CN109070300A - Method and milling drum for workpieces processing - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of milling drums (10, 110) and it is a kind of for process shaft-like design workpiece (30) method, especially it is used for grinding, with the following steps: the workpiece (30) that shaft-like designs is contained on workpiece mandrel (22), one group of support (34 is provided, 36, 38, 40), the support is spaced each other along the axis vertical stretching, extension of workpiece (30), wherein, support (34, 36, 38, 40) engagement state and unbound state be can take up, wherein, support (34, 36, 38, 40) in engagement state, act on workpiece (30) with playing a supportive role, at least one is provided at least one grinding tool (62, 64, 66, 68；162,164,166,168) grinding mandrel (54,56,58,60；154,156,158,160), and workpiece (30) is processed, comprising: feed motion is generated, so as to by grinding tool (62,64,66,68；162, it 164,166,168) is sent into the interlocking with workpiece (30), generates grinding tool (62,64,66,68；162,164,166,168) relative rotation workpiece (30) between, and one group of support (34,36,38,40) is manipulated, so that support (34,36,38,40) is optionally disposed in engagement state or is placed in disengaged condition.

Description

Method and milling drum for workpieces processing

Technical field

It is especially a kind of for being driven to for vehicle the present invention relates to a kind of method for processing the workpiece of shaft-like design The method that the shaft component (such as armature spindle, transmission shaft, camshaft, crankshaft etc.) of dynamic device carries out grinding.The present invention is also It is related to a kind of toolroom machine, particularly milling drum, it is suitable for executing the above method.Finally, the present invention relates to one kind to be used for tool Machine, particularly machine control program for milling drum.

Background technique

A kind of Milling Machining Center for complete workpieces processing as known to DE202010004788U1 has tool mandrel And machine controller, wherein adapter apparatus setting is used for deep hole drill, can be removably attached on tool mandrel, Adapter apparatus includes matrix and at least one corresponds to the knife rest of matrix, is filled to support deep hole drill, and including driving It sets, for making knife rest send axis to move before tool mandrel.

A kind of multicore axis turning automation for single workpiece as known to DE1271501A, wherein single workpiece clamp Tightly between pinnacle and by can utilize that mandrel rotating cylinder couples, arrangement on the load bearing member, knife rest with idler wheel comes Support, knife rest can be radially to adjust, for this purpose, being provided with slide that can be radially movable, slide towards the direction of workpiece It can be by actuated by cams.

It is a kind of deep for being carried out in the axle journal supporting part of crankshaft and the groove of main supporting part known to EP0788419B1 The device of roll-in.

By US5, control device used in a kind of circle grinding machine for cylindrical work known to 103,596A has folding Curved-hold-down devices and control unit, bending-hold-down devices include the element that reclines, and the element that reclines accommodates cylindrical work in its two sides Part, control unit are connect with bending-hold-down devices, to adjust the power that reclines for the element that reclines.

A kind of outer round grinding machine for crankshaft as known to DE3814038A1, this outer round grinding machine, which has, to be used to support The workpiece for needing to process, the knife rest that can adjust.

A kind of milling drum with operation table top and grinding disc as known to EP0724500B1, operation table top can be relative to Grinding disc passage, the work piece portion that operation table top carries mandrel seat and can adjust, mandrel seat has can be relative to it The tailstock of compartment of terrain adjustment, and at least mandrel seat or tailstock and additional also work piece portion can be relative to operation post Face adjustment.

A kind of milling drum for the exterior face progress grinding to workpiece as known to DE102011102113A1, especially It is to include workpiece receiving portion, workpiece receiving portion is designed for work for carrying out cylindricalo grinding and/or external non-circular grinding Part with can rotating manner bearing and/or controllably rotation driving；At least first and second grinding mandrel vacancy, wherein extremely It is that the first and second grinding mandrel components can move between primary bonding station and secondary engagement position less, the first grinding core Shaft assembly has at least one the first primary grinding mandrel and first grade is ground mandrel, and the second grinding mandrel component has at least One second primary grinding mandrel and second subprime are ground mandrel, at least primary of the first and/or second grinding mandrel component Or secondary grinding mandrel has grinding disc external member, grinding disc external member has the grinding dignity of multiple substantially rotational symmetry, grinding It is honorable to divide step opposite to each other and/or demarcate each other separately.

The milling drum as known to DE102011102113A1 is particularly suitable for workpiece progress elongated, in shaft-like design Processing.Belong to such such as having camshaft, transmission shaft, crankshaft, driving unit shaft.According to DE102011102113A1's At least some structural schemes, the workpiece for needing to process can be contained in workpiece receiving portion, and workpiece receiving portion is referred to as work Part mandrel.In addition, milling drum have the first mandrel unit and the second mandrel unit, such as can respectively include primary mandrel and Secondary mandrel.This has the advantage of without being able to carry out difference in the case where converted to milling drum or change equipment Process, these process need different machining tools (grinding disc).This for example may include roughing and fine Processing.

The milling drum as known to DE102011102113A1 another advantage is that two are referred to as mandrel component Mandrel unit protrudes opposite one another, wherein the grinding tool for being currently used in processing is facing with each other and preferably relative to each other Only there is very small spacing.This is substantially realized to the axis with significant extending longitudinally (very big length-to-diameter ratio example) The processing of component send movement before carrying out without (along the longitudinal direction of workpiece).Such processing is referred to as plunge grinding.Change speech It, grinding tool can also design it is as follows so that its be enough to reflect type desired by workpiece exterior feature.Accordingly, grinding tool is for example It is referred to as grinding disc external member.This grinding disc external member is by multiple segments that can have moulding different from each other or section structure At.

Self-evidently, milling drum, particularly circle grinding machine can also be different mode and construct.Then, it is not necessarily intended to be arranged Two grinding mandrel components.It is also contemplated that only providing grinding mandrel component, accommodates accordingly design on it Grinding tool.

Processing of the document more particularly to the workpiece designed shaft-like.This includes for example speed change in the field of vehicle structure Device axis, camshaft, crankshaft, driving unit shaft etc..The workpiece of shaft-like design not necessarily fully rotating have to symmetrically design.But Workpiece can have the segmentation of eccentric design, such as in the form of cam, side or axle journal.In general, workpiece has very big length Degree-diameter proportion, such as can be 3: 1,5: 1 or even 7: 1 or bigger.Work for example can be to this datum diameter The maximum gauge of part.

In addition, electric notor is increasingly being used as electric car, the vehicle with fuel cell and/or has combination drive The vehicle of device makes the shaft component to high-precision manufacture, the requirement of such as armature spindle higher and higher.

Especially for driving device technology, such as motor, electric notor, power train, valve driving member, speed changer Series manufacture or batch micro operations in, it is necessary to realize cycle time as short as possible.But this does not allow to accuracy or institute The quality needed causes to bear.The tolerance that required precision and needs is realized for example is in transmission shaft the model of several μm (micron) In enclosing.Time process-cycle in the range of for the series manufacture of transmission shaft or batch micro operations is significantly lower than 60s (second).

It for example can be by multistage based on the good compromise between cycle time as short as possible and optimal precision Processing method realizes that this method is for example including to the pre- grinding of workpiece and finished product grinding, wherein uses different mill respectively Cut tool.

