CN109065879B - Sodium-ion battery negative electrode material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Sodium-ion battery negative electrode material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN109065879B
CN109065879B CN201810858122.2A CN201810858122A CN109065879B CN 109065879 B CN109065879 B CN 109065879B CN 201810858122 A CN201810858122 A CN 201810858122A CN 109065879 B CN109065879 B CN 109065879B
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source
ion battery
sodium
nickel
cobalt
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CN109065879A (en
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王保峰
许贝贝
马潇
平秋实
王佳绮
陈晗
邰子阳
殷玉森
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O'cell New Energy Technology Co ltd
Shanghai Electric Power University
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Shanghai University of Electric Power
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
    • H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
    • H01M4/523—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron for non-aqueous cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

The invention relates to a sodium ion battery cathode material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the molecular composition of the material is Co2Ni(BO3)2The crystal structure is an orthorhombic crystal system and belongs to a Pnmn space group, and the specific steps are as follows: uniformly mixing a nickel source, a cobalt source and a boron source, sintering under an oxidizing atmosphere, and cooling to obtain pure-phase Co2Ni(BO3)2A material. Compared with the prior art, the Co of the invention2Ni(BO3)2The material has wide raw material source, low cost, good safety performance and environmental protection; the preparation method has the characteristics of simple process flow, low equipment requirement, high product purity and the like, and the prepared Co2Ni(BO3)2The material has excellent electrochemical performance.

Description

Sodium-ion battery negative electrode material and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to an electrical energy storage material, in particular to a sodium ion battery cathode material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Due to the characteristics of rich sodium resources, low cost and the like, the sodium ion battery gradually becomes a new energy storage element and is considered as one of ideal substitute materials of the lithium ion battery. Because the radius of sodium ions is far greater than that of lithium ions, the sodium storage performance of the traditional lithium ion battery negative electrode material is poor, and therefore, the development of a negative electrode material with high specific capacity, long cycle life and excellent rate performance is widely concerned.
Among the currently known negative sodium storage materials, the graphite material is due to sodium ionThe radius of the carbon nanoparticles is large, so that the carbon nanoparticles are difficult to perform de-intercalation reaction in a graphite layer, and the hollow carbon nanoparticles are also reported to be applied to a sodium ion battery cathode material, so that the carbon nanoparticles have good electrochemical performance, and the specific capacity can still reach 251mAh/g after the circulation for 400 times (Nano Lett,2012(7), 3783-plus 3787). Metal and alloy negative electrode materials are receiving attention because of their high specific capacity, such as j3Sn2Ni assembled from nanoparticles3Sn2The material 1C can still maintain the reversible specific capacity close to 200mAh/g after being cycled for 300 times (Nano Lett,2014,14(11), 6387-. However, such materials have a large volume expansion rate during charge and discharge cycles, and the cycle life is not ideal.
When the polyanionic compound borate is used as the negative electrode material of the sodium-ion battery, the polyanionic compound borate has the advantages of high theoretical specific capacity, abundant reserves, environmental friendliness, wide resource distribution and the like. Yang et al prepared N-doped Zn by hydrothermal method3B2O6The specific capacity of the lithium ion battery anode reaches 283.7mAh/g after being cycled for 100 times, and the lithium ion battery anode shows excellent rate performance (Bulletin soft Chemical Society of Japan, 2018.). Kuang et al VBO prepared by sol-gel method3The initial discharge specific capacity was 322.9mAh/g, but the specific charge capacity was only 32.2mAh/g (Journal of Alloys)&Compounds,2017,732.). With the continuous and deep exploration of sodium ion battery energy storage, people are eagerly developing novel materials with high specific capacity, excellent rate performance and other excellent electrochemical properties and simple preparation method to meet the requirement of sodium ion battery energy storage development.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a sodium-ion battery negative electrode material and a preparation method thereof.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
the negative electrode material of sodium ion battery has the molecular composition of Co2Ni(BO3)2。
Preferably, the crystal structure of the material is orthorhombic, and is of a periclase type, Pnmn space group.
