CN109073701B - Vibration diagnosis method without disassembling transformer - Google Patents
Vibration diagnosis method without disassembling transformer Download PDFInfo
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- CN109073701B CN109073701B CN201780024049.2A CN201780024049A CN109073701B CN 109073701 B CN109073701 B CN 109073701B CN 201780024049 A CN201780024049 A CN 201780024049A CN 109073701 B CN109073701 B CN 109073701B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
- G01R31/62—Testing of transformers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
- G01R31/72—Testing of electric windings
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Testing Of Short-Circuits, Discontinuities, Leakage, Or Incorrect Line Connections (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to transformer testing, and more particularly to periodic testing of winding hold-down force integrity during use to verify whether a transformer maintains electrodynamic stability against short circuit currents. The peak frequency at which the electromotive force Power Spectral Density (PSD) is measured is determined by applying a mechanical impulse action to the transformer and measuring the electromotive force EMF induced in its phase windings. The peak frequencies of the Power Spectral Density (PSD) in the transformer phase windings are then compared, the minimum and maximum frequencies thereof are determined and their ratio is calculated. If this ratio is less than the threshold, the transformer should be taken out of service. When the ratio is other values, the diagnosis is continued: if the Power Spectral Density (PSD) minimum peak frequency exceeds a boundary value, the transformer is left in service. The threshold value and boundary value of the Soxhlet are selected according to the design reserve capacity of the short-circuit current, the threshold value can be selected within the range of (0.5-0.6), and the boundary value should be within
In the formula, F is the initial value of the pressing force of the transformer winding (the factory specified value is N), and alpha is the constant of the type of transformer (the unit is N/Hz)4). The effect is as follows: the operational reliability of the diagnosed transformer is improved, the repair costs for extending its service life are optimized, and the mean time for evaluating its technical condition is shortened.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of power transformer detection, in particular to a vibration diagnosis method without disassembling a transformer.
Background
The winding pressing force of the power transformer is gradually reduced from an initial value (factory value, namely a value which can ensure the stability of the electrodynamic force under the calculated value of short-circuit current (KEXI), namely a value which can ensure the stability of the electrodynamic force under the maximum allowable value of the current) to a current value (residual value, namely a value which can still ensure the stability of the electrodynamic force because a short-circuit current (KEXI) reserve coefficient is adopted when a power grid is designed) in the use process. The reserve factor of the short-circuit current (KEZ) is the ratio of the maximum allowable short-circuit current (KEZ) of the type of transformer to the set short-circuit current (KEZ) in the design of the power grid. Therefore, the compactness of the winding pressing force of the transformer should be periodically evaluated during the use process of the transformer to ensure the electrodynamic stability of the transformer to the design value of the short-circuit current (Kobax).
The feasibility study of diagnosing the pressing force of the winding according to vibration characteristics, published by petrieschiff, sultanov, esotropif et al in "power station", 1995, N8, 32-37, proposes a vibration detection method of the pressing force of the winding of a transformer, which is based on the principle of evaluating the pressing force according to the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the vibration response of the transformer structure to the mechanical impulse action, but this method requires the bus to be disconnected, and the transformer to be disassembled and reassembled.
Another method for evaluating the pressing force of the transformer winding is to apply mechanical impulse action to the transformer structure, measure the electromotive force EMP induced in its phase winding and determine the peak frequency [ RU 2117955] at which the power spectral density of the electromotive force EMP is measured, but this method lacks certain criteria in order to determine the tested transformer as acceptable (can continue to be in service) and unacceptable (needs maintenance), and therefore the method has a low reliability in the evaluation of the technical condition of the pressing force of the transformer winding being diagnosed. If a transformer with too low winding pressing force is continuously used, the transformer is damaged when short-circuit current (Kelly) occurs in a power supply grid; if the transformer suitable for service is sent to maintenance, the maintenance cost and the operation expense are increased.
Disclosure of Invention
To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a vibration diagnosis method without disassembling a transformer, which can improve the reliability of the use of the diagnosed transformer, optimize the maintenance expenditure for prolonging the service period, and simultaneously shorten the average time for evaluating the technical condition of the transformer.