Although it has been shown that on the one hand can realize order in terms of cycle time and machining accuracy using known milling drum People it is satisfied as a result, being advanced optimized it is desirable, however, that realizing.This sets more particularly to significant longitudinally extending shaft-like The processing of the workpiece of meter.

Summary of the invention

Based on the above background, it is an object of the present invention to propose a kind of method for workpieces processing, especially a kind of use In the method for grinding workpiece, such an approach achieves advanced optimizing and especially when given operation to process When parameter, such as when given process time, realize further increasing for precision.Preferably, change repeatable accuracy also It is kind, so that generally can be improved procedure quality.In addition, within the scope of the invention, should propose a kind of toolroom machine, especially Milling drum is configured to execute processing method.Preferably, this method also can be used in existing work with very low consuming In tool machine.Preferably, existing toolroom machine can reequip in a straightforward manner or be equipped with control technology, to make above-mentioned side Method is carried out.It is further an object that proposing a kind of machine control program, this machine control program promotes work Tool machine executes the method.

Relatively with this method, the purpose of the present invention is by a kind of for processing the workpiece, particularly use of shaft-like design The method of grinding is carried out to realize in the shaft member to vehicle drive unit, armature spindle, and the method includes the following steps:

The workpiece that shaft-like designs is contained on workpiece mandrel,

One group of support is provided, support is spaced each other along the axial extending longitudinally of workpiece, wherein support can take up engagement State and disengaged condition, support are joined on workpiece with playing a supportive role in engagement state,

At least one grinding mandrel for having at least one grinding tool is provided, and

Workpiece is processed, comprising:

Feed motion is generated, to engage grinding tool with workpiece,

It produces relative rotation between grinding tool and workpiece, and

One group of support is manipulated, to be selectively entered support in engagement state or disengaged condition, Wherein, during processing, the transformation between engagement state and disengaged condition is realized.

The purpose of the present invention fully achieves in this manner.

According to the present invention, this method is to realize the engagement or disengaged of support and workpiece selectivity.Engagement state with Transformation between disengaged condition is realized during the processing of the workpiece, is preferably repeatedly realized.It has been shown that in this manner can Improving machining accuracy, there are also the repeatable accuracys of processing.The processing scheme persistently engaged with support with workpiece is on the contrary, support selects Property activation and deactivate and can aid in the raising of manufacturing quality.Even when remaining procedure parameter does not change or unobvious changes In the case where change, it is also possible to such case.

In other words, it has been shown that at least one support in one group of support is at least temporarily discharged and can be mentioned The high achievable accuracy of manufacture.

Such support is fully known in the prior art.Support is also referred to as knife rest.Within the scope of application, for support Frame is generally it can be thought that be the support component being indirectly or directly fixed on toolroom machine or milling drum.Support usually quilt For being supported during processing to very long or too long workpiece.This aspect, which can act on, to be only clamped in side Workpiece.But even for the workpiece received in two sides, also support is used for example on workpiece mandrel and tailstock On.Support overcomes static deformation and dynamic deformation.

According to the present invention the advantages of and effect especially for the workpiece with significant longitudinally extending shaft-like design and Speech, it is available to highlight.This is for example including armature spindle, transmission shaft, driving unit shaft, camshaft or crankshaft.Preferably, Workpiece has at least 3: 1, preferably at least 5: 1, further preferably at least 7: 1 length-to-diameter ratio example.

Support is especially designed as active support, and can engage under its engagement state with workpiece.This for example can be with Contact force or retentivity including restriction.Under disengaged condition, on the one hand support can be lifted from workpiece.However, it is possible to With it is contemplated that support under disengaged condition contact force or driving force ratio engagement state under be substantially reduced.

This method is according at least some structural schemes particularly suitable for the processing by plunge grinding or bevel grinding progress, wherein Grinding tool relative in the axial pre-feed situation of workpiece (along longitudinal direction), is not acting on workpiece.In addition, grinding tool is preferred It is designed as segmented tool, and including multiple segmentations corresponding with the circumferential sectors of workpiece.This includes following implementation Example, wherein one or two grinding tool be in engagement in, have equal to workpiece longitudinally extending at least 30%, preferably At least 50%, further preferably at least 70% extending longitudinally.

During the processing, at least one support is alternately in state of activation and unactivated state, such as basis Depending on rectangular function or SIN function.Accordingly, state can be corresponding with the discrete range of numerical value or serial number.

This method is suitable for manufacturing the shaft component of transmission for vehicles, especially manufacture armature spindle, transmission shaft, camshaft Or crankshaft.

According to the exemplary designs of the above method, one group of support has at least two supports for capableing of independent operation Frame, wherein be at least temporarily that the first support is in engagement state, and the second support is in disengaged condition during processing In, and during processing, it is at least temporarily that the first support is in disengaged condition, the second support is in engagement state.

In other words, two or more supports are provided with, these supports alternately or at least can temporarily offset one from another Ground operation.According to another embodiment, at least two supports during the processing of the workpiece, alternately with engagement state and disengaged condition Operation.First support is in engagement state, and the second support is at least temporarily in disengaged condition, in turn can also be with. This measure can contribute to further increase manufacturing quality.

According to another design scheme of the method, be transformed into disengaged condition from engagement state when the first support and When second support is transformed into engagement state from disengaged condition, at least two supports are at least temporarily located at the same state. In other words, the overlapping of the state of support in time can be obtained.This can especially be related to engagement state.But according to can The design scheme of replacement, this alsos relate to disengaged condition.

According to this measure, it can be ensured that: there is at least one support to be in engagement state always.This can for example be prevented Excessive bending occurs for workpiece.

According to another design scheme of this method, at least two supports of one group of support simultaneously with engagement state and Disengaged condition operation, and toggled between engagement state and disengaged condition.This can for example be related to described one group A part of support.Thus it is possible to amount to four supports it is contemplated that being provided with, wherein each there are two simultaneously with engagement state It is run with disengaged condition.Every two, which can synchronize, in namely four supports is manipulated.According to the design scheme of replacement, It is contemplated that all supports are run simultaneously with engagement state and disengaged condition.

The best manipulation scheme of one group of support can obtain empirically or heuristically depending on application scenarios Know.Then it is contemplated that the duration and sequence for the state of one or a set of support are for new application (new workpiece Type) it limits first based on empirical value.From this basic status, it is able to carry out prioritization scheme, is especially being needed In terms of the accuracy of manufacture or reproducibility to be realized.In a similar way, it can know each support activation and deactivated period Or sequence, purpose is expressed for diagram, for example, see the ignition order of cylinder of internal-combustion engine.

It has been shown that expending, by open-and-shut with the change of the activation to each state/inactive sequence or duration Based on, it can be realized the significant optimization of manufacture result.

It is also contemplated that changing the manipulation side to one group of support in random or approximate random method Case selects preferred plan to be again based on test of many times.

According to another structural scheme of this method, support can also be run with transition state, wherein transition state indicates Be the upcoming transformation between engagement state and disengaged condition.In this way it is possible to which transition state is used for Predict the state transformation between (or in turn) engagement state and disengaged condition.In this manner it is achieved that toolroom machine can mention The duration of preceding determination knows the information of the state transformation in relation to arriving.This can be used at least short time matching operating parameter, with Just simplify the transformation between engagement state and disengaged condition.