A preparation method of a sodium-ion battery negative electrode material comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing a nickel source, a cobalt source and a boron source, sintering under the condition of oxidizing atmosphere, and cooling to obtain pure-phase Co2Ni(BO3)2A material.
Preferably, the nickel source is any one of nickel oxide, nickel oxalate, nickel nitrate, nickel chloride or nickel sulfate or a combination of two or more of the nickel oxide, the nickel oxalate, the nickel nitrate, the nickel chloride and the nickel sulfate.
Preferably, the cobalt source is any one of cobaltosic oxide, cobalt oxalate, cobalt nitrate, cobalt sulfate or cobalt oxide or a combination of two or more of the cobalt sources.
Preferably, the boron source is selected from any one or a combination of two or more of diboron trioxide, boric acid, boron nitride, ammonium borate or phenylboronic acid.
Preferably, the molar ratio of the nickel source to the cobalt source to the boron source is 1:2 (2-3), the boron source is too low to easily generate nickel and cobalt oxide impurities, and excessive boron wastes raw materials and causes difficulty in completely removing excessive boron in a product.
More preferably, the molar ratio of the nickel source to the cobalt source to the boron source is 1:2 (2 to 2.5).
Preferably, the nickel source, the cobalt source and the boron source are mixed for 1-20 hours by dry grinding or wet grinding.
More preferably, the nickel source, the cobalt source and the boron source are mixed by dry grinding or wet grinding for 2-4 hours.
Preferably, the nickel source, the cobalt source and the boron source are sintered in air or oxygen.
Preferably, the sintering process conditions are as follows: the heating rate is 1-20 ℃/min, the sintering temperature is 600-1200 ℃, and if the temperature is too low, pure-phase Co cannot be prepared2Ni(BO3)2Materials, Co possibly produced if the temperature is too high2Ni(BO3)2The material particles are enlarged, so that ion transmission and electrolyte infiltration are not facilitated, the electrochemical performance is reduced, and the sintering heat preservation time is 1-60 hours.
More preferably, the temperature rise rate is controlled to be 1-15 ℃/min in the sintering process; the sintering temperature is 700-1100 ℃, and the sintering heat preservation time is 20-60 h.
Compared with the prior art, the method adopts the raw materials of a nickel source, a cobalt source, a boron source and the like, decomposes the raw materials and then recombines the three elements at high temperature to obtain Co2Ni(BO3)2The material has the characteristics of simple preparation process flow, low requirement on the performance of equipment, high product purity and the like. Prepared Co2Ni(BO3)2The material has high specific capacity and rate capability, and is a sodium ion battery cathode material with application potential.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows Co prepared in example 12Ni(BO3)2An XRD pattern of the material;
FIG. 2 shows Co prepared in example 12Ni(BO3)2Charge-discharge curves for the material at times 1, 2 and 3;
FIG. 3 shows Co prepared in example 12Ni(BO3)2A cycle performance diagram of the material at a current density of 200 mA/g;
FIG. 4 shows Co prepared in example 12Ni(BO3)2And (3) a rate performance graph of the material under different electric current densities.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.
Example 1
Uniformly mixing 2.9g of nickel nitrate, 5.8g of cobalt nitrate and 1.24g of boric acid by grinding, heating to 900 ℃ at the speed of 1 ℃/min in a tube furnace under the air atmosphere condition, keeping the temperature for 55 hours, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a product Co2Ni(BO3)2A material.
And (3) electrochemical performance testing:
to be synthesized Co2Ni(BO3)2Mixing the negative electrode material, the conductive carbon black and the binder carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) according to a mass ratio of 80:10:10Uniformly coating on copper foil, drying, punching into electrode sheet, and drying at 80 deg.C for 24 hr. Taking metallic sodium as a counter electrode; with NaClO41mol/L NaClO obtained by dissolving in a mixed solution of Ethylene Carbonate (EC)/dimethyl carbonate (DMC) with the mass ratio of 1:14Salt solution is used as electrolyte; and assembling the button cell in an argon glove box. The electrochemical performance test is carried out by adopting a Wuhan blue electricity CT2001A type battery tester, and the charging and discharging voltage range is 0.01V-3.0V (compared with Na)+Na). The test temperature was 25 ℃.