The invention relates to a vibration diagnosis method without disassembling a transformer, which adopts the following technical scheme: applying mechanical pulse action to a transformer structure, measuring electromotive force EMF induced and generated in a phase winding of the transformer structure, measuring the peak frequency of power spectrum density (SMP) of the electromotive force EMF, determining the minimum frequency and the maximum frequency of the electromotive force EMF according to the peak frequency, calculating the proportion of the minimum frequency and the maximum frequency, and leaving the transformer out of service if the calculated proportion is smaller than a set threshold value; and if the calculated ratio is not less than a set threshold value, continuously judging whether the minimum peak frequency of the power spectrum density (SMP) exceeds a set boundary value, and if so, judging that the detected transformer can be continuously used.
Preferably, the threshold value and the limit value are selected according to a short-circuit current reserve factor.
Preferably, in any of the above schemes, the threshold is selected within a range of 0.5-0.6.
Any of the above embodiments is preferably, soThe boundary value is
In the formula, F is the initial value of the pressing force of the transformer winding (the factory specified value is N), and alpha is the constant of the type of transformer (the unit is N/Hz)4)。
Detailed Description
The following description is merely exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the present disclosure, application, or uses. The following further describes a specific embodiment of the vibration diagnosis method of the present invention without disassembling the transformer.
The method comprises the steps of applying a pulse mechanical action to a tested transformer structure, such as striking the tested transformer, measuring electromotive force EMF induced by a phase winding of the tested transformer structure under the mechanical action, and determining the electromotive force EMF power spectral density (peak frequency of PSD, a specific method is described in [ RU 2117955], and specific description is not provided in the application document.
The power spectral densities (PSD peak frequencies fmax) of each phase of the transformer winding are compared with each other, and the power spectral densities (PSD minimum (fmax) mmax and maximum (fmax) nmax) frequencies induced in the m-phase and n-phase windings, respectively, are determined, and the ratio (fmax) m/(fmax) n is calculated, since the i-phase peak frequency fmax depends directly on the value of the compression force in the i-winding, the ratio (fmax) m/(fmax) n can represent the degree of imbalance in the reduction of the compression force of the windings of the phases during use of the transformer, which is close to 1 for new transformers that have not been used yet and for transformers that have been subjected to maintenance adjustments of the compression force of the windings.
First, in a first phase, it is evaluated whether the tested transformer is suitable for further use according to the ratio (fmax) m/(fmax) n. And if the ratio is lower than the threshold value selected in the range of (0.5-0.6), judging that the transformer is not suitable for being used continuously. Setting the threshold value of the ratio of (fmax) m/(fmax) n within the range of (0.5-0.6) can ensure that even under the maximum reserve coefficient of the short-circuit current (KEZX), the m-i phase winding can not be loosened due to the reduction of residual compression force. The demonstration process for determining the threshold selection range is as follows:
in the design of the power grid, the adopted short-circuit current (KEZ) is 30-50% of the maximum allowable short-circuit current (KZ) of the transformer, namely the reserve coefficient of the short-circuit current (KEZ) is between 2 and 3.3. In order to ensure the stability of the electrodynamic forces, the initial pressing force of each phase winding of the transformer should not be lower than the force acting on the winding at the maximum allowable short-circuit current (kex). According to the ampere law, the acting force applied to the winding and the current of the winding are in a square relation, and the corresponding reserve coefficient of the pressing force reserved in the manufacturing process of the transformer is between 4 and 10.89. Considering that the ratio between the pressing force F and the frequency fmax is known as F ═ α x (fmax)4(where α is a constant of said type of transformer, obtained empirically), the ratio (fmax) m/(fmax) n, equivalent to the magnitude, corresponding to the maximum reserve of compressive force can be determined
If the actual ratio of (fmax) m/(fmax) n does not reach this value, the residual compressive force of the m-i phase winding is significantly insufficient to ensure the electrodynamic force stability at the designed value of the short-circuit current (kobule), even at the maximum reserve coefficient of the short-circuit current (kobule) (the designed short-circuit current (kobule) does not exceed 30% of the maximum allowable value). This selected range (0.5-0.6) helps to define a threshold value that is sufficiently accurate for practical use.