According to another structural scheme of this method, support is acted in the state of disengaged with reduced retentivity Workpiece.Alternatively, support is lifted from workpiece under disengaged condition.In turn, support is in the engaged condition with restriction Mode acts on workpiece.This especially may include the retentivity limited or the power that reclines.

According to another structural scheme of this method, when one in support becomes between engagement state and disengaged condition When changing, grinding disc is reduced with its centripetal force for acting on workpiece.This can be further improved be can be realized precision.Do not say and Analogy, centripetal force not necessarily have to be when some in support converts every time between engagement state and disengaged condition all It must reduce.But have shown that, it can be beneficial that when at least one of support converts, to workpiece with into It is reduced to the associated corresponding load on of power.

According to a kind of improvement project of this design scheme, centripetal force is reduced, meanwhile, support is in transition state, mistake The state of crossing has started the transformation (or in turn) between engagement state and disengaged condition.In this way it is possible to overall The upper soft transitions realized between engagement state and disengaged condition.The reduction in short-term of centripetal force can make workpiece discharge plus It carries and further increases quality.

Self-evidently, centripetal force have to not necessarily be reduced to zero.But it is contemplated that following design scheme, In, from level before, (such as 100%) is reduced to the level (such as 50%, 20% or 10%) of reduction to centripetal force.Into It is oriented with being typically normal to the workpiece longitudinal axis to power.In bevel grinding, variation scheme can be obtained.The folding of workpiece may be implemented in centripetal force It is curved.Other than centripetal force, the self weight of workpiece may also lead to bending.Additionally, it is contemplated that the dynamic deformation during processing. In general, support is configured to, minimize undesirable workpiece deformation (such as bending), this workpiece deformation is by workpiece sheet Body (dynamic effect during self weight and processing) is also produced by tool (clamping force of grinding disc or the centripetal force of grinding disc) It is raw.

According to another structural scheme of this method, at least some of described one group of support repeatedly exists during processing It is toggled between engagement state and disengaged condition, wherein preferably, at least two supports in one group of support are handed over Alternately toggled between engagement state and disengaged condition.

The signal distributions principle that the activity of support is obtained by the transformation between engagement state and disengaged condition On may include binary distributed, that is, occupy lucky two discrete numerical value, the two numerical value pass through very steep inclined-plane phase It connects.It is also contemplated that the switching between engagement state and disengaged condition realizes such as sine curve The signal distributions of type.When support is other than engagement state and disengaged condition, additionally it is possible to when being run with transition state, be related to Be such case.Discrete, constant numerical value is not necessarily necessarily corresponded to for this state itself.But this state can Using for example when signal is sinusoidal, the numberical range of the determination comprising signal (such as engagement state: 90% to 70%, transition State: 70% to 30%, disengaged condition: 30% to 0%).Self-evidently, it may be considered that design scheme and scala media Section.

In short, can obtain includes that engagement state and disengaged condition and (if present), there are also transition states State phase.The duration in this stage for example can be for 0.5s (second) until the even greater numerical value of 2s, 5s.

In principle, the duration of disengaged condition can be equal to the duration of engagement state.However, it is also contemplated that following sets Meter scheme, wherein the duration of engagement state is greater than the duration of disengaged condition.

Relatively with milling drum, the purpose of the present invention is realized by a kind of milling drum, particularly circle grinding machine, is included

Lathe,

Workpiece receiving portion with workpiece mandrel,

At least one grinding mandrel with grinding tool,

One group of support, these supports are arranged at each interval, wherein support can be transported with engagement state and disengaged condition Row, and support is configured to, and in the engaged condition, is joined to the workpiece being contained in workpiece receiving portion with playing a supportive role On, and

Control device, control device are configured to, and support is made selectively to be placed in engagement state during the processing of the workpiece In disengaged condition, wherein realize the transformation between engagement state and disengaged condition with limited way.

In this manner it is achieved that the purpose of the present invention fully achieves.

Preferably, milling drum is configured to plunge grinding or bevel grinding.This may include following structural scheme, wherein right The processing of workpiece does not include sending to move before the workpiece longitudinal axis.

Preferably, milling drum is suitable for executing processing method according to one of aspect presented here.One group of support Frame for example may include 2,3,4 or even more supports, these supports along workpiece extending longitudinally at each interval, Cither indirectly or directly it is molded on lathe.

According to a kind of design scheme of milling drum, control device is also designed for, to the feed drive unit of grinding mandrel It is controlled, to work as support transition period between engagement state and disengaged condition, reduces grinding disc and act on workpiece Centripetal force.

According to another design scheme of milling drum, support is arranged in the opposite side of accommodated workpiece with grinding mandrel On face, wherein support especially in the engaged condition, provides force component overcoming centripetal force, acting on workpiece.According to this Mode, can be based on centripetal force efficiently against the bending of workpiece.

According to another design scheme of milling drum, at least some of described one group of support support is designed as active support And it is equipped at least one support driving device or can couple therewith, so that corresponding support is selectively placed in engagement In state or in disengaged condition.

For example, active support may include the gripping arm etc. at least capableing of segment shift, to realize state transformation.Support drives Dynamic device can be designed as fluid pressure drive device or pneumatic actuating device.It is also contemplated that by support drive assembly design For electric, magnetic force or electromechanical driving device.

According to another design scheme of milling drum, control device is also designed for, and is placed in support in transition state, when When being converted between engagement state and disengaged condition, undergo transition state, wherein during transition state, be ground mandrel with The mode of restriction is manipulated, so that the centripetal force for especially acting on workpiece to grinding disc is controlled.

In order to illustrate purpose, reference is subject to signal lamp, signal lamp includes red, green and yellow signal.Engagement state Such as corresponding green.Accordingly, disengaged condition corresponds to danger signal.Transition state corresponds to yellow signal, yellow signal point It Yu Gao not transformation between green and danger signal (and in turn).In other words, during transition state, in support sheet Structural variation have to not necessarily be obtained with it or in its support driving device.But transition state predicts out joint shape Imminent transformation between state and disengaged condition.

According to another design scheme of milling drum, at least one grinding mandrel carries at least one and is designed as grinding disc set The grinding disc of part, wherein grinding disc external member has core, and core designs in multi-part and with axis that is different, be combineding with each other There are multiple grinding sections to segmentation and grinding disc external member, these grinding sections correspond to the corresponding of the workpiece for needing to process Segmentation.The core at least can be designed as complex in piecewise, especially be designed as fiber composite.

The grinding disc external member designed in this way, which realizes, has very big axially extending grinding disc, and this grinding disc accordingly may be used To be processed simultaneously to the very big axial segmentation of workpiece.It has been shown that especially when workpiece is simultaneously in plunge grinding method more When being processed in a segmentation, to the manipulation of support selectivity so as to the process of the transition between engagement state and disengaged condition So that precision is obviously improved.

It is contemplated that the grinding disc for being designed as grinding disc external member, which has, is substantially equal to the longitudinally extending longitudinal direction of workpiece Stretching, extension.Accordingly, workpiece on its entire circumference or can be processed almost on its entire circumference in principle.

