non-penetration laser weldering of a kind of aluminium alloy according to claim 1 is strengthened, it is characterised in that: described is super
It includes amplitude transformer (9), ultrasonic generator (10) that module, which occurs, for sound；Specific connection is amplitude transformer (9) and ultrasonic generator (10)
It is connected, amplitude transformer (9) is fixed on process chamber (4) inner wall.
5. the method for the platform that the non-penetration laser weldering of a kind of aluminium alloy according to claim 1 to 4 is strengthened, feature
It is: the work step of this platform are as follows:
The first step, after aluminium alloy panels are carried out acetone cleaning before weldering, as fixture of welding plate (8) clamping in process chamber (4)
(5) on；
Second step, first mechanical arm (1) make first laser head (12) to reach working region, and first laser device (14) goes out light, the
Non- penetration welding, first mechanical arm after welding are carried out to welding plate (8) in protection gas atmosphere under the driving of one mechanical arm (1)
(1) non-active area is reset to；
Third step, after weld seam is cooling, water inlet pipe (6) water inlet, after the water surface reaches preset upper limit water level, ultrasonic generator (10) work
Make, to ultrasonic cleaning is carried out in welding plate (8) and process chamber (4), after cleaning, ultrasonic generator (10) stops working；
4th step, outlet pipe (7) water outlet when the interior water level of room (4) to be processed is lower than welding plate (8), manually weld welding plate (8) upper surface
It stitches near zone and pastes one layer of black belt；
5th step, after the water surface reaches lower limit water level, second of water inlet of water inlet pipe (6), after the water surface reaches preset upper limit water level, the
Two mechanical arms (2) make second laser head (11) to reach working region, and second laser (15) goes out light, in second mechanical arm (2)
Laser-impact processing is carried out to weld seam under driving, laser-impact after treatment second mechanical arm resets to non-active area；
6th step, outlet pipe (7) water outlet, manually removes welding plate (8).
6. the method for the platform that the non-penetration laser weldering of a kind of aluminium alloy according to claim 5 is strengthened, it is characterised in that: weldering
Before connecing, one of blind way (22) are opened up at the center of welding plate (8) butt-joint clearance end face.
7. the platform that a kind of non-penetration laser weldering of aluminium alloy according to claim 1 is strengthened, it is characterised in that: described the
One laser (14) uses Nd:YAG solid state laser, CO2It is any one in laser, disc type laser device or semiconductor laser
Kind；Second laser (15) uses Nd:YAG solid state laser.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811023152.8A CN109079323B (en) | 2018-09-03 | 2018-09-03 | Platform and method for strengthening aluminum alloy by non-penetration laser welding |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811023152.8A CN109079323B (en) | 2018-09-03 | 2018-09-03 | Platform and method for strengthening aluminum alloy by non-penetration laser welding |
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| CN109079323B CN109079323B (en) | 2023-07-25 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110539078A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-12-06 | 北京航星机器制造有限公司 | 5A06/ZL114A dissimilar aluminum alloy part butt joint laser swing welding method |
| CN112059530A (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2020-12-11 | 南昌航空大学 | Device and method for repairing reinforced steel-based surface composite structure or steel-based surface |
| WO2024032054A1 (en) * | 2022-08-08 | 2024-02-15 | 深圳信息职业技术学院 | Multi-axis linkage laser superfinishing method and device |
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| CN103627856A (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2014-03-12 | 江苏大学 | Device and method for carrying out laser strengthening on LED (Light Emitting Diode) headlamp mould |
| CN103817439A (en) * | 2014-03-13 | 2014-05-28 | 机械科学研究院哈尔滨焊接研究所 | Prefabricated welding material laser welding method capable of obviously improving joint tissue and stress state |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110539078A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-12-06 | 北京航星机器制造有限公司 | 5A06/ZL114A dissimilar aluminum alloy part butt joint laser swing welding method |
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| CN112059530B (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2021-09-03 | 南昌航空大学 | Device and method for repairing reinforced steel-based surface composite structure or steel-based surface |
| WO2024032054A1 (en) * | 2022-08-08 | 2024-02-15 | 深圳信息职业技术学院 | Multi-axis linkage laser superfinishing method and device |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN109079323B (en) | 2023-07-25 |
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