For the transformer that was not determined to be defective in the first stage, the pressing force of the m-i phase winding (and other windings) was subjected to the compactness check at the minimum reserve factor of the short-circuit current (kex), which is 50% of the maximum allowable value of the design short-circuit current (kex), while considering that the initial pressing force F specified in the factory in the manufacture of the transformer can secure the electrodynamic stability at the maximum allowable (calculated) short-circuit current (kex).
The above-described study of the short-circuit current (pebax), the pressing force F and the power spectral density (the correlation between PSD peak frequencies gives (fmax) m boundary values:
exceeding this boundary value can ensure the minimum design reserve of the tested transformer in short circuit currentElectrodynamic stability at a factor.
This range helps to specify boundary values that are sufficiently accurate for practice.
The invention has the advantages that the standard which is really based is introduced, the tested transformer is divided into qualified products and unqualified products which are not suitable for further use, thereby improving the use reliability of the diagnosed transformer, avoiding unnecessary maintenance work, and simultaneously shortening the detection time of the transformer because the transformer with obviously low pressing force (at least in one winding) can be scrapped early.
Claims (3)
1. A method of diagnosing vibration of a transformer without dismantling the transformer, comprising applying mechanical impulses to the structure of the transformer, measuring the electromotive force induced in the phase windings thereof, determining the peak frequency of the power spectral density of said electromotive force, characterized in that: comparing peak frequencies of power spectral density in a phase winding of the transformer, determining the minimum peak frequency and the maximum peak frequency in the phase winding of the transformer, calculating a ratio of the minimum peak frequency and the maximum peak frequency, and judging that the transformer should be out of service if the ratio is smaller than a set threshold; if the above ratio is other values, the diagnosis is continued: if the minimum peak frequency of the power spectral density exceeds a set boundary value, the transformer can be left for use, and the threshold value and the boundary value are selected according to a short-circuit current design reserve coefficient.
2. The non-disassembly vibration diagnostic method of a transformer of claim 1, wherein: the threshold value is selected within the range of (0.5-0.6).
3. The non-disassembly vibration diagnostic method of a transformer of claim 1, wherein: the boundary value is
Selected within the range, wherein F is the initial value of the pressing force of the transformer winding, the factory specified value is Newton, andalpha is a constant of a transformer with a corresponding model and has a unit of Newton/Hertz4。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| RU2016152714A RU2643940C1 (en) | 2016-12-30 | 2016-12-30 | Method of vibratory unavailable diagnosis of transformer |
| RU2016152714 | 2016-12-30 | ||
| PCT/RU2017/000354 WO2018124927A1 (en) | 2016-12-30 | 2017-05-25 | Method for vibrational in-place transformer diagnostics |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109073701A CN109073701A (en) | 2018-12-21 |
| CN109073701B true CN109073701B (en) | 2021-08-10 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201780024049.2A Active CN109073701B (en) | 2016-12-30 | 2017-05-25 | Vibration diagnosis method without disassembling transformer |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109073701B (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2643940C1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2018124927A1 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2667688T3 (en) * | 2015-07-27 | 2018-05-14 | Abb Schweiz Ag | Procedure to classify the state of the winding clamp of a power transformer |
| CN111368255B (en) * | 2020-03-06 | 2021-07-20 | 西南交通大学 | Method for evaluating running stability of vehicle-mounted transformer under combined indexes |
| CN112083356B (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2022-11-04 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Method for checking short circuit bearing capacity of transformer |
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| US6369582B2 (en) * | 2000-05-04 | 2002-04-09 | Georgia Tech Research Corporation | System and method for off-line impulse frequency response analysis test |
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- 2017-05-25 CN CN201780024049.2A patent/CN109073701B/en active Active
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN109073701A (en) | 2018-12-21 |
| WO2018124927A1 (en) | 2018-07-05 |
| RU2643940C1 (en) | 2018-02-06 |
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