According to another design scheme of milling drum, multiple mandrel units, especially two mandrel units are provided with, In, at least one of mandrel unit has the grinding mandrel of the grinding disc with suspension bearing, and mandrel unit is preferably each other It is contained on lathe towards ground.Mandrel unit can also generally be expressed as mandrel component.Mandrel unit can respectively include one Or multiple grinding mandrels.The suspension bearing of grinding disc realizes: the mandrel unit that two are contained in facing with each otherly on lathe It is arranged in such a way, so that grinding disc is very close to each other.Accordingly, workpiece can be processed using two grinding discs simultaneously, Wherein, the longitudinally extending considerable segmentation of workpiece can be processed.

According to another design scheme of milling drum, it is provided at least one mandrel unit comprising two grinding mandrels, Wherein, two grinding mandrels have common running driving device, and two grinding mandrels of mandrel unit can be about work Part is alternately moved into active position or passive position, is especially come by the pivot driver device for corresponding to mandrel unit Driving.

Hereby it is possible to execute roughing and retrofit using only one includes the mandrel unit of two grinding mandrels. Usually, it can be envisaged that the combination of multiple processing segmentations, these processing segmentations need different grinding tools.

For example, milling drum designs as follows, there are two mandrel unit, the two mandrel units to respectively include two for setting A grinding mandrel, the grinding mandrel of mandrel unit have the grinding disc of suspension bearing.Each mandrel unit may include a pivot Rotary driving device, so as to one in two grinding discs is selectively sent into the interlocking of workpiece in.The configuration being previously mentioned is real Show and complete processing or approximate complete processing are realized to workpiece in only one clamping element.Preferably, this can be by plunge grinding Or bevel grinding is realized, is moved without sending before the progress of the longitudinal axis of workpiece.

It is also realized by machine control program based on the purpose of the present invention, machine control program has program coding, journey Sequence code Design is used for: when machine control program is run on control device, promoting the control device of toolroom machine according to here The aspect mentioned is come the step of executing the method.

Self-evidently, it is of the invention it is above-mentioned there are also the feature also to be illustrated below can not only with respectively to Combined application out, and with other combinations or can be used alone, and without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Detailed description of the invention

Other features and advantages of the present invention are obtained from referring to following explanation of the attached drawing to multiple preferred embodiments.Its In:

Fig. 1 shows the perspective view of the simplification of the embodiment of the milling drum with strut configuration；

Fig. 2 shows the perspective views of the simplification of the interchangeable design scheme of the milling drum with strut configuration；

Fig. 3 show include workpiece, one group of support and two grinding tools structure signal, bowing of greatly simplifying View, grinding tool can be controlled by control device；

Fig. 4 shows the exemplary design scheme for illustrating expression support, milling drum perspective partial view；

Fig. 5 shows the state diagram of the state distribution for illustrating one group of support of expression；

Fig. 6 shows the state diagram of the state distribution for illustrating one group of support of expression；Wherein, according to the diagram of Fig. 6 Distribution is different from the distribution according to Fig. 5；

Fig. 7 shows the state diagram of the state distribution for illustrating one group of support of expression, wherein in order to be illustrated, also The state of driving device is sent to be distributed before showing；

Fig. 8 shows the another of the relative status about the time for the different conditions that the first support and the second support can occupy One state diagram；

Fig. 9 shows the schematic block diagram for illustrating expression to the design scheme of the method to workpiece grinding；And

Figure 10 shows the schematic block of the sub-step diagram expression to the embodiment of the method to process to cutter grinding Figure.

Specific embodiment

Fig. 1 shows the perspective illustration of toolroom machine 10, is designed as milling drum.

Milling drum 10 has lathe 12, and lathe is referred to as rack.Guide portion 16,18 is configured on lathe 12.Mill The component for cutting machine 10 can be travelled along guide portion 16,18 and is selectively fixedly installed.

In at least some of attached drawing shown here, in order to illustrate expression, coordinate system is shown.In general, longitudinal marked with X Show.Laterally indicated with Z.Vertically indicated with Y.In this manner it is achieved that limiting three axis X, Y and Z for translating straight line in other words.It encloses It is rotated accordingly around axis X, Y and Z and limits corresponding rotary shaft.It self-evidently, for illustrative purposes, it is also contemplated that can The coordinate system of replacement, such as mechanical coordinate system and/or workpiece coordinate system.Transformation in the required imagination is for those skilled in the art Member is unquestionably feasible.

Self-evidently, within the scope of application, title used, such as first element, second element, primary member Part, secondary element are mainly used for the purpose of difference, and are not related to the significance level of properties especially.

Milling drum 10 also has workpiece receiving portion 20, and workpiece receiving portion is for example contained in guide portion 16.Workpiece receiving portion 20 include workpiece mandrel 22.Workpiece mandrel 22 may include driving device, selectively to drive accommodated tool.Such as Workpiece receiving portion 20 includes the first tool retainer 24 and second workpiece holder 26, accommodates workpiece 30 therebetween.First workpiece Holder 24 may include the clamping device for workpiece 30.Second workpiece holder 26 is for example designed as tailstock.Workpiece mandrel 22 can also include C axial brake device 28, and C axial brake device realizes workpiece 30 and rotates in a limiting fashion around its longitudinal axis.Work The longitudinal axis of part 30 is parallel to X-axis.C axial brake device 28 realizes the rotational orientation in a limiting fashion of workpiece 30.This is for example realized Processing to the eccentric type exterior feature of workpiece 30.In this manner it is achieved that such as can be ground out cam.

Workpiece 30 for example refers to cam, transmission shaft, driving unit shaft or crankshaft.There is workpiece 30 significant longitudinal direction to stretch Exhibition.In this regard, workpiece 30 can also be referred to as the workpiece of elongated design.Workpiece 30 is designed in shaft-like.In the reality according to Fig. 1 It applies in example, workpiece 30 is contained in workpiece receiving portion in two sides, that is, is contained in the first tool retainer 24 and second workpiece Between holder 26.It is also contemplated that, workpiece 30 is only accepted in side, that is, is for example eliminated and be designed as in principle The second workpiece holder 26 of tailstock.

Workpiece 30 may also mean that the armature spindle of motor.In the case, the drive motor for vehicle is particularly related to. Since there is the vehicle of the driving device of replacement, increasingly promoted such as electric car, hybrid vehicle, this component It promotes also more and more.Workpiece 30 is usually referred to as the shaft component for running driving device.

The workpiece 30 for being designed as transmission shaft, crankshaft, camshaft or driving unit shaft usually has significant extending longitudinally. This includes that the ratio between very high length-to-diameter ratio example, such as the length and diameter of workpiece 30 are at least 3: 1, at least 5: 1, Huo Zhezhi Few 7: 1.The workpiece 30 of this length is usually contained in workpiece receiving portion 20 in two sides.In addition, the branch that workpiece 30 stretches along longitudinal direction Support can be realized for example, by including the strut configuration 32 of the first support 34 and the second support 36.

Support 34,36 is designed for, and acts on workpiece 30 with playing a supportive role, to make workpiece 30 overcome deformation or folding It is curved.Preferably, support 34,36 is designed as the support of active.This includes following design scheme, wherein support 34,36 is equipped with Driving device can perhaps couple that support 34,36 is selectively arranged and enters engagement state or disengaged shape therewith State.