FIG. 1 shows Co2Ni(BO3)2As known from the literature, the peak position of the XRD pattern of the material is well matched with the peak position on a standard card (ICDD 75-1808), and the prepared material is shown to be pure-phase Co2Ni(BO3)2. FIG. 2 shows Co2Ni(BO3)2As shown in the graph of the 1 st, 2 nd and 3 rd charge-discharge curves of the material, in the charge-discharge voltage range of 0.01-3.0V, an obvious discharge platform exists in the first discharge process, but the same platform does not exist in the second discharge process, which indicates that the material has structural evolution in the first charge-discharge process. In the three-time charging process, the shapes of the three charging curves are similar, and no obvious charging voltage platform appears. FIG. 3 is Co2Ni(BO3)2The cycle performance diagram of the material under the charge-discharge current density of 200mA/g is shown in the figure, the 2 nd discharge capacity is 391.5mA/g, and Co is obtained after 30 cycles2Ni(BO3)2The capacity of the material still maintains 318.2mA/g, which shows that the material has certain electrochemical performance. FIG. 4 shows Co2Ni(BO3)2The material rate performance diagram shows that when the discharge current is increased to 200mA/g, 500mA/g, 1000mA/g and 2000mA/g in the charge-discharge voltage range of 0.01-3.0V, Co is used2Ni(BO3)2The capacity of the electrode was maintained at 382.2mAh/g, 309.7mAh/g, 245.1mAh/g, and 211.5mAh/g, respectively. The material has excellent rate performance.
Example 2
1.5g of nickel nitrate, 3g of cobalt nitrate and 0.7g of boric acid are mixed uniformly by grindingHeating to 1000 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min in a tube furnace under the air atmosphere condition, keeping the temperature for 48 hours, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a product Co2Ni(BO3)2A material.
Example 3
Uniformly mixing 6g of cobalt nitrate, 3g of nickel nitrate and 1.4g of boric acid by grinding, heating to 900 ℃ at the speed of 3 ℃/min in a tubular furnace under the air atmosphere condition, keeping the temperature for 48 hours, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a product Co2Ni(BO3)2A material.
Example 4
Uniformly mixing 3g of cobalt nitrate, 1.5g of nickel nitrate and 0.7g of boric acid by grinding, heating to 1100 ℃ at the speed of 3 ℃/min in a tube furnace under the air atmosphere condition, keeping the temperature for 48 hours, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a product Co2Ni(BO3)2A material.
Example 5
Uniformly mixing 3g of cobalt nitrate, 1.5g of nickel nitrate and 0.7g of boric acid by grinding, heating to 1200 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min in a tube furnace under the air atmosphere condition, keeping the temperature for 55 hours, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a product Co2Ni(BO3)2A material.
Example 6
Uniformly mixing 5.8g of cobalt nitrate, 2.9g of nickel nitrate and 1.24g of boric acid by grinding, heating to 1200 ℃ at the speed of 3 ℃/min in a tube furnace under the air atmosphere condition, keeping the temperature for 48 hours, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a product Co2Ni(BO3)2A material.
Example 7
4.8g of cobaltosic oxide, 0.75g of nickel oxide and 2.09g of boron trioxide are ground and mixed uniformly by a dry method, the temperature is raised to 1200 ℃ at the speed of 20 ℃/min in a tube furnace under the condition of oxygen atmosphere, the temperature is kept for 60 hours at constant temperature, and then the mixture is naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain a product Co2Ni(BO3)2A material.
Example 8
2.94g of cobalt oxalate, 1.47g of nickel oxalate and 0.74g of boron nitride were passed throughGrinding by a wet method, uniformly mixing, heating to 600 ℃ at the speed of 3 ℃/min in a tube furnace under the condition of oxygen atmosphere, keeping the temperature for 20 hours, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a product Co2Ni(BO3)2A material.
