Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a garbage screening device for overcoming the defects in the prior art.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a garbage screening device comprises a shell, wherein a blanking hopper is arranged above the shell, a ventilation pipe is arranged on one side surface of the shell, a fan is arranged in the ventilation pipe, a plurality of outlets which are axially arranged along the ventilation pipe are arranged below the shell, a metal screening device is arranged in the shell, and the metal screening device comprises a conveying belt and an electromagnet;
openings are formed above the blanking hopper and the shell, the conveyor belt is arranged at the openings and comprises three rollers, namely a first roller, a second roller and a third roller, and a triangle is formed among the three rollers; the first roller and the second roller are positioned at the opening of the blanking hopper, the second roller and the third roller are positioned at the opening on the shell, and the third roller is positioned outside the shell;
the electromagnet is provided with a pair of conductive contact pieces, a conductive groove is arranged between the first roller and the third roller and is communicated with the second roller, the conductive groove is arranged in parallel with the conveying belt, the conductive groove is provided with two conductive bars which are respectively connected with a power supply, and the conductive contact pieces on the electromagnet are contacted with the conductive bars;
and a stirring paddle is arranged in the blanking hopper and is positioned above the blanking port of the blanking hopper.
The shell is provided with a ventilation net, and the ventilation net is arranged on one side opposite to the ventilation pipe.
The included angle of the conveyor belt in the blanking hopper and the vertical direction is 30 degrees.
The discharging hopper and the ventilating pipe are arranged at the same end of the shell.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the metal screening device comprises a conveying belt with an electromagnet, wherein the conveying belt is arranged along the side wall of a lower hopper and extends from the inside of a shell to the outside of the shell, and conductive grooves for electrifying the electromagnet are formed in the lower hopper and the inside of the shell, so that when the conveying belt moves, a conductive contact piece of the electromagnet is in contact with the conductive grooves and electrified, the electromagnet has magnetism, metal waste in the lower hopper is adsorbed out, when the conveying belt is conveyed to the outside of the shell, the conductive contact piece falls off the conductive grooves, the electromagnet loses the magnetism, the metal waste falls off from the conveying belt, and the purpose of screening and recycling the metal waste is achieved.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The domestic garbage includes various wastes, such as fruit stones, fruit peels, rotten vegetable leaves, plastic bottles, waste newspapers, packing boxes, iron nails, screw caps and the like. In order to fully utilize resources, available wastes in the garbage are generally recycled before the garbage enters the garbage station, but small metal wastes mixed in the garbage are difficult to find and recycle. In order to better recycle ferromagnetic waste in garbage, the invention designs a garbage screening device as shown in fig. 1, which comprises a shell 13, wherein a blanking hopper 1 is arranged above the shell 13, a vent pipe 14 is arranged on one side surface of the shell 13, a fan 15 is arranged in the vent pipe 14, a plurality of outlets which are axially arranged along the vent pipe 14 are arranged below the shell 13, the outlets comprise a first outlet 11, a second outlet 10 and a third outlet 9, and the first outlet 11, the second outlet 10 and the third outlet 9 are sequentially arranged from the vent pipe 14 to the other side of the shell 13. A partition plate 12 is arranged between the first outlet 11 and the second outlet 10, and between the second outlet 10 and the third outlet 9. The fan 15 blows air into the shell 13, and the rubbish that falls from the blanking port 16 of the lower hopper 1 is blown away by wind, and the resistance of the rubbish of different densities when falling is different, and if the core, brick and stone fall faster, the distance that is blown is closer, and the plastic bag and newspaper fall resistance is greater, and it is far away to be blown, consequently can sieve out different rubbish. Falling from the different outlets, the stones, bricks, stones, etc. come out from the first outlet 11, close to the lower part of the blanking opening 16, the newspapers, plastic bags come out from the third outlet 9, and between them, come out from the second outlet 10. Thereby facilitating screening and classification, recycling or discarding and burying and the like according to needs.
In order to screen out the metal objects in the waste, as shown in fig. 1, a metal screening device is arranged in the housing 13, and the metal screening device comprises a conveyor belt 3 and an electromagnet 4.