Namely according at least to some embodiments, non-continuous support is realized by support 34,36.But support 34, 36 are temporarily activated and temporarily deactivate, to improve the precision of grinding.Behaviour while this may include to support 34,36 Make.In addition, this may include the blocked operation to support 34,36.Support 34,36 can be swashed to same-phase or phase-shifts It is living.In the case where the activation of same-phase is present in multiple supports 34,36 while being placed under engagement state or disengaged condition.Phase It is at least temporarily that a support is in engagement state, and another support is located simultaneously that displacement or the activation of phase shifting, which are present in, Situation in disengaged condition.

What is involved is the manipulation schemes to the strut configuration 32 for including multiple supports 34,36 for the embodiment of the present invention.Under This point is discussed in detail in face.

(pruning material) processing actual in milling drum 10 realized by mandrel unit 50,52, mandrel unit It is properly termed as mandrel component.Milling drum 10 has at least one mandrel unit 50,52.According to the embodiment illustrated by Fig. 1, mill Cutting machine 10 includes the first mandrel unit 50 and the second mandrel unit 52.Mandrel unit 50,52 respectively includes at least one mandrel seat.

First mandrel unit 50 includes primary grinding mandrel 54 and secondary grinding mandrel 56.Second grinding unit 52 includes just Grade grinding mandrel 58 and secondary grinding mandrel 60.Grinding tool 62 is accommodated on grinding mandrel 54.Hold on grinding mandrel 56 Receiving has grinding tool 64.Grinding tool 66 is accommodated on grinding mandrel 58.Grinding tool 68 is accommodated on grinding mandrel 60.

Grinding tool 62,64,66,68 is preferably designed for grinding disc.At least some of grinding tool 62,64,66,68 example It is such as designed as grinding disc external member, and including multiple segments, these segments for example can have different diameters.Grinding tool 62, it 64,66,68 is typically at least designed in rotational symmetry on its machined surface.

Mandrel unit 50,52 designs as follows, so that being respectively used to the grinding tool 62,64,66,68 and core of processing Axle unit 50,52 is facing with each other.This includes exemplary design scheme, wherein grinding tool 62,64,66,68 suspends ground respectively It is contained on corresponding grinding mandrel 54,56,58,60.

Mandrel unit 50 is contained on table top 72.Mandrel unit 52 is contained on table top 74.Table top 72 is referred to as One table top.Table top 74 is referred to as the second table top.First table top 72 has guidance matrix 76 and slide 78.Second table top 74 tool There are guidance matrix 80 and slide 82.Table top 72,74 can be for example contained in the guide portion 18 on lathe with travelling.According to this Mode, movement in the X direction are realized in which can be parallel to the extending longitudinally of workpiece 30.The guidance matrix 76,80 of table top 72,74 It can be travelled opposite to each other with slide 78,82.In this manner it is achieved that realizing the movement along Z axis.This movement is referred to as Feed motion is pierced into movement.Table top 72,74 is referred to as cross table top or cross slide seat.

First mandrel unit 50 can also include pivot driver device 86, which limits pivotal axis 90. Mandrel unit 52 includes pivot driver device 88, which includes pivotal axis 92.Pivot driver device 86 can also be with Referred to as the first pivot driver device.Pivot driver device 88 is referred to as the second pivot driver device.In Fig. 1, pivots and drive The pivotal axis 90,92 of dynamic device 86,88 is parallel to the longitudinal axis of workpiece 30 or orients with being parallel to X-axis.

Table top 72,74 and corresponding pivot driver device 86,88 can be used for, and primary is selectively ground mandrel 54,58 or secondary grinding mandrel 56,60 be sent into the interlocking with workpiece 30.For example, primary grinding mandrel 54,58 can be together with Corresponding grinding tool 62,66 was used for for the first process segment.Accordingly, secondary mandrel 56,60 can be together with corresponding Grinding tool 64,68 was used for for the second process segment.The different process segments for example may include the different segmentations to workpiece 30 Processing.But the different process segments also may include roughing and retrofit.

In addition, being shown in FIG. 1 with the control device of 96 marks, it is used to add the function and process of milling drum 10 With control.It includes the control to running driving device, mandrel driving device and the manipulation to strut configuration 32 that this, which is especially,.

Fig. 2 shows the embodiment of the change of milling drum 110 with simplified schematic perspective view diagram.Milling drum 110 with by Fig. 1 figure The milling drum 10 shown at least similarly designs, so that mainly being inquired into below to the component of change and feature.Do not say and Analogy, can be combined with each other and/or from two according to construction package, module and the function of the milling drum 10,110 of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 One in milling drum 10,110 is converted to another.

Milling drum 110, which is similar to, is equipped with strut configuration 32 according to 10 ground of milling drum of Fig. 1.The strut configuration of milling drum 110 32 for example including four supports 34,36,38,40.It can also imagine in the milling drum 10 according to Fig. 1 in this design principle. Support 34,36,38,40 is for example contained in guide portion 16.Support 34,36,38,40 along workpiece 30 extending longitudinally in the axial direction It is spaced each other and cither indirectly or directly couples with lathe 12.

Milling drum 110 is additionally provided with the first mandrel unit 150, and mandrel unit includes the first grinding mandrel component.In addition, setting There is the second mandrel unit 152, the second mandrel unit includes the second grinding mandrel component.It is equipped with just for the first mandrel unit 150 Grade grinding mandrel 154 and secondary grinding mandrel 156.Primary grinding mandrel 158 and secondary mill are equipped for the second mandrel unit 152 Cut mandrel 160.

The primary grinding mandrel 154 of first mandrel unit 150 carries grinding tool 162.The secondary of first mandrel unit 150 It is ground mandrel 156 and carries grinding tool 164.The primary grinding mandrel 158 of second mandrel unit 152 carries grinding tool 166.The The secondary grinding mandrel 160 of two mandrel units 152 carries grinding tool 168.The grinding tool 162 of mandrel unit 150,152, 164, it 166,168 supports with suspending.This is realized, and is taken to the grinding tool for being currently used in processing 162,164,166,168 Very close to each otherly side by side, so as to workpieces processing 30 in large area as far as possible.

The grinding mandrel 154,156,158,160 of each mandrel unit 150,152 is arranged away from one anotherly.Corresponding to corresponding The grinding mandrel 154,156,158,160 of mandrel unit 150,152 can concentrically orient each other.It is also contemplated that There are parallel shifted amounts between grinding mandrel 154,156,158,160 on corresponding mandrel unit 150,152.

Mandrel unit 150 is contained on table top 172, and table top includes guidance matrix 176 and slide 178.Mandrel unit 152 holds It is contained on table top 174, the table top includes guidance matrix 180 and slide 182.Table top 172,174 realize mandrel unit 150, 152 move in by X-axis and the distracted plane of Z axis together with the grinding mandrel 154,156,158,160 accommodated thereon.

First mandrel unit 150 further includes pivot driver device 186, limits pivotal axis 190.Second mandrel unit 152 further include pivot driver device 188, limits pivotal axis 192.Pivotal axis 190,192 orients with being parallel to Y-axis.It pivots Axis 190,192 is referred to as so-called B axle.Pivot driver device 186,188 one side, which are realized, is ground mandrel to primary 154, it the selective activation of 156 or secondary grinding mandrels 156,160 or deactivates.In addition, pivot driver device 186,188 can also be with For grinding tool 162,164,166,168 is diagonally close relative to workpiece 30.It in other words, can be in such position In, make the longitudinal axis of workpiece 30 and grinding tool 162,164,166,168 that there is the Shift Angle of restriction to each other.According to this side Formula, such as the conical section of workpiece 30 can be processed.