Example 9
Grinding and uniformly mixing 5.6g of cobalt sulfate, 1.3g of nickel chloride and 5.7g of ammonium borate, heating to 700 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min in a tube furnace under the condition of oxygen atmosphere, keeping the temperature for 1h, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a product Co2Ni(BO3)2A material.
Example 10
1.5g of cobalt oxide, 2.63g of nickel sulfate and 3.05g of phenylboronic acid are ground and mixed uniformly, the mixture is heated to 1100 ℃ at the speed of 15 ℃/min in a tube furnace under the air atmosphere condition, the temperature is kept for 20 hours at constant temperature, and then the mixture is naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain a product Co2Ni(BO3)2A material.
Example 11
2.94g of cobalt oxalate, 2.63g of nickel sulfate and 1.53g of boron trioxide are uniformly mixed by grinding, heated to 800 ℃ at the speed of 8 ℃/min in a tube furnace under the air atmosphere condition, kept at the constant temperature for 30 hours, and naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain a product Co2Ni(BO3)2A material.
The embodiments described above are described to facilitate an understanding and use of the invention by those skilled in the art. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications to these embodiments may be made, and the generic principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art should make improvements and modifications within the scope of the present invention based on the disclosure of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A preparation method of a sodium ion battery cathode material is characterized in that a nickel source, a cobalt source and a boron source are uniformly mixed, then sintered under the condition of oxidizing atmosphere, and cooled to prepare pure sodium ion battery cathode materialPhase Co2Ni(BO3)2The material is the target product sodium ion battery cathode material.
2. The method for preparing the negative electrode material of the sodium-ion battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pure-phase Co is used as the main component2Ni(BO3)2The crystal structure of the material is an orthorhombic system and belongs to a Pnmn space group.
3. The method for preparing the negative electrode material of the sodium-ion battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the nickel source is any one or a combination of nickel oxide, nickel oxalate, nickel nitrate, nickel chloride or nickel sulfate.
4. The method for preparing the cathode material of the sodium-ion battery according to claim 1, wherein the cobalt source is any one or a combination of cobaltosic oxide, cobalt oxalate, cobalt nitrate, cobalt sulfate or cobalt oxide.
5. The method for preparing the negative electrode material of the sodium-ion battery according to claim 1, wherein the boron source is any one or a combination of boron trioxide, boric acid, boron nitride, ammonium borate or phenylboronic acid.
6. The preparation method of the sodium-ion battery negative electrode material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of the nickel source to the cobalt source to the boron source is 1:2 (2-3).
7. The preparation method of the negative electrode material of the sodium-ion battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mixing process conditions are as follows: and (3) mixing the nickel source, the cobalt source and the boron source for 1-20 hours by dry grinding or wet grinding.
8. The method for preparing the negative electrode material of the sodium-ion battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the nickel source, the cobalt source and the boron source are sintered in air or oxygen.
9. The preparation method of the negative electrode material of the sodium-ion battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sintering process conditions are as follows: the heating rate is 1-20 ℃/min, the sintering temperature is 600-1200 ℃, and the sintering heat preservation time is 1-60 h.
CN201810858122.2A 2018-07-31 2018-07-31 Sodium-ion battery negative electrode material and preparation method thereof Active CN109065879B (en)

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CN111211324A (en) * 2020-01-15 2020-05-29 上海电力大学 Borate lithium/sodium ion battery negative electrode material and preparation method thereof

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CN106159237A (en) * 2016-08-26 2016-11-23 华南理工大学 A kind of vanadio borate negative material and preparation method thereof
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CN106159237A (en) * 2016-08-26 2016-11-23 华南理工大学 A kind of vanadio borate negative material and preparation method thereof
CN107086300A (en) * 2017-04-20 2017-08-22 上海电力学院 It is a kind of for the negative material of sodium-ion battery and its preparation and application

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