The metal screening device is arranged between the shell 13 and the blanking hopper 1, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, an opening 5 is arranged above the blanking hopper 1 and the shell 13, the conveyor belt 3 is arranged at the opening 5, the conveyor belt 3 comprises three rollers which are a first roller 201, a second roller 202 and a third roller 203 respectively, a triangle is formed among the three rollers, the three rollers position the conveyor belt 3 and drive the conveyor belt 3 to run, and the conveyor belt 3 rotates downwards from the upper part of the blanking hopper 1; the first roller 201 and the second roller 202 are positioned at the opening of the blanking hopper 1, the second roller 202 and the third roller 203 are positioned at the opening of the shell 13, and the third roller 203 is positioned outside the shell 13; when the conveyor 3 is operated in a circulating manner, the metal substances in the garbage falling from the garbage in the hopper 1 are adsorbed and then carried out from the inside of the housing 13.
When the conveyor belt 3 runs and the metal objects are adsorbed by the electromagnet 4, the adsorbed metal objects need to be collected for recycling. For this purpose, the electromagnet 4 needs to be controlled to be energized for an operating interval. The electromagnet 4 adsorbs the metal object when energized and releases the metal object when de-energized. As shown in fig. 2, a pair of conductive contacts 401 are provided on the electromagnet 4, a conductive groove 18 is provided between the first roller 201 and the third roller 203, the conductive groove 18 passes through the second roller 202, the conductive groove 18 is arranged in parallel with the conveyor belt 3, and the conductive groove 18 is arranged in the blanking hopper 1 and the housing 13, so that the electromagnet 4 passes through the inner side of the blanking hopper 1 and the housing 13 and is in a power-on state, and the electromagnet 4 is ensured to adsorb metal objects in the interval.
In order to control the electromagnet 4 to be powered on and off conveniently, as shown in fig. 3, two conductive strips 1801 connected to a power supply respectively are disposed on the conductive slot 18, and the conductive contact 401 on the electromagnet 4 is in contact with the conductive strips 1801; when the electromagnet 4 runs along with the conveyor belt 3 and moves to the conductive groove 18 above the lower hopper 1, the electromagnet can be electrified to generate magnetism, so that metal objects are adsorbed, the conductive contact piece 401 is always in contact with the conductive groove 18, and the metal objects are kept in an adsorption state. When the conductive contact piece 401 comes out of the housing 13 along with the electromagnet 4, the conductive contact piece 491 is separated from the conductive groove 18, the electromagnet 4 loses magnetism after being powered off, and metal objects fall into the collecting box 7 below. The operation is repeated and circulated in the way.
After the garbage is poured into the discharging hopper 1, the garbage is extruded in the transportation process and is easily hardened together due to moisture contained in the garbage, so that the electromagnet 4 is difficult to screen out metal objects. In order to improve the screening effect and reduce the metal leakage, a stirring paddle 17 is arranged in the blanking hopper 1, and the stirring paddle 17 is positioned above the blanking port 16 of the blanking hopper 1. After the garbage is poured, the stirring paddle 17 stirs the garbage to loosen the garbage, so that the garbage is convenient to sieve and adsorb metal substances.
When the fan 15 blows air from the ventilation pipe 14, in order to better ensure that the air flows along the blowing direction of the fan 15, as shown in fig. 1, a ventilation net 6 is arranged on the shell 13, the ventilation net 6 is arranged on the side opposite to the ventilation pipe 14, so that the air can flow along a straight line as much as possible, and plastic bags, newspapers and the like are brought to the third outlet 9.
In order to ensure smooth feeding of the garbage and ensure that metal objects in the garbage can be adsorbed, the inclined direction of the conveyor belt 3 in the blanking hopper 1 is required, and the included angle between the conveyor belt 3 in the blanking hopper 1 and the vertical direction is 30 degrees.
In order to save the space of the garbage screening device and reduce the volume of the garbage screening device, the discharging hopper 1 and the ventilation pipe 14 are arranged at the same end of the shell 13, so that the length of the shell 13 along the direction of the ventilation pipe 14 can be shortened on the premise of ensuring the screening effect.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.