In Fig. 2, the first mandrel unit 150 is shown with intermediate state, and intermediate state is for example present in primary grinding mandrel When being converted between 154 and secondary grinding mandrel 156.

For according to the principle structure design scheme of the toolroom machine 10 of Fig. 1 and the toolroom machine 110 of tool drawing 2, again Referring specifically to DE102011102113A1.

For Fig. 3 to illustrate the top view for showing workpiece 30 greatly simplified, tool is contained in the first workpiece holder 24 Between second workpiece holder 26, to be processed by grinding tool 62,66.In addition, strut configuration is shown in FIG. 3 32 comprising four supports 34,36,38,40.

Grinding tool 62,66 is for example designed as grinding disc external member.Then, grinding tool 62 is for example including different segments 200,202,204, these segments are designed in different ways.Grinding tool 62-68, the 162-168 introduced within the scope of the present invention In, the grinding disc external member of so-called construction can be particularly related to comprising core (carrying core), accommodated on core segment 200,202, 204.Core can in piece or more than one piece design, referring also to DE102011102113A1.In this manner it is achieved that on the one hand can mention For the grinding disc of sufficiently rigid design.In addition, grinding disc external member is optimized in terms of weight, and only used with very little Property.In addition, this design scheme as grinding disc external member is for example in case of wear or in case of a fault, only replacement section One in section 200,202,204.In this regard, further cost advantage is obtained in operation.

Segment 200,202,204 is matched with the corresponding circumferential sectors 206,208,210 of workpiece 30.Accordingly, it is ground work Tool 62,66 is mainly configured to plunge grinding.In other words, during processing, between workpiece 30 and grinding tool 62,66 in X direction Relative motion does not occur for (longitudinal direction of workpiece 30).

In Fig. 3, grinding tool 62,66 is indicated towards before the direction of workpiece 30 with the broad arrow of 212,214 marks Give or before send driving.It is sent before this along (preceding the to send axis) realization of Z axis.Self-evidently, preceding send can be along inclined relative to Z axis Axis is realized.This is especially carried out in the case where so-called bevel grinding.

At least some of support 34,36,38,40 of strut configuration 32 include keep segmentation 218, driving device 220 with And the interface 222 for coupling with control device 96.Segmentation 218 is kept for example to may include retaining arm, handgrip arm, clamp jaw Deng.Preferably, it keeps segmentation 218 to be designed for, accommodates workpiece 30 on the point that two or three are limited in circumference.Driving Device 220 is preferably designed for, and acts at least one element for keeping segmentation 218.In this manner it is achieved that support 34,36, 38, it 40 can be lifted from workpiece 30.Alternatively it is contemplated that support 34,36,38,40 acts on workpiece 30 with it Retentivity or pretightning force be substantially reduced.In this manner it is achieved that support 34,36,38,40 can be moved into from engagement state Disengaged condition, and in turn can also be with.

Control device 96 preferably couples with strut configuration 32 and with driving device 212,214 is preceding sent.In this manner it is achieved that Such as grinding tool 62-68,162-168 can be acted on before workpiece 30 with it send power and strut configuration 32 support 34, 36,38,40 current state matches.It is contemplated that when at least one of support 34,36,38,40 executes state When transformation, the preceding power of sending at least temporarily is reduced.

Fig. 3 is additionally illustrated, the support 34,36,38,40 of strut configuration 32 is preferably placed in workpiece 30 and grinding tool On 62-68,162-168 opposite side.In this manner it is achieved that support 34,36,38,40 absorbs grinding tool 62-68,162- Power is sent before sending power to overcome this in other words before 168.

Fig. 4 illustrates the partial view of milling drum, and with support 34, which acts on workpiece 30, and workpiece is contained in In workpiece receiving portion 20.Support 34 has matrix 226, and matrix is contained in the guide portion 16 on the lathe 12 of milling drum.Matrix 226 carrying driving devices 220 and interface 222.The driving device 220 of support 34 for example can be designed as fluid drive apparatus or It is designed as the driving device of electromechanical.

Support 34, which has, keeps segmentation 218.The holding segmentation 218 of support 34 is for example including the first arm 228 and the second arm 230, the two accommodates a segmentation of workpiece 30 therebetween.Arm 228,230 is referred to as retaining arm, handgrip arm or to press from both sides Tight jaw.Driving device 220 is designed for selectively opening and closing arm 228,230.The corresponding movement of arm 228,230 exists It is illustrated in Fig. 4 by the double-head arrow with 232,234 marks.The corresponding position of closure is engagement state.The position of opening is corresponding Be disengaged state.Alternatively, driving device 220 can be designed for the preload or pressing force of arm 228,230 It is relatively controlled and selectively changes with workpiece 30.

In this manner it is achieved that support 34 can be manipulated for example by control device 96 (referring to Fig. 3) in a limiting fashion, with Just in the engaged condition, act on workpiece 30 with playing a supportive role, and remove from workpiece 30 under disengaged condition or Workpiece 30 is at least acted on the retentivity being obviously reduced.

Support 34 shown in Fig. 4 can also be referred to as active support.Active support 34 can exist by control device 96 It is at least run with engagement state and with disengaged condition during workpieces processing 30.

Fig. 5 illustrates the condition curve about the time of strut configuration, such as according to the strut configuration for combining Fig. 3 diagram 32 include four supports.Trunnion axis (horizontal axis) indicates Annual distribution (t).

Figure line shown in Fig. 5 further includes with the signal curve of 238,240,242,244 marks.Signal curve 238 is corresponding In the first support.Signal curve 240 corresponds to the second support.Signal curve 242 corresponds to third support.Signal curve 244 is right Tetra- support of Ying Yu.Signal curve 238,240,242,244 respectively includes two states, shows feature with I and II.State I Such as indicate the disengaged condition of corresponding support.State I I for example indicates engagement state.

In short, Fig. 5 is shown, can be manipulated with being staggered in time according to a kind of support of embodiment, so that in signature tune There is phase shift between line 238,240,242,244.Accordingly, following signal curve is obtained, wherein have at least one always Support is in engagement state.Self-evidently, the frequency or length of state I shown here and II are not necessarily kept not Become.It is also contemplated that the design scheme changed, such as changed according to actual processing tasks.

Fig. 6 illustrates the interchangeable design scheme of the signal curve for manipulating strut configuration.With 248,250,252, The signal of 254 marks can integrally correspond to four supports.In Fig. 6, signal curve phrase synchronization.Accordingly, all supports are same When be in engagement state or be in disengaged condition.

Self-evidently, it is certainly conceivable that being mixed by the signal curve illustrated in conjunction with Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, wherein Such as each pair of support of support group relative to other support phase-shifts (Fig. 5) is manipulated, wherein each pair of support is to each other Phase synchronization (Fig. 6) manipulated.

As having illustrated front, be set as according to exemplary design scheme, to the manipulation of support with to grinding tool Before send the manipulation of driving device to coordinate or synchronous.In this manner it is achieved that for example when execution state transformation or shape in support When condition converts, it can reduce and send power before acting on workpiece.

Herein, Fig. 7 is also referred to, diagram gives expression to condition curve of two supports about the time, indicates centripetal force The condition curve of signal contrast.Correspond to the first support with the signal of 258 marks.Correspond to the with the signal of 260 marks Two supports.The curve of centripetal force is indicated with the signal of 262 marks.As described previously like that, the signal curve corresponding to support 258,260 engagement state and disengaged condition can be indicated.

Fig. 7 also illustrates expression transition state by inclined side 264,266.It is indicated with the side of 264 marks from disengaged shape Transition state when state I is converted to engagement state II.It indicates to become from engagement state II to disengaged condition I with the side of 266 marks Transition state when changing.In the diagram according to Fig. 7, the first support is just when the second support is transformed to engage from disengaged condition When state, disengaged condition is transformed to from engagement state.But this is only capable of being considered as exemplary design scheme.

Fig. 7 also shows that when to there is state transformation on one in support, then centripetal force reduces.Support state with Before send the relationship illustrated in Fig. 7 between power that can also be arranged in the signal curve illustrated by Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 in principle.

For illustrating the reason of expressing, is only qualitatively represented in Fig. 7 and send power before indicating by signal curve 262, Wherein, first state is indicated with I, and the second state is indicated with II.For example, state I can show as reduced centripetal force.This is also wrapped Include following state, wherein centripetal force zero.State I I for example indicates maximum centripetal force.Self-evidently, state I with Transformation between state I I, which is not necessarily, suddenly to be realized with infinite steep side.But centripetal force can also work as state I and shape When transformation between state II, transitional region is undergone.In addition, it will nevertheless be understood that the signature tune of expression is illustrated into Fig. 7 in Fig. 5 Line is directed to the manipulation scheme of support, integrally can have a smooth curve.For state I and state I I, not necessarily correspond to There is discrete numerical value (such as opening or non-opening).Accordingly, condition curve for example also may include sinusoidal type or similar smooth Curvilinear figure.Identical situation is also applied for the signal curve of centripetal force in principle.

Fig. 8 illustrates the different states that support may occupy with the diagram changed.For example, with the chunking table of 268 marks What is shown is the first support, and what the chunking indicated with 270 indicated is the second support.Support can take up three kinds of states on the whole, With 272,276 and 274 marks.State 272 for example indicates disengaged condition.State 274 for example indicates engagement state.State 276 Indicate transition state.When the transition between state 272 and state 274, support undergoes transition state.Transition state can be used In the arrival of the advance notice real state transformation of support.In this manner it is achieved that for example realizing following time window, which permits Perhaps to preceding power being sent to match.In order to compare, referring to street traffic signal lamp.Here, transition state corresponds to yellow signal, with Signal form indicates the transition between danger signal and green (or in turn).

Transition state 276 can be used in the case that state 272,276 actually may be considered discrete state.Even if Support relatively can only occupy two states (such as on and off) with the engagement to workpiece from the point of view of structural point, but mistake Crossing state still realizes improved flexibility and higher functional diversity in manipulation.In fig. 8, two with 268, The signal curve of 270 marks is alternately in engagement state or disengaged condition, wherein during converting between state, simultaneously Undergo transition state.

Self-evidently, example is only indicated in the process picture sheet that Fig. 5 is illustrated into Fig. 8.Base based on example diagram This configuration can derive target by inspiration measure when the sequence of such as signal curve, frequency or phase-shifts amount change Configuration.The time scale of each state can change in a cycle.Also self-evidently, it is not necessarily intended to the period of existence The duplicate sequence of property.But it can be according to current applicable cases for example different from the sequence of strict periodicity.

Fig. 9 illustrates the method for workpieces processing by the block diagram that signal greatly simplifies, and is especially used for grinding Armature spindle, transmission shaft, camshaft, driving unit shaft or crankshaft.These components are usually referred to as transmission for vehicles Shaft component.

This method includes step S10, wherein the workpiece of shaft-like design is contained on workpiece mandrel.Workpiece is not necessarily It is fully rotating symmetrically to design.It is also contemplated that other workpiece, the type with cam or similar eccentric design is wide.

Step S12 includes providing one group of support, these supports are arranged at each interval along the axis vertical stretching, extension of workpiece.Support Frame preferably refers to active support, can take up engagement state and disengaged condition.In engagement state, support plays a supportive role Ground and workpiece are rabbeted, to prevent excessive deformation, bending etc..Under disengaged condition, support for example with workpiece interval. Alternatively, in the state of disengaged, at least one retentivity or support force that support acts on workpiece with it are reduced.It is preferred that , support couples with the control device of milling drum, and control device is designed for selectively manipulating single support or at least A part of support.

Another step S14 is related to providing at least one grinding mandrel, is equipped at least one grinding tool, particularly grinding Disk.Preferably, grinding mandrel equipped with accommodate thereon, grinding tool for plunge grinding or bevel grinding.

Followed by another step S16 comprising the processing to workpiece.Step S16 may include sub-step S18, S20, S22.Step S18 includes generating feed motion, so that grinding tool to be sent into the interlocking with workpiece.Step S20 is included in grinding Relative motion is generated between tool and workpiece, hereby it is achieved that the actual processing for pruning material.Between grinding tool and workpiece Relative motion can be realized by activation grinding mandrel and/or by activation workpiece mandrel.

Another sub-step S22 of procedure of processing S16 is related to a kind of manipulation scheme to one group of support, wherein described At least some of one group of support support is selectively placed in engagement state or disengaged condition.This is real when processing the workpiece It is existing.The higher accuracy of manufacture can be realized to the manipulation of support selectivity during processing.

Figure 10 is illustrated in conjunction with the block diagram that greatly simplifies of signal for during work pieces process, particularly the grinding phase Between manipulate one group of support method exemplary design scheme.

This method includes step S50, which in principle can be based on the procedure of processing S16 illustrated in Fig. 9. Step S50 includes different sub-step S52-S66, (step S52, these sub-steps are for example related to the manipulation to the first support S58, S64), the manipulation (S56, S62) to the manipulation (S54, S60, S66) of the second support and to driving device is preceding sent.

During processing, during at least one grinding tool acts on workpiece, support can be alternately with engagement state And it is run with disengaged condition.Self-evidently, it is also contemplated that following time slice, wherein two supports are simultaneously It is in engagement state or in disengaged condition.For example, the state that sub-step S52 and S54 are expressed as follows, wherein the first support It is in disengaged condition, the second support is in engagement state.The state transformation of support can pass through so-called transition state Start to execute.During transition state, sub-step S56 next can be, the sub-step is for example including sending power before reduction.In It is that support is able to carry out actual (structural) state transformation.Accordingly, sub-step S56 can also include sending before improving again Power.Next sub-step S58, S60 performance is the following period, wherein for example the first support is in engagement state, Second support is in disengaged condition.

It can be connected to following transient state again, such as: power is sent before reducing first, brings the actual (knot of support Structure) state transformation, and power is sent before increasing again later, referring to sub-step S62.It can be connected to the following period again, Wherein, support is with the operation of its new state, referring to sub-step S64 and S66, wherein and the first support is in disengaged condition, and second Support is in engagement state.

Self-evidently, the condition curve that example is listed and introduced here is the starting of four admissible processes Point.Importantly, being provided with multiple supports, wherein at least some supports can be selectively manipulated, to make support in work Part is alternately run in engagement state and disengaged condition during being processed.Namely obtained actively at least one support With the passive stage.Relatively with the workpiece that currently needs to process, especially relatively with its geometry and selected material, example Optimization can be such as realized by the method for inspiration and/or experience.

Claims (18)

1. a kind of method for processing the workpiece (30) of shaft-like design, especially for the shaft component for transmission for vehicles The method for carrying out grinding has the following steps:

The workpiece (30) that shaft-like designs is contained on workpiece mandrel (22),

It providing one group of support (34,36,38,40), the support is spaced each other along the axial extending longitudinally of workpiece (30), In, support (34,36,38,40) can take up engagement state and unbound state, wherein support (34,36,38,40) is engaging In state, workpiece (30) are acted on playing a supportive role,

At least one is provided at least one grinding tool (62,64,66,68；162,164,166,168) grinding mandrel (54, 56,58,60；154,156,158,160), and

Workpiece (30) is processed, comprising:

Feed motion is generated, so as to by grinding tool (62,64,66,68；162, it 164,166,168) is sent into and workpiece (30) In interlocking,

Generate grinding tool (62,64,66,68；162,164,166,168) relative rotation workpiece (30) between, and

One group of support (34,36,38,40) is manipulated, is connect so that support (34,36,38,40) to be optionally disposed in It in conjunction state or is placed in disengaged condition, wherein during processing, become between engagement state and disengaged condition It changes.

2. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein, one group of support (34,36,38,40) can at least two The support (34,36,38,40) of independent operation, wherein be at least temporarily that the first support (34) is in joint shape during processing In state, and simultaneously, the second support (36) is in disengaged condition, and during processing, is at least temporarily the first support (34) it is in disengaged condition, and simultaneously, the second support (36) is in engagement state.

3. according to the method described in claim 2, wherein, at least two supports (34,36,38,40) are processed to workpiece (30) Period alternately runs with engagement state and with disengaged condition.

4. according to the method in claim 2 or 3, wherein when the first support (34) is transformed into disengaged shape from engagement state In state and when the second support (36) is transformed into engagement state from disengaged condition, at least two supports (34,36,38,40) are extremely It is few to be temporarily in identical state.

5. method according to any one of claim 2 to 4, wherein at least two supports in one group of support (34,36,38,40) are run with engagement state and with disengaged condition simultaneously, and engagement state and disengaged condition it Between toggle.

6. method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein support (34,36,38,40) can also be with transition shape State operation, what transition state indicated is the imminent transformation between engagement state and disengaged condition.

7. method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein when one in support (34,36,38,40) is connecing When being converted between conjunction state and disengaged condition, grinding tool (62,64,66,68；162,164,166,168) workpiece is acted on (30) centripetal force reduces, and centripetal force, which is preferably in support (34,36,38,40), has started engagement state and disengaged condition Between transformation transition state in when reduce.

8. method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein at least some of described one group of support support (34,36,38,40) repeatedly change switching, it is preferred that described during processing between engagement state and disengaged condition At least two supports (34,36,38,40) in one group of support alternately carry out switchback between engagement state and disengaged condition It changes.

9. method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein workpiece (30) be designed as armature spindle, transmission shaft, Camshaft or crankshaft.

10. a kind of milling drum (10,110) has such as lower member:

Lathe (12),

Workpiece receiving portion (20) has workpiece mandrel (22),

At least one grinding mandrel (54,56,58,60；154,156,158,160), grinding tool (62,64,66,68 is had； 162,164,166,168),

One group of support (34,36,38,40), the support is arranged at each interval, wherein support (34,36,38,40) can be with Engagement state and disengaged condition operation, and support (34,36,38,40) is designed to, and support is played in engagement state The workpiece (30) being contained on workpiece receiving portion (20) is acted on as land used, and

Control device (96), control device is designed for, by support (34,36,38,40) during workpieces processing (30), selection It is placed in engagement state or in disengaged condition to property, wherein with the side of restriction between engagement state and disengaged condition Formula is converted.

11. milling drum (10,110) according to claim 10, wherein control device (96) is also configured to, to grinding Mandrel (54,56,58,60；154,156,158,160) Feed servo system is controlled, to exist in support (34,36,38,40) Transition period between engagement state and disengaged condition reduces grinding tool (62,64,66,68；162,164,166,168) make Centripetal force for workpiece (30).

12. milling drum described in 0 or 11 (10,110) according to claim 1, wherein the support of at least some of described one group of support Frame (34,36,38,40) is designed as active support, and be equipped at least one support driving device (220) or can at least One support driving device (220) connection, to be optionally disposed in corresponding support (34,36,38,40) in engagement state Or in disengaged condition.

13. milling drum described in any one of 0 to 2 (10,110) according to claim 1, wherein control device (96) also constructs For, support (34,36,38,40) is placed in transition state, when being converted between engagement state and disengaged condition, warp Transition state is gone through, during transition state, is ground mandrel (54,56,58,60；154,156,158,160) in a limiting fashion To manipulation, especially so as to grinding tool (62,64,66,68；162, the feeding of workpiece (30) 164,166,168) is acted on Power is controlled.

14. milling drum described in any one of 0 to 13 (10,110) according to claim 1, wherein at least one grinding mandrel (54,56,58,60；154,156,158,160) carry grinding disc that at least one is designed as grinding disc external member (62,64,66, 68；162,164,166,168), wherein grinding disc external member has core, constructs to the core multi-piece type and has different axis To segmentation, the axial segmentation is interconnected, and grinding disc external member has multiple grinding segments (200,202,204), described Grinding segment corresponds to the corresponding segmentation (206,208,210) for needing the workpiece (30) processed.

15. milling drum described in any one of 0 to 14 (10,110) according to claim 1 further include in following design scheme At least one:

Multiple mandrel units (50,52；150,152), particularly two mandrel units, wherein mandrel unit (50,52；150, At least one of 152) there is the grinding disc (62,64,66,68 with suspension bearing；162,164,166,168) grinding mandrel (54,56,58,60；156,158,160), and mandrel unit (50,52 154,；150,152) it preferably to each other is contained in On lathe (12), and

At least one includes two grinding mandrels (54,56,58,60；154,156,158,160) mandrel unit (50,52； 150,152), wherein two grinding mandrels (54,56,58,60；154,156,158,160) there is common running driving device (86,88；, and mandrel unit (50,52 186,188)；150,152) two grinding mandrels (54,56,58,60；154, 156, it 158,160) can alternately move in the active position about workpiece (30) or in passive position.

16. milling drum (10,110) according to claim 15, wherein common running driving device (86,88；186, It 188) is pivot driver device (86,88；186,188), the pivot driver device corresponds to mandrel unit (50,52；150, 152)。

17. the milling drum according to any one of claim 9 to 16 (10,110), milling drum (10,110) is designed as round mill Machine.

18. a kind of machine control program has program coding, described program coding is designed to, when machine control program exists When executing on control device (96), the control device (96) of toolroom machine (10) is promoted to execute according to claim 1 to any one of 9